Vector Worksheet

∎ Exercise-1:
1. Write each vector in the form 𝑎𝐢 + 𝑏𝐣. A E

(a) 𝐴𝐵⃗ (b) 𝐴𝐶⃗ (c) 𝐴𝐷⃗ (d) 𝐴𝐸⃗ (e) 𝐵𝐸⃗ D

(f) 𝐷𝐸⃗ (g) 𝐸𝐴⃗ (h) 𝐷𝐵⃗ (i) 𝐷𝐶⃗ C

2. Find the magnitude of each of these vectors. B

(a) −2𝐢 (b) 4𝐢 + 3𝐣 (c) 5𝐢 − 12𝐣 (d) −8𝐢 − 6𝐣

(e) 7𝐢 + 24𝐣 (f) 15𝐢 − 8𝐣 (g) −4𝐢 + 4𝐣 (h) 5𝐢 − 10𝐣

3𝑎 2𝑎 + 1 𝑏+𝑎
3. Find the values of a and b such that 5 + =6 .
𝑏 2 2
4. 𝐩 = 8𝐢 − 6𝐣, 𝐪 = −2𝐢 + 3𝐣 and 𝐫 = 10𝐢. Find:

(a) 2𝐪 (b) 2𝐩 + 𝐪 (c) 𝐩 − 3𝐫 (d) 𝐫 − 𝐩 − 𝐪.

5. 𝐩 = 9𝐢 + 12𝐣, 𝐪 = 3𝐢 − 3𝐣 and 𝐫 = 7𝐢 + 𝐣. Find:

(a) |𝐩 + 𝐪| (b) |𝐩 + 𝐪 + 𝐫|

6. 𝐩 = 7𝐢 − 2𝐣 and 𝐪 = 𝐢 + 𝜇𝐣. Find 𝜆 and 𝜇 such that 𝜆𝐩 + 𝐪 = 36𝐢 − 13𝐣.

7. 𝐚 = 5𝐢 − 6𝐣, 𝐛 = −𝐢 + 2𝐣 and 𝐜 = −13𝐢 + 18𝐣. Find 𝜆 and 𝜇 such that 𝜆𝐚 + 𝜇𝐛 = 𝐜.

8. Vectors a, b and c are such that a = ,b= and c = .

(i) Given that |a| = |b − c|, find the possible values of 𝑦.

(ii) Given that 𝜇(b + c) + 4(b − c) = λ(2b − c), find the value of 𝜆 and 𝜇.

9. Vectors a, b and c are such that a = ,b = and c =

(i) Show that |a| = |b + c|.

(ii) Given that 𝜆a + μb = 7c, find the value of 𝜆 and 𝜇.

10. It is given that a = ,b = and c = .

(i) Find |a + b + c|.

(ii) Find 𝜆 and 𝜇 such that 𝜆a + μb = c.

FAISAL MIZAN 1
∎ Exercise-2 (Magnitude ⇆ Vector):
1. Find the unit vector in the direc on of each of these vectors.

(a) 6𝐢 + 8𝐣 (b) 5𝐢 + 12𝐣 (c) −4𝐢 − 3𝐣 (d) 8𝐢 − 15𝐣 (e) 3𝐢 + 3𝐣

2. (a) The vector 𝐴𝐵⃗ has a magnitude of 20 units in the direc on to the vector 4𝐢 + 3𝐣. Find 𝐴𝐵⃗ .

(b) The vector 𝑃𝑄⃗ has a magnitude of 39 units in the direc on to the vector 12𝐢 − 5𝐣. Find 𝑃𝑄⃗ .
15
(c) Find the vector which is in the opposite direc on to and has a magnitude of 8.5 .
−8
3. The vector 𝑂𝐴⃗ has a magnitude of 25 units in the direc on to the vector −3𝐢 + 4𝐣.

The vector 𝑂𝐵⃗ has a magnitude of 26 units in the direc on to the vector 12𝐢 + 5𝐣. Find:

(a) 𝑂𝐴⃗ (b) 𝑂𝐵⃗ (c) 𝐴𝐵⃗ (d) 𝐴𝐵⃗

4. The vector 𝐩 has magnitude 39 and is in the direc on −5𝐢 + 12𝐣. The vector 𝐪 has magnitude 34 and is

in the direc on 15𝐢 − 8𝐣.

(a) Write both 𝐩 and 𝐪 in terms of 𝐢 and 𝐣, (b) Find the bearing of 𝐩 and 𝐪.

(c) Find the magnitude of 𝐩 + 𝐪 and the angle this vector makes with the posi ve 𝑥-axis.

(d) Find the bearing of 𝐩 + 𝐪.

5. You are given that 𝐢 is a unit vector due east and 𝐣 is the unit vector due north. Three vectors, 𝒂, 𝐛 and 𝐜

are in the same horizontal plane as 𝐢 and 𝐣 and are such that 𝐚 + 𝐛 = 𝐜. The magnitude and bearing of 𝐚

are 5 and 210°. The magnitude and bearing of 𝐜 are 10 and 330°.

