GROUP 2

TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEM ISSUES
AND CHALLENGES
 TOPICS
The transportation system in urban areas is plagued by various issues and challenges that affect the
daily lives of residents. Addressing these issues is essential for developing a sustainable and efficient
transportation system that effectively serves the needs of the community.

TRAFFIC TRAFFIC EQUALITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL

CONGESTION SAFETY ACCESS PROTECTION
 TOPICS
The transportation system in urban areas is plagued by various issues and challenges that
affect the daily lives of residents. Addressing these issues is essential for developing a
sustainable and efficient transportation system that effectively serves the needs of the
community.

NEW FUNDING INSTITUTIONAL

TECHNOLOGY ARRANGEMENTS
 THE REPORTERS
GROUP 2

CLARISSE ANNE N. ABIQUE ANJO D. SALVADOR CHARLENE S. GONZALES PRINCESS JOY MAGAY

KYLA MARIE E. PADUA DEBBIE FAYE O. DIMAYUGA JOLENE A. ABADINES

 TRANSPORTATION

Transportation refers to the movement

of people, goods, and services from
one location to another. It
encompasses various modes,
including: Land Transportation, Air
Transportation, Water Transportation,
and Public Transportation.

Transportation systems are essential

for economic development, facilitating
trade, and enabling social interactions.
 CIVIL ENGINEERS ROLE IN ADDRESSING
TRANSPORTATION ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

DESIGN AND TRAFFIC

MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT

responsible for designing and They develop traffic

maintaining transportation management systems to
infrastructure such as roads, alleviate congestion and
bridges, and transit systems. improve flow.
 CIVIL ENGINEER’S ROLE IN ADDRESSING
TRANSPORTATION ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

SUSTAINABILITY SAFETY
PRACTICES ENHANCEMENTS
Focusing on sustainable transportation Designing transportation systems
solutions that promote public transit, with safety in mind, implementing
cycling, and pedestrian-friendly features like better signage, road
infrastructure, as well as integrating markings, and pedestrian crossings
electric vehicle charging stations. to reduce accidents and improve
overall safety.
2.1 TRAFFIC CONGESTION

Traffic congestion is a state wherein

transport is slowed, and more vehicles are
queueing on a given road. Though
congestion is a possibility regardless of
what mode of transport you’re using, we’ll
focus only on the current automobile road
traffic here in the Philippines.

Congestion is perceived as the number of

vehicles passing through a road in a given
window of time, or simply a stream. And
that stream will come with its own
properties like speed, density, and flow.
 FACTORS AFFECTING
TRAFFIC CONGESTION

1 2
INSUFFICIENT PUBLIC
HIGH VEHICLE VOLUME
TRANSPORT
The number of vehicles on the road Public transportation options like
has surged over the years, leading jeepneys, buses, and the MRT, the
to overcrowded streets.Many systems are often overcrowded,
residents rely on private vehicles unreliable, and not well-integrated,
for transportation, contributing to pushing more people to use private
congestion. cars.
 FACTORS AFFECTING
TRAFFIC CONGESTION

3 4
POOR ROAD URBAN PLANNING
INFRASTRUCTURE CHALLENGES
Many roads are narrow and The lack of effective urban planning
poorly maintained, which limits has led to mixed land use, where
the capacity to accommodate residential, commercial, and
the growing number of vehicles. industrial areas are not well
Additionally, ongoing construction organized, resulting in increased
projects can further disrupt traffic travel times and congestion.
flow.
 FACTORS AFFECTING
TRAFFIC CONGESTION

5
CULTURAL FACTORS

Traffic behavior, such as disregard for traffic

rules and poor enforcement, also contributes
to the problem, leading to accidents and
bottlenecks.
 BUILD, BUILD,
BUILD PROGRAM
In a report by academic Richard Javad
Heydarian for Forbes Magazine, the Japan
International Cooperation Agency (Jica)
found that traffic congestion in Manila,
caused mainly by poor infrastructure, led
to losses of about P2.4 billion in 2012, and
could triple by 2030 (Mawis, 2024).

