Based on the topics covered in the provided study materials, here are 40

questions similar to the regional exam questions. Each question targets key
concepts related to scientific inquiry, measurement, properties of matter,
atomic structure, and the periodic table.

### Questions

1. What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

- A) To test multiple variables

- B) To serve as a baseline for comparison

- C) To increase experimental errors

- D) To ensure all variables are manipulated

2. In an experiment testing plant growth under different light conditions,

what is the independent variable?

- A) Type of plant

- B) Amount of water

- C) Type of light used

- D) Growth height of plants

3. A scientist measures the mass of a substance and finds it to be 50.0 g.

How many significant figures are in this measurement?

- A) 1

- B) 2

- C) 3

- D) 4

4. If the density of a substance is 8.5 g/cm³, what is its density in kg/m³?

 - A) 850 kg/m³

- B) 8500 kg/m³

- C) 0.0085 kg/m³

- D) 0.85 kg/m³

5. Which of the following is a qualitative observation?

- A) The temperature of the liquid is 25°C.

- B) The solution is blue in color.

- C) The mass of the solid is 100 g.

- D) The volume of the gas is 2.5 L.

6. A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances is

classified as:

- A) A compound

- B) A mixture

- C) An element

- D) A solution

7. Which type of bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to
another?

- A) Ionic bond

- B) Covalent bond

- C) Metallic bond

- D) Hydrogen bond

8. How many protons are present in an atom of carbon?

- A) 6
 - B) 12

- C) 14

- D) 16

9. What is the molecular formula for water?

- A) H2O

- B) H2O2

- C) O2H2

- D) H3O

10. Which property is NOT a physical property of matter?

- A) Density

- B) Melting point

- C) Flammability

- D) Color

11. The atomic number of an element represents:

- A) The total number of neutrons

- B) The number of protons in the nucleus

- C) The mass of the atom

- D) The number of electrons

12. Which of the following processes separates a solid from a liquid in a

heterogeneous mixture?

- A) Distillation

- B) Filtration

- C) Evaporation
 - D) Chromatography

13. What type of mixture is formed when salt is dissolved in water?

- A) Heterogeneous

- B) Homogeneous

- C) Colloid

- D) Suspension

14. Which of the following elements is most likely to form a cation?

- A) Sodium (Na)

- B) Chlorine (Cl)

- C) Neon (Ne)

- D) Argon (Ar)

15. The main group elements typically have how many valence electrons?

- A) 1-2

- B) 3-10

- C) 5-8

- D) 0-2

16. In a chemical reaction, the substances that undergo change are called:

- A) Products

- B) Reactants

- C) Catalysts

- D) Solvents
17. Which laboratory equipment is used to accurately measure liquid
volumes?

- A) Beaker

- B) Graduated cylinder

- C) Erlenmeyer flask

- D) Buret

18. What is the electron configuration for an oxygen atom (atomic number
8)?

- A) 1s² 2s² 2p⁴

- B) 1s² 2s² 2p³

- C) 1s² 2s² 2p²

- D) 1s² 2s¹ 2p⁵

19. What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxide ion concentration of 0.001

M?

- A) 11

- B) 7

- C) 3

- D) 14

20. A particle with 12 protons and 12 neutrons has a mass number of:

- A) 12

- B) 24

- C) 36

- D) 48

21. Which of the following statements about chemical changes is true?

 - A) They can usually be reversed.

- B) They result in new substances being formed.

- C) They do not involve energy changes.

- D) They occur at a constant rate.

22. Which type of energy is associated with the motion of objects?

- A) Potential energy

- B) Kinetic energy

- C) Thermal energy

- D) Chemical energy

23. What is the primary purpose of a scientific hypothesis?

- A) To prove a theory

- B) To guide experimental design

- C) To collect data

- D) To communicate results

24. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of metals?

- A) Good conductors of electricity

- B) Ductile

- C) Brittle

- D) Lustrous

25. What is the balanced equation for the combustion of methane (CH₄)?

- A) CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

- B) CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O

- C) CH₄ + O₂ → C + H₂O
 - D) CH₄ + O₂ → 2CO + 2H₂O

26. The process of a solid turning directly into a gas is called:

- A) Condensation

- B) Sublimation

- C) Vaporization

- D) Deposition

27. Which of the following represents an ionic compound?

- A) CO₂

- B) NaCl

- C) H₂O

- D) CH₄

28. The term "viscosity" refers to:

- A) The amount of space a substance occupies

- B) The measure of a fluid's resistance to flow

- C) The density of a substance

- D) The temperature at which a substance melts

29. The maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second energy
level is:

- A) 2

- B) 8

- C) 18

- D) 32
30. Which of the following is a characteristic of a gas?

- A) It has a definite volume.

- B) It has a definite shape.

- C) It fills its container completely.

- D) It is incompressible.

