The Rock Cycle
Chapter 1 – Our Earth
1. All rocks can be divided into three main groups according to the way they are formed. List
these three main groups.
2. Fill in the blanks:
Rocks are made up of a complex collection of which are made up of
single elements or compounds. Some are so small that they be seen
with the naked eye.
3. Minerals are classified according to:
Chemical C
Hardness
C
L
Texture
Transparency
W
Fracture B
4. Name the three layers that make up the Earth.
5. Why are the rocks in the top section of the Earth rigid?
6. Name the two types of crust.
7. Movement along tectonic plates causes four processes, they are:
Earth
V activity
M building
O T formation
Chapter 2 – Igneous Rock
1. Igneous rocks are produced when magma cools, , and
2. Slow cooling magma creates crystals; fast cooling magma creates
crystals.
3. Complete the table on the three types of igneous rock.
Igneous Rock Type Extrusive Plutonic
Just under the
Location
surface
Short period
Cooling rate
(seconds to months)
Grain size Large
4. Name at least three types of igneous rock mentioned.
Chapter 3 – Sedimentary Rock
1. Sedimentary rock is composed of C S
broken down rocks, organic remains and chemical precipitates.
2. Sedimentary rocks have layers or strata so are called rocks.
3. Complete the table on the three types of sedimentary rock:
Type Mostly made of: Examples:
Clastic sedimentary
Organic sedimentary
Chemical sedimentary
4. Why do we find fossils in sedimentary rock?
Chapter 4 – Metamorphic rock
1. Metamorphic rock results from the changing of and
.
2. Circle the correct answer:
Where does the change into metamorphic rock occur?
above the Earth’s surface below the Earth’s surface deep below the Earth’s surface
3. High and break down the
structure of the minerals in the rock.
4. Complete the table on the three types of metamorphic rock
Type of
Created by
metamorphic rock
Rocks are and changes take place. This
Thermal can occur during
processes.
Rock structure is altered due to , but
Dynamic don’t chemically change. That occurs during
the formation of mountains.
and permeate the
Metasomatic
bedrock and chemically replace certain elements in the rock.
5. Give three examples of metamorphic rocks.
Chapter 5 – Rock Cycle
1. Complete the following details in the rock cycle:
a) All rock originates in solidification of .
b) Magma cools as it moves the earth’s surface.
c) Igneous rocks can rise to the surface through , or
d) Weathering processes like and break down
rocks on the surface. is transported through erosion by rivers, glaciers
and wind.
e) Debris is deposited as permanent sediment, eventually becoming
f) Rocks can return to the earth’s interior by tectonic forces in regions known as
– where one tectonic plate is forced below
another.
g) Tectonic and create heat and pressure.
h) When rocks reach their they become magma.
2. Which geologic process can change any type of rock into sediment?
Cooling
Heat and pressure
Melting
Weathering and erosion
3. Identify which of the following geologic processes can transform sediment into shale, shale
into slate, and slate into magma.
Cooling; melting; heat and pressure
Compacting and cementing; heat and pressure; melting
Melting; heat and pressure; cooling
Weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing
4. Identify which of the following geologic processes can transform magma into granite, granite
into sand, and sand into sandstone.
Cooling; melting; heat and pressure
Compacting and cementing; heat and pressure; melting
Melting; heat and pressure; cooling
Cooling, weathering and erosion, compacting and cementing
