1 Module

Practice Test 1

Reading and Writing

27 QUESTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each

question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage

and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s).

All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a

single best answer

•
US
From 2011 to 2012 alone, sales of Greek yogurt in the
•
Because it is more concentrated, Greek yogurt contains

slightly more protein per serving, thereby helping

increased by 50 percent. The resulting increase in Greek
people stay for longer periods of time. These
yogurt production has forced those involved in the
health benefits have prompted Greek yogurt's recent
business to address the detrimental effects that the
surge in popularity. In fact, Greek yogurt can be found
yogurt-making process may be having on the
in an increasing number of products such as snack
environment. Fortunately, farmers and others in the
food and frozen desserts.
Greek yogurt business have found many methods of
Which choice completes the text with the most logical
controlling and eliminating most environmental threats.

Given these solutions as well as the many health benefits and precise word or phrase?

of the food, the advantages of Greek yogurt the

potential drawbacks of its production. A) satiated

Which choice completes the text with the most logical B) fulfilled

and precise word or phrase? C) complacent

D) sufficient
A) outdo

B) defeat

C) outperform

D) outweigh

1
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In recent years, public libraries in the United States have
•
Planned obsolescence, a practice whereby products

experienced in their operating funds due to cuts are designed to have a limited period of usefulness, has

imposed at the federal, state, and local government been a cornerstone of manufacturing strategy for the

levels. However; library staffing has been cut by almost past 80 years. This approach increases sales, but it

four percent since 2008, and the demand for librarians also stands in contrast to a time when goods

continues to decrease, even though half of public were produced to be durable. Planned obsolescence

libraries report that they have an insufficient number of wastes materials as well as energy in making and

staff to meet their patrons' needs. Employment in all job shipping new products.

sectors in the United States is projected to grow by Which choice completes the text with the most logical

fourteen percent over the next. and precise word or phrase?

Which choice completes the text with the most logical
A) austere
and precise word or phrase? B) egregious

A) reducing C) unmitigated

B) reductions D) stark

C) deducting

D) deducts

2
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The reason for Siqueiros's secrecy became clear when
•
A basic understanding of computer programming is

the mural was . The centerpiece of the work was essential. In fact, many designers begin their career as

dominated by images of native people being oppressed programmers. Consider taking some general computer

and included an eagle symbolizing the United States. science courses as well as courses in artificial

Siqueiros's political message did not please the wealthy intelligence and graphics in order to increase your

citizens who had commissioned his work. They understanding of the technical challenges involved in

eventually ordered the mural to be literally whitewashed, developing a video game. Courses in psychology and

or painted over with white paint. human behavior may help you develop

Which choice completes the text with the most logical collaboration skills, while courses in the humanities,

and precise word or phrase? such as in literature and film, should give you the

background necessary to develop effective narrative

A) confided
structures.
B) promulgated
Which choice completes the text with the most logical
C) imparted

D) unveiled and precise word or phrase?

A) emphatic
B) paramount

C) eminent

D) important

3
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This text is from Lydia Minatoya, The Strangeness of Beauty. ©1999 by Lydia Minatoya. The setting isJapan in 1920.
Chie and her daughter Naomi are members of the House of Fuji, a noble family.
Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed the form-had he asked his mother to speak

to his father to approach a go-between-would Chie have been more receptive?

Which choice best states the main purpose of the paragraph?

A) describe a culture

B) criticize a tradition

C) question a suggestion

D) analyze a reaction

4
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This passage is adapted from MacDonald Harris, The Balloonist. ©2011 by The Estate of Donald Heiney. During the
summer of 1897, the narrator of this story, a fictional Swedish scientist, set out for the North Pole in a
hydrogen-powered balloon.
My emotions are complicated and not readily verifiable. I feel a vast yearning that is simultaneously a pleasure and

a pain. I am certain of the consummation of this yearning, but I don't know yet what form it will take, since I

don't quite understand what it is that the yearning desires. For the first time there is borne in upon me the full

truth of

what I myself said to the doctor only an hour ago: that my motives in this undertaking are not entirely clear. For

years, for a ifetime, the machinery of my destiny has worked in secret to prepare for this moment; its c ockwork

has moved exactly toward this time and place and no other. Rising slowly from the earth that bore me and gave

me sustenance, I am carried helplessly toward an uninhabited and hostile, or at best indifferent, part of the

earth, littered with the bones of explorers and the wrecks of ships, frozen supply caches, messages scrawled with

chilled fingers and hidden in cairns that no eye will ever see.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

A) expose a side of the narrator that he prefers to keep hidden.

B) demonstrate that the narrator thinks in a methodical and scientific manner.

C) show that the narrator feels himself to be influenced by powerful and independent forces.

D) emphasize the length of time during which the narrator has prepared for his expedition.

5
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This passage is adapted from Joshua Foer; Moonwalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering
Everything. ©2011 byJoshua Foer.
Surprisingly, when the mental athletes were learning new information, they were engaging several regions of the

brain known to be involved in two specific tasks: visual memory and spatial navigation, including the same right

posterior hippocampal region that the London cabbies had enlarged with all their daily way-finding. At first glance,

this wouldn't seem to make any sense. Why wou d menta ath etes be conjuring images in their mind's eye when they

were trying to learn three-digit numbers? Why should they be navigating like London cabbies when they're supposed

to be remembering the shapes of snowflakes? Maguire and her team asked the mental athletes to describe exactly

what was going through their minds as they memorized. The mental athletes said they were consciously converting

the information they were being asked to memorize into images, and distributing those images along familiar spatial

journeys. They weren't doing this automatically, or because it was an inborn talent they'd nurtured since childhood.

Rather; the unexpected patterns of neural activity that Maguire's fMRis turned up were the result of training and

practice.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence?

A) raise doubts about the reliability of the conclusions reached by Maguire.

B) emphasize and elaborate on an initially puzzling result of Maguire's study of mental athletes.

C) imply that Maguire's findings undermine earlier studies of the same phenomenon.

D) introduce and explain a connection between Maguire's two studies and her earlier work.

6
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This text is adapted from ''The Story of YinMn Blue," originally published by Mas Subramanian, Joseph Tang, and
Oregon State University.
The chemical formula of YinMn Blue is Yln1-xMnx03. These compositions adopt a crystal structure in which the

chromophore responsible for the intense blue color (Mn3+) resides in the trigonal bipyramidal site. The intensity of

the color can be systematically tuned by adjusting the In:Mn ratio.. By measuring the spectral properties of this

series, it was found that Yln1-xMnx03 exhibits high absorbance in the UV region and high reflectivity in the

near-infrared region when compared to currently-used Cobalt Blue pigments...