31. What is the primary function of a thermometer?

- A) To measure mass

- B) To measure temperature

- C) To measure volume

- D) To measure pressure

32. An example of a heterogeneous mixture is:

- A) Saltwater

- B) Air

- C) Salad

- D) Vinegar

33. The periodic table is organized by increasing:

- A) Atomic mass

- B) Atomic number

- C) Electron affinity

- D) Ionization energy

34. In which state of matter do particles have the most kinetic energy?

- A) Solid

- B) Liquid
 - C) Gas

- D) Plasma

35. Which of the following elements is found in group 17 of the periodic

table?

- A) Oxygen

- B) Chlorine

- C) Sodium

- D) Magnesium

36. How many valence electrons does chlorine have?

- A) 5

- B) 7

- C) 8

- D) 10

37. What is the primary reason for the use of safety goggles in a laboratory?

- A) To keep eyes warm

- B) To improve visibility

- C) To protect eyes from chemical splashes

- D) To look professional

38. Which of the following properties does NOT affect the solubility of a
substance?

- A) Temperature

- B) Pressure

- C) Volume
 - D) Polarity

39. Which laboratory equipment would be best for heating a liquid?

- A) Beaker

- B) Test tube

- C) Bunsen burner

- D) Pipette

40. The term "atomic mass" refers to:

- A) The mass of protons only

- B) The total mass of protons and neutrons

- C) The mass of electrons

- D) The mass of an atom

Here are the answer keys for the 40 questions provided:

### Answer Key

1. **B**) To serve as a baseline for comparison

2. **C**) Type of light used

3. **4**) 4

4. **B**) 8500 kg/m³

5. **B**) The solution is blue in color.

6. **C**) An element

7. **A**) Ionic bond

8. **A**) 6

9. **A**) H₂O

10. **C**) Flammability

11. **B**) The number of protons in the nucleus

12. **B**) Filtration

13. **B**) Homogeneous

14. **A**) Sodium (Na)

15. **C**) 5-8

16. **B**) Reactants

17. **B**) Graduated cylinder

18. **A**) 1s² 2s² 2p⁴

19. **A**) 11

20. **B**) 24

21. **B**) They result in new substances being formed.

22. **B**) Kinetic energy

23. **B**) To guide experimental design

24. **C**) Brittle

25. **B**) CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O

26. **B**) Sublimation

27. **B**) NaCl

28. **B**) The measure of a fluid's resistance to flow

29. **B**) 8

30. **C**) It fills its container completely.

31. **B**) To measure temperature

32. **C**) Salad

33. **B**) Atomic number

34. **C**) Gas

35. **B**) Chlorine

36. **B**) 7

37. **C**) To protect eyes from chemical splashes

38. **C**) Volume

39. **C**) Bunsen burner

40. **B**) The total mass of protons and neutrons

1. What type of substance is found in all matter in the universe? Element

2. Which process is a primarily a physical change?
3. Omar fills a graduated cylinder with 15 mL of water. He then drops a
ring into the graduated cylinder and records that the water level is 19
mL. What did he measure? A ring’s volume
4. The deepest part of all the world's oceans is the Mariana Trench, which
has a maximum depth of 11,000 m. How is this depth written in
scientific notation? 1.1x104
5. What is the maximum number of controlled variables that there can be
in a scientific experiment? No maximum
6. Alexis conducts an experiment studying how long it takes different
watercolor paints to dry. What is a valid independent variable for her
experiment? The brand of paint and the color of the paint
7. The most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen, which makes
up about 75% of the universe's mass. What is the same for every
particle of hydrogen in the universe?
8. Nathan pours himself a glass of pineapple juice. What is a qualitative
property of the juice? It is a yellow solution
9. What is true about the periodic table? True or false:
Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
10. A food chemist is studying a solid sample. Which property is she
least likely to measure?
11. Which group of particles has the greatest mass? 3 neutrons
12. What primarily determines the volume of an atom? The size of
the electron cloud
13. Rose gold, which is often used to make jewelry, is an alloy of
gold, copper, and silver. The copper gives the gold its reddish color.

What is true of rose gold? It is mixed evenly throughout

14. The earth's core contains liquid nickel and iron at temperatures
greater than 4,000 °C. What must be true of pure liquid nickel in the

earth's core compared to pure liquid nickelmade in a factory? They

have the same freezing point
They have the same number of protons in each atom
They react the same
15. Lotions are often stored in glass bottles to protect them from UV
light. A cosmetic chemist is testing what color glass best protects a

lotion. What should be his control group? Lotion in a clear glass bottle
16. Liquid forms on cold cans of soda after they are taken out of the
refrigerator through the process of condensation. What is this liquid
formed from? Water vapor
17. Dmitri Mendeleev created the first modern periodic table in the
late 1800s. How did Mendeleev predict the existence of elements that

hadn't been discovered yet? He organized the elements based on

patterns of reactivity
18. Silver chloride, AgCl, is a temperature-stable lightweight solid
that darkens in sunlight. As a result, AgCl is used in glasses that darken
in bright light. What chemical property of AgCl explains its use in

glasses? It reacts to form Ag and Cl atoms in UV light

19. A ball is rolling down a hill. What type of energy is the ball
gaining? Potential energy

20. What is kinetic energy? energy of motion

21. What is mechanical energy? sum of potential and kinetic energy
22. What is potential energy? stored energy