(a) Find 𝐚 and 𝐜 in terms of 𝐢 and 𝐣.

(b) Find the magnitude and bearing of 𝐛. [May23/V21/Q6b]

6. (a) A car travels north-east with a speed of 18√2 km/h. Find the velocity vector of the car.

(b) A boat sails on a bearing of 030° with a speed of 20 km/h. Find the velocity vector of the boat.

(c) A plane flies on a bearing of 240° with a speed of 100 m/s. Find the velocity vector of the plane.

7. (a) A car with speed a speed of 26 km/h travels in the direc on 5𝐢 − 12𝐣. Find the velocity.

(b) A boat has a speed of 58 km/h & travels in the direc on −21𝐢 + 20𝐣. Find the velocity.

(c) A plane flies 85 m/s in the direc on −8𝐢 − 15𝐣. Find the velocity.

8. Find the speed when:

(a) 𝑣 = (−24𝐢 + 7𝐣) km/h, (b) 𝑣 = (−12𝐢 − 5𝐣) km/h, (c) 𝑣 = (15𝐢 + 8𝐣) km/h,

FAISAL MIZAN 2
9. (a) In this ques on, 𝐢 is a unit vector due east and 𝐣 is a unit vector due north.

A cyclist rides at a speed of 4 ms on a bearing of 015°.

Write the velocity vector of the cyclist in the form 𝑥𝐢 + 𝑦𝐣, where 𝑥 and 𝑦 are constants.

(b) A vector of magnitude 6 on a bearing of 300° is added to a vector of magnitude 2 on a bearing of 230° to

give a vector 𝐯. Find the magnitude and bearing of 𝐯. [May22/V22/Q6]

10. Vectors 𝐢 and 𝐣 are unit vectors parallel to the 𝑥-axis and 𝑦-axis respec vely.

(a) The vector 𝐯 has a magnitude of 3√5 units and has the same direc on as 𝐢 − 2𝐣. Find 𝐯 giving your answet in

the form 𝑎𝐢 + 𝑏𝐣, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are integers.

(b) The velocity vector 𝑤 makes an angle of 30° with the posi ve 𝑥-axis and is such that |𝑤| = 2. Find 𝑤 giving

your answer in the form √𝑐 𝐢 + 𝑑𝐣, where 𝑐 and 𝑑 are integers. [May17/V12/Q3]

∎ Exercise-3: HW Ex
1. A par cle starts at a point 𝑃 with posi on vector (−80𝐢 + 60𝐣) m rela ve to an origin 𝑂.

The par cle travels with velocity (12𝐢 − 16𝐣) m/s.

(a) Find the speed of the par cle.

(b) Find the posi on vector of the par cle a er:

(i) 1 second, (ii) 2 seconds, (iii) 3 seconds,

(c) Find the posi on vector of the par cle 𝑡 seconds a er leaving 𝑃.

2. A helicopter flies from a point 𝑃 with posi on vector (50𝐢 + 100𝐣) km to a point 𝑄. The helicopter flies

with a constant velocity of (30𝐢 − 40𝐣) km/h and takes 2.5 hours to complete the journey. Find the posi on

vector of the point 𝑄.

3. At 12 00 hours, a ship leaves a point 𝑄 with posi on vector (10𝐢 + 38𝐣) km rela ve to an origin 𝑂.

The ship travels with velocity (6𝐢 − 8𝐣) km/h.

(a) Find the speed of the ship, (b) Find the posi on vector of the ship at 3 pm,

(c) Find the posi on vector of the ship 𝑡 hours a er leaving 𝑄,

(d) Find the me when the ship is at the point with posi on vector (61𝐢 − 30𝐣) km.

FAISAL MIZAN 3
4. At 12 00 hours, a tanker sails from a point 𝑃 with posi on vector (5𝐢 + 12𝐣) km rela ve to an origin 𝑂.

The tanker sails south-east with a speed of 12√2 km/h.

(a) Find the velocity vector of the tanker,

(b) Find the posi on vector of the tanker at (i) 14 00 hours, (ii) 12 45 hours,

(c) Find the posi on vector of the tanker 𝑡 hours a er leaving 𝑃.

5. At 12 00 hours, a boat sails from a point 𝑃. The posi on vector, 𝐫 km, of the boat rela ve to an origin 𝑂,
10 5
𝑡 hours a er 12 00 is given by 𝐫 = +𝑡 .
6 12
(a) Write down the posi on vector of the point 𝑃, (b) Write down the velocity vector of the boat.

(c) Find the speed of the boat, (d) Find the distance of the boat from 𝑃 to 𝑄 a er 4 hours.

6. At 15 00 hours, a submarine departs from point 𝐴 and travels a distance of 120 km to a point 𝐵. The posi on
15 + 8𝑡
vector, 𝐫 km, of the submarine rela ve to an origin 𝑂, 𝑡 hours a er 15 00 is given by 𝐫 = .
20 + 6𝑡
(a) Write down the posi on vector of the point 𝐴, (b) Write down the velocity vector of the submarine,

(c) Find the posi on vector of the point 𝐵.

