Chapter

Biotechnology and its

18 Application
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Topic Topic Biotechnological Applications

1 Basis of Classification 2 in Agriculture

1. Application like bioremediation, processed food, 5. A novel strategy was adopted to prevent
therapeutics and diagnostics are related to Meloidiogyne incognita infection in tobacco
(a) Biochemistry (b) Microbiology plants that was based on the process of-
(c) Biotechnology (d) Medical Science (a) DNA interference (b) RNA interference
(c) RNA initiation (d) DNA initiation
2. ____ is/are the critical research area(s) of
biotechnology. 6. RNAi stand for
(a) Creating optimal conditions for catalyst to (a) RNA inteferon (b) RNA interference
to function (c) RNA inactivation (d) RNA initiation
(b) Providing the best catalyst
7. RNAi takes place in all ____ organisms as a
(c) Developing down streaming processing
method of ____.
technique
(a) prokaryotes, insect resistant
(d) All of the above
(b) eukaryotes, insect resistant
3. Biotechnology mainly deals with (c) eukaryotes, cellular defence
(a) Industrial scale production of (d) prokaryotes, cellular defence
biopharmaceuticals
8. ____ is used for silencing of an unwanted gene.
(b) Biological use of genetically modified
(a) RNA (b) DNA polymerase
microbes, fungi, plants and animals
(c) Restriction enzyme (d) All of these
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these 9. Silencing of mRNA molecule in order to control
the production of a harmful protein has been
4. Which of the following is not included in the
used in the protection of plants from:
applications of biotechnology?
(a) Beetles (b) Armyworm
(a) Waste treatment
(c) Budworm (d) Nematodes
(b) Conventional hybridisation
(c) Energy production 10. Transposons are also known as
(d) Genetically modified crops (a) Silenced gene
(b) Plesotropic genes
(c) Mobile genetic elements
(d) Both (a) and (c)
244 Zoology
11 Tobacco plant resistant to a nemotode have been 18. The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis produce
developed by the introduction of DNA and it is ____ plants which reduces the amount of ____
produced in the host cells as used.
(a) a particular hormone (a) disease resistant, insecticide
(b) toxic protein (b) insect resistant, fertilizers
(c) both sense and antisense RNA (c) disease resistant, industrial enzyme
(d) an antifeedant (d) insect resistant, insecticide

12. Which of the following options is not for 19. Which of the following crops are modified using
increasing food production? Bacillus thuringiensis?
(a) Agro-chemical based agriculture (a) Corn and cotton
(b) Organic agriculture (b) Tomato and rice
(c) Genetic engineered crop-based agriculture (c) Potato and soyabean
(d) None of these (d) All of the above