According to the text, what is true about the relationship between the new YinMn Blue pigment and the Cobalt Blue

pigment currently used?

A) Cobalt Blue is superior for exterior conditions, while YinMn Blue is preferred for interior conditions.

B) YinMn Blue was specifically engineered to provide a color that can be chemically-adjusted for intensity,

while Cobalt Blue was not.

C) YlnMn Blue pigment is as hard to synthesize as purple pigment is, while Cobalt Blue is simpler.

D) Cobalt Blue has a lower UV absorbance and infrared reflectivity than does YinMn Blue.

7
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This text is adapted from Geoffrey Giller; "Long a
•
"On Time"is a 1633 poem by John Milton. In the poem,
Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is
Revealed." ©2014 by Scientific American. the poet implies that the passage of time cannot

Some of the largest ocean waves in the world are nearly destroy anything of real importance:

impossible to see. Unlike other large waves, these

Which quotation from "On Time" most effectively
rollers, called internal waves, do not ride the ocean
illustrates the claim?
surface. Instead, they move underwater, undetectable
A) "Which is no more than what is false and
without the use of satellite imagery or sophisticated
vain,/And merely mortal dross"
monitoring equipment. Despite their hidden nature,
B) "Fly envious Time, till thou run out thy
internal waves are fundamental parts of ocean water
race,/Call on the lazy leaden-stepping hours,"
dynamics, transferring heat to the ocean depths and
C) Attired with Stars, we shall for ever
bringing up cold water from below. And they can reach
sit/Triumphing over Death, and Chance
staggering heights-some as tall as skyscrapers.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text? D) "When everything that is sincerely good/And

A) explain how a scientific device is used. perfectly divine,"

B) note a common misconception about an event.

C) describe a natural phenomenon and address

its importance.

D) present a recent study and summarize its

findings.

8
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This passage is adapted from Taras Grescoe, Straphanger: Saving Our Cities and Ourselves from the Automobile.
©2012 by TarasGrescoe.
It doesn't have to be like this. Done right, public transport can be faster; more comfortable, and cheaper than the

private automobile. In Shanghai, German-made magnetic levitation trains skim over elevated tracks at 266 miles an

hour; whisking people to the airport at a third of the speed of sound. In provincial French towns, electric-powered

streetcars run silently on rubber tires, sliding through narrow streets along a single guide rail set into cobblestones.

From Spain to Sweden, Wi-Fi equipped high-speed trains seamlessly connect with highly ramified metro networks,

allowing commuters to work on laptops as they prepare for same-day meetings in once distant capital cities. In Latin

America, China, and India, working people board fast-loading buses that move like subway trains along dedicated

busways, leaving the sedans and SUVs of the rich mired in dawn-to-dusk traffic jams. And some cities have

transformed their streets into cycle-path freeways, making giant strides in public health and safety and the sheer

livability of their neighborhoods - in the process turning the workaday bicycle into a viable form of mass transit.

What is the central idea of the text?

A) European countries excel at public transportation.

B) Some public transportation systems are superior to travel by private automobile.

C) Americans should mimic foreign public transportation systems when possible.

D) much international public transportation is engineered for passengers to work while on board.

9
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It has long been known that the sea otters living along the West Coast of North America help keep kelp forests in

their habitat and vitality. They do this by feeding on sea urchins and other herbivorous invertebrates that graze

voraciously on kelp. With sea otters to keep the population of sea urchins in check, kelp forests can flourish. In fact,

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the text?

A) Two years or less of sea otters can completely eliminate sea urchins in a coastal area.

B) Even two years or less of sea otter presence can reduce the sea urchin threat in a coastal area.

C) kelp density increases proportionally as sea urchin density increases in a coastal area.

D) Even after sea otters were present for ten years or more, kelp intensity was still lower than sea urchin

density.

10
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Textile recycling is in its infancy, but it has the potential to make a big impact. The average American discards 70

pounds of clothing each year; only 15% of which is recycled. Of the most commonly recycled materials, only

rate is clothing. Not only can cities save on trash pick-up and disposal costs by encouraging their residents to recycle

unwanted textiles, but reusing clothing can also save resources by reducing the amount of new clothing that needs

to be manufactured. For example, producing enough virgin cotton for one pair of jeans requires 1,800 gallons of

water; buying a pair of jeans second-hand saves that water.

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the text?

A) rubber and leather are recycled at a higher

B) plastic and wood are recycled at a lower

C) yard trimmings are recycled at a higher

D) glass is recycled at a higher

11
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It is by no means to recognize the influence
•
The main environmental problem caused by the

of Dutch painter Hieronymus Bosh on Ali Banisadr's production of Greek yogurt is the creation of acid

paintings; indeed, Banisadr himself cites Bosh as an whey as a by-product. Because it requires up to four

inspiration. However, some scholars have suggested times more milk to make than conventional yogurt

that the ancient Mesopotamian poem Epic of Gilgamesh does, Greek yogurt produces larger amounts of acid

may have had a far greater impact on Banisadr's work. whey, which is difficult to dispose of. To address the

Which choice completes the text with the most logical Problem Disposal, farmers have found a number of

and precise word or phrase? uses of acid whey. They can add it to livestock feed

A) substantial protein

Which choice most logically completes the text?

B) satisfying A) supplement, and people can make their own

C) unimportant Greek-style yogurt at home by straining regular yogurt.

D) appropriate B) supplement and convert it into gas to use

as fuel in electricity production.

C) supplement, while sweet whey is more

desirable as a food additive for humans.

D) supplement, which provides an important

element of their diet.