7. At 12 00 hours two boats, 𝐴 and 𝐵, have posi on vectors (−10𝐢 + 40𝐣) km and (70𝐢 + 10𝐣) km and

are moving with veloci es (20𝐢 + 10𝐣) km/h and (−10𝐢 + 30𝐣) km/h respec vely.

(a) Find the posi on vectors of 𝐴 and 𝐵 at 15 00 hours,

(b) Find the distance between 𝐴 and 𝐵 at 15 00 hours.

8. At me 𝑡 = 0, boat 𝑃 leaves the origin and travels with velocity (3𝐢 + 4𝐣) km/h. Also, at me 𝑡 = 0,

Boat 𝑄 leaves the point with posi on vector (−10𝐢 + 17𝐣) km and travels with velocity (5𝐢 + 2𝐣) km/h.

(a) Write down the posi on vectors of boats 𝑃 and 𝑄 a er 2 hours,

(b) Find the distance between 𝑃 and 𝑄 when 𝑡 = 2.

9. In this ques on, 𝐢 is a unit vector due east and 𝐣 is a unit vector due north. Distances are measured in
kilometres and me is measured in hours. At 09 00, ship 𝐴 leaves a point 𝑃 with posi on vector 5𝐢 + 16𝐣 rela ve
to an origin 𝑂. It sails with a constant speed of 6√3 on a bearing of 120°.
(a) Show that the velocity vector of A is 9𝐢 − 3 √3𝐣.
(b) Find the posi on vector of 𝐴 at 12 00.
(c) At 11 00 ship 𝐵 leaves a point 𝑄 with posi on vector 29𝐢 + 16𝐣. It sails with constant velocity −12√3𝐣. Write
down the posi on vector of 𝐵, t hours a er it starts sailing.

FAISAL MIZAN 4
(d) Find the distance between the two ships at 12 00. [May22/21/Q8]
10. (a) Par cle 𝐴 starts from the point with posi on vector and travels with speed 26 ms in the

direc on of the vector . Find the posi on vector of 𝐴 a er 𝑡 seconds.

(b) At the same me, par cle 𝐵 starts from the point with posi on vector . It travels with speed 20 ms at

an angle of 𝛼 above the posi ve 𝑥 −axis, where tan 𝛼 = . Find the posi on vector of 𝐵 a er t seconds.

(c) Hence find the me at which 𝐴 and 𝐵 meet, and the posi on where this occurs. [Nov22/23/Q8]
11. (i) A par cle 𝐴 travels with a speed of 6.5ms in the direc on −5𝐢 − 12𝐣. Find the velocity 𝒗𝑨 , of 𝐴.

(ii) A par cle 𝐵 travels with velocity 𝒗𝑩 = 12𝐢 − 9𝐣. Find the speed in, ms , of 𝐵.

Par cle 𝐴 starts moving from the point with posi on vector 20𝐢 − 7𝐣. At the same me par cle 𝐵 starts

moving from the point with posi on vector −67𝐢 + 11𝐣.

(iii) Find 𝒓 , the posi on vector of 𝐴 a er 𝑡 seconds, and 𝒓𝑩 , the posi on vector of 𝐵 a er 𝑡s.

(iv) Find the me when the par cles collide and the posi on vector of the point of collision.

12. A par cle 𝑃 is moving with a velocity of 20 ms in the same direc on as .

(i) Find the velocity vector of 𝑃.

At me 𝑡 = 0s, 𝑃 has posi on vector rela ve to a fixed point 𝑂.

(ii) Write down the posi on vector of 𝑃 a er 𝑡 s.

A par cle 𝑄 has posi on vector rela ve at 𝑂 at me 𝑡 = 0s and has a velocity vector ms .

(iii) Given that 𝑃 and 𝑄 collide, find the value of 𝑡 when they collide and the posi on vector of the point

of collision. [May19/V11/Q5]

∎ Exercise-4:

1. Find 𝐴𝐵⃗ , in the form 𝑎𝐢 + 𝑏𝐣, each of the following:

(a) 𝐴(4, 7) and 𝐵(3, 4) (b) 𝐴(0, 6) and 𝐵(2, −4) (c) 𝐴(3, −3) and 𝐵(6, −2)

(d) 𝐴(7, 0) and 𝐵(−5, 3) (e) 𝐴(−4, −2) and 𝐵(−3, 5) (f) 𝐴(5, −6) and 𝐵(−1, −7).
3
2. (a) 𝑂 is the origin, 𝑃 is the point (1, 5) and 𝑃𝑄⃗ = . Find 𝑂𝑄⃗ .
5
−2
(b) 𝑂 is the origin, 𝐸 is the point (−3, 4) and 𝐸𝐹⃗ = . Find the posi on vector of 𝐹.
7
3
(c) 𝑂 is the origin, 𝑀 is the point (4, −2) and 𝑁𝑀⃗ = . Find the posi on vector of 𝑁.
−5
3. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴 is −7𝐢 − 7𝐣 and the posi on vector of 𝐵 is 9𝐢 + 5𝐣.

