SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ( PART _ 1)

SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2024

Q. 1. (A)
(i) (B)
(ii) (A)
(iii) (C)
(iv) (B)
(v) (B)

Q. 1. (B)
(i) Copper and Tin
(ii) True
(iii) Retina
(iv) The angle of refraction is 0°.
(v) Electric motor, Electric fan

Q. 2. (A)
(i) (1) Sodium reacts so vigorously with atmospheric oxygen that it catches fire if
kept in the open.
(2) It does not react with kerosene and sinks in it. Hence, to protect sodium
and to prevent accidental fires it is always kept in kerosene.
(ii) (1) 
When an object is placed within the focal length of a magnifying glass or
simple microscope ( convex lens ), its larger and erect image is obtained on
the same side of the lens as that of the object.

(2) By adjusting the distance between the object and the lens, the image can be
obtained at the minimum distance of distinct vision. Thus, a watch repairer
can see the minute parts of a watch more clearly with the aid of a magnifying
glass ( a simple microscope ) than with the naked eye, without any stress on
the eye. Hence, watch repairers use a magnifying glass ( a simple microscope )
while repairing the watches.
(iii) (1) In a space, nonessential objects such as the parts of launchers and satellites,
revolving around the earth are called the debris in space.
(2) The debris can be harmful to the artificial satellites. They can collide with
the satellites or spacecrafts and damage them. In that case, the satellite/
spacecraft will not be able to function properly.
Hence, it is necessary to manage the debris.

SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2024 1

Q. 2. (B)
(i) Given Data :
 
v1 = 3 × 108 m/s;

n = 1.33

v2 = ?
Solution :
v
n= 1

v2

3 × 108
∴ 1.33 =
v2

3 × 108
∴ v2 =
1.33

v2 =2.25 × 108 m/s (Velocity of light in water)

(ii) (a) Regelation.

(b) The phenomenon in which ice converts into liquid due to applied pressure
and then reconverts to ice, once the pressure is removed is called regelation.

(iii) (a) The above chemical reaction is Redox reaction.

(b) Type of reaction A is Reduction reaction.
Type of reaction B is Oxidation reaction.

(iv) Column 1 Column 2 Column 3

(1) Triad Average of the atomic masses of first and the Dobereiner
third elements.
(2) Octave Properties of the eighth element are similar to Newlands
first.
(v) 
(a) Escape Velocity : The minimum velocity required by an object to overcome
downward pull by the earth and escape the earth forever is called escape
velocity.
(b) Whenever an object moves under the influence of gravity alone/its path is
called free fall.
Q. 3.
(i) (1) Type of chemical reaction is Decomposition reaction.
(2) When lime stone is heated, calcium oxide and carbon dioxide are formed. This
carbon dioxide gas is passed through freshly prepared lime water, insoluble
calcium carbonate and water are formed. In this reaction, lime water turns
milky.
(3) It is an Exothermic reaction.
(ii) 
(a) Compound microscope.
(b) Higher magnification can be obtained by the combined effect of the two lenses.
(c) It is used to observe blood corpuscles, plant and animal cells, microorganisms
like bacteria, etc.

2 SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2024

 (iii) (a) The three major phenomena responsible for rainbow formation are dispersion,
internal reflection and refraction.
(b) When a ray of light from the sun enters a water droplet, it gets refracted as the
medium changes from air to water.
(c) Light ray
Refraction and
dispersion
Viol Red
et

Water droplet
Internal
reflection

Violet
Refraction
Red

Formation of rainbow

(iv) (a) 
The element in which both the shells are completely filled with electrons is
Neon (Ne).

(b) The element which has same number of electrons in both the shells is Beryllium
(Be).

(c) Lithium is the most electropositive element in this period.

(v) The value of the acceleration due to gravity, g, changes from place to place on the
earth. It also varies with the altitude and depth below the earth’s surface. The
factors affecting the value of g are the shape of the earth, altitude and depth below
the earth’s surface.