12
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According to Box, a leading Greenland expert, tundra
•
Some people buy organic food because they believe

fires in 2012 from as far away as North America organically grown crops are more nutritious and safer

produced great amounts of soot, some of which drifted for consumption than their conventionally grown

over Greenland in giant plumes of smoke and then fell counterparts, which are usually produced with

as particles onto the ice sheet. Scientists have long pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. In the name of

known that soot particles facilitate melting by darkening health, these consumers spend $1.60 for every dollar

snow and ice, limiting their ability to reflect the Sun's they would have spent on food that is

rays. As Box explains, "Soot is an extremely powerful . Scientific evidence, however,

light absorber. It settles over the ice and captures

suggests that consumers do not reap significant
the Sun's heat." The result is a self-reinforcing cycle. As
benefits, in terms of either nutritional value or safety,
the ice melts, the land and water under the ice
from organic food.
become exposed, and since land and water are
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
darker than snow, the surface absorbs even more
the conventions of Standard English?
heat, which
A) grown in a manner that is considered

conventional
Which choice most logically completes the text?
B) grown with conventional methods, using
A) is related to the rising temperatures.
pesticides and synthetic fertilizers
B) raises the surface temperature.
C) conventionally and therefore not organically
C) begins to cool at a certain point.
grown
D) leads to additional melting. D) conventionally grown

13
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Typically, the ice sheet begins to show evidence of
•
Although advocates of organic food that

thawing in late summer, following several weeks of organic produce is healthier than conventionally

higher temperatures. However; in the summer of 2012, grown produce because it has more vitamins and

virtually the entire Greenland Ice Sheet underwent minerals, this assertion is not supported by scientific

thawing at or near its surface by mid-July, the earliest research. For instance, one review published in The

date on record. Most scientists looking for the causes of American Journal of Clinical Nutrition provided analysis

the Great Melt of 2012 have focused exclusively on of the results of comparative studies conducted over a

rising temperatures. The summer of 2012 was the span of SO years; researchers consistently found no

warmest in 170 years, records show. But Jason evidence that organic crops are more nutritious than

believes that another factor added to the early thaw: the conventionally grown ones in terms of their vitamin

"dark snow" problem. and mineral content.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to Similarly, Stanford University researchers who examined

the conventions of Standard English? almost 250 studies comparing the nutritional content

of different kinds of organic foods with that of their

A) Box, an associate professor of geology at Ohio nonorganic counterparts found very little difference

State between the two.

B) Box an associate professor of geology at Ohio Which choice completes the text with the most logical

State, and precise word or phrase?

C) Box, an associate professor of geology at Ohio A) preserve

State, B) carry on

D) Box, an associate professor of geology, at Ohio C) maintain

State D) sustain

14
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In 1932 the well-known Mexican muralist David Alfaro
•
More recently, colleges have recognized the practicality

Siqueiros was commissioned to paint a mural on the and increasing popularity of studying philosophy and

second-story exterior wall of a historic building in have markedly increased the number of philosophy

downtown Los Angeles. Siqueiros was asked to programs offered. By 2008 there were 817 programs, up

celebrate tropical America in his work, from 765 a decade before. In addition, the number of

"America Tropical." He painted the four-year graduates in philosophy has grown 46 percent

mural's first two sections, featuring images of a tropical in a decade. Also, studies have found that those

rainforest and a Maya pyramid, during the day. students who major in philosophy often do better than

However, to avoid scrutiny, Siqueiros painted the final students from other majors in both verbal reasoning

section of the mural, the centerpiece, at night. and analytical writing as these results can be measured

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to by standardized test scores. On the Graduate Record

the conventions of Standard English? Examination (GRE), for example, students intending to

A) he accordingly tilted it study philosophy in graduate school higher than

B) which he accordingly tilted students in all but four other majors.

C) accordingly he tilted it Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

D) it was tilted accordingly the conventions of Standard English?

A) has scored

B) have scored

C) scores

D) scoring

15
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Because today's students can expect to hold multiple
•
The article, published by Forbes magazine, explained

jobs - some of which may not even exist yet - during that coworking spaces are designated locations that, for

lifetime, studying philosophy allows them to be a fee, individuals can use to conduct their work. The

flexible and adaptable. High demand, advanced exam spaces are usually stocked with standard office

scores, and varied professional skills all argue for photocopiers, printers, and fax machines.

maintaining and enhancing philosophy courses and

In addition to equipment, the spaces often include small
majors within academic institutions.
meeting areas and larger rooms for hosting
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to presentations.
the conventions of Standard English? Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
A) our the conventions of Standard English?

B) one's A) equipment, such as

C) his or her B) equipment, such as:

D) their C) equipment such as:

D) equipment, such as,

16
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These days, many in philosophy have no intention of becoming philosophers; instead they plan to apply

those skills to other disciplines. Law and business specifically benefit from the complicated theoretical issues raised

in the study of philosophy, but philosophy can be just as useful in engineering or any field requiring complex

analytic skills. That these skills are transferable across professions makes them especially beneficial to twenty-first

century students.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) student's majoring in

B) students majoring

C) students major

D) student's majors

17
 •
Text 1
This text is adapted from Catharine Beecher; Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism. Originally published in 1837.
Heaven has appointed to one sex the superior, and to the other the subordinate station, and this without any

reference to the character or conduct of either. It is therefore as much for dignity as it is for the interest of females,

in all respects to conform to the duties of this relationship... But while woman holds a subordinate relation in society

to the other sex, it is not because it was designed that her duties or her duties or her influence should be any the

less important, or all-pervading. But it was designed that the mode of gaining influence and of exercising power

should be altogether different and peculiar...

Text2
Text 2 is adapted from Angelina E. Grimke, Letters to Catharine Beecher. Originally published in 1838. Grimke
encouraged Southern women to oppose slavery publicly
Human beings have rights, because they are moral beings: the rights of all men grow out of their moral nature;

and as all men have the same moral nature, they have essentially the same rights. These rights may be wrested from

the slave, but they cannot be alienated: his title to himself is as perfect now, as is that of Lyman Beecher: it is

stamped on his moral being, and is, like it, imperishable. Now if rights are founded in the nature of our moral

being, then the mere circumstance of sex does not give to man higher rights and responsibilities, than to woman.

To suppose that it does, would be to deny the self-evident truth, that the "physical constitution is the mere

instrument of the moral nature."

Beecher (Text 1) would most likely have reacted to Text 2 with

A) sympathy, because she feels that human beings owe each other a debt to work together in the world.

B) agreement, because she feels that human responsibilities are a natural product of human rights.

C) dismay, because she feels that women actually have a more difficult role to play in society than men do.

D) disagreement, because she feels that the natures of men and women are fundamentally different.

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any

other module in the test.

18
 Module
2

Reading and Writing

27 QUESTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each

question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage

and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s).

All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a

single best answer

•
Paleontologists are using modern technology to gain a
•
Popular film franchises are often "rebooted" in an

greater understanding of the distant past. With the aid effort to make their characters and stories fresh and

of computed tomography (CT) scanning and 3-D relevant for new audiences. Superhero comic books

printing, researchers are able to create accurate are periodically reworked to try to increase their appeal

models of prehistoric fossils. These models have to contemporary readers. This practice is almost as

expanded researchers' knowledge of ancient species as the medium itself and has in large part

and to advance the field of paleontology in the established the "ages" that compose comic book

years to come. history. The shift from the Golden to the Silver Age is

Which choice completes the text with the most logical probably the most successful example of publishers

and precise word or phrase? responding to changing times and tastes.