FAISAL MIZAN 5
The point 𝐶 lies on 𝐴𝐵 such that 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 3𝐶𝐵⃗.

(a) Find 𝐴𝐵⃗ , (b) Find the unit vector in the direc on of 𝐴𝐵⃗ , (c) Find the posi on vector of 𝐶.

4. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝑃 is −2𝐢 − 4𝐣 and the posi on vector of 𝑄 is 8𝐢 + 20𝐣.

(a) Find 𝑃𝑄⃗ , (b) Find 𝑃𝑄⃗ ,

(c) Find the unit vector in the direc on of 𝑃𝑄⃗ , (d) Find the posi on vector of 𝑀, the midpoint of 𝑃𝑄.

5. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴 is 4𝐢 − 2𝐣 and the posi on vector of 𝐵 is 𝜆𝐢 + 2𝐣.

The unit vector in the direc on of 𝐴𝐵⃗ is 3𝐢 + 4𝐣. Find the value of 𝜆.
−10 10
6. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴 is and the posi on vectors of 𝐵 is .
10 −11
The points 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 lie on a straight line such that 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 2𝐴𝐵⃗.

(a) Find 𝐴𝐵⃗ , (b) Find the posi on vector of the point 𝐶.
21 24
7. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴 is and the posi on vectors of 𝐵 is .
−20 18
(a) Find: (i) 𝑂𝐴⃗ (ii) 𝑂𝐵⃗ (iii) 𝐴𝐵⃗

(b) The points 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 lie on a straight line such that 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 𝐶𝐵⃗. Find the posi on vector of the point 𝐶.

8. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴 is 3𝐢 − 2𝐣 and the posi on vector of 𝐵 is 15𝐢 + 7𝐣.

The point 𝐶 lies on 𝐴𝐵 such that 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 𝐴𝐵⃗ .

(a) Find 𝐴𝐵⃗ , (b) Find the posi on vector of 𝐶.

9. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴 is 6𝐢 + 6𝐣 and the posi on vector of 𝐵 is 12𝐢 − 2𝐣.

The point 𝐶 lies on 𝐴𝐵 such that 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 𝐴𝐵⃗ .

(a) Find 𝐴𝐵⃗ , (b) Find the posi on vector of 𝐶.

3 5
10. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴 is and the posi on vector of 𝐵 is .
4 5
The points 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are such that 𝐵𝐶⃗ = 2𝐴𝐵⃗ . Find the posi on vector of 𝐶.

11. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴 is −6𝐢 + 4𝐣 and the posi on vector of 𝐵 is 18𝐢 + 6𝐣.

𝐶 lies on the 𝑦-axis and 𝑂𝐶⃗ = 𝑂𝐴⃗ + 𝜆𝑂𝐵⃗. Find 𝑂𝐶⃗ .

12. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝑃 is 8𝐢 + 3𝐣 and the posi on vector of 𝑄 is −12𝐢 − 7𝐣.

𝑅 lies on the 𝑥-axis and 𝑂𝑅⃗ = 𝑂𝑃⃗ + 𝜇𝑂𝑄⃗. Find 𝑂𝑅⃗.

FAISAL MIZAN 6
∎ Exercise-5: (Parallel & Collinear):
1. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are −5𝐢 − 11𝐣, 23𝐢 − 4𝐣 and 𝜆(𝐢 − 3𝐣)

respec vely. Given that 𝐶 lies on the line 𝐴𝐵, find the value of 𝜆.

2. The posi on vectors of points 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶, rela ve to an origin 𝑂, are i + 9j, 5i − 3j and 𝑘(i + 3j)

respec vely, where 𝑘 is a constant. Given that 𝐶 lies on the line 𝐴𝐵, find the value of 𝑘.

3. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vector of 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are −2𝐢 + 7𝐣, 2𝐢 − 𝐣 and 6𝐢 − 𝜆𝐣 respec vely.

(a) Find the value of 𝜆 when 𝐴𝐶 = 17,

(b) Find the value of 𝜆 when 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is a straight line, (c) Find the value of 𝜆 when 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is a right-angle.

4. The posi on vectors of points 𝐴 and 𝐵, rela ve to an origin 𝑂, are 2i + 4j and 6i + 10j respec vely.

The posi on vector of 𝐶, rela ve to 𝑂, is 𝑘i + 25j, where 𝑘 is a posi ve constant.

(a) Find the value of 𝑘 for which the length of 𝐵𝐶 is 25 units.

(b) Find the value of 𝑘 for which 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is a straight line.

5. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vectors of the points 𝐴 and 𝐵 are 2i − 3j and 11i + 42j respec vely.

(a) Write down an expression for 𝐴𝐵⃗ .

The point 𝐶 lies on 𝐴𝐵 such that 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 𝐴𝐵⃗ .

(b) Find the length of 𝑂𝐶⃗ .

The point 𝐷 lies on 𝑂𝐴⃗ such that 𝐷𝐶⃗ is parallel to 𝑂𝐵⃗ .