(1) The earth is not perfectly spherical. It is somewhat flat at the poles and bulging
at the equator. At the surface of the earth, the value of g is maximum
( 9.832 m/s2) at the poles as the polar radius is minimum, while it is minimum
( 9.78 m/s2) at the equator as the equatorial radius is maximum.

(2) As the height ( h ) above the earth’s surface increases, the value of g decreases.
1
It varies as , where R is radius of the earth.
( R + h )2

(3) In the interior of the earth, on the average, the value of g is less than that at
the earth’s surface. As the depth below the earth’s surface increases, the value
of g decreases and finally it becomes zero at the centre of the earth.
(vi) (a) Metallurgy : The process used for extraction of metals in their pure form from
their ores, then metals are further purified by different methods of purification.
All the process is called metallurgy.
(b) Ores : The minerals from which metals are extracted profitably and conveniently
are called ores. Examples : Bauxite (Al2O3 . H2O), Cinnabar (HgS).
(c) Gangue : Ores contain metal compounds with some of the impurities like soil,
sand, rocky material, etc. These impurities are called gangue.

SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2024 3

 (vii) (a) INSAT, GSAT satellite series is actively working in the field of telecommunication,
television and meteorological services.
(b) EDUSAT satellite series is specially working in the field of education.
(c) IRNSS satellite series is used to exactly locate the position of any place on the
earth’s surface.
(viii) (a) 
If we heat water from 0°C up to 4°C, it contracts instead of expanding. At 4°C its
volume is minimum (due to contraction). If the water is heated further, it expands
and hence its density decreases. This behaviour of water between its temperature
from 0°C to 4°C is called anomalous behaviour of water.
(b) 
In cold regions, during winter, the temperature of the atmosphere falls well
below 0°C. As the temperature decreases, the water at the surfaces of lakes
and ponds starts contracting. Hence, its density increases and it sinks to the
bottom. This process continues till the temperature of all the water in a lake
falls to 4°C. As the water at the surface cools further, i.e. its temperature falls
below 4°C, it starts expanding instead of contracting. Therefore, its density
decreases and it remains at the surface. The temperature of the water at the
surface continues to fall to 0°C. Finally, the water at the surface is converted
into ice, but the water below the layer of ice is at 4°C. Ice is a bad conductor
of heat. Hence, the layer of the ice at the surface does not allow transfer of heat
from the water to the atmosphere. As the water below the layer of ice remains
at 4°C, fish and other aquatic animals and plants can survive in it.
Q. 4.
 (i) (a) Working of an electric generator.
(b) The working of an electric generator is based on the principle of electromagnetic
induction. When the coil of an electric generator rotates in a magnetic field, a
current is induced in the coil. This induced current then flows in the circuit
connected to the coil.
Working : When the axle is rotated with a machine from outside, the coil ABCD
(c) 
starts rotating. Suppose the coil rotates in clockwise direction, as observed from
the side AD, then as the branch AB moves upward, the branch CD moves
downward. By Fleming’s right hand rule, the induced current flows in the direction
A → B → C → D and in the external circuit, it flows from B2 to B1 through the
galvanometer. The induced current is proportional to the number of turns of the
copper wire in the coil. After half a rotation, AB and CD interchange their places.
Hence, the induced current flows in the direction D → C → B → A. As AB is
always in contact with B1 and CD is in contact with B2, the current in the external
circuit flows from B1 to B2 through the galvanometer. Thus, the direction of the
current in the external circuit is opposite to that in the previous half rotation. The
process goes on repeating and alternating current is generated.
(d) This machine is used to produce electricity.

4 SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2024

 (ii) (a) The compound which contains carbon and hydrogen as the only two elements are
called hydrocarbons.
(b) Methane (CH4) is the smallest hydrocarbon.

(c) The carbon compound having a double or triple bond between two carbon atoms
is called unsaturated compound.

(d) Alkene Alkyne

(i) 
The unsaturated hydrocarbons (i) 
The unsaturated hydrocarbons

containing a carbon-carbon double containing a carbon-carbon triple

bond are called alkenes. bond are called alkynes.

(ii) 
Alkenes have a general formula of (ii) Alkynes have a general formula of

CnH2n. CnH2n − 2.

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