Lod ro ers y
mers ave very beh anotecutos. MA substances
where each motécnmtf rc terved from very a
Naw ber of Scmpe emohe whe qowned tpl bex?
M a regular way.
=> Podge ears are formed vepeoteol fom 'not ov
of rempdest umcts catled monomer 4£ Che paocem
of formrtor of Poefwn ers fro simple mofeule
Cmonomer) (4 Catheol polymer baton
ap
Peet if cH,
Etim gael
CeIn
= Classefieotion of meat |
AD Classcfcation based on Aype of monomer Unt ts:
_
fom-H oe
Pilecplondt LL
pve % E
ephint » potpcra fren yneopetne,
(J teflon, stasch, cellulore eh. Sema synnetic polymers:
These polymers ave found tn plapts 4 animot 4
ther anolufeol «n the Antony.
2K— Cellulose acetnte Crompon)
4 cellurore ncbote*
iy Syndfhette podyrmess.
> fe, polymers axe prepareal tn the Lobo rekorg
sgt ts alsd cattle! man amadle petymer
eke Polyethore , wydon- 6:5 » Buna S , Doce? ef:
2) Classifier _baseol on touche of Lodger:
ct) Linear wes}
Trese Miers (onsets of fog and sheauy at hatin.
LK- High dens rd Wisk ‘i polyvinyl plonote ek:
7 haath, TE ONES
& Ziegler Natta coblyst (24) : Cans), Ad + Teely
> High density pryefrene Is wsed ab emanu force tut’
phate , dist bens» bott4es prpeA ek: : d
GD) Branched chain ela
These Polymers Gorton nears chouina nari
Lome branches+
ex, Low dense’ fhene Ch d Pe)
brytoacisvof
N Hy =H 1200-1200 i, ;
280 - Fo wo ocansihy Prtythenc .
O2 ow ok ae CHO Cwss linked or Netork rR !
“These ade ws free fone fro~ bi-funchone/
Omd Aet- fon ‘ono monomers L Contato stw
Covolent bonds befpween Vastors Mn polymer
chaln. ek: Pokelte, melamine e&:
Eten eae ea
at
LD? Clasrcfeation bored upon vrnptecnton force:
Edostomers :
Polyraeré 00 whith the entermoke wlar feaces of
athsahion befween the polyenes chun age weakut
axe Called elarfemers-
—> These ae rubber ke solids with ehostec
Proper ties-
ex- pPruna-S, Buna-W. Neoprene ae
Gu Fe bres : Polyroert tn which the tnfervrotewar
forces of “atfroction ase the strongest ae
colled fy bees:
—> These forves ase etther due to pH- bono)
olipole-dipode attrah dn, e
er- Nylon - br 6 CPotyava'ote ) — H bonoting.
ah- Docyon Cpoty ester) — bipele ~ Aipete attra bin.
7 LUO are the thread forming codcds n3hy'oh
beg ten stle shiecgth 4g hgh eel ee LIE
or diy Thea-mophastte :
Plymess tn wuch the intermote war fortes
af attrathior age oo betwen elastomers €
Ar bata
> The platic are hood at worn temp gut toft
wher heoted yewuse (he Cnelt'violinsA chet
gan SAips on one gre ther ot elevateol fer?
4x~ polythene » prtystyrent - Pvc, Teflon ef.
Gy Thea settry potynecs
= 5 Vong. gag cd croptertals Can. Be obtatnsol of FAL
pelgraen owns ase cyost Linked +
ag ore en axe cyou-Linkeel &
aw le a
> There can't Ge re meol +
et. Aokelite, aaen— fooro blotyele testn.
envy Sranhed €? Classificedtiion based 0
1. Free Radlk mechanism
2 Cotton'c —mechow'sn
2. AoW e mechanism,
LT. Bee radical mechanis ;
Alkene, Atkacienes & they Lenin Att PLY ren sed
to pretence of fee soll titi ntor UKE benzoyl
Peyoxtole- dert- butyl Pernice et:
ex. Hr=CHy , CHa-H= Ay 2 Ga = Aen = Hy ek:
> pote intcadttig sep
Cote- Eo -0-b-¢e He 2 cone -E-8 S 2 C6 He + coy
Ce He + eta =H —> CoHr—H2- Hy, |
chain propegobin Step: |
CoH -etla hy, += > CoHS~Ha—h, -U2-ty, |
COWS “CH Ha ~eny-Eny + oh = tn > COME Edn Fay
chain termination step
Cos thon $M ha Cy Ene CGH Tq
Coby €Chg Ch Fo MU toy os Lg ety yp Cope
O
2. Catliome mechawhm:
3 Alkend& Aaving etetwn releasing TOP 2 pobyme rise
”y Catone mechants. ed. cy, = eH BH,
3- Artomte roethaniin | . z
prkenes having etectoo withdrawl Op ae polymers
ay an Oe tel pees ek Ya = wae 1 EN ROE Ee AM Ste TL gre te agtagee a aed ek et
< Classufieation based on mocle of poly ot
on Leo 0 Woke of men sot on }
Adolit'on polyeer or Chui growth :
my. me Oe yO ITH) poly ener
The addthior portyerers are form eo! oa
Sepeateol addlfon of monomers ue have’
double os triple yond: wo
&e.