In a report by academic Richard Javad Heydarian for Forbes Magazine, the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (Jica) found that traffic congestion in Manila, caused mainly by poor infrastructure, led to losses of about
P2.4 billion in 2012, and could triple by 2030. (Mawis, 2024)
 BUILD, BUILD,
BUILD PROGRAM
Key infrastructure projects under the BBB
Program include: (a) the Subic-Clark
Railway; (b) the North-South railway
projects connecting Los Baños, Laguna to
Tutuban, Manila and Clark Freeport in
Pampanga; and (c) a 1,500-hectare
industrial park in Clark, Pampanga; and (d)
an expanded Clark International Airport
also in Pampanga.

In a report by academic Richard Javad Heydarian for Forbes Magazine, the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (Jica) found that traffic congestion in Manila, caused mainly by poor infrastructure, led to losses of about
P2.4 billion in 2012, and could triple by 2030. (Mawis, 2024)
BUILD, BUILD,
BUILD PROGRAM
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
has authority to control access to the most
congested airports by rationing landing
slots.

The FAA has adopted a practice of holding

flights on the ground at the airport origin
when it appears that insufficient capacity
will be available at the destination airport.
 BUILD, BUILD,
BUILD PROGRAM
Based on its latest data, the Department
of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)
has completed a total of 29,264
kilometers of roads, including those that
have been widened and rehabilitated.
Based on its latest data, the Department
of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)
has completed a total of 29,264
kilometers of roads, including those that
have been widened and rehabilitated.
In a report by academic Richard Javad Heydarian for Forbes Magazine, the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (Jica) found that traffic congestion in Manila, caused mainly by poor infrastructure, led to losses of about
P2.4 billion in 2012, and could triple by 2030. (Mawis, 2024)
 BUILD BETTER MORE
The "Build Better More" program, initiated
under President Ferdinand "Bongbong"
Marcos Jr. (PBBM), is an extension and
enhancement of the previous "Build, Build,
Build" infrastructure initiative.

With a focus on delivering essential

projects such as expressways, bridges,
airports, railways, ports,
telecommunications, and other social
infrastructure.
In a report by academic Richard Javad Heydarian for Forbes Magazine, the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (Jica) found that traffic congestion in Manila, caused mainly by poor infrastructure, led to losses of about
P2.4 billion in 2012, and could triple by 2030. (Mawis, 2024)
2.2 TRAFFIC SAFETY
2.2 TRAFFIC SAFETY

Traffic safety is a critical issue that involves

measures and practices designed to reduce
the risk of accidents and injuries on the road.

Traffic safety is a significant challenge in

transportation systems due to the high rates
of accidents, injuries, and fatalities on roads.
It involves the protection of all road users—
drivers, pedestrians, and cyclists—through
effective regulation, education, and
infrastructure design.
 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES UNDER TRAFFIC SAFETY

ISSUES ISSUES
1. Accident Rates: High rates of road 4. Pedestrian and Cyclist Safety:
accidents, injuries, and fatalities Vulnerable road users often face
remain a significant concern globally. higher risks, especially in urban areas
lacking safe crossings and bike lanes.
2. Infrastructure: Poor road
conditions, inadequate signage, and 5. Impaired Driving: Alcohol and
insufficient lighting can contribute to drug use continue to be leading
accidents. causes of traffic-related fatalities.

3. Vehicle Safety: Many vehicles lack 6. Speeding: Higher speeds increase

advanced safety features, making both the likelihood of accidents and
them more susceptible to crashes. the severity of injuries.
 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES UNDER TRAFFIC SAFETY

CHALLENGES CHALLENGES
1. Public Awareness: Educating the 4. Policy Development: Creating and
public about safe driving practices and implementing comprehensive traffic
the importance of traffic laws is an safety policies that address various
ongoing challenge.
user needs and behaviors requires
2. Legislation and Enforcement: collaboration across multiple sectors.
Ensuring effective enforcement of traffic
laws and regulations can be difficult 5. Funding: Securing adequate funding
due to limited resources. for infrastructure improvements,
educational campaigns, and
3. Data Collection and Analysis:
Gathering accurate data on accidents enforcement measures is often a
and road usage is essential for barrier.
developing effective safety strategies,
yet many regions struggle with this.
2.2.1 TRENDS

A second major challenge is the continued

improvement of traffic safety. Traffic accidents
are of concern for all modes of transportation,
but are perhaps most visible in highways and
commercial air.

