KAMPALA UNIVERSITY
JINJA CAMPUS
NAME : MUWANGUZI EMMANEL
REG NO : DMC/05/002D/FEB/2023
COURSE : MASS COMMUNICATION
COURSE UNIT : GLOBAL JOURNALISM
YEAR : TWO
SEMESTER : TWO
TASK : COURSEWORK
LECTURER’S NAME: MR. KAMANZI SAMUEL
QUESTIONS
1. Discuss any three media systems you have studied in this
course of global journalism.
1. Definition of Global Journalism?
Global journalism refers to the practice of gathering, reporting, and
disseminating news and information on a global scale. It involves the
production and distribution of news content across national borders, often
through the use of new media technologies and the internet. Global
journalism is characterized by its ability to reach large and diverse
audiences, and its capacity to shape public opinion and influence political
and social debates.
Global journalism has become increasingly important in recent years, as the
rise of the internet and social media has made it easier for news to be shared
and consumed across borders. It has also been driven by the growing
demand for news and information from a globalized audience, as well as the
increasing interconnectedness of the world's economies and societies.
Global journalism is often studied in the context of global media systems,
which refer to the different ways in which news and information are
produced, distributed, and consumed in different parts of the world. These
systems can vary widely, depending on factors such as government
regulation, media ownership, and cultural and linguistic differences. Despite
these differences, global journalism has become an increasingly important
force in shaping the global news agenda and influencing public opinion on a
global scale.
In the field of global journalism, there are several media systems
that have been studied and analyzed.
The Western media system:
This media system is characterized by a diverse range of media outlets,
including newspapers, magazines, television networks, and online news
websites. It is known for its emphasis on investigative journalism, in-depth
reporting, and a commitment to the principles of press freedom and
independence. The Western media system is often seen as a model for other
parts of the world, and it plays a significant role in shaping global news
narratives.
The Chinese media system:
The Chinese media system is highly controlled and regulated by the
government. It is dominated by state-owned media outlets, which are
responsible for disseminating the official government narrative. The Chinese
media system is known for its strict censorship policies, which limit the range
of topics that can be covered and the way in which they are reported.
limitations, the Chinese media system has become increasingly influential in
recent years, particularly through its use of new media technologies and its
ability to reach large audiences through platforms like We Chat and CCTV.
The Indian media system:
The Indian media system is diverse and vibrant, with a wide range of media
outlets serving different linguistic and regional audiences. It is known for its
ability to cover a broad range of topics, from national politics to local
community news. The Indian media system is also known for its use of new
media technologies, such as social media and online news websites, which
have transformed the way that news is consumed and shared in the country.
Despite facing challenges related to media ownership and government
censorship, the Indian media system remains an important source of news
and information for millions of people.
REFERENCES
"Global Journalism: A Critical Perspective" by John H. Mc Chesney Jr. and
Mark W. Frazier.
"Global Journalism Today" by David H. Weaver and Marianne W. White.
"Global Journalism: A New Era of Information and Communication" by Barbie
D. Zelizer and Stuart Allan.
KAMPALA UNIVERSITY
JINJA CAMPUS
NAME : MUWANGUZI EMMANEL
REG NO : DMC/05/002D/FEB/2023
COURSE : MASS COMMUNICATION
COURSE UNIT : ONLINE JOURNALISM
YEAR : TWO
SEMESTER : TWO
TASK : COURSEWORK
LECTURER’S NAME: MR. KAMANZI SAMUEL
QUESTION:
1. Discuss the difference between online journalism and
traditional journalism.
1. The definition of online journalism?
Online journalism refers to the practice of gathering, reporting, and
disseminating news and information through digital platforms, such as
websites, social media, and other forms of online media. It is a subset that
focuses on the use of the internet and other digital technologies to deliver
news and information to a global audience.
While as
Traditional journalism, also known as mainstream journalism or legacy
journalism, refers to the practice of gathering, verifying and disseminating
news and information to the public through various media channels, such as
newspapers, magazines, radio and television. This method has been in
existence for centuries and has played a crucial role in shopping public
opinion and holding those in power accountable.
Online journalism and traditional journalism are two distinct forms
of news production and dissemination. Here are some of the key
differences between the two:
Distribution:
One of the main differences between online journalism and traditional
journalism is the way in which news and information are distributed.