A) swear Which choice completes the text with the most logical

B) subscribe and precise word or phrase?

C) vow A) elderly

D) promise B) old

C) mature

D) geriatric

19
•
A short list of inventions by NASA includes
•
Sixty miles north of Guam and more than 1,700 feet

communications satellites, invisible braces, and under the ocean's surface is the summit of NW Rota-1,

cordless tools. All these inventions spawns new an undersea volcano discovered in 2003. Surprisingly,

industries, and with those industries, jobs. NASA also the volcano appears to have been continuously active;

sponsors the Small Business Innovation Research it even grew 130 feet in height between 2006 and 2009.

and Small Business Technology Transfer programs, Yet despite the hostile environment created by the

which are specifically designed to support constant volcanic activity, life is thriving there. Special

technological development in the private sector. adaptations are the key to survival. At that depth,

Which choice completes the text with the most logical water pressure suppresses the explosive force of the

and precise word or phrase? volcano's eruptions, allowing scientists to

A) elaborated them up close via remotely operated vehicles.

B) evolved Which choice completes the text with the most logical

C) developed and precise word or phrase?

D) progressed A) watch and observe

B) watch

C) observe to see

D) visually watch

20
•
However; most research looks at students who
•
Paying for tuition also helps businesses retain

volunteer in general, not making a distinction employees, which is important not only because it

between students who are required to volunteer by ensures a skilled and experienced workforce but also

their schools and those who volunteer willingly. One because it mitigates the considerable costs of finding,

recent study by Sara E. Helms, assistant professor of hiring, and training new workers. Employees whose

economics at Samford University in Birmingham, tuition is reimbursed often stay with their employer

Alabama, did focus specifically on volunteering. even after they complete their degrees because their

She found that students who were required to new qualifications give them opportunities for

volunteer rushed to complete their service hours in advancement within the company. The career of

early high school; they then did significantly less Valerie Lincoln, an employee at the aerospace

regular volunteer work in the twelfth grade than did company United Technologies Corporation (UTC), is a

students who were not required to volunteer. Helms significant success story for her company's

concluded that compulsory volunteering does not tuition-reimbursement program. In eight years at UTC,

necessarily create lifelong volunteers. Lincoln earned associate and bachelor's degrees in

Which choice completes the text with the most logical business and advanced from an administrative

and precise word or phrase? assistant position to an accounting associate position.

A) mandatory This allowed UTC to retain an employee with a

B) coercive knowledge of her industry and years of valuable

C) forcible experience.

D) imperative Which choice completes the text with the most logical

and precise word or phrase?

A) deep

B) hidden

C) large

D) spacious

21
■ ■
The Olympics are unique for a number of reasons. One
This passage is adapted from William Maxwell, The
involves the variety of bizarre sports - how many of us Folded Leaf. ©1959 by William Maxwell. Originally
published in 1945.
keep up with horse dressage or curling in the
The Alcazar Restaurant was on Sheridan Road near
offseason? Even for those with a vested interest in one
Devon Avenue. It was long and narrow, with tables for
of the more sports - hockey, basketball,
two along the walls and tables for four down the
soccer, tennis - the Olympics add an additional degree
middle. The decoration was art moderne, except for
of drama to the familiar.
the series of murals depicting the four seasons, and
Which choice completes the text with the most logical
the sick ferns in the front window. Lymie sat down at
and precise word or phrase?
the second table from the cash register, and ordered
A) boring his dinner. The history book, which he propped against
B) mainstream the catsup and the glass sugar bowl, had been used by
C) interesting others before him. Blank pages front and back were
D) athletic filled in with maps, drawings, dates, comic cartoons,

and organs of the body; also with names and

messages no longer clear and never absolutely legible.

On nearly every other page there was some marginal

notation, either in ink or in very hard pencil. And unless

someone had upset a glass of water, the marks on

page 177 were from tears.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

A) Introduce the main character by showing

his nightly habits

B) Indicate the date the passage takes place by

presenting period detail

C) Convey the setting by describing a place

and an object

D) Foreshadow an event that is described in

detail later in the passage

22
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Text 1

Follow the money and you will end up in space. That's the message from a first-of-its-kind forum on mining beyond

Earth. Convened in Sydney by the Australian Centre for Space Engineering Research, the event brought together

mining companies, robotics experts, lunar scientists, and government agencies that are all working to make space

mining a reality. The forum comes hot on the heels of the 2012 unveiling of two private asteroid-mining firms.

Planetary Resources of Washington says it will launch its first prospecting telescopes in two years, while Deep Space

Industries of Virginia hopes to be harvesting metals from asteroids by 2020. Another commercial venture that

sprung up in 2012, Golden Spike of Colorado, will be offering trips to the moon, including to potential lunar miners.

Within a few decades, these firms may meet earthly demands for precious metals, such as platinum and gold, and

the rare earth elements vital for personal electronics, such as yttrium and lanthanum. But like the gold rush

pioneers who transformed the western United States, the first space miners won't just enrich themselves. They also

hope to build an off-planet economy free of any bonds with Earth, in which the materials extracted and processed

from the moon and asteroids are delivered for space-based projects.

Text2

There's also the emerging off-world economy to consider. The resources that are valuable in orbit and beyond may

be very different to those we prize on Earth. Questions of their stewardship have barely been broached - and the

relevant legal and regulatory framework is fragmentary, to put it mildly.

Spaceminers, like their earthly counterparts, are often reluctant to engage with such questions. One speaker at last

week's space-mining forum in Sydney, Australia, concluded with a plea that regulation should be avoided. But

miners have much to gain from abroad agreement on the for-profit exploitation of space. Without consensus,

claims will be disputed, investments risky, and the gains made insecure. It is in all of our long-term interests to seek

one out.

The author of Text 2 would most likely respond to the discussion of the future of space mining in Text 1 by claiming

that such a future

A) is inconsistent with the sustainable use of space resources

B) will be difficult to bring about in the absence of regulations

C) cannot be attained without technologies that do not yet exist

D) seems certain to affect Earth's economy in a negative way

23
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This passage is adapted from William Maxwell, The Folded Leaf. ©1959 by William Maxwell. Originally published in
1945.
Apparently he himself was not aware that there had been any change. He straightened his tie self-consciously

and when Irma handed him a menu, he gestured with it so that the two women at the next table would notice

the diamond ring on the fourth finger of his right hand. Both of these things, and also the fact that his hands

showed signs of the manicurist, one can blame on the young man who had his picture taken with a derby hat

on the back of his head, and also sitting with a girl on the curve of the moon. The young man had never for one

second deserted Mr. Peters. He was always there, tugging at Mr. Peters' elbow, making him do things that were

not becoming in a man of forty-five.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

A) Mr. Peters neglects to spend any time with his family members.

