SECTION A: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS (18 marks, @1.

5)
Choose the most suitable answer for each question.
1. Carbon dioxide is given out during 5. Lily has two pots of green plants, X and Y, of
(1) respiration the same variety and similar size. She puts pot
(2) photosynthesis X beside the window and waters it regularly.
(3) the burning of peanuts She puts pot Y in a sealed box and does not
water it. Two days later, she tests the leaves
A. (1) only from pots for starch. She finds starch in the leaf
B. (2) only from pot X. What can be concluded from the
C. (1) and (3) only results?
D. (2) and (3) only
A. The plant needs light to make food.
B. The plant needs water to make food.
Answer questions 2 and 3 based on the diagram below, C. The plant needs fresh air to make food.
which shows the set-up of an experiment that D. No conclusion can be drawn.
demonstrates the gaseous exchange in respiration.

6. Which of the following is/are the reason(s) for

putting a green leaf in hot alcohol before an
iodine test?
2. What is the function of soda lime in this set-up? (1) To soften the leaf
(2) To kill the leaf cells
A. To absorb oxygen (3) To remove chlorophyll
B. To provide oxygen
C. To absorb carbon dioxide A. (1) only
D. To provide carbon dioxide B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only
3. A control set-up is implemented. How will it be
different from the set-up shown above?
Questions 7 and 8 refer to Diagram I and II below.
Diagram I shows a set-up to study the conditions for
A. There is no stopper.
photosynthesis. Diagram II shows the leaf surface of a
B. There is no soda lime.
variegated leaf X before the experiment.
C. There is no grasshopper.
D. There is no red ink marker.

4. Which of the following statements about

inhaled and exhaled air is/are correct?
(1) Exhaled air contains more carbon dioxide
than oxygen.
(2) Inhaled air contains less water vapour than
exhaled air.
(3) Inhaled air and exhaled air contain the same
amount of nitrogen. 7. After leaving the set-up under sunlight for 3
hours, iodine test was carried out on leaf X.
A. (2) only Which of the following labelled areas would
B. (3) only appear blue black?
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only A. (1) only
B. (1) and (2) only
C. (1), (2) and (3) only
D. (4) only
8. How many independent variables were being 11. In the circuit below, when switch S is closed,
studied in the experiment? both bulbs are not lit. Which of the following
faults will cause the voltmeter to have a non-
A. 1 zero reading while the ammeter reads zero?
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

9. Which of the following statements about a

circuit with identical bulbs connected in parallel
is/are correct?
(1) The electric current is the same at all points
in the circuit.
(2) When the bulb on the first branch is shorted,
the other bulbs still light up. A. Bulb X has been shorted.
(3) As the number of branches increase, the B. Bulb Y has been shorted.
current delivered by the battery increases. C. Bulb X is burnt out.
D. Bulb Y is burnt out.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (3) only 12. Which of the following statements concerning
D. (2) and (3) only the fuse in an electrical appliance is incorrect?
(1) A fuse is made of a metal with low melting
point.
10. A student wants to measure the resistance of (2) If the fuse in an electrical appliance is
resistor R and sets up the circuit shown. Which blown, it should not be replaced by a piece
of the following mistakes were made? of copper wire.
(3) If copper is used to replace the blown fuse,
it will cause short circuit as copper has low
resistance.

A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (3) only
D. None of the above

END OF SECTION A
(1) The polarity of the ammeter was reversed.
(2) The polarity of the voltmeter was reversed.
(3) The voltmeter was connected across both R
and the rheostat.

A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
SECTION B: FILL IN THE BLANKS (10 marks, @1)
Fill in each blank with one suitable word. No mark will be given for an answer with wrong spelling.

1. The necessary conditions for a circuit to work are the presence of a source of ____electrical_____ energy

and a _____complete_______ circuit.

2. Pencil lead is made of ____graphite_______ which conducts electricity. On the other hand, materials

that do not conduct electricity, such as ___pure/distilled____ water, are called ____insulators____

of electricity.

3. Presence of ____chlorophyll_____, carbon dioxide, water and light are necessary for the process of

____photosynthesis_______. During this process, plants make __glucose/sugar___, which can be used

immediately or converted to _____starch________ for storage as _______chemical_____ energy.

END OF SECTION B

SECTION C: CONVENTIONAL QUESTIONS (52 marks)

1. Tony performs an experiment to study the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis. He was
provided with the following apparatus: a ruler, a lamp, a syringe, a stopper, a capillary tube, a funnel, a
beaker, a boiling tube, red ink, water, pond weed, chemical X. It is known that chemical X can provide
carbon dioxide for the pond weed.
(a) Name chemical X. (1 mark)
sodium hydrogencarbonate solution (1)
(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis. (1 mark)
6CO2+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2 (1)
(c) Draw a possible labelled set-up for the experiment. (3 marks)
Correct set-up (2)
Correct labels (1)
(d) Based on your set-up in (c):
(i) Suggest and explain a way to measure the rate of photosynthesis in the experiment. (2 marks)
Measure the drop in water level (1)
As it represents change in volume of oxygen gas released by photosynthesis of pondweed
(1)
(ii) What is an assumption behind your answer in (d)(i)? Explain briefly. (2 marks)
Rate of respiration remains constant throughout the experiment (1)
Such that any change in net production of oxygen can be attributed to the change in
photosynthetic rate (1)
(e) Suggest one modification to your experimental set-up in (c) to make sure that the result is due to
the independent variable only. Explain your answer. (3 marks)
Add a heat shield/large beaker of water between light bulb and beaker (1)
To maintain temperature of water in the beaker (1)
As temperature is a factor which affects photosynthetic rate (1)