(c) Find the posi on vector of 𝐷.

6. Rela ve to an origin 𝑂, the posi on vectors of the point 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 and 𝐷 are

6 10 𝑥 12
𝑂𝐴⃗ = , 𝑂𝐵⃗ = , 𝑂𝐶⃗ = and 𝑂𝐷⃗ =
−5 3 𝑦 7

(a) Find the unit vector in the direc on of 𝐴𝐵⃗.

(b) The point 𝐴 is the mid-point of 𝐵𝐶. Find the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.

(c) The point 𝐸 lies on 𝑂𝐷 such that 𝑂𝐸 ∶ 𝑂𝐷 is 1 ∶ 1 + 𝜆. Find the value of 𝜆 such that 𝐵𝐸⃗ is parallel

to the 𝑥-axis. [May21/V21/Q10]

7. Vectors 𝐢 and 𝐣 are unit vectors parallel to the 𝑥-axis and 𝑦-axis respec vely. The vector 𝐩 has a

magnitude of 39 units and has the same direc on as −10𝐢 + 24𝐣.

(a) Find 𝐩 in terms of 𝐢 and 𝐣.

FAISAL MIZAN 7
(b) Find the vector 𝐪 such that 2𝐩 + 𝐪 is parallel to the posi ve 𝑦-axis and has a magnitude of 12 units.

(c) Hence show that |𝐪| = 𝑘√5, where 𝑘 is an integer to be found.

8. The posi on vector of 𝑃 and 𝑄 are (3𝐢 + 4𝐣) and (2𝐢 − 7𝐣) respec vely, referred to a fixed origin 𝑂.

The point 𝑅 divides 𝑃𝑄 internally in the ra o 2: 3. Find, in terms of 𝐢 and 𝐣.

(a) 𝑃𝑄⃗ , (b) 𝑄𝑅⃗,

(c) 𝑇𝑅 is parallel to 𝑂𝑃 and 𝑇 lies on 𝑂𝑄. Find 𝑂𝑇⃗.

∎ Exercise-6:

1. 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛. 𝑅 is the midpoint of 𝑂𝐴 and 𝑂𝑃⃗ = 3𝑂𝐵⃗.

𝐴𝑄⃗ = 𝜆𝐴𝐵⃗ and 𝑅𝑄⃗ = 𝜇𝑅𝑃⃗.

(a) Find 𝑂𝑄⃗ in terms of 𝝀, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(b) Find 𝑂𝑄⃗ in terms of 𝝁, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(c) Hence find the value of 𝝀 and of 𝝁.

2. 𝑂𝑃⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑃𝑌⃗ = 2𝐛, and 𝑂𝑄⃗ = 3𝐛. 𝑂𝑋⃗ = 𝜆𝑂𝑌⃗ and 𝑄𝑋⃗ = 𝜇𝑄𝑃⃗ .

(a) Find 𝑂𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝝀, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(b) Find 𝑂𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝝁, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(c) Hence find the value of 𝝀 and of 𝝁.

3. 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛. 𝐵 is the midpoint of 𝑂𝐷 and 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 𝑂𝐴⃗.

𝐴𝑋⃗ = 𝜆𝐴𝐷⃗ and 𝐵𝑋⃗ = 𝜇𝐵𝐶⃗ .

(a) Find 𝑂𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝝀, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(b) Find 𝑂𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝝁, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(c) Hence find the value of 𝝀 and of 𝝁.

4. The diagram shows a triangle 𝑂𝐴𝐵 such that 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚 and 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛.

The point 𝑃 lies on 𝑂𝐴 such that 𝑂𝑃 = 𝑂𝐴. The point 𝑄 is the mid-point of 𝐴𝐵.

The lines 𝑂𝐵 and 𝑃𝑄 are extended to meet at the point 𝑅.

Find, in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛, (a) 𝐴𝐵⃗ , (b) 𝑃𝑄⃗ .

Give your answer in its simplest form.

It is given that 𝑛𝑃𝑄⃗ = 𝑄𝑅⃗ and 𝐵𝑅⃗ = 𝑘𝐛, where 𝑛 and 𝑘 are posi ve constants.

FAISAL MIZAN 8
(c) Find 𝑄𝑅⃗ in terms of 𝑛, 𝐚 and 𝐛, (d) Find 𝑄𝑅⃗ in terms of 𝑘, 𝐚 and 𝐛.

(e) Hence find the value of 𝑛 and of 𝑘. [May20/V12/Q8]

5. The diagram shows points 𝑂, 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷 and 𝑋.

The posi on vectors of 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 rela ve to 𝑂 are

𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛 and 𝑂𝐶⃗ = 𝐛. The vector 𝐶𝐷⃗ = 3𝐚.

(a) If 𝑂𝑋⃗ = 𝜆𝑂𝐷⃗, express 𝑂𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝝀, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(b) If 𝐴𝑋⃗ = 𝜇𝐴𝐵⃗, express 𝑂𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝝁, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(c) Use your two expressions for 𝑂𝑋⃗ to find the value of 𝝁 and of 𝝀.

