1. Fig. 1 shows the movement of water through the cells in the root.
a) Identify these following structures labeled X, Y, Z. [3]
b) Explain the effect that the Casparian strip has on the movement of water through the root.
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
2. Fig 2.1 shows transverse sections of a root and a stem.
a) Shade in an area in the transverse section of the root where there are cells specialized for
the transport of water. [1]
b) Shade in an area in the transverse section of the stem where there are cells specialized for
the transport of sucrose. [1]
c) Describe the process by which water passes from the soil into the root hairs.
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d) Plants take in mineral ions through their root hair cells. This may happen by a process which
moves the ions from a low concentration in the soil to a higher concentration in the root
hair cell.
Name and describe this process by which mineral ions are taken in.
Name……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Description……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….[2]
3. a) Figure 3.1 below shows a cactus plant, an example of a xerophyte.
Define the term xerophyte.
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b) Explain one feature, visible in Figure 3.1 that enables the cactus to be a xerophyte?
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….[2]
4. a) Figure 4.1 shows a cross-sectional phloem tissue in plant
What is structure B?
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......[1]
b) Structure B in Fig. 4.1 is involved with the loading of sugars into the phloem sieve tube.
Describe the role of the following membrane proteins in the loading of sugars into the sieve
tube.
i) Proton pumps
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…………..........…………………………………………………………………………………………………………[2]
ii) Cotransporter Protein
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c) The location of source and sinks for sugar transport do not remain constant throughout the
year in a growing plant.
Suggest a possible location for the following during transition winter to early spring while
plant is producing new leaf buds.
i) Source
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…………..........…………………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]
ii) Sink
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…………..........…………………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]