13. Organic agriculture is a technique of raising 20. Which of the following is being grown in India
crops for by farmers as Bt crop?
(a) increased food production (a) Maize (b) Brinzal
(b) reduction in required labour (c) Cotton (d) Soyabean
(c) increasing the use of agro-chemicals
21. By inserting a piece of DNA from ____, insect
(d) Both (a) & (c)
resistant transgenic cotton has been produced.
14. Use of genetically modified crops in crop field (a) a wild relative of cotton
may (b) bacterium
(a) reduce the harmful effects of fertilizers (c) an insect
(b) maximize yield (d) virus
(c) be environment friendly
22. Some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis produce
(d) All of the above
proteins that kill insect like
15. Plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes (a) Lepidopterans (b) Coleopterans
have been altered by manipulation are called (c) Dipterans (d) All of these
(a) Pest resistant organisms
23. Coleopterans examples are/is-
(b) Hybrid organisms
(a) Flies (b) Mosquitoes
(c) Genetically modified organisms
(c) Beetles (d) All of the above
(d) Insect resistant organisms
24. Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals
16. Golden rice is genetically modified crop plant
which contain a-
with incorporated gene meant for biosynthesis
(a) Simple protein
of
(b) Non-toxic insecticidal protein
(a) Vitamin E (b) Vitamin K
(c) Toxic insecticidal protein
(c) Omega-3 (d) Vitamin A
(d) Simple lipids
17. ____ is produced by Bacillus thuringiensis.
25. Why does Bt toxin protein crystal not kill the
(a) t-toxin (b) Bt toxin
Bacillus? Because-
(c) An acid (d) All of these
(a) Bacteria encloses toxins in special sac
(b) Bacteria are resistant to toxin
Biotechnology and its Application 245
(c) Toxin occurs as inactive protoxins in bacteria production of tobacco?
(d) All of the above (a) Melodiogyne incognitia
(b) Ascaris
26. Bt toxin kills insect by-
(c) Wuckereria
(a) Inhibiting protein synthesis
(d) Interobious
(b) Generating excessive heat
(c) Creating pores leading to cell swelling and
lysis in the midgut epithelial cells
Topic Biotechnological Applications in
(d) None of these 3 Medicine
27. The choice of genes of Bacillus thuringiensis,
34. The first human hormone produced by
incorporated into the crop depends upon
recombinant technology is
(a) Crop (b) Targeted pest
(a) Oestrogen (b) Progesterone
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Toxin
(c) Thyroxine (d) Insulin
28. The crops having cry genes need
35. The demerits of using bovine insulin (from
(a) Small amount of fungicide
cow) and porcine insulin (from pig) in diabetic
(b) Large amount of pesticide
patients is-
(c) Small amount of insecticide
(a) It leads to hypercalcemic condition
(d) None of the above
(b) It may cause allergic reaction
29. The Bt toxin protein (c) It is expensive
(a) obstruct a biosynthetic pathway (d) All of the above
(b) causes death of the insect
36. The two polypeptides of human insulin are
(c) stops egg laying of adult
linked together by
(d) generate excessive heat
(a) Phosphodiester bonds
30. Cotton bollworm is controlled by- (b) Disulphide bridge
(a) Cry I Ac, Cry II Ab (c) Hydrogen bonds
(b) Cry I Ac, Cry II Ac, Cry I Ab (d) None of the above
(c) Cry II Ac, Cry I Ab
37. ____ is removed during the maturation of
(d) Cry I Ab
proinsulin to insulin.
31. Bt corn has been made resistant to corn borer (a) A-chain (b) B-chain
by the introduction of gene- (c) C-chain (d) Both (a) and (b)
(a) Cry I Ac (b) Cry II Ab
38. The main challenge for production of insulin
(c) Cry I Ab (d) Cry II Ac
using rDNA techniques was
32. Cry II Ab and Cry I Ab produces toxins that (a) Splitting A and B- peptide chains
control (b) Addition of C- peptide to proinsulin
(a) Cotton bollworms and corn borer respectively. (c) Getting insulin assembled to mature form
(b) Cotton bollworm and budworms of tobacco (d) Removal of C- peptide from active insulin
respectively.
39. Which of the following companies prepared
(c) Corn borer and cotton bollworms respectively.
human insulin in 1983?
(d) Nematodes and tobacco budworms
(a) Monsanto (b) Eli Lilly
respectively.
(c) Genetech (d) GEAC
33. Which of the following nematodes infects the
root of the tobacco plants which reduces the
246 Zoology

Topic Gene Therapy Topic Molecular Diagnosis

4 5

40. Treatment of genetic disorder by manipulating

gene is called- 45. Why using conventional method for diagnosis
(a) Gene therapy is not very relevant?
(b) rDNA technology (a) Early detection is not possible
(c) Bone marrow transplantation (b) Not reliable
(d) Enzyme replacement therapy (c) Results are incorrect
(d) All of these
41. For the first time, gene therapy was tried on a
4 year old girl in 1990 to treat ____. 46. Which of the following molecular diagnostic
(a) Cytosine Deaminase (CDA) technique is used to detect the presence of a
(b) Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) pathogen in its early stage of infection-
(c) Tyrosine oxidase (a) Angiography
(d) Glutamate trihydrogenase (b) Radiography
(c) Enzyme replacement technique
42. Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to 4
(d) Polymerase chain reaction
year old girl with enzyme deficiency?
(a) Gene therapy (b) Chemotherapy 47. Why PCR is used?
(c) Immunotherapy (d) Radiation therapy (a) To detect HIV in suspected AIDS patients
(b) To detect mutation in the genes of suspected
43. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency can be
cancer patients
treated by __A__ and __B__ but it is not fully
(c) Diagnose many genetic disorders
curative. Here A and B can be
(d) All of the above
(a) A- gene therapy, B- radiation therapy
(b) A- bone marrow transplantation, Benzyme 48. A single stranded nucleic acid tagged with a
replacement therapy radioactive molecule is called
(c) A- organ transplantation, Bhormone (a) Plasmid (b) Probe
replacement (c) Vector (d) Selectable marker
(d) A- radiation therapy, B- enzyme replacement
49. In which of the following method, a probe is
therapy
allowed to hybridise to its complementary DNA
44. The advantage of beginning gene therapy prior in the clone of cells?
to birth is- (a) Enzyme linked Immono-sorbent Assay
(a) The body would not reject it as it has not (ELISA)
yet recognised ‘self’. (b) PCR
(b) This would give the body plenty of time. (c) Autoradiography
(c) The cell being extremely young are more (d) Gene therapy
receptive to gene therapy.
50. Technique used to detect mutation in genes is
(d) None of these
known as-
(a) Gel electrophoresis (b) PCR
(c) Gene therapy (d) Autoradiography
Biotechnology and its Application 247
51. Which of the following technique is based on 59. The first transgenic cow, Rosie produced
the principle of antigen – antibody interaction? (a) Human calcium enriched milk (2.4 g/l)
(a) PCR (b) Human protein enriched milk (2.4 g/l)
(b) ELISA (c) Human calcium enriched milk (2.6 g/l)
(c) Recombinant DNA technology (d) Human protein enriched milk (2.8 g/l)
(d) Gene therapy
60. ____ are used in testing safety of polio vaccine
before they are used on human.
Topic Transgenic Animals (a) Transgenic pig (b) Transgenic monkey
6 (c) Transgenic rabbits (d) Transgenic mice