(d) Find the ra o , (e) Find the ra o . [Nov17/V23/Q5]

6. In the diagram 𝑂𝑃⃗ = 2𝐛, 𝑂𝑆⃗ = 3𝐚, 𝑆𝑅⃗ = 𝐛 and 𝑃𝑄⃗ = 𝐚. The lines 𝑂𝑅 and 𝑄𝑆 intersect at 𝑋.

(a) Find 𝑂𝑄⃗ in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛.

(b) Find 𝑄𝑆⃗ in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛.

(c) Given that 𝑄𝑋⃗ = 𝜇𝑄𝑆⃗, find 𝑂𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝐚, 𝐛 and 𝜇.

(d) Given that 𝑂𝑋⃗ = 𝜆𝑂𝑅⃗ , find 𝑂𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝐚, 𝐛 and 𝜆.

(e) Find the value of 𝜆 and of 𝜇,

(f) Find the value of , (g) Find the value of . [Nov20/V22/Q9]

7. In the figure, 𝑂𝐿⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝑀⃗ = 𝐛, 𝐿𝑁⃗ = 𝑘𝐛 and 𝐿𝑃 = 𝐿𝑀.

Express in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛.

(a) 𝐿𝑀⃗, (b) 𝐿𝑃⃗, (c) 𝑂𝑃⃗, (d) 𝑀𝑁⃗,

(e) Given that 𝑂𝑃 is parallel to 𝑀𝑁, find the value of 𝑘.

8. 𝐴𝐶 is parallel to 𝑂𝐵, 𝐴𝑋⃗ = 𝐴𝐵⃗, 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛 and 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 𝑚𝐛.

(a) Express 𝐴𝐵⃗ in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(b) Express 𝐴𝑋⃗ in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(c) Express 𝐵𝐶⃗ in terms of 𝐚, 𝐛, and 𝑚.

(d) Given that 𝑂𝑋 is parallel to 𝐵𝐶, find the value of 𝑚.

FAISAL MIZAN 9
9. 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 3𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 4𝐛 and 𝑀 is the midpoint of 𝑂𝐵. 𝑂𝑃 ∶ 𝑃𝐴 = 4 ∶ 3 and 𝐵𝑋⃗ = 𝜆𝐵𝑃⃗.

(a) Find in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛: (i) 𝐴𝐵⃗ , (ii) 𝑀𝐴⃗,

(b) Find in terms of 𝝀, 𝐚 and 𝐛: (i) 𝐵𝑋⃗ , (ii) 𝑀𝑋⃗,

(c) If 𝑀, 𝑋 and 𝐴 are collinear, find the value of 𝝀.

10. In figure, 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛 and 𝑂𝐷⃗ = 𝐛.

The midpoint of 𝐴𝐷 is 𝐸.

(a) Find in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛: (i) 𝐴𝐷⃗ , (ii) 𝑂𝐸⃗ , (iii) 𝐵𝐸⃗ ,

(b) The point 𝐹 is such that 𝑂𝐹⃗ = 𝜆𝑂𝐴⃗. Given that 𝐵, 𝐸 and 𝐹 are collinear. Find 𝐵𝐹⃗ in terms of 𝝀, 𝐚 and 𝐛,

(c) Find the value of 𝝀.

11. In figure-𝟏, 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛,

𝑂𝑃⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝑄⃗ = 𝐛.

Find 𝑂𝐸⃗ in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛.

12. In figure-𝟐, 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛, 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 𝐛,

Find 𝑂𝑃⃗ in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛.

13. In figure-𝟑, 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛, 𝐴𝐶⃗ = 2𝐛,

Find 𝑂𝑃⃗ in terms of 𝐚 and 𝐛.

14. In figure-𝟒, 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝐚, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝐛.

𝐶 is the midpoint of 𝑂𝐴. 𝐶𝐵 is parallel to 𝐴𝑃. Find 𝑂𝑃⃗.

FAISAL MIZAN 10
15. 𝑂𝐴𝐵 is a triangle. The posi on vectors of points 𝐴 and 𝐵 rela ve to the origin 𝑂 are a and b

respec vely. The side 𝐴𝐵 is extended to point 𝐶 such that 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐶.

(a) Show that 𝑂𝐶⃗ = 4𝐛 − 3𝐚.

(b) The point 𝐷 lies on 𝑂𝐴 such that 𝑂𝐷: 𝐷𝐴 is 3: 2. The line 𝐶𝐷 meets 𝑂𝐵 at the point 𝐸. Find the

posi on vector of the point 𝐸.

16. (a) The diagram shows triangle 𝐴𝑂𝐵 such that 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝒂, and 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝒃.

The point 𝐶 lies on the line 𝐴𝐵 such that 𝐴𝐶 ∶ 𝐴𝐵 = 1 ∶ 3. Find the

vector 𝑂𝐶⃗ in terms of a and b, giving your answer in its simplest form.

(b) Given the vector equa on 𝑝 +𝑞 =5 ,

find the values of 𝑝 and 𝑞.

