Solution

MCQ 12TH ( ELECTRICITY) ASSIGNMENT

Class 12 - Physics

1. (a) increase in the average collision time

Explanation:
Mobility,
qτ
μ= i.e., μ ∝ τ
m

2. (a) 16 R
Explanation:
The volume of the wire remains unchanged.
V = A1l1 = A2l2
r 2
2 ( )
l1 A2 r
2 2 1
∴ = = = =
l2 A1 2 2 4
r r
1
R1 l1 A2 1 1 1
= × = × =
R2 l2 A1 4 4 16

or R2 = 16 R1 = 16 R

3.
(c) temperature
Explanation:
temperature

4. (a) the electric field produced by charges accumulated on the surface of the wire.
Explanation:
Current density (J) depends on conductivity σ = = Electric field (J = σE) current and length and area of cross-
1

ρ
l

RA

section. The direction of current density is directed along the electric field. In our options only E i.e., an electric field can be
varied by the charges accumulated on the surface of the wire.
5. (a) 4 : 1
Explanation:

2 2
Ps I R+ I R

Pp
=
I 2 I 2
=4:1
( ) R+ ( ) R
2 2

6.
(d) 1.5Ω
Explanation:
Let r be the resistance of each lamp and R be equivalent resistance when connected in parallel. Then r and R are related as,
1 1 1
= +
R r r

r
⇒ R=
2

Now, power is given as

2
V
P =
R
6×6
⇒ 48 =
R
3
⇒ R=
4
3
∴ r =
2

⇒ r = 1.5Ω

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 7.
(b) 1 : 5
Explanation:
The resistance of the first wire is:
(5 L)
R1 = ρ
A
The resistance of the second wire is:
(3 L) L
R2 = ρ =ρ
3 A A
Dividing R1 by R2, we get:
(5 L)
⎡ ⎤
R1 A
= ⎢ρ ⎥ =5
R2 L
⎣ ρ ⎦
A

Therefore, the ratio of their resistances is 5 : 1, which simplifies to 5 : 1 or 1 : 5.

8.
(c) E ∝ j
Explanation:
⃗ ⃗
E = ρj

9.
(c) ρ −1

Explanation:
−1
ρ

10.
(c) At any junction of circuit elements, the sum of currents entering the junction must equal the sum of currents leaving it.
Explanation:
Kirchhoff’s junction rule is based on the principle of conservation of charge. For steady currents, there can be no accumulation
of charge in a junction. The currents entering a junction bring charge to the junction and the currents leaving a junction carry
away the charge brought to the junction.

11.
vd
(d) 2

Explanation:
If the drift speed of electrons is vdv_dvd with a potential difference VVV, then reducing VVV to half results in the drift speed
vd
becoming . Thus, the drift speed decreases proportionally to the reduction in potential difference.
2

12.

(b)

Explanation:

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13.
(d) 0.003

∘C

Explanation:
Rt − R0 4R0 − R0
α = =
R0 × t R0 × 1000

= 0.003°C-1
3
= 1000

14.
(b) increase in temperature
Explanation:
The specific resistance of a conductor increases with the increase in temperature.

15. (a) potential difference across the bigger resistor is greater.

Explanation:
potential difference across the bigger resistor is greater.
16.
(c) charge
Explanation:
Kirchhoffs current rule is based on the law of conservation of charge.

17.
3
a R
(d) 6b

Explanation:
Q = at - bt2
dQ
l= dt
= a - 2bt
When t = a

2b
,l=0
That is current will exist till t = a

2b

∴ Total heat produced in resistance R,

t 2b
H==∫ 0
I
2
Rdt = ∫
0
(a − 2bt) Rdt
2

2b
=∫ 0
(a
2
+ 4b t
2 2
− 4abt) Rdt
2b
3 2

= [a 2
t + 4b
2 t

3
− 4ab
t

2
] × R
0

2 3 2

= [a 2 a

2b
+
4b

3
(
2b
a
) − 2ab(
a

2b
) ]R

3 3 3 3

=[ a

2b
+
a

6b
−
a

2b
]R=
a R

6b

18. (a) 5.0 × 1017

Explanation:
5.0 × 1017
19.
(d) free electron density in the conductor
Explanation:
free electron density in the conductor

20. (a) along with a very slow net motion in the opposite direction of the field
Explanation:
The electrons in a conductor have random velocities and when an electric field is applied, they suffer repeated collisions and in
the process move with a small average velocity, opposite to the direction of the field. This is equivalent to positive charge
flowing in the direction of the field.

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21. (a) not change
Explanation:
Resistivity depends on the nature of the material and not on the dimensions of the conductor.
22. (a) current
Explanation:
A conductor of non-uniform cross-section is a series combination of many conductors of different cross-sections. So I through
them remains constant.

