PROMISE
INTERVIEW QUESTION-139
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@Duvvuru Kishore
In asynchronous JavaScript, promises are
crucial for handling tasks that take time to
complete, like server requests.
What is a Promise?
A promise is an object that represents the eventual
completion or failure of an asynchronous operation
and its resulting value. It allows you to write cleaner,
more manageable code by handling asynchronous
tasks efficiently.
Promise States
Pending: The initial state. The operation hasn't
completed yet.
Fulfilled: The operation completed successfully,
and you have a result.
Rejected: The operation failed, and you have a
reason for the failure.
Using Promises
.then(): Once a promise is fulfilled, you can use
.then() to specify what should happen next. It's like
saying, "When this task is done, do this next step.
.catch(): If a promise is rejected, .catch() allows you
to handle the error, ensuring your application can
gracefully recover or inform the user.
Promise Example
Engaging Analogy: The Pizza Order
Imagine promises as placing an order for a delicious
pizza:
Pending: You place the order and wait. The promise is
pending.
Fulfilled: The pizza arrives hot and fresh. The promise is
fulfilled, and you enjoy your meal.
Rejected: The pizzeria calls to say they're out of
ingredients. The promise is rejected, and you need a
backup plan.
By thinking of promises like this, you can better
understand how they help manage asynchronous tasks
in a logical, predictable way.
Drawbacks of Promises
While promises improve asynchronous handling, they
can sometimes lead to complex and nested chains of
.then() and .catch() calls, making code harder to read
and maintain. This is often referred to as “promise hell”.
Promise hell example
To address these drawback, ES2017 introduced
async/await, allowing developers to write
asynchronous code that looks and behaves like
synchronous code:
async Function:
Declares a function that returns a promise.
await Keyword:
Pauses the execution of the async function,
waiting for the promise to resolve or reject.
async/await example
Mastering promises and async/await is crucial for
modern web development. They enable you to
handle asynchronous operations effectively,
improving code readability and maintainability.
Understanding these concepts will not only impress
interviewers but also enhance your ability to build
responsive, efficient applications.
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