B) Mr. Peters behaves as if he is a younger version of himself.

C) Mr. Peters is very conscious of symbols of wealth and power.

D) Mr. Peters is preoccupied with the knowledge that he is growing old.

24
•
This passage is adapted from Patricia Waldron, "Why Birds Fly in a V Formation." ©2014 by American Association
for the Advancement of Science.
Scientists do not know how the birds find that aerodynamic sweet spot, but they suspect that the animals align

themselves either by sight or by sensing air currents through their feathers. Alternatively, they may move around

until they find the location with the least resistance. In future studies, the researchers will switch to more common

birds, such as pigeons or geese. They plan to investigate how the animals decide who sets the course and the

pace, and whether a mistake made by the leader can ripple through the rest of the flock to cause traffic jams.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

A) Different types of hierarchies exist in each flock of birds

B) Mistakes can happen when long-winged birds create a V formation

C) Future research will help scientists to better understand V formations

D) Long-winged birds watch the lead bird closely to keep a V formation intact

•
"The Author to Her Book' is a 1678 poem by Anne Bradstreet. In the poem, Anne implies that If perfection can't be

achieved, the artist at some point has to accept what they've made-and be done with it,

Which quotation from "The Author to Her Book" most effectively illustrates the claim?

A) "In this array 'mongst Vulgars mayst thou roam/In Criticks hands, beware thou dost not come; /And take

thy way where yet thou art not known, /If for thy Father askt, say, thou hadst none: /And for thy Mother, she alas is

poor, /Which caused her thus to send thee out of door."

B) "I washed their face, but more defects I saw, /And rubbing off a spot, still made a flaw. /I stretched the

joints to make thee even feet, /Yet still thou run'st more hobling then is meet;/In better dress to trim thee was my

mind, /But nought save home-spun Cloth, i' th' house I find."

C) "At thy return my blushing was not small, /My rambling brat (in print) should mother call, /I cast thee by as

one unfit for light,/Thy Visage was so irksome in my sight; /Yet being mine own, at length affection would /Thy

blemishes amend, if so I could:"

25
D) "Thou ill-formed offspring of my feeble brain, /Who after birth didst by my side remain, /Till snatched from

thence by friends, less wise than true, /Who thee abroad, exposed to public view, /Made thee in rags, halting to the'

press to trudge, /Where errors were not lessened (all may judge)."

The article, published by Forbes magazine, explained that coworking spaces are designated locations that, furafee,

individuals can use to conduct their work. What most caught the interest, though, was a quotation from someone

who described coworking spaces as "melting pots of creativity." The article refers to a 2012 survey in which

. The article goes on to suggest that the most valuable resources provided by coworking spaces are

actually the people who use them.

Which choice most effectively completes the sentence with relevant and accurate information based on the graph?

A) 64 percent of respondents noted that coworking spaces prevented them from completing tasks in a given

time.

B) 71 percent of respondents indicated that using a coworking space increased their creativity.

C) respondents credited coworking spaces with giving them 74 percent of their ideas relating to business.

D) respondents revealed that their ability to focus on their work improved by 12 percent in a coworking space.

26
•
Most of Greenland's interior is covered by a thick layer of ice and compressed snow known as the Greenland Ice

Sheet. The size of the ice sheet fluctuates seasonally: in summer, average daily high temperatures in Greenland

can rise to slightly above 50 degrees Fahrenheit, partially melting the ice; in the winter, the sheet thickens as

additional snow falls, and average daily low temperatures can drop

Which choice most accurately and effectively uses data from the graph to complete the statement?

A) to as low as 20 degrees

B) to 12 degrees Fahrenheit

C) to their lowest point on December 13

D) to 10 degrees Fahrenheit and stay there for months

27
 ■

Brice Russ of Ohio State University has employed software to sort through postings on one social media site in search

of particular words and phrases of interest as well as the location from which users are posting. From these data, he

was able, among other things, to confirm regional variations in people's terms for soft drinks. As the map shows, "pop"

is commonly heard in the middle and western portions of the United States; "coke" is frequently used in many

southern states; and

Which choice most effectively uses data from the map to complete the statement?

A) "soda" is predominant in the northeastern and southwest regions but used elsewhere as well

B) "soda" is predominant in the western and southern regions but used elsewhere as well

C) "soda" is predominant in the northeastern regions but used elsewhere as well

D) "soda" is predominant in the southwest regions but used elsewhere as well

28
• ■
This text is excerpted from Gloria Steinem, My Life on Court reporters for years have been the record keepers
the Road. 2015 by Random House. The narrator, a
writer, recalls her childhood in the United States of of the court, taking notes during hearings,
America.
depositions, and other legal proceedings. Despite the
On weeknights, people came from nearby farms and
increasing use of digital recording technologies, court
summer cottages to dance to a jukebox. My father
reporters still play a vital role in courtrooms. Although
dreamed up such attractions as a living chess game,
machines can easily make digital audio recordings of
inspired by his own love of chess, with costumed
court events, they lack the nuance of human court
teenagers moving across the squares of the dance
reporters in providing a precise record.
floor. On weekends, he booked the big dance bands of
Which choice completes the text with the most logical
the 1930s and 1940s into this remote spot. People
and precise word or phrase?
might come from as far away is Toledo or Detroit to

A) scrupulous
dance to this live music on warm moonlit nights. Of
B) super-rigorous
course, paying the likes of Guy Lombardo or Duke
C) spot on
Ellington or the Anrews Sisters meant that one rainy
D) intense
weekend could wipe out a whole summer's profits, so

there was always a sense of gambling. I think my

father loved that, too.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the

text?

A) analyze the source of the father's compulsive

desire to travel

B) introduce the figures who play a role in the

narrator's remembrances

C) illustrate the father's delusions of grandeur

that harmed the family's financial well-being

D) describe the father's unique approach to

living life

29
•
By contrast, the second ("Silver") age of comics
•
Research on regional variations in English-language

was marked by characters that, though somewhat use has not only yielded answers to such intriguing

simplistic by today's standards, were more questions as how people in different parts of the

"realistic" than their Golden Age counterparts. In United States refer to carbonated beverages ("soda"?

addition to super villains, the new, soon-to-be-iconic "pop"? "coke"?) how technology can change

characters of the_ Spider-Man, the Fantastic Four, the very nature of research. While traditional,

and the Hulk among them-had to cope with human-intensive data collection still has an important

mundane, real-life problems, including paying the place in language studies, the explosion of social

rent, dealing with family squabbles, and facing media has opened new avenues for investigation.

anger; loneliness, and ostracism. Their interior lives Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

were richer and their motivations more complex. the conventions of Standard English?