61. ____ animals are made that carry genes which

52. Animals whose DNA is manipulated to possess makes them more sensitive to toxic substances
and express an extra (foreign) gene are known than non-transgenic animals.
as (a) Transgenic (b) Mutated
(a) Transgenic animals (b) Hybrid animals (c) Sensitive (d) Transformed
(c) Transferrin animals (d) All of the above

53. 95% of all the existing transgenic animals are Topic Ethical Issue
(a) Pigs (b) Cows 7
(c) Mice (d) All of these

54. Transgenic animals can be used to 62. Exploitation of bio-resources of a nation by

(a) Study normal physiology multinational companies without authorisation
(b) Study the biological effects from the concerned country is referred to-
(c) Study the vaccine safety (a) Bioethics (b) Bioweapon
(d) All of the above (c) Bio piracy (d) Bio-exploitation

55. Transgenic animals are made to serve as models 63. Bio-piracy is related with the-
for human diseases. The disease are- (a) Stealing of bio-resources
(a) Alzheimer’s disease (b) Cancer (b) Traditional knowledge and utilization
(c) Cystic fibrosis (d) All of these (c) Biomolecules and regarding bio-resources
exploitation
56. Which of the following transgenic human
(d) Both (a) and (c)
protein products development are used to treat
emphysema? 64. ____ was taken by Indian Parliament to meet
(a) a-1 antitrypsin (b) a-1 trypsin and fulfill the requirements of patent terms and
(c) a-1 albumin (d) a-1 globulin other emergency provisions.
(a) Indian Patents bill (b) Bioethics Act
57. When was the first transgenic cow, Rosie
(c) Bio Piracy Act (d) All of these
produced?
(a) 1979 (b) 1997 65. Basmati is unique for its aroma and flavour,
(c) 1996 (d) 1999 whose __A__ documented varieties cultivated
in __B__.
58. ____ was introduced in the first transgenic cow-
(a) A-37, B-India (b) A-27, B-India
(a) a-1 antirypsin
(c) A-27, B-USA (d) A-30, B-USA
(b) Human b-Lactalbumin
(c) b-1 antitrypsin
(d) None of these
248 Zoology
66. Which committee takes decision regarding 68. Bio patent means
the validity of GM research and the safety of (a) Right to use an invention
introducing GM-organisms for public services? (b) Right to use application are processes
(a) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (c) Both (a) and (b)
(b) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (d) None of these
(GEAC)
69. ____ have been present in India from long time
(c) Indian Institute of Science Education and
yet foreign country got patent through the US
Research (IISER)
Patent and Trademark Office.
(d) Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee
(a) Brown rice (b) Basmati rice
(GEAC)
(c) Co-667 (d) All of these
67. A ____ is granted to a person who has either
70. Bioethics is-
invented a new and useful product, made
(a) Process of discovery and commercialisation
improvement in existing product or invented a
of new products.
new process of making a product.
(b) Use of bio resources with proper authorisation.
(a) bioethics
(c) Standards used to regulate human activities
(b) patent
in relation to the biological world.
(c) bio piracy
(d) All of these
(d) genetic recombination

ANSWER KEY

1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (c)
21. (b) 22. (d) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (c) 26. (c) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. (b) 30. (a)
31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (c) 39. (b) 40. (a)
41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (d) 47. (d) 48. (b) 49. (c) 50. (b)
51. (b) 52. (a) 53. (c) 54. (d) 55. (d) 56. (a) 57. (b) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60. (d)
61. (a) 62. (c) 63. (d) 64. (a) 65. (b) 66. (b) 67. (b) 68. (c) 69. (b) 70. (c)