PATHFIT 3

CHAPTER 1: BADMINTON (It’s Origin)

What is Badminton?

It consists of 2 to 4 players (singles or doubles).

BRIEF HISTORY:

 Badminton was first called as Poona. It was developed from a children’s game called battledore and
shuttlecock.
 Originally played without a net.
 1860, when some British officers in India who were stationed at ‘Kirkee’ near the city of ‘Poona’ (now known as
Pune City) used to play a game which was very similar to badminton and the game was known as ‘Poona’.
 The soldiers played with Battledore (Paddles). When these British soldiers returned back home at Gloustershire
County in the 1870’s, they continued to play this ‘Poona’ badminton game.
 In 1873, the Duke of Beaufort held a lawn party in his country place, called Badminton.
 The year 1877, ‘Bath Badminton Club’, the first badminton club ever, was formed and also the first set of rules
were developed.

RACQUET

 The frame of the racket, including the handle, is not to exceed 680 mm (26.75 inches) in overall length, and 230
mm (9 inches) in overall width.

SHUTTLE, SHUTTLECOCK, BIRD, BIRDIE

 Must have 14-16 feathers.

SHOES

 Shoes are worn to allow players to move quickly across the court, and to give them traction for quick
movements.

NET

 The Badminton World Federation’s Laws of Badminton provide specific standards for net height, width, and
construction.
 Net must measure 5 ft high in the center, and 5 ft 1 inch at the sides.
 Net should measure 30 inches from bottom to top, and must consists of a uniform, dark colored mesh.
 Net should have a white tape running along the top to make the net’s full height visible to players.

COURT

 Shall be a rectangle laid out with lines of 40 mm wide, preferably in white or yellow color.
 The Badminton Court Dimensions are of 13.4 m in length and 6.1 m in width.

TERMS DEFINITIONS
Backhand Stroke A stroke made from the non-racquet hand side.
Balk Any deceptive movement which disconcerts an opponent before or during service.
Bird/Birdie The shuttlecock, projective used in playing Badminton.
Carry Momentary resting of shuttle on racquet during shot execution- ILLEGAL
Clear High, deep shot to the back boundary line.
Combination Doubles Using both side by side and up and back strategy in doubles play.
Deception Out witting one’s opponent with deception stroking through change of direction and/or
speed of shuttle.
Drive Fast, low shot with horizontal flight pattern.
Drop Shot Finesse stroke hit with little speed and falling close to the net.
Fault Infraction of the rules resulting in forfeiture of service if committed by server and a point if
committed by the receiver.
 Forehand Stroke A stroke made on the racquet hand side.
Game Official game is 21.
Inning A side’s turn to serve.
In Play The bird is in play from the time it is hit by the server until it hits the floor, body or clothing
of a player, or until a fault has been committed.
“In” Side Playing/team having the right t serve.
Kill The shot that makes a return impossible, also called a smash, usually very fast, aiming down
at the opponent’s floor in a straight direct manner.
Let Permitting a serve to be taken over, because of an unforeseen hindrance coming in the way
to the player, or inability to determine if hit was in or out.
Lob A high clear, the bird is raised high and lands in the back court.
Long, High Serve A high clear serve. Used more in singles, enables you to return to your home position.
Love No score.
Match Winning 2 out of 3 games.
“Out” Player or side receiving the service.
Overhand Hit Hit used in returning a bird from a point overhead, should be contacted slightly in front of
the body.
Rally A return of the bird several times.
Rush the Serve Quick move to the net in attempt to smash/put away a low serve.
Short Serve Refers to the flight of the bird. Sometimes called soft serve, lands close to the service line
and is close to the net as well.
Shuttlecock Bird, birdie- projectile used in Badminton.
Side by side Strategy where players play their “side” of the court.
Smash A bird hit forcefully down at opponent’s court, similar to a spike in volleyball.
Throw A shot where the bird is carried or thrown by the racquet-illegal
Up and back Strategy where partners are either playing the front or the back of the court.