Traditional journalism relies on print, broadcast, and cable media outlets,
such as newspapers, magazines, television networks, and radio stations, to
reach audiences. Online journalism, on the other hand, relies on the internet
and digital media platforms, such as news websites, social media, and online
forums, to reach audiences.
Speed:
Online journalism has the ability to deliver news and information to
audiences much faster than traditional journalism. This is because online
news can be published and updated in real-time, allowing for quicker and
more immediate reporting of events as they unfold. Traditional journalism,
on the other hand, is often limited by the constraints of print, broadcast, and
cable media outlets, which have fixed publication or broadcast schedules.
Interactivity:
Online journalism also offers the ability for audiences to interact with news
and information in ways that traditional journalism does not. This can include
the ability to comment on articles, share stories on social media, and engage
in real-time discussions with journalists and other readers. Traditional
journalism, on the other hand, is often-way communication, with limited
opportunities for audience engagement.
Credibility:
Traditional journalism is often seen as more credible and reliable than online
journalism, due to its long history and established reputation for accuracy
and fairness. Online journalism, on the other hand, is often viewed with
skepticism, due to concerns about the lack of editorial oversight, the
potential for bias, and the ease with which false or misleading information
can be disseminated.
Business model:
Online journalism often relies on different business models than traditional
journalism, such as advertising, subscription fees, and reader-supported
models. Traditional journalism, on the other hand, often relies on traditional
advertising and subscription revenue streams.
Platform:
The primary difference between online and traditional journalism is the
platform used to deliver news. Traditional journalism relies on print,
broadcast, or cable media, such as newspapers, magazines, radio, and
television, to reach its audience. In contrast, online journalism uses the
internet to share news, often through websites, blogs, social media
platforms, and other digital channels.
Accessibility:
Online journalism has made accessible to a global audience. With the
internet, people can access news from anywhere in the world, at any time.
Traditional media, however, is often limited to a specific geographic area,
making it less accessible to a broader audience.
Cost:
Online journalism is generally more cost-effective than traditional journalism.
Starting an online news outlet requires minimal initial investment, as there
are no costs associated with printing, broadcasting, or distributing physical
media. Traditional media, on the other hand, can be expensive to set up and
maintain, due to the need for physical infrastructure and distribution
networks.
Content format:
Online journalism often allows for more diverse and flexible content formats,
such as multimedia elements like videos, podcasts, and infographics.
Traditional journalism, on the other hand, is typically limited to text-based
articles, radio broadcasts, or television segments.
Target audience:
Online journalism can reach a broader and more diverse audience, as the
internet allows news to be shared globally. Traditional journalism, however,
may have a more limited reach, depending on the specific geographic area
or demographic group it serves.
Monetization:
Online journalism offers more opportunities for monetization, such as
through advertising, sponsorships, and affiliate marketing. Traditional
journalism often relies on traditional advertising models, such as print or
broadcast ads, which may be less effective in reaching a wider audience.
Sustainability:
Online journalism can be more sustainable in the long run, as it does not
require the same level of physical infrastructure and distribution networks as
traditional journalism. This makes it easier for smaller news outlets or
independent journalists to survive and thrive in the digital age.
Ethical considerations:
Online journalism raises unique ethical considerations, such as the potential
for fake news, misinformation, and the spread of conspiracy theories.
Traditional journalism also faces ethical challenges, but the digital
environment amplifies these concerns and requires greater transparency and
accountability.
Collaboration and networking:
Online journalism facilitates greater collaboration and networking among
journalists, researchers, and other stakeholders. Traditional journalism often
relies on established media organizations and their associated networks,
which can limit opportunities for collaboration and knowledge sharing.
In conclusion, online journalism and traditional journalism differ primarily in
terms of the platform used to deliver news, speed, accessibility, interactivity,
cost, and credibility. Both forms of journalism have their strengths and
weaknesses, and the lines between the two are becoming increasingly
blurred as technology continues to evolve.
REFERENCES:
Hanitz, M. (2018). The future of journalism: A comparative analysis of the
state of the news media in the United States, the United Kingdom, and
Germany. Journalism Studies.
Shoemaker, P. J., & Reese, S. D. (2014). Mediating the message: Theories of
communication and journalism (4th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
Galtung, J., & Ruge, M. H. (1965). The structure of foreign news: The
presentation of events in a sample of Swedish newspapers.