In general, there has been an improvement in

safety for all modes of transportation, at least if
accident rates are used as the main indicator of
safety.
2.2.2 ORGANIZATIONAL
RESPONSIBILITIES

The organizations focus on the improvement

of safety of vehicles, traffic safety, safety
research and development and collection of
accident data.

Organizational responsibilities significantly

impact traffic safety in transportation systems
by fostering a culture of safety through policy
development, training, and regular vehicle
maintenance.
2.2.3 THE CHALLENGES

Traffic safety is a continuing challenge for the

transportation engineering profession because
of public expectations that safety will continue
to improve.

Continuing challenges such as increased

traffic congestion, distracted driving, and
inadequate infrastructure negatively impact
traffic safety in transportation systems.
CONTINUING CHALLENGES IN TIME

1. Infrastructure Aging: Many highways and bridges are

aging and require significant investment for repairs and
upgrades to ensure safety and functionality.

2. Traffic Congestion : Urban areas continue to experience

high levels of congestion, leading to increased travel times,
fuel consumption, and air pollution.

3. Funding Shortfalls: Many transportation projects are

hindered by inadequate funding at federal, state, and local
levels, making it difficult to maintain and improve
infrastructure.
CONTINUING CHALLENGES IN TIME

4. Environmental Impact: Reducing greenhouse gas

emissions and mitigating the environmental effects of
transportation, such as habitat destruction and air
pollution, remains a critical challenge.

5. Safety Concerns: Traffic accidents and fatalities are

ongoing issues, necessitating enhanced safety measures
and public awareness campaigns.
2.3

EQUALITY

OF ACCESS
EQUALITY OF ACCESS

Another continuing challenge has

been to provide adequate access
to the transportation system for all
sorts of people. Three groups in
particular have been seen as
generally underserved. these are
the poor, the elderly, and the
physically handicapped.
EQUALITY OF ACCESS

Refers to the principle

that everyone, regardless
of their background,
physical ability, income,
or location, should have
fair and equal
opportunities to use
transportation systems.
EQUALITY OF ACCESS

This means that public transit,

roads, and other
transportation services should
be available, affordable, and
accessible to all individuals,
ensuring they can move freely
and efficiently without facing
discrimination or barriers.
EQUITY IN TRANSPORTATION

Equity in transportation
seeks fairness in mobility
and accessibility to meet
the needs of all
community members.
EXECUTIVE ORDER 13985 ADVANCING RACIAL EQUITY
AND SUPPORT FOR UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES (2021)

“EQUITY” - the consistent and

systematic fair, just, and impartial
treatment of all individuals,
including individuals who belong to
underserved communities that have
been denied such treatment, such
as Black, Latino, Indigenous and
Native American persons, Asian
 CHALLENGE RELATED TO MAKING
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
ACCESSIBLE TO EVERYONE

It identifies three groups of people who

are often underserved by transportation
infrastructure:

1. The Poor: Low-income individuals may

struggle with the cost of transportation,
whether it's owning a car, affording public
transit, or accessing transportation
options in their communities.
 EQUALITY OF ACCESS

1. The Poor
True equality of access means that
transportation systems must be
affordable and available to all,
regardless of income. This could involve
subsidies, low-cost transit options, or
improving transportation routes in low-
income areas, ensuring that the poor
can access employment, education,
healthcare, and other essential services
just like wealthier individuals.
 CHALLENGE RELATED TO MAKING
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
ACCESSIBLE TO EVERYONE