Badminton Etiquette

1. Introduce yourself to your partner and opponent.

2. Call faults promptly and fairly, compliment opponents or partners good shots.
3. Do not ask spectators to help with decision, avoid distraction.
4. Avoid repeated replays, avoid making excuses for poor shots.
5. If you are serving, call the score before EACH point,
6. No swearing, complaining, criticizing or equipment abuse.
7. Warm up with your opponent.
8. Check that the receiver is ready before serving.
9. Call “no shot” when you fault by carrying, slinging or throwing the shuttle.
10. Retrieve shuttles on your side of the net. Hit or toss them gently to where they will be initiating their serve.
11. Do not interfere with play on adjoining courts.
12. Shake hands with your opponent upon completion of game or match.
13. Report score and return equipment to proper place at end of class.

Safety

1. Take equipment only when instructed to do so, stop playing on the whistle.
2. DO NOT GOLF the birdie, bend over to pick it up.
3. Retrieve the bird on adjoining court when play is stopped.
4. Call shots that could be taken by either player.
5. Racquets are NOT to be tossed in the air or dropped.
6. All the equipment needs to be put away when not in use.
CHAPTER 3: FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS

Here are the 7 basic badminton skills that you can learn without coaching.

1. Grip – A proper grip will allow you to play both backhand and forehand stokes effortlessly.
 Push the index finger forward while playing FOREHAND STROKES.
 Push the thumb forward while playing BACKHAND STROKES.
2. Stance – The stance is how you stand while playing badminton both in between a rally and before the serve.
 Attacking Stance
 It is used to get into position before playing an overhead forehand stroke. To stand in the
attacking stance turn your body facing sidelines with racket leg behind and both leg s shoulder
width apart.
 Defensive Stance
 To defend the opponent’s smash, you need to be prepared with the defensive stance. Face the
body to the net and place your racket in front at waist height, slightly pointing forward.
 Net stance
 This stance is to be ready for the opponent’s return after playing a net shot. To play this shot,
place your foot on the racket side forward while keeping non racket foot at the back.
3. Footwork – Footwork plays a huge role in helping an effective and organized movement on the court.
 Always remember the base
 Move only 2-3 steps backhand
 Shuffle only 1 step sideward
 Move only 2-3 steps front
4. Serve – Service is among the basic skill that you need to master in badminton.
 High serve
 High serve aims to the back and end corner of the opponent’s court.
 Low serve
 Unlike high serve, the low serve aims to the front of the court.
5. Smash – Smash is the most potent and powerful stroke in badminton which naturally turns out to be the most
familiar term to all. 3 types of smashes:
 Forehand smash
 The forehand is and overhead smash which is like the action of throwing a ball.
 Backhand smash
 This is one of the strongest strokes in badminton, and even experts face difficulty in playing the
stroke. To execute this stroke, getting the backhand grip is extremely important.
 Jumping smash
 A forehand smash with a timed jump added to its counts under jumping smash.
6. Drop shot – Badminton drop shots are delicate badminton shots that can win you points that aim at scoring
points in deception. Played with both backhand and forehand, these are used to move the opponent to the
frontcourt.

CHAPTER 4: BADMINTON

History and Development

 A game with a shuttlecock is widely believed to have originated in ancient Greece about 2000
years ago.
 In Medieval England, a children’s game called Battledore and Shuttlecock was popular.
 In 1860’s, British Army officers in India, included a net in the game of Battledore and
Shuttlecock. The game was known as Poona at that time.
 The British Army officers brought this game to England and played it in the estate of the Duke of
Beaufort called “Badminton House”