Ly = Hr) > £4 Hg,
Efhone jhe
Podyethene
2 .nCcw. ccy—c) 7 f
Hy Le, nt,
Ucogk chlo nde. Potzutingl chlanlaCPye)
2. Teflon ( Poly detea Lluow efryere— PTFE)
n fateh pesetphole ate fe
Lebelner? oo ONE) ye
on
etry “Teton.
hertlan
4: Poy acrylonitrile (p40) , Deden-s°
7 ctracep men LEE ete OF
ee ie
acrylo rifole Orton
5 Po: i ne
n CHa =u-Ph ——_? semis
Cer pray ay Condensottoo polymer £ step qrowth pobperess)
The Condensation wer are fore aepeotenl
Condensation seorbln yedween puso Mf gent
bie frnctro ned o> dar. fucrhonal amonomer!C Unt'th-
>To these polymenisob'or geaction. the elirtn ohn
of gam wmolewmles such of 1207 aliohel Wing, Hel
ete. takes place
Ex 1 Nylons b*
| ND Hon CHa Nr +n Ho0l <4, —7
Herorm ethylene Acli'pre quad |
arr dn @
tun secngse wh Eteanr, 85.
nylon -6, 6 °
Cheude LUnkese)
4 Myon -6*
HW 0 : .
n a he DAM {agzeon oat mea
Copwoloctuw fuse ken eb wr dens)
wyton—6
3. Nylon—6 Le?
aan + Yonl€My Fp COON +3 fiw gen gun been yl
egos aie: Seongie ae, Wydon-bi Lo» 4
! %q- Doe / Terglene/ my ore |
WO-Ms-en 0 |
7G Myiak wee <2) i > mceyo- bar, |
Ted plhale “Dacvr/ Texlee)
aud: S: Glyptol:
bo
n Ho-aiy-ea,con t 9 LOL, > fo-iny-ty,-0 bot =F
; nD
6 lyptot :
G. phenol formololehyde peymers -
Hu 2
hon the? Gre Gynt, eB
on
Ci) Novaloc gt cso Miner polymer of eS
a phenol. on
- f cao, OH, fe ae apy ey",
Novotac
CY Pokelte 94 ts cross —tokeed
peace ciabced amet
aa an
tah
finkolhirte. |
Z Urea - forenal. Resins
te Mae +H
Oo
L
dy > few wreaks os |
n Ulan me reag |
10H —_, fh Gn om 8. melamine - formaldehyde polyenty :
aly re ee
2% eS
Oa.
SL Plyeacntio
i: % " =
mMetoren'oe ope
Ymer € having clonhe
Properties.
> Naturd rubber! 9¢ C1 0 rene p
form of Ceoprene C2-meftur(~ 1) ~ bude Aly
Ws eS
. Me =e cy cy, Ps ow
Hy Eee
mer Of CeK
‘ene) +
Oopeene Pe “ny, i
= ie hop rene
Nartured wty bey
Nett Gutta acho: Trans pro of Wopaene 4 colle
Gutte pascal donbrt used it jy f Ling be 4eeth)
K Vileam'2atin ’
Row rubber does rot have the propert'es of rubhbar
With whith we are familar, Tr Osler 4o give
At strength & dostuty, ct 1s vilcamz eof. Tn the
Val canizoAvn proce, row rhb (s mixed volt,
Smoll amountof Slphur £ heoted. Use Of exteanaf
Sulphur tnegeases the erosr-tinkira and Lo ney) ;
1-37 Of Sulphus ps nseol th subbes banc aor.
Sulphur (4 wreal jn ty re abba.
m
ty bey eg
Eh
ot oh
3
% igndtetic rubber:
gntoetve mbhber ve subber MWke Polymer 4
WM Cr Crpnrsle Of getty stretched 4,
fice tt Meth . However (t yetuans fo onginad
Poe A Soon ay exfesnal st ly fo ete th 4. weopaene af ‘
CHy = EME My > fem b=“ F,
CH ro paene Neoprene:
|
2 Buna-W:
YD Hy =H-hachg + 1 =
= h— cy
13- Bubsolr'ene herylow/tné
w
Lm-u= cn, 0H, -d,,
Bunaw. ef
3. Buna-s:
My SUn- tn = Oy Moy Ory Ma
Ds
3 i! = Revdegradpble petlyme =
Tedraaile pie are a speuhe type of polyren
thle pranks davon! afer (tA indlencledl puapose bf!
bacterval decoryo' on proces 40 FON to naturch ¢
prowech such af Gre Cee Me), woter & to Cag ant soll,
—> Miphatre polyester ase one Of the timp 90 tant
Clast of bio degoadesle polymers.
ey Poly A-rydrony budge ode 2 Bele valerate (Fv):
on
Cty Ley, coon + gta CH Cy, Loon =
LO-W ~*~
Ci de 0s
PuBV .