It identifies three groups of people who

are often underserved by transportation
infrastructure:

2. The Elderly: Older adults may have

mobility issues, find it difficult to navigate
public transportation systems, or live in
areas without convenient access to
transit.
 EQUALITY OF ACCESS

2. The Elderly
Providing equality of access for the
elderly means creating systems that
consider their unique needs, such as
age-friendly transportation services,
more accessible stops, and
community-based transit solutions.
Elderly people should have just as much
ability to travel independently as
younger, able-bodied individuals.
 CHALLENGE RELATED TO MAKING
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
ACCESSIBLE TO EVERYONE

It identifies three groups of people who

are often underserved by transportation
infrastructure:

3. The Physically Handicapped:

Individuals with physical disabilities may
encounter obstacles like inaccessible
vehicles, stations, or routes, making it hard
for them to use transportation
independently.
 EQUALITY OF ACCESS

3. The Physically Handicapped

Achieving equality of access for people
with physical disabilities means ensuring
that public transportation systems are
fully accessible to them. This includes
having wheelchair-friendly vehicles,
accessible transit stops, and inclusive
urban infrastructure. Transportation
systems should be designed so that
people with disabilities can use them just
as easily as able-bodied individuals.
 2.6 FUNDING

BROADER CONCEPTS
SOCIAL JUSTICE
The passage touches on the idea that a fair
society ensures that everyone can participate
fully in life regardless of their circumstances.
Access to transportation is a key part of that,
as it allows people to work, access
healthcare, and participate in social
activities.
 2.6 FUNDING

BROADER CONCEPTS
PUBLIC POLICY
Governments and transportation authorities
must make intentional efforts to address the
unequal access that certain groups face. This
could include laws, policies, and investments to
improve public transit infrastructure, make
transportation more affordable, and ensure
accessibility for all.
 2.6 FUNDING

BROADER CONCEPTS
DESIGNING FOR INCLUSION
To truly achieve equality of access,
transportation systems need to be designed
inclusively from the ground up, considering the
needs of these underserved groups from the
start. This goes beyond adding ramps or
discounting fares; it means reshaping how
transportation networks are structured to be
universally accessible.
2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Transportation activities support

increasing mobility demands for
passengers and freight, notably in
urban areas.
But transport activities have resulted in
growing levels of motorization and
congestion. As a result, the
transportation sector is becoming
increasingly linked to environmental
problems
 AIR
SITE-SPECIFIC IMPACTS POLLUTION

Site-specific impacts refer to HABITAT

environmental effects that occur at a DISRUPTION & WATER
BIODIVERSITY
particular location as a result of a LOSS POLLUTION
specific project or activity.

These impacts are localized and often

directly related to the characteristics
of the site and the nature of the
development. NOISE
LAND
DEGRADATION POLLUTION
 1.AIR POLLUTION 2. WATER POLLUTION

Emissions from Vehicles:

Runoff Contamination:
Transportation is a significant source of air
Transportation systems can contribute to
pollutants, including nitrogen oxides (NOx),
water pollution through runoff containing oil,
carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate
heavy metals, and other pollutants from
matter (PM).
roads, which can enter local water bodies.
In densely populated areas, this contributes
Accidental Spills:
to poor air quality, which can affect human
Transportation of hazardous materials
health and the environment.
poses risks of spills that can contaminate
Rural Road Development:
groundwater and surface water, harming
Increased vehicle traffic on newly developed
aquatic ecosystems.
rural roads can lead to rising emissions,
impacting local air quality
 3.LAND USE AND
4. NOISE POLLUTION
HABITAT DESTRUCTION

Encroachment on Protected Areas: Traffic Noise:

: Infrastructure projects often encroach on Increased vehicular traffic leads to higher
ecologically sensitive areas, leading to noise levels, which can adversely affect the
habitat loss for numerous species, including health and quality of life for nearby residents
endangered ones. and wildlife.
Fragmentation of Ecosystems: Construction Activities:
Roads can fragment habitats, making it Road construction can create significant
difficult for wildlife to access resources, noise pollution, impacting local communities
mate, or migrate, thereby threatening and wildlife habitats
biodiversity.
 GREEN
HOUSE GAS
SYSTEM-LEVEL IMPACTS EMISSIONS

System-level impacts refer to broader DEFORESTATION TRAFFIC

environmental effects that result from FOR
INFRASTRUCTURE CONGESTION
the cumulative effects of multiple EXPANSION
projects or the transportation system
as a whole.

