FSM – Finite State Machine
A synchronous sequential circuit is also called as Finite State Machine (FSM), if it has finite
number of states. There are two types of FSMs.
• Mealy State Machine
• Moore State Machine
Mealy State Machine Moore State Machine
Output determined by current input and state Output solely dependent on current state
Flexibility in output generation More stable output behaviour
Fewer states, faster execution Potentially more states
Ideal for real-time responsiveness Ideal for output stability
Components of FSM:
• States
• Transitions
• Inputs
• Outputs
Applications of FSM:
• Digital Design: Often used to design control logic in hardware systems such as FPGAs and
ASICs.
• Communication Protocols: FSMs are used to manage the state of data transmission.
• Embedded Systems: FSMs can control system behaviour based on events or sensor inputs.
Moore State Machine
Draw the state diagram for a FSM ,the output goes 1 whenever it detects ‘10X1’ (non-ove)
Visuals path:
RTL:
TB:
EP Wave form:
Note:
Above written code can be improvised ,modified and can be written in many methods
It’s not limited here……
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