I 1
vd = ⇒ vd ∝
enA A
I 1
E = ⇒ E ∝
σA A
I 1
j = ⇒ j ∝
A A

Thus vd, E, and j all change with A.

23.
(d) conservation of electric charge and energy respectively
Explanation:
Kirchhoff's first and second laws of electrical circuits are consequences of conservation of electric charge and energy
respectively.

24.
(b) Cu, Ag and Au
Explanation:
Cu, Ag and Au are the good conductors of electricity.

25.
(c) ohm cm
Explanation:
The unit of resistivity is ohm cm.

26.
(d) m2 V-1 s-1
Explanation:
m2 V-1 s-1

27.
(d) radius is 1mm and the length is 80 m
Explanation:
As we know that,
R∝ l

2
r

Hence, wire with maximum length and minimum radius will have highest resistance.

28.
(b) unchanged
Explanation:
l ′ 2l
R= ρ ⇒ R = ρ = R
A 2A

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29.
(d) the magnitude of the drift velocity per unit electric field
Explanation:
Mobility is defined as the drift velocity acquired by the charge per unit electric field strength. Faster the particle moves in a
given electric field, strength greater is the mobility.
v
d
μ=
E

30. (a) very weakly temperature-dependent resistivity

Explanation:
Nichrome and manganin have very low-temperature dependent resistivity.
31.
(b) relaxation time decreases
Explanation:
On increasing the temperature of a conductor, n does not change but electrons collide more frequently. So the relaxation time τ
decreases and resistance (R = ml

2
) increases.
n e τA

32.
(b) the average of the velocities of all the free electrons at an instant is non-zero
Explanation:
The average of the velocities of all free electrons at an instant is non-zero, if not current is passed through a conductor.

33.
(c) absorbed
Explanation:
When current is passed from the lower temperature to the higher temperature side, work has to be done against the higher
potential. Hence energy is absorbed.

34. (a) E1 + E2
Explanation:
The equivalent emf of two voltages in series with the cathode of one connected to the anode of the other is equal to the sum of
the emfs.

Therefore
E = E1 + E2

35. (a) R = 0
Explanation:
R=0
36.
(c) conservation of charge, conservation of energy
Explanation:
conservation of charge, conservation of energy

37.
(b) Mobility
Explanation:
The charge carrier in most metals is the negatively charged electron. The mobility of the charge carrier is defined as the drift
velocity of the charge carrier per unit electric field. It is denoted by μ andμ = v /E is given as. The Sl unit of μ is m2V-1s-1.
d

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38.
(b) 2.8 kcal
Explanation:
Heat produced = P × t
= 100 W × 60s = 12000 J
= kcal = 2.8 kcal
12000

4.2×1000

39.
(b) 1000 Wh
Explanation:
2 200 × 200 × 2 × 60 × 60
H= V

R
t
=
80
J

200 × 200 × 2 × 60 × 60
= W = 1000 Wh
80 × 3600

40.
(c) 10.6 Ω
Explanation:
2

R= V

P
=
115×115

1250
= 10.6 Ω

41.
(c) copper decreases and silicon increases.
Explanation:
copper decreases and silicon increases.

42.
(d) remains the same
Explanation:
Neutral temperature is independent of temperature of cold junction.

43. (a) 3 : 2
Explanation:
2

power dissipated in resistance P = V

As the resistor are connected in parallel to the battery, both have are potential
So, P ∝ R
1

p1 R2
=
p2 R1

= 6

= 3

P1 : P2 = 3 : 2

44.
(c) maximum when the battery is connected across 1cm × 1

2
cm
Explanation:
As we know R = ρ ⋅ A
l
, where length is constant l=10cm.So resistance is directly proportional to 1/A. The maximum
resistance will be when the value of 1

A
is maximum, i.e., ‘A’ must be minimum, it is minimum when the area of cross-section
is 1cm × cm 1

45. (a) high resistance, low melting point

Explanation:
A fuse wire has HIGH resistance & LESS melting point, so that it can protect the electrical appliances by undergoing melting
due to excess heat produced because of high resistance. As a result, circuit is not complete, so no current flow in it.

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46.

(d)

Explanation:

47.
(b) [ML2T-3A-2]
Explanation:
Work done Force × Dis tance
Power = i2R ⇒ −
Time Time
−2
ML T L 1
⇒ [R] = [ ] [( )]
T 2
A

⇒ [R] = ML2T-3A-2

48.

(c)

Explanation:

49.
(d) negative to positive terminal and positive to negative terminal
Explanation:
The direction of an electric current is by convention the direction in which a positive charge would move. Thus, the current in
the external circuit is directed is from positive terminal and to negative terminal of the battery.
When the battery is giving power it discharges, then the current inside the cell flows from negative terminal to positive
terminal.

50.
(b) 16 Ω
Explanation:
R
′
= n2R = (2)2 × 4 Ω = 16 Ω

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