These impacts consider the

interconnections and interactions
between various components of the CLIMATE ENERGY
transportation network and their CHANGE CONSUMPTION
effects on a larger scale.
 1.GREEN HOUSE GAS & CLIMATE
CHANGE
2. TRAFFIC CONGESTION

Green House Gas Emissions:

Runoff Contamination:
The transportation sector is one of the
Urban traffic congestion in cities like Metro
largest contributors to greenhouse gas
Manila contributes to increased emissions
(GHG) emissions in the Philippines.
and energy consumption, as vehicles spend
Road Development & Traffic:
more time idling in traffic
Transportation systems are significant
This is a significant environmental and
contributors to greenhouse gas emissions.
economic issue, leading to lost productivity
The expansion of roads and increased
and excessive fuel consumption.
vehicular traffic in Palawan can exacerbate
climate change, affecting weather patterns
and increasing the frequency of extreme
weather events.
 3.DEFORESTATION FOR
4. ENERGY CONSUMPTION
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

Urban Development: Excessive fuel consumption:

The development of new roads, highways, The transportation sector is heavily reliant
and airports often requires clearing forests on non-renewable energy sources, primarily
and natural vegetation, contributing to fossil fuels.
deforestation. This contributes not only to environmental
This issue is more prevalent in rural and degradation but also to the country's energy
mountainous areas, such as the security concerns, given its dependence on
construction of access roads to tourist spots fuel imports.
or new urban expansions.
MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
. 1. Sustainable Tourism and Transportation Initiatives

Electric Vehicles (EVs): The local government in

Puerto Princesa has introduced electric tricycles (e-
trikes) to reduce emissions and promote sustainable
transport.

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans: Cities are

increasingly adopting green urban mobility plans
that emphasize non-motorized transport (e.g.,
cycling lanes) and "walkable" cities to reduce
dependence on vehicles.
MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

Regulation: The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 (RA 8749)

aims to improve air quality, with provisions encouraging the
use of cleaner fuel technologies, such as electric vehicles.

Regulation: The Philippine Urban Development and Housing

Act (RA 7279) encourages the development of urban areas
that facilitate non-motorized transport, while local
ordinances support the creation of bike lanes and
pedestrian paths.
MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
2. Biodiversity Protection Measures in Transportation
Planning

Protected Areas: Laws such as the National Integrated

Protected Areas System Act (NIPAS) aim to protect critical
habitats in Palawan, restricting transportation
developments within these areas.

Buffer Zones: Implementing buffer zones around

protected areas minimizes the impact of transportation
infrastructure on biodiversity.

Wildlife Crossings and Habitat Corridors: As part of

infrastructure planning, initiatives have been
implemented to create wildlife crossings (e.g., bridges or
tunnels) to protect endemic species and maintain
ecological connectivity.
MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

Regulation: The Wildlife Resources Conservation and

Protection Act (RA 9147) mandates the protection of wildlife
and their habitats, which includes measures for minimizing
the impact of transportation infrastructure.
MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

3. Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) for

Infrastructure Projects

Road Development Projects in Protected Areas: Before

construction of new roads or transportation facilities,
developers must conduct Environmental Impact
Assessments (EIAs) to evaluate potential effects on local
ecosystems and communities.
MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

Regulation: The National Environmental Policy Act (RA 3931)

and the Philippine EIA System (DAO 2003-30) mandate that
EIAs be conducted for projects that may significantly affect
the environment.
MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