@ Mylon-a-nyton-6 :
Nydon-2: agonist ;
7D Ha V-My-to0n Hw {inj E04 q
Fly cdine Arti pwie
aun
hay 5 Cn ZOF, Name(s
Formula
CH2=CH2
Film wrap, Plastic
Poly vinyl chloride (PVC)
(vinyl chloride)
Polyethy
| fon deeay (LOPE) ~{CHe-CHa)n— (ethylene) Bags
= Electrical insulation
Pol CH2=CH2
thigh dere (HDPE)) | “(CH2-CHa)o- (ethylene) bottles, toys
CH. Manufacture of
Polypropylene i ° CHe=CHCHs raped ove. pose
(PP) different grades foH—cH,} (propylene) fibres etc.
a Manufacture of rain
$ CHe=CHCI coats, hand bags,
vinyl flooring, water
Pipes etc.
| Poly vinylidene chloride
(Saran A)
CH:=CChe
(Vinylidene chloride)
Seat covers, films &
fibers
As insulator,
i rial,
Polystyrene CHa=CHCsHs manufactures of
(Styron) (styrene) toys, radio and
Television cabinets
wy
Polyacrylonitrile CH=CHCN Rugs, Blankets
(PAN, Orlon, Acritan) ess (acrylonitrile) clothing
Polytetrafiuoroethylene ~(CF2-CF2), (CF2=CF2 Non-stick surfaces
(PTFE, Teflon) 2 (tetrafluoroethylene) —_| electrical insulation
Poly methy measryate a
. Lighting covers,
(PMMA, Lucite, CHe=C(CHs)CozcHs_| Ui
Plexiglas, AACH2C(CHs) COC Hs) (methylmethacryiatey | Signs
perspex) skylights
Poly vinyl acetate 5 CH=CHOCOCHs | Latex paints,
(PVAc) GICHOCOC HIE | (any actin Adhesives
Naural Ra “Phe cH-C(CHe} CHa ChescH CH (cH =CHe ee tor
is isoprene ‘
practical use
‘Synthetic rubber, oi
Neopiig AICH2CH=CoLcHy, | CHe=CH-cciscHe | resrstan Seal,
(chloroprene) gaskets, hoses &
conveyor belts
SBR. siyrene butadiene | {CHe-GH-CHeCH=CH-CH,F Tyres, flooriles,
rubber (Buna-S) foot wear & cable
insulation
Nitrile Rubber (Buna-N)
“CHa GH-CHeCH=CH-CHa)-
Making oil seals,
tank lining and
hoses HOZC Cells COH
(Terephthalic acid) Fabric,
HO-CHaCH>-OH ‘Tyrecord
Ethylene glycol
HO2C—CeHs-CO2H
(Phthalic acid) aa
HO-CH2CH2-OH
~[CO(CH2)sCO-NH(CHz)eNH]~ tani oer
g HOOC-{CH2)e-COOH
C{CHa)e)-C-NH-{CH,)e-NHY HaN—(CH2)e-NH2
Rope &
~{CO(CHa)sNH}i~ Co 4
NH __Caprolactam Tyee
Electrical
oe ‘Switch, combs,
Ha Handle of
4 He} PhOH + HCHO in (excess) Utensils,
: ‘computer
discs and
Bowing Balls
roskabh
unbreakable
HaN-CO-NH2 (Urea)
(CNH-CO-NEE CHa" HCHO (Formaldehyde) a
sheets.
Fal NF
HN-Y -HN-CH 7 ged
tr NSN motamine) bpachiog
NH NH, ene
! m | (formaldehyde)
i iv, \-4 Para HO2C-CeHs-COHH
rear We Para HaN-CeHe-NHe ve:
Wf Ad,
Oe Meta HOzC-CeHi-COzH
Pojyamide Nomex y \ Meta HaN-CeHe-NHz
H Hy
HOGH:CH:O
Hs Hy < Foams, Shoes,
Automobile
1k seats and
I ‘components
ho DCH om Ss,
ge a (HO-CoHts-)2C(CHs)2 Bike helmet,
po (Bisphenol A) goggles, bullet
ba Xe0=0 (X = OCHS or Cl) proof glass
= In Sh aleion PY8
Cheese the coasect ophion(s7 from the fellowteg :
(BTepton cu prepooeo by heating efyn f nor efhene
'
Dion ose of a perculp Ante cooly? aft Mob prersure
R :
®) No turk rbber a pou tsoprene contod tng tans
alkene unt.
(2 Nylon 6 hd amile Linkage.
o@
? Cetludnse hor 9 x- D-9/neo4e Units thot
Fie joinedl 4 Thy caitic ankeges.
Wet’ 9
™y Moh mer hod Ded? aro r0nres(D 2
(A) Buna-NV (7 puay Nenpire & Ny-ton—b-&
cet
% joht'rh one of fhe following pipes ik prepaeeel
“4 adoihoo pocpeceres rhs?
HW 7eflon ® Nylon-& 6 O Novell ? Dac