1877 The Bath Badminton Club, the first badminton club in the world, wrote down the rules of badminton
for the first time
1893 The Badminton Association of England (BAE) printed and circulated the first proper set of rules,
 similar to that of today.
1899 All England Open Badminton Championships, the first organized badminton competition in the world
was conducted by BAE.
1920 British and American emigrants commenced badminton in the Philippines.
1934 The International Badminton Federation (IBF) became the governing body of the sport. Established
with Canada, Denmark, England, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland, and
Wales as its founding members.
1949 The Philippine national rankings produced Adriano Torres, the first national men’s singles champion.
1952 The Philippine Badminton Association (PBA) was created and became the first national badminton
organization originally composed of 28 badminton clubs.
1972 Badminton debuted as a demonstration sport at the Munich Olympics.
1981 A Philippine badminton team competed in the South East Asian games for the first time.
1984 Philippines joined the Thomas Cup for the first time.
1992 Badminton was elevated to being an Olympic medal sport in Barcelona.
Philippines joined the Uber Cup for the first time, resulting in a victory over Tanzania.
1996 Weena Lim became the first Filipino badminton player to qualify and participate in the Atlanta
Olympics.
1997 The Philippines hosted the 1st Asian Juniors Badminton Championships participated by 200 players
from 21 countries.
2001 The Philippines hosted the 1st JVC Open Asian Badminton Championships.
2001-2005 JVC National Open Tournaments were played in malls to encourage more people to play badminton.
2006 The IBF was renamed as Badminton World Federation (BWF).
Start of the Philippine Badminton Open, a BWF sanction tournament.
2008 The mixed doubles team of Kennie and Kennievic Asuncion placed as high as #11 in the world
rankings by the BWF due to their strong performances in international competitions.
2009 The Philippines participated for the first time in the Sudirman Cup World Mixed Team
Championships in Guangzhou, China.
2012 Filipina Paula Lynn Obanana played for team USA in the Uber Cup held in Wuhan, China
Indonesian Rexy Mainaky, the 1995 world champion and 1996 Olympic gold medalist, signed a two
year deal with the Philippine Badminton Association to become its coaching director.

Facilities and Equipment

Court

 A badminton court is rectangular, with clearly marked white lines dividing it into different sections. On
each doubles sideline is a post, which holds the net firm across the center of the court.

Overall Court Dimensions

 Measures 44 feet long and 20 feet wide. The lines along these measurements are the side lines for
doubles and the back boundary line of the court.

Short Service Line

 The short service line is the line 6.5 feet from the line that may be made by the net if the court is seen a
bird’s eye view.

Center Line

 10 feet from the side line for doubles, is the line that runs from the short service line to the back
boundary line.

Side Line for Singles

 The side line for singles is marked 1 foot 4.5 inches from the edge of the side line for doubles.

Side Line for Doubles

 The outermost line at the side marks the side line for doubles.

Back Boundary Line and Long Service Line for Singles

 The outermost line at the end of the court functions as the back boundary line for singles and doubles
and long service line for singles.

Long Service Line for Doubles

  The long Service Line for Doubles is marked 2 feet 4.5 inches inside the back boundary line.

Shuttlecock

 A badminton shuttlecock is made of natural or synthetic material, or a combination of two. There are 16
feathers, all of the feathers are with the same length, and must be between 64 mm and 70 mm.
 The feather tips form a diameter of 58 mm to 68 mm.
 The shuttlecock weight about 5g.

Racket

 The racket frame cannot be longer than 27.2 inches, and the width of the should be 9.2 inches or less.
 The stringed area may not be more than 11.2 inches long and 8.8 inches wide.

Mechanics and Rules of the game

 The object of the game is to get 21 points with at least a two point advantage.

Scoring System

 Each game is played up to 21 points, the match goes to the side that wins the best of three games. If the
score is tied at 20, the side that achieves an advantage of two points wins the game. But, if the score is
still tide at 29, the first side that scores 30 wins.

Intervals and Change of Ends

 Player have a one minute interval when the leading score reaches 11.

Points in Singles

 At the start of the game and when the score is even, the player serves from the right service court and
serves diagonally to the receiver box.

Points in Doubles

 At the start of each game and when score is even, the player serves from the right service court
directing the serve to the diagonal receivers box.

