Data-types in
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Objectives of this session
• To learn about basic data types in C
• To learn how use declare data types in C
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Learning outcomes
• At the end of this session you will learn
• About basic data types in C
• How to declare the basic data types
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Big Picture
• Processor works with finite-sized data
• All data implemented as a sequence of bits
• Bit = 0 or 1
• Represents the level of an electrical charge
• Byte = 8 bits
• Word = largest data size handled by processor
• 32 bits on most older computers
• 64 bits on most new computers
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Primary (built-in or Basic)Data types
INTEGER CHARACTER
SIGNED TYPE UNSIGNED TYPE
INT UNSIGNED INT SIGNED CHARACTER
SHORT INT UNSIGNED SHORT INT UNSIGNED CHARACTER
LONG INT UNSIGNED LONG INT
FLOATING POINT TYPE VOID
FLOATING POINT TYPE
FLOAT VOID
DOUBLE
LONG DOUBLE
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Data types
Basic data types: int, float, double, char, and void.
int: can be used to store integer numbers (values with no
decimal places).
float: can be used for storing floating-point numbers (values
containing decimal places).
double: the same as type float, and roughly twice the size of
float.
char: can be used to store a single character, such as the letter
a, the digit character 6, or a semicolon.
void: is used to denote nothing or empty.
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Variables - Examples
int a; // declaring a variable of type int
int sum, a1, a2; // declaring 3 variables
int x = 7; // declaring and initializing a variable
a = 5; // assigning to variable a the value 5
a1 = a; // assigning to variable a1 the value of a
L-value R-value
a1=a1+1; // assigning to variable a1 the value of a1+1
// (increasing value of a1 with 1)
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Variables -Example
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Integer Types
The basic integer type is int
The size of an int depends on the machine and on PCs it is
normally 16 or 32 or 64 bits.
modifiers (type specifiers)
short: typically uses less bits
long: typically uses more bits
Signed: both negative and positive numbers
Unsigned: only positive numbers
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SIZE AND RANGE OF VALUES FOR A 16-BIT MACHINE
(INTEGER TYPE)
Type Size Range
short int or
signed short int 8 -128 to 127
short
unsigned int
8 0 to 255
int or signed int 16 -32,768 to 32,767
Integer
unsigned int 16 0 to 65,535
long int or -2,147,483,648 to
signed long int 32
Long 2,147,483,647
unsigned long int 32 0 to 4,294,967,295
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Data- Types in C
Integer Data type
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Data- Types in C
Float data type
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Summary
• The basic data types in C are
• int
• float
• char
• Double
• Size of the data types in machine dependent
• If we want a big integer to be stored , we can make use of keyword
long[ long int ]
• Similarly, if we want higher precision to be achieved from a
computation involving real numbers , then use long double
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