4. Integrated Coastal Management in Port Development

Sustainable Practices in Port Operations: The

development of ports, such as the Puerto Princesa Port,
includes integrated coastal management practices to
protect marine environments. This includes implementing
measures to control pollution from shipping activities and
manage waste disposal.
MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

Regulation: The Philippine Fisheries Code (RA 8550) emphasizes

the sustainable management of coastal and marine resources,
while the National Integrated Coastal Management Program
(NICMP) provides a framework for managing coastal resources
and reducing pollution.
NEW
TECHNOLOGY
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEMS (ITS)

An intelligent transportation
system (ITS) is an advanced
application that aims to provide
innovative services relating to
different modes of transportation
and traffic management.
HOW ITS WORK?

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS)

include a broad range of wireless and
wireline communications-based
information and electronics
technologies.

It involves collecting data through

Sensors
GPS
Cameras
Communication networks
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEMS (ITS)

GOALS FOR ITS

Enhanced road safety

Minimized accidents.
Provide real-time information to
travelers
Increased and higher quality
mobility
Improved Economic Productivity
THE RELATIONSHIP OF ITS WITH
TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

In transportation engineering,
ITS plays an important role by
applying modern technology
to design, operate, and
manage transportation
systems more effectively.
3 TYPES OF SENSOR

Infrastructure Sensors:
Infrastructure sensors are
installed on or around the
roadway, detecting traffic flow,
vehicle speed, and environmental
conditions like weather or road
surface state
ex: acoustic sensor for traffic
3 TYPES OF SENSOR

Video Vehicle Detection

• Traffic flow measurement
and Automatic Incident
Detection using video cameras
is another form of vehicle
detection.
3 types of sensor

Inductive loops

are the most resilient, cheapest,

and easy to construct method of
detection. Designers should scope
their work to install inductive loops
and only use other detection as
challenges arise.
 FUNCTION

CALLING FOR EMERGENCY

USING CAMERAS TO ENFORCE
SERVICES WHEN AN ACCIDENT
TRAFFIC LAWS OR SIGNS
OCCURS

MONITORS VEHICLE PERFORMANCE,

GPS-BASED NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
DRIVER BEHAVIOR, AND CARGO
FOR REAL-TIME TRAFFIC UPDATES
SAFETY IN REAL-TIME, ENHANCING
SAFETY AND EFFICIENCY
 ITS INFRASTURE

ARTERIAL MANAGEMENT

Arterial management systems manage

traffic along arterial roadways, employing
traffic detectors, traffic signals, and various
means of communicating information to
travelers.
These systems make use of information
collected by traffic surveillance devices to
smooth the flow of traffic
 ITS INFRASTURE

TRANSIT MANAGEMENT

Transit ITS services include surveillance and

communications, such as Automated Vehicle
Location (AVL) systems, Computer-Aided
Dispatch (CAD) systems, and remote vehicle
and facility surveillance cameras, which enable
transit agencies to improve the operational
efficiency, safety, and security of the nation's
public transportation systems
 INTELLIGENT INFRASTRUCTURE
(0THERS)

ARTERIAL FREEWAY TRAVEL DEMAND

MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT

ELECTRONIC INCIDENT EMERGENCY

PAYMENT SERVICES MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT
 INTELLIGENT INFRASTRUCTURE
(0THERS)

INFORMATION TRAVELER ROAD WEATHER

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

COMMERCIAL ROADWAY CRASH

VEHICLE OPERATION OPERATION AND PREVENTION AND
MAINTENANCE SAFETY
SCOPE OF ITS EN-ROUTE
DRIVER
TRAVEL AND TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT

En-route Driver Information: This INCIDENT

involves providing real-time traffic MANAGEMENT TRAVELER
information to drivers while they are SERVICES
on their journey. TRAVEL AND INFORMATION
TRANSPORTATION
Route Guidance: ITS provides turn- MANAGEMENT
by-turn navigation and route
optimization based on real-time
traffic conditions