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to A) it also illustrates

the conventions of Standard English? B) and also illustrates

A) age: C) but also illustrates

B) age; D) illustrating

C) age,

D) age-

30
•
Not all research into regional English varieties
•
Artists such as these Brooklyn performers find that

requires such time, effort, and resources, however. crowdfunding exacerbates problems that already exist.

Today's researchers have found that the veritable while more complex work goes

army of trained volunteers traveling the country

unnoticed. 27 Time that could be used creating art
conducting face-to-face interviews can sometimes be
is spent devising clever perks to draw the attention
the vast array of individuals of potential contributors. In addition, audiences
volunteering details about their lives-and, may contain many "free riders," who did not make
inadvertently, their language-through social media. contributions.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
the conventions of Standard English?
the conventions of Standard English?
A) replaced by another army
A) Work, that is easily understood and
B) replaced-by another army,
appreciated, is supported,
C) replaced by another army; B) Work that is easily understood and
D) replaced by another army: appreciated is supported,

C) Work that is easily understood, and

appreciated is supported

D) Work - that is easily understood and

appreciated - is supported,

31
•
While worrisome, the decline of traditional print
•
Nast's campaign to bring down Tweed and the

media could not entail the end of investigative Tammany Hall gang was ultimately successful. In the

journalism. Although many newsrooms have reduced elections of 1871, the public voted against most of the

their staff, some still employ investigative reporters. Tammany Hall candidates, greatly weakening Tweed's

Nonprofit the Organized Crime and power. Eventually, Tweed and his gang were

Corruption Reporting Project has begun to fill the void prosecuted on a number of charges, including fraud

created by staff losses at newspapers and magazines. and larceny, and many of them were sent to jail. In

Enterprising freelance reporters, newly funded by 1875 Tweed escaped from jail and fled to Spain and

nonprofits, make extensive use of social media, unwittingly brought about one final for the

including biogs and Twitter; to foster a public power of political cartoons: A Spanish police officer

conversation about key issues. recognized Tweed from one of Nast's cartoons.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to Consequently, Tweed was sent back to jail, and Nast

the conventions of Standard English? was hailed as the man who toppled the great

A) enterprises such as Tammany Hall machine.

B) enterprises: such as Which choice completes the text with the most logical

C) enterprises such as: and precise word or phrase?

D) enterprises, such as A) pinnacle

B) triumph

C) culmination

D) apex

32
•
The exposure by Washington Post reporters Bob
•
The Association of American Medical Colleges predicts

Woodward and Carl Bernstein of government a shortage of over 90,000 physicians by 2020; by

misconduct in the Watergate scandal resulted in the 2025, that number could climb to more than 130,000.

resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974. More In some parts of the country, shortages are already a

recently, Seymour Hersh, reporting for the New Yorker sad fact of life. A 2009 report by the Bureau of Health

in 2004, helped publicize the mistreatment of Iraqi Professions notes that although a fifth of the US

prisoners by US personnel at Abu Ghraib during the population lives in rural areas, less than a tenth of US

Iraq War. In these and other cases, exposure from physicians serve that population. Because a

reporters has served as an important traditionalist response to the crisis-

malfeasance. medical-college enrollments and expanding physician

Which choice completes the text with the most logical training programs-is too slow and costly to address

and precise word or phrase? the near-term problem, alternatives are being

A) blockade to or scolding of explored. One promising avenue has been greater

B) interference to or condemnation of reliance on physician assistants (PAs).

C) drag on or reproof of Which choice completes the text with the most logical

D) deterrent or rebuke to and precise word or phrase?

A) amping up

B) bolstering

C) arousing

D) rewing up

33
•

Duncan Watts, a network scientist at Microsoft Research in New York City, agrees with that conclusion. "[But] one

question is whether the positive [herding] bias is specific to this site" or true in general, Watts says. He points out

that the category of the news items in the experiment had a strong effect on how much people could be

manipulated. "I would have thought that 'business' is pretty similar to 'economics,' yet they find a much

stronger effect (almost 50% stronger) for the former than the latter. What explains this difference? If we're

going to apply these findings in the real world, we'll need to know the answers."

Data presented in the figure most directly supports which idea from the passage?

A) The mean score of artificially down-voted comments is similar to that of the control.

B) The patterns observed in the experiment suggest that people are suspicious of negative social influence.

C) The positive bias observed in users of the news site may not apply to human behavior in other contexts.

D) The type of story being commented on has an impact on the degree to which people can be influenced.

34
 •
This text is adapted fromJoshua Foer; Moonwalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything.
©2011 byJoshua Foer.
In 2000, a neuroscientist at University College London named Eleanor Maguire wanted to find out what effect, if any,

all that driving around the labyrinthine streets of London might have on cabbies' brains. When she brought

sixteen taxi drivers into her lab and examined their brains in an MRI scanner, she found one surprising and

important difference. The right posterior hippocampus, a part of the brain known to be involved in spatial

navigation, was 7 percent larger than normal in the cabbies-a small but very significant difference. Maguire

concluded that all of that way-finding around London had physically altered the gross structure of their brains.

The more years a cabbie had been on the road, the more pronounced the effect. The brain is a mutable organ,

capable-within limits-of reorganizing itself and readapting to new kinds of sensory input, a phenomenon known

as neuroplasticity. It had long been thought that the adult brain was incapable of spawning new neurons-that

while learning caused synapses to rearrange themselves and new links between brain cells to form, the brain's

basic anatomical structure was more or less static. Maguire's study suggested the old inherited wisdom was

simply not true.

According to the passage, Maguire's findings regarding taxi drivers are significant because they

A) demonstrate the validity of a new method

B) provide evidence for a popular viewpoint

C) call into question an earlier consensus

D) Challenge the authenticity of previous data

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any

other module in the test.

35
2 Module
1

Math
27 QUESTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is

permitted for all questions.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.

• Figures provided are drawn to scale.

• All figures lie in a plane.

• The domain of a given function fis the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.

The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.

The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

36
2 Module
1

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem, choose the correct answer from

the choices provided, and then circle your answer in this book. Circle only one answer

for each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle. You will not get

credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no

answers circled.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and write your

answer next to or under the question in the test book as described below.

• Once you've written your answer; circle it clearly. You will not receive credit for anything

written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.