17. (a) The diagram shows triangle 𝑂𝐴𝐶, where 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝑎, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝑏 and 𝑂𝐶⃗ = 𝑐.

The point 𝐵 lies on the line 𝐴𝐶

such that 𝐴𝐵: 𝐵𝐶 = 𝑚: 𝑛, where 𝑚 and 𝑛 are constants.

(i) Write down 𝐴𝐵⃗ in terms of 𝑎 and 𝑏.

(ii) Write down 𝐵𝐶⃗ in terms of 𝑏 and 𝑐.

(iii) Hence show that 𝑛𝑎 + 𝑚𝑐 = (𝑚 + 𝑛)𝑏.

2 −4 4
(b) Given that 𝜆 + (𝜇 − 1) = (𝜆 + 1) , find the value of each of the constants 𝜆 and 𝜇.
1 7 −2
[Nov21/V12/Q7]

18.

The diagram shows the quadrilateral 𝑂𝐴𝐵𝐶 such that 𝑂𝐴⃗ = 𝑎, 𝑂𝐵⃗ = 𝑏 and 𝑂𝐶⃗ = 𝑐. The lines 𝑂𝐵 and

𝐴𝐶 intersect at the point 𝑃, such that 𝐴𝑃: 𝑃𝐶 = 3: 2.

(a) Find 𝑂𝑃⃗ in terms of 𝑎 and 𝑐.

(b) Given also that 𝑂𝑃: 𝑃𝐵 = 2: 3, show that 2𝑏 = 3𝑐 + 2𝑎. [May21/V12/Q3]

FAISAL MIZAN 11
 Answers:

∎ Exercise-1:
[1] (a) 𝐢 − 3𝐣, (b) 3𝐢 − 2𝐣, (c) 4𝐢 − 𝐣, (d) 2𝐢, (e) 𝐢 + 3𝐣, (f) −2𝐢 + 𝐣, (g) −2𝐢, (h) −3𝐢 − 2𝐣, (h) −𝐢 − 𝐣, [2](a) 2,

(b) 5, (c) 13, (d) 10, (e) 25, (f) 17, (g) 4√2, (h) 5√5, [3] 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 2, [4](a) −4𝐢 + 6𝐣, (b) 14𝐢 + 9𝐣, (c) −26𝐢 − 3𝐣,

(d) −𝐢 + 3𝐣, [5](a) 15, (b) √461, [6] −3, 5, [7] 3, −2, [8](a) ±6, (b) 𝜇 = , 𝜆 = , [9](b) 𝜇 = 80.5 , 𝜆 = −49,

[10](a) 25, (b) 𝜇 = −5 , 𝜆 = 4.

∎ Exercise-2:
√
[1](a) (3𝐢 + 4𝐣), (b) (5𝐢 + 12𝐣), (c) − (4𝐢 + 3𝐣), (d) (8𝐢 − 15𝐣), (e) (𝐢 + 𝐣), [2](a) 16𝐢 + 12𝐣,

15
(b) 36𝐢 − 15𝐣, (c) − , [3] (a) −15𝐢 + 20𝐣, (b) 24𝐢 + 10𝐣, (c) 39𝐢 − 10𝐣, (d) 40.3, [4](a) p = −15𝐢 + 36𝐣,
−8
√
q = 30𝐢 − 16𝐣, (b) 337.4°, 118.1°, (c) 53.1°, (d) 036.9°, [5](a) 𝐚 = −2.5𝐢 − 𝐣, 𝐜 = −5𝐢 + 5√3𝐣,

(b) 13.2 , 349.106°, [6](a) (18𝐢 + 18𝐣)km/h, (b) 10𝐢 + 10√3 𝐣 km/h, (c) −50√3 𝐢 − 50𝐣 m/s, [7](a) 10𝐢 − 24𝐣,

(b) −42𝐢 + 40𝐣, (c) −40𝐢 − 75𝐣, [8](a) 25 m/s, (b) 13 m/s, (c) 17 m/s, [9](a) 4 cos 75 𝐢 + 4 sin 75 𝐣, (b) 284.2,

[10](a) 3𝐢 − 6𝐣, (b) √3𝐢 + 𝐣.

∎ Exercise-3:
−80 12
[1] (a) 20 m/s, (b)(i) (−68𝐢 + 44𝐣)m, (ii) (−56𝐢 + 28𝐣)m, (iii) (−44𝐢 + 12𝐣)m, (c) 𝐫 = +𝑡 ,
60 −16
10 6
[2] 125𝐢 km, [3](a) 10 km/h, (b) (28𝐢 + 14 𝐣)km, (c) 𝐫 = +𝑡 , (d) 20 30 hr,
38 −8
5 12
[4](a) (12𝐢 − 12𝐣)km/h, (b)(i) (29𝐢 − 12𝐣)km, (ii) (14𝐢 + 3𝐣)km, (c) 𝐫 = +𝑡 ,
12 −12
[5](a) (10𝐢 + 6𝐣)km, (b) (5𝐢 + 12𝐣)km/h, (c) 13, (d) 52, [6](a) (15𝐢 + 20𝐣)km, (b) (8𝐢 + 6𝐣)km/h,