(f) Figure 1.1 shows the result of the experiment in the form of a graph.
(i) Describe the changes in the rate of photosynthesis as light intensity increases. (2 marks)
Photosynthetic rate initially increases as light intensity increases (1)
As light intensity increases further, photosynthetic rate levels off (1)
(ii) Explain the changes mentioned in (f)(i). (2 marks)
As light intensity increases, there is more light
energy for faster rate of photosynthesis (1)
There is a limited amount of CO2 in the beaker,
limiting photosynthetic rate (1)
(g) Suggest TWO changes to your set-up in (c) which can
speed up the experiment. (2 marks)

Add more sodium hydrogencarbonate solution/chemical X (1)

Add more pondweed (1)

Figure 1.1
2. Figure 2.1 shows the oxygen production rate and carbon dioxide production rate of a green plant in a
local forest on a summer day in the form of a graph:

Figure 2.1 Figure 2.2

(a) State the times at which there is no net exchange of gases into or out of the leaves. (1 mark)
7:00 and 18:00 (1)
(b) Sketch a line on the above graph to show the oxygen production rate of the plant on a winter day.
(2 marks)
Overall lower rate of oxygen production (1)
Narrower graph (1)
(c) Referring to Figure 2.1:
(i) Compare the areas below the line showing oxygen and carbon dioxide production rate
respectively. (1 mark)
Area below line showing oxygen production rate is larger than that of carbon dioxide (1)
(ii) Explain the importance of this observation. (3 marks)
Area below line showing oxygen production rate represents food production (1)
Area below line showing CO2 production rate represents food consumption (1)
Food/energy production > consumption allows growth of plant (1)
(d) Figure 2.2 shows a food web of the living organisms in the local forest.
(i) State the source of energy in this food web. (1 mark) the Sun (1)
(ii) Referring to Figure 2.2, construct a food chain consisting of five stages. (2 marks)
Green plant → mouse → rabbit → jackal/wildcat → lion (1)
(iii) What do the arrows in a food chain show? (1 mark) energy flow (1)
(iv) State the significance of photosynthesis to other living things. (3 marks)
Photosynthesis of plants produces oxygen (1)
To maintain oxygen carbon dioxide balance in air (1)
All living things need an intake of oxygen to undergo respiration (1)
To produce energy for growth (1)
(Any 3)
3. Figure 3.1 shows part of the human respiratory system.
(a) Name the structures labelled A, B and C. (3 marks)
A: Bronchus (1)
B: Diaphragm (1)
C: Air sac (1)
(b) Compare the oxygen and carbon dioxide contents
between the blood entering and leaving C. (2 marks)
Less oxygen when entering, more oxygen when
leaving (1)
More CO2 when entering, less CO2 when leaving (1) Figure 3.1
(c) Explain why smoking may cause difficulty in breathing. (2 marks)
Tar deposits on the air sac (1)
Decreasing surface area for gas exchange (1)
(d) Mouth-to mouth ventilation is a method for rescuing a person who fails to breathe but still has a
heartbeat. It involves blowing exhaled air into the patient’s body through the mouth.
(i) Based on the composition of exhaled air, explain why this method can help the patient
stay alive before they can breathe again. (2 marks)
Exhaled air contains 16% oxygen (1)
Oxygen is supplied to body cells for respiration (1)
(ii) Suggest why it is necessary to observe whether the patient’s chest rises when blowing air
into the patient. (1 mark)
To ensure that air is blown into the lungs (1)

4. A circuit marker contains ink with silver metal powder, which is an electrical conductor. Wendy wants to
investigate whether the thickness of ink in the circuit affects the circuit’s resistance. She uses instrument Y
to measure the electric current in the circuit.
(a) Name instrument Y. (1 mark) Ammeter (1)
(b) State the hypothesis of Wendy’s investigation. (1 mark)
Increased thickness of ink decreases the circuit’s resistance (1)
(c) Explain how the thickness of the ink affects the brightness of the bulb. (3 marks)
Resistance of circuit decreases (1)
More current flows through circuit (1)
Brightness increases (1)
5. A circuit is connected as shown in Figure 5.1. The currents flowing through the light bulbs 1 and 3 are 1A
and 2A respectively. The reading on the voltmeter is 10V.

Figure 5.1
(a) Identify two light bulbs that are connected in parallel. (1 mark) 1 and 3 (1)
(b) Which bulb’s voltage is measured by the voltmeter? (1 mark) 2 (1)
(c) Compare the resistance of light bulbs 1 and 3. Explain your answer. (2 marks)
Resistance of bulb 1 is larger than 3 (1)
Since current flowing through bulb 1 is smaller than that of bulb 3 (1)
(d) Deduce the current flowing through light bulb 2. (1 marks)
Sum of currents flowing through bulb 1 and 3 = current of bulb 2.
1A+2A = 3A (1)

END OF PAPER