Faults

1. Service is illegal, that is, if:

a) Shuttlecock is struck above the waist level.
b) Shuttlecock does not penetrate the correct court.
c) Racket head is not lower than the serving hand at the instance of the serve.
d) Server lifts one or both feet during service.
e) Server drags his foot.
f) Server feints a serve.
g) Server misses the shuttlecock in attempting to serve; or
h) Server steps on the line or stands outside of the proper court during service.
2. Receiver steps on the line or stands outside of the proper court during service.
3. Receiver does not keep both of his feet in contact with the correct court during service.
4. Shuttlecock drops outside the playing area.
5. A player contacts the net with any part of his body or his implements.
6. A player reaches over the net to hit the shuttle.
7. A player/team hits the shuttle twice in attempting to return.

Lets - a let is a situation that calls for a discontinuity of the rally and therefore, the rally shall be re-served as no
point is gained by either of the players.

1. Player delivers the serve before the receiver is ready.

2. Both the server and the receiver commit faults at the same time.
3. The shuttlecock disintegrates during the rally.
4. The shuttlecock is caught by and remains suspended on top of the net.
Forehand Low service

 Stand near the short service line if serving in doubles, but stand 2-3 feet before the short service line if
serving in singles.
 Swing your racket forward as you bring the shuttlecock closer to meet the racket instead of dropping it
in front.
 Try to make the shuttlecock glide through the top of the net on its flight.

Backhand Low service

 Stand in a comfy and balanced position with your racket in front.

 Execute a short back swing then bring the racket forward to hit the shuttlecock.
 You may shorten your grip for a better control

Flick service

 A flick serve is executed when an opponent has momentum and is on the offensive. Wrist action plays a
very important part in the execution of this serve, on either your forehand or backhand.

Drive service

 This serve can be used in singles and doubles with a forehand underhand action. Stand in a relaxed but
balanced and controlled position, a bit away from the service line.

Shots and Shots Selection

1. Lift/underhand Clear – Hit the shuttlecock in an upward motion causing it to go high and drop to the back of the
opponent’s end.
2. Net Kill - hit the shuttlecock forcibly at the net area forcing it to drive down fast to the opponent’s end.
3. Net shot – Gently push the shuttlecock at the net area, causing it to drop immediately after crossing the net at
the opponent’s frontcourt.

 Drive – hit the shuttlecock at net height causing it to travel flat and with sufficient pace into the
opponent’s midcourt to backcourt area.
 Lift – hit the shuttlecock in an upward motion causing it to go high and drop into the opponent’s
backcourt.
 Push – Hit the shuttlecock softly to moderate pace into the opponent’s frontcourt to midcourt area.
 Smash – Forcefully hit the shuttlecock with an overhead stroke forcing it towards the opponent’s end to
finish the rally.

 Clear/Lob – Hit the shuttlecock high into the opponent’s backcourt.

 Drop shot – Hit the shuttlecock from backcourt causing it to go down immediately after crossing over the net
into the opponent’s frontcourt.
 Smash – Hit the shuttlecock at high speed towards the opponent’s midcourt.

Alley An extension of the court’s sides by 1.5 feet that is used in doubles.
Attacking An offensive short, which is hit deep into the opponent’s court.
clear
Attacker A player who hits numerous smash shots and who uses jumps to compel the opposing team into a
defensive formation.
Back Alley The area between the back boundary line and the long service line for doubles.
Backcourt The back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.
Backhand A stroke executed at the players non racket side. The opposite of forehand.
Balk Any deceptive movement that attempts to fool or deceive an opposing player before or during the
service. It is also called a feint.
Baseline The back boundary line that marks the end of the court. It runs parallel to the net.
Base position The center of an end of the court to which a player returns to after a shot.
Bird See shuttlecock
Block return A return shot that drops quickly over the net because it was not hit with much force.
Bringer A player who returns all shots that come into his end of the court.
BWF (Badminton World federation) The highest governing body of Badminton.
Carry An illegal stroke, which happens when the shuttlecock is briefly caught and held on the racket and
then slung over the net. Also called sling or throw.
Center Line The line the separates the left and right service courts.