(c) (111𝐢 + 92𝐣)km, [7](a) (50𝐢 + 70𝐣)km, (40𝐢 + 100𝐣)km, (b) 31.6, [8](a) (6𝐢 + 8𝐣)km, 21𝐣 km, (b) 14.3,

[9](a) 9𝐢 − 3√3𝐣, (b) (5𝐢 + 16𝐣) + 3 9𝐢 − 3√3𝐣 , (c) 29𝐢 + 16𝐣 + 𝑡 −12√3𝐣 , (d) 6km,

3 24 67 16 195 (−5𝐢 − 12𝐣), (ii) 15,

[10](a) +𝑡 , (b) +𝑡 , (c) 𝑡 = 8, , [11](i)
−2 10 −18 12 78
12 1 12 49
(iii) (−67 + 12𝑡)𝐢 + (11 − 9𝑡)𝐣, (iv) 𝑡 = 8, 𝒓 = 5𝐢 − 43𝐣, [12](a) 𝑣 = , (b) + 𝑡, (c) 𝑡 = 4, .
16 2 16 66
∎ Exercise-4:
4 −5 1
[1](a) −𝐢 − 3𝐣, (b) 2𝐢 − 10𝐣, (c) 3𝐢 + 𝐣, (d) −12𝐢 + 3𝐣, (e) 𝐢 + 7𝐣, (f) −6𝐢 − 𝐣, [2](a) , (b) , (c) ,
10 11 3

FAISAL MIZAN 12
[3](a) 16𝐢 + 12𝐣, (b) (4𝐢 + 3𝐣), (c) 5𝐢 + 2𝐣, [4](a) 10𝐢 + 24𝐣, (b) 26, (c) (5𝐢 + 12𝐣), (d) 3𝐢 + 8𝐣, [5] 7,

20 30 22.5
[6](a) , (b) , [7](a)(i) 29, (ii) 30, (iii) 38.1, (b) , [8](a) 12𝐢 + 9𝐣, (b) 7𝐢 + 𝐣,
−21 −32 −1
9 𝟐𝟎
[9](a) 6𝐢 − 8𝐣, (b) 10.5𝐢, [10] , [11] 6𝐣, [12] 𝟕 𝐢.
7
∎ Exercise-5:

[1] 3, [2] 𝑘 = 2, [3](a) −22 or 8, (b) 9, (c) −1, [4](a) 𝑘 = 26, (b) 𝑘 = 16, [5](a) 9𝐢 − 45𝐣, (b) 13, (c) 𝐢 − 2𝐣,

4
[6](a) , (b) 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = −13, (c) , [7](a) 𝐩 = −15𝐢 + 36𝐣, (b) 𝐪 = 30𝐢 − 60𝐣, (c) 30√5, [8](a) −𝐢 − 11𝐣,
√ 8

(b) 𝐢 − 𝐣, (c) 𝐢 − 𝐣.

∎ Exercise-6:

[1](a) (1 − 𝜆)a + 𝜆b, (b) − 𝜇 a + 3𝜇b, (c) , , [2](a) 𝜆(a + 2b), (b) 𝜇a + (3 − 3𝜇)b, (c) , ,

[3](a) (1 − 𝜆)a + 2𝜆b, (b) 𝜇a + (1 − 𝜇)b, (c) , , [4](a) b − a, (b) b − a, (c) 𝑛 b− a ,

(d) + 𝑘 b − a, (e) 𝑛 = 2, 𝑘 = , [5](a) 𝜆( b + 3a), (b) a + 𝜇(b − a), (c) , , (d) , (e) , [6](a) 2b + a,

(b) 2a − 2b, (c) (2𝜇 + 1)a + (2 − 2𝜇)b, (d) 3𝜆a + 𝜆b, (e) 𝜆 = , 𝜇 = , (f) , (g) , [7](a) −a + b,

(b) − a + b, (c) a + b, (d) a + (𝑘 − 1)b, (e) , [8](a) −a + b, (b) − a + b, (c) a + (𝑚 − 1)b, (d) ,

[9](a)(i) −3a + 4b, (ii) 3a − 2b, (b)(i) 𝜆( a − 4b), (ii) 𝜆a + (2 − 4𝜆)b, (c) 0.7, [10](a)(i) −a + b,

(ii) a + b, (iii) a − b, (b) 𝜆a − b, (c) , [11] a + b, [12] a + b, [13] a + b, [14] 2b, [15](b) 𝐛,

[16](a) 𝐚 + 𝐛, (b) 𝑝 = −5, 𝑞 = 20, [17](a)(i) 𝐛 − 𝐚, (ii) 𝐜 − 𝐛, (iii) 𝑛𝐚 + 𝑚𝐜 = (𝑚 + 𝑛)𝐛, (b) 𝜆 = −10

and 𝜇 = 5 , [18](a) 𝐚 + 𝐜,(b) 2𝐛 = 2𝐚 + 3𝐜.

FAISAL MIZAN 13