• If you find more than one correct answer, write and circle only one answer.

• Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6

characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer; but no more.

• If your answer is a fraction that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6

characters for negative), write the decimal equivalent.

• If your answer is a decimal that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6

characters for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.

• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½ 2 ), write it as an improper fraction (7/2)

or its decimal equivalent (3.5).

• Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled

answer

37
 II
If 4x + 8 = 16, what is the value of Zx + 4? It took 90 hours to paint a building that has a surface

A) 2 area of 18,000 square feet. If the building was painted

B) 4 at a constant rate, at what rate, in square feet per hour,

C) 6 was the building painted?

D) 8 A) 100

B) 200

C) 400

D) 500

y
j
\ I
I\ 6 I
' V
'\ I
I
2 I\, I
II.
\I -
=6- .=4_ .=2 0 I 4_ 6- X
V ' - -
12 I \
1 V I\
I 41/
V. \
ri6 \

The equations in a system are graphed in the xy-plane shown. Which of the following ordered pairs (x, y) is the

solution to this system?

A) (0, -4)

B) (0, 3)

C) (2, 0)

D) (2, 2)

38
 •
A wheel rotates at a constant rate. If the wheel
•
A veterinarian recommends that a certain puppy eat 21

completes 2 rotations in 10 seconds, how many ounces of puppy food per day. At this rate, how many

rotations does it complete in 30 seconds? ounces of puppy food is recommended per week?

A) 22 A) 3

B) 20 B) 14

C) 6 C) 28

D) 5 D) 147

•
The scatterplot shows the percent of US adults who owned a cell phone from 2006 through 2011. A line of best fit

for the data is also shown. Which of the following linear functions could be the equation for the line of best fit,

where p(x) is the percent of US adults who owned a cell phone, xis the number of years since 2006, and 0 x

A) p(x) =
3x
B) p(x)
3x + 73

C) p(x) = 3x

D) p(x) 3x + 73

39
 •
Approximately how many ki ograms are equivalent to
•
During a recent week, a travel agent booked a total of

88 pounds? (Use 1 kilogram = 2.2

50 vacation packages. If one of the 50 vacation
pounds)
packages is selected at random, the probability that
A) 40
it includes airfare is 0.4. How many of the 50
B) 44
vacation packages that the travel agent booked
C) 176
include airfare?
D) 194
A) 4

B) 20

C) 40

D) 50

The dot plots show 13 data values from group I and 13 data values from group II. Which of the following

statements best compares the means and standard deviations of the values for each group?

A) The mean of group I is greater than the mean of group II, and the standard deviation of group I is

greater than the standard deviation of group II.

B) The mean of group II is greater than the mean of group I, and the standard deviation of group II is

greater than the standard deviation of group I.

C) The mean of group I is greater than the mean of group II, but the standard deviations of group I and

group II are the same.

D) The mean of group II is greater than the mean of group I, but the standard deviations of group I and

group II are the same.

40
 •
Which of the following expressions is equivalent to

In the equation above, p is a constant greater than 1. 6x +4

Zx , where x -f. O?
What is the value oft?
A) 3 + .1...
X

B) 3x + 2

C) 3x + 2

D) 3 + 2

•
During a basketball tournament, the number of teams playing in each round is half the number of teams

playing in the previous round. Which of the following types of functions best models the number of teams

playing as a function of the number of the round being played?

A) Decreasing linear

B) Increasing linear

C) Decreasing exponential

D) Increasing exponential

41
 •

In the xy-plane shown, AC and CD are congruent. Point E (not shown), with coordinates (x, y), will be placed on

the plane so that L.DEC is congruent to L.ABC. Which of the following could be the value of y?

A) 2

B) 3

C) 5

D) 7

•
P(x) = - 2
0.09x + 26.Bx - 24.5

The function shown models the relationship between the profit P(x), in thousands of dollars, a company makes,

and x, the number of product units sold. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the value - 24. 5 in

this context?

A) The maximum profit, in thousands of dollars, the company can make from selling this product.

B) The profit, in thousands of dollars, when O product units are sold.

C) The number; in thousands, of product units sold to make a profit of O dollars.

D) The number; in thousands, of product units sold to maximize the profit made.

42
 •
In 2016, an energy company recorded the number of (x
•
+ 3) + (y 2) = 43

homes powered by solar energy in nine US states the (x + 3) (y 2) = 67

company serviced.
If (x, y) is the solution to the system of equations

above, what is the value of 4(x + 3)?

If the company excluded California and Colorado from

the data set, which of the following best describes how

the mean and median number of homes powered by

solar energy would change?

A) The mean and median would both remain

unchanged.

B) The mean and median would both decrease.

C) The mean would remain unchanged, and the

median would decrease.

D) The mean would decrease, and the median

would remain unchanged.

43
 • •
g(x) = 2x - 141

The function g is defined above. For what value of x

does g(x) = 71?

The points on the scatterplot for each day show the

number of times a specific mutation was observed in a

culture of a certain strain of cells. A line of best fit for

the data is also shown. For how many of the

observations was the number of mutations less than

predicted by the line of best fit?

•
4(x - 3)
•
2
= 9(x - 2)2 The volume of a rectangular prism with a square base

If x = c is a solution to the equation above and c > 0, is 6000 cubic inches. If the area of each of the four

what is the value of c? lateral faces is 300 square inches, what is the area,
in

square inches, of the square base?

44
 •
/ + 4x + k = 0
• Kendall Park

In the equation shown, k is a constant. If the equation Daily Cabin Rental Fees

has no real solutions, which of the following could be

Season Rustic cabin Deluxe cabin
the value of k?
Summer $115 $175
A) 6

B) 4 Fall $90 $140

C) 3
Winter $70 $110
D) 2
Spring $90 $140

Kendall Park offers 2 cabins for rent. The rental fee for

each cabin depends on the season of the year. The

table above shows the daily rental fees for the 2 cabins

this year.

The rental fees this fall are 20% higher than they were

last fall. If Jerome rented the rustic cabin for 6 days last

fall, what was the total cost of his rental?

A) $450

B) $540

C) $575

D) $648

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any

other module in the test.

45
2 Module
2

Math
27 QUESTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is

permitted for all questions.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.

• Figures provided are drawn to scale.

• All figures lie in a plane.

• The domain of a given function fis the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.

The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.

The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

46
2 Module
1

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem, choose the correct answer from

the choices provided, and then circle your answer in this book. Circle only one answer

for each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle. You will not get

credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no

answers circled.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and write your

answer next to or under the question in the test book as described below.