Traffic Control: ITS technologies are TRAFFIC ROUTE

used to manage and control traffic CONTROL GUIDANCE
flow on roadways. This includes the
use of smart traffic signals
TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT

Ride Matching and Reservation

This involves using ITS to facilitate

carpooling and ride-sharing services by
matching travelers with similar
destinations or routes
TRAVEL DEMAND
MANAGEMENT

Pretrip Travel Information: PUBLIC

TRANSIT
ROAD
ITS provides travelers with SCHEDULES CLOSURES
information before they begin their PRETRIP TRAVEL
journey. INFORMATION:

Pre-trip travel information is a crucial

component of Intelligent Transportation
Systems, significantly enhancing the
efficiency, safety, and overall WEATHER
TRAFFIC
effectiveness of transportation networks CONDITIONS UPDATES
ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SERVICES

Passengers can use smart

cards, mobile apps, or
contactless credit/debit
cards to pay fares quickly
and efficiently, reducing wait
times and improving overall
service speed.
 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

Emergency notification
Personal security
Emergency vehicle management
This involves managing and optimizing
the movement of emergency response
vehicles such as ambulances, fire trucks,
and police cars.
ITS allows emergency vehicles to have
priority at traffic signals through
emergency vehicle preemption systems
ADVANCED
VEHICLE CONTROL (AVCSS) enhance vehicle safety and
AND SAFETY efficiency through the integration of various
technologies. These systems include
SYSTEMS (AVCSS)
features such as adaptive cruise control,
lane departure warnings, and collision
avoidance systems, which assist drivers in
maintaining safe driving conditions.
 SCOPE OF ITS
Collision Notification Systems:
These systems automatically detect
collisions and report the location and
severity of the incident to emergency
services.
Advanced systems may transmit
vehicle data, such as the number of
passengers and the severity of impact.
 SCOPE OF ITS

Longitudinal Collision Avoidance:

Prevents rear-end collisions by
monitoring distance between vehicles
and adjusting speed to maintain safe
following distances.
 SCOPE OF ITS

Lateral Collision Avoidance: Prevents

side-impact collisions.
Intersection Collision Avoidance:
Detects cross-traffic at intersections and
alerts or automatically takes action to
avoid collisions with other vehicles or
pedestrians.
 SAFETY READINESS

Crash Prevention and Safety

Systems:
These systems detect unsafe
conditions on the road, including
dangerous curves, intersections,
and obstacles like pedestrians,
cyclists, and animals.
 SCOPE OF ITS

PRECRASH RESTRAINT
DEPLOYMENT:

Automatically tightens seat

belts or activates safety
systems moments before a
collision to reduce injury
severity.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEMS (ITS) VS OLD METHOD

TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION:
ITS: Uses sensors, GPS, and
communication systems for real-
time data analysis.
Traditional: Relies on manual
management and static
infrastructure.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEMS (ITS) VS OLD METHOD
SAFETY ENHANCEMENTS
ITS: Incorporates safety features such as
automated incident detection, real-time
alerts to drivers, and integration with
emergency response systems,
enhancing overall road safety.
Old Methods: Focused on post-incident
responses rather than proactive safety
measures, leading to longer response
times and higher accident rates.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEMS (ITS) VS OLD METHOD

DATA UTILIZATION:
ITS: Analyzes real-time data for
traffic prediction and incident
management.
Traditional: Uses historical data,
limiting responsiveness.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (ITS) VS OLD
METHOD
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
ITS: Features adaptive traffic
signal control, congestion
management systems, and
vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)
communication to optimize traffic
flow and reduce congestion.
Old Methods: Relied on fixed traffic
signals and simple flow
management, often resulting in
congestion during peak hours.
 2.6

FUNDING
 2.6 FUNDING

INTRODUCTION
The Philippines Transport System (PTS) consists :
Road
Water
Air
Railroad transportation

98% of passenger traffic and 58% of cargo traffic

 2.6 FUNDING

INTRODUCTION
215,000 km worth of roads built across the Philippines

45% of National Roads

Good enough condition

20% of remaining Local Roads

Adequate Condition

35% Inoperative and In need of Repair

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ISSUE
WHAT IS HINDERING THE MAINTENANCE
AND FURTHER EXPANSION?

