Numerical Methods
1. Find the cubic polynomial which takes the following values:
y(1) 24, y(3) 120, y(5) 336,and y(7) 720. Hence, or otherwise, obtain the
value of y (8).
Ans: 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 + 6
2. Find the missing term form the following table
x 0 1 2 3 4
y 1 3 9 - 81
3. Example 4 The table below gives the values of tan x for 0.10 x 0.30 :
x 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
y=tan x 0.1003 0.1511 0.2027 0.2553 0.3093
Find: (a) tan 0.12 (b) tan 0.26 (c) tan 0.40 and (d) tan 0.50.
Ans:
(a) p = 0.4. Hence tan (0.12) = 0.1205.
(b) p = -0.8. Hence tan (0.26) = 0.2662.
(c) p = 2. Hence tan (0.40) = 0.4241. (Extrapolation).
(d) p = 4. Hence tan (0.50) = 0.5543. (Extrapolation).
4. Given the table of values:
X 150 152 154 156
Y= x 12.247 12.329 12.410 12.490
Evaluate 155 .
5. Apply Newton’s backward difference formula to the data below, to obtain
a polynomial of degree 4 in x.
x: 1 2 3 4 5
y: 1 -1 1 -1 1
6. 4 Using Lagrange’s interpolation formula, find the form of the function y
(x) from the following table
X 0 1 3 4
Y -12 0 12 24
2
Ans: 𝑦(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 12)
7. Use Newton’s divided difference formula to find 𝑓(4) from the given data
𝑥 0 2 3 6
𝑓(𝑥) −4 2 14 158
Ans: f(4)=40
8. Find the interpolating polynomial using Newton’s divided difference
formula for the following data and also find y when x=8.
𝑥 0 1 2 5
𝑦 2 3 12 147
Ans: y= 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 2 and 𝑦(8) = 570.
9. Find the Newton’s divided differences polynomials for the data and also
find 𝑓(2.5).
𝑥 −3 −1 0 3 5
𝑓(𝑥) −30 −22 −12 330 3458
Ans:
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 4 + 9𝑥 3 − 27𝑥 2 − 21𝑥 − 12.
When 𝑥 = 2.5 , 𝑦 = 102.6785.
10.Given that
𝑥 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
𝑦 3.684 3.7084 3.7325 3.7563 3.7798 3.803 3.8259
𝑑𝑦 d2y
find and at 𝑥 = 50 and 𝑥 = 56.
𝑑𝑥 dx 2
𝑑𝑦 d2y
Ans: At x = 50, = 0.02455, = 1[-0.0003]= -0.0003
𝑑𝑥 dx 2
𝑑𝑦 d2y
At x = 56, = 0.02275, = -0