• Once you've written your answer; circle it clearly. You will not receive credit for anything

written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.

• If you find more than one correct answer, write and circle only one answer.

• Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6

characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer; but no more.

• If your answer is a fraction that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6

characters for negative), write the decimal equivalent.

• If your answer is a decimal that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6

characters for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.

• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½ 2 ), write it as an improper fraction (7/2)

or its decimal equivalent (3.5).

• Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled

answer

47
 ..
If n > 0, which of the following is equivalent ton y

decreased by 20%?
0 l
A) 0.2n

B) 0.8n

C) 1.2n

D) 1.8n

Which of the following is an equation of line AB in

the xy-plane shown?

A) lOx + 6y = - 60

B) lOx - 6y = - 60

C) lOx + 6y = 60

D) lOx - 6y = 60

D
3x + 2y = 16

6x + 2y = 28

If the system of equations above has solution (x, y),

what is the value of x + y?

In the right triangle above, sin 8 = f. If AC

what is the value of n?

48
 El
If the xy-plane, the graph of y = x2 + bx + c, where band c are constants, has x-intercepts at x =- 2 and

x =- 6. What is the value of b?

Car.s Registered ill Town X

21t Percent o.f
Car color registered cars
5
.Black 13%
Blue 7%
Gray 7%
Silver 28.%
\i\'1iite 32%
Other 13%
,l lrawn l . ·al. ,
The table above shows the distribution of color for
The circle above has center o, and AC is the diameter
the 4000 cars registered in Town X. Based on the

table, how many more white cars than black cars are
of the circle. If the radius of the circle is ! and the
registered in Town X?
length of arc BC is s",what is the value of x?
2

A) 24

B) 36

C) 42

D) 54

49
 II
S(x - 3) = 10x +5
y
What value of x satisfies the equation above?

A) -4

B)

C) 5

D) 15

--+--------t-"-1"'"------+-------.'.l ...---+--Fl•X

01 I 2 3 4 5 6
Line segment GH and point Rare shown in the xy

-plane. If line I (not shown) contains point R and is

perpendicular to line segment GH, which of the following is

an equation of line l?

A) - 4x + 3y 6

B) - 3x + 4y = 8

C) 3x + 4y 8

D) 4x + 3y 6

50
Ify
• •
= x + ½andz = 2x - 3,whichofthe

following is equivalent toy + yz?

A) 2/ - x - 1

B) 2/ - x - 2

C) 2/- x _...!._
2

D) 2/ - 2_x 2.
2

A student walks x kilometers (km) along a straight

path from point P to point Q to point R. What is the

total distance, x + y, in km, that the student walks?

A) 2.0

B) 3.5

C) 5.5

D) 8.0

•
An electric company charges Jerome $0.05 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) of energy he uses in his house. If Jerome

was charged $36 by the electric company, how many kilowatt-hours of energy did Jerome use?

A) 0.0014

B) 1.8

C) 180

D) 720

51
 •
Which of the following equivalent forms of the
•
A scientist conducted an experiment and selected

a function f(x) = 4/ + 4x - 24 is the most random sample of runners from a list of all high

suitable to indicate the x-coordinates of x-intercepts school track participants from a certain city. The

of the graph of y = f (x) in the xy-plane? scientist randomly assigned each runner to one of
2
A) f(x) = 4(x + x - 6) two treatment groups, and the results of the

B) f(x) = 4(x - 2)(x + 3) experiment were found to be statistically significant.

C) f(x) = 2(x - 2)(2x + 6) To which of the following populations can the results

D) f(x) = (2x - 4)(2x + 6) of the experiment be safely generalized?

A) All high school athletes

B) All high school track participants from

the city

C) All high school track participants from

the country

D) All runners

•
Raymond's weekly income consists of a base salary for a 40-hour workweek plus overtime pay. The overtime

pay is paid at an hourly rate for the time that Raymond works in addition to his 40-hour workweek.

Raymond's weekly income, in dollars, can be represented by the expression 800 + 30x, where xis the total
number of hours Raymond works over 40 hours. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the

number 800 in this context?

A) Raymond's base weekly salary, in dollars

B) Raymond's total overtime pay for the workweek, in dollars

C) The total number of hours in a year that Raymond works in addition to his normal 40-hour

workweeks

D) Raymond's hourly wage, in dollars per hour, for time worked in addition to his normal 40-hour

workweek

52
 •
A city with 120,000 residents is voting on a proposal that would eliminate overnight parking of vehicles on

the city's streets. An independent company randomly surveys 1,200 residents to see whether or not

residents would support this proposal. The outcome of the survey shows that 60% of the residents surveyed

approve of the proposal with a margin of error of 2%. Which of the following statements is a plausible

conclusion from the outcome of the survey?

A) Exactly 60% of city residents approve eliminating overnight parking.

B) There are 72,000 city residents who approve eliminating overnight parking.

C) About 2% of the city residents do not approve eliminating overnight parking.

D) Between 58% and 62% of the city residents approve eliminating overnight parking.

•
For gym class, Shayla completed a 4-mile walking
•
For gym class, Shayla completed a 4-mile walking

and running exercise. She ran for 7t miles and she and running exercise. She ran for 7t miles and she

walked for 3( !- t) miles, where tis the total walked for 3( !- t) miles, where tis the total

amount of time, in hours, Shayla spent running. The amount oftime, in hours, Shayla spent running. The

equation 7t + 3( !- t) models this situation. equation 7t + 3( !- t) models this situation.

What is the value oft in the equation that models What was the total distance that Shayla spent

this situation? walking and running, in ki ometers? (Use 1 mile=

7
A) 1.61 kilometers)
50
7
B) A) 0.40
20

C) 1 B) 4.00
360

D) C) 6.44
13
15

D) 10.53

•
x-3=3-,Jx
•
Ifxisthesolution to the equation above, what

is the value of ?

A) 1

53
 B) -H- Sierra recorded the gender and eye color of all

C) )3 the students in her biology class. The results are

D) 3 shown in the table above. If a male student is

selected at random from Sierra's biology class,

what is the probability that he will have brown

eyes?
2
A)
3

2
B)
5

3
C)
7

3
D) 13

• •
4v
2
+ 6v + l = 0

Which of the following values is a solution to the

equation above?
A) -=i±.:li.
4

B) 3+,/G
- 4

C) 1.±Jl.
4

D)
.l±fil._
4

In the figure above, MCD is a right triangle and BE is

parallel to CD. What is the perimeter of MCD to the

nearest tenth of a unit?

A) 29.7

B) 36.0

C) 41.5

D) 50.9

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any

other module in the test.

54