TREND TOWARDS FURTHER URBANIZATION,

INADEQUATE FINANCIAL RESOURCES TO FUND
THESE PROJECTS, AND INSUFFICIENT
INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY.
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One of the core issues hindering the maintenance and

expansion of roads in the Philippines is the
insufficient funding and financial resources available
for road maintenance.

The Philippines’ annual investment in roads is 0.6% of

their GDP = efforts to maintain or expand upon the
current transportation system have been limited
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The insufficiency and obsolescence of the

transportation infrastructure contribute to the
daily struggles faced by commuters, impacting
their mobility and access to essential services.

Inefficient systems, particularly in terms of

scheduling and coordination, contribute to the
unreliability of public transportation.
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ISSUES/CHALLENGES
Insufficient funds allocated to public transport in the
Philippines have been a major hurdle in addressing the
system's challenges.

The country's transportation

infrastructure suffers due to limited
financial resources, hindering
improvements and maintenance.
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ISSUES/CHALLENGES
According to the World Bank's assessment of the
Philippines' transport sector, the lack of adequate
funding has constrained the development of efficient
and reliable public transportation systems (World
Bank, 2019).

The dire state of public transportation in the

Philippines, as highlighted by The ASEAN Post, is
exacerbated by insufficient budgetary allocations,
which significantly impact the quality and expansiN of
transportation networks (The ASEAN Post, 2021).
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Transportation provides a large risk to companies:

Potential loss of economic opportunities
Increased pollution
Decreased productivity due to congestion
Delays from the poor transport system.
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STRATEGIES TO COMPANIES TO HELP MITIGATE

THE RISK:

GET A CONGLOMERATE OF COMPANIES TO SUPPORT THE

TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
-HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO INFLUENCE WHICH
ROADS ARE BEING MAINTAINED
-NEW TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE IS
BEING DEVELOPMENT

HAVE SIMILAR RISKS TO POOL THEIR RESOURCES TOGETHER

-TO MODIFY THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IS
MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL
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CONCLUSION

SECURING ADEQUATE FINANCIAL RESOURCES IS ANOTHER

PERRENIAL CHALLEGE, FOR BOTH PUBLIC AGENCIES
PROVIDING TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES AND PRIVATE-
SECTOR FIRMS PROVIDING TRANSPORTATION SERVICES.
2.7.
INSTITUTIONAL
ARRANGEMENTS
 INSTITUTIONAL
ARRANGEMENTS
Provision of adequate
institutional arrangements for the
transportation system is also a
challenge.

In most cases, new institutional

arrangements have come about
as a response to perceived
deficiencies in the existing system.
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In the recent past, the most conspicuous and enduring areas

of institutional change have been:

Adjustments to the relationship between the public and private

sectors and;

Traditionally, transportation systems were mainly government-

operated, but in recent years, there has been a trend toward more
private-sector involvement (e.g., privatization of certain services or
public-private partnerships).
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Attempts to overcome modal and jurisdictional

fragmentation.

Efforts to overcome modal and jurisdictional fragmentation aim

to improve the coordination of different transportation modes
and streamline governance across different regions.

The goal is to create a more efficient, integrated, and user-

friendly transportation system that better serves people’s needs,
reduces delays, and improves overall accessibility.
 SUMMARY

The transportation system exits to meet perceived and social and

economic needs. As these changes, and as the transportation system
itself evolves, situation arise in which transportation is viewed as a
“problem”, and these situations create a challenge for the
transportation engineering profession. At present the profession faces
a number of enduring challenges.

These include finding ways to manage or reduce traffic congestion,

continuing to improve safety, providing better access to the system for
underserved groups, protecting the environment, incorporating new
technology, securing adequate funding, and developing adequate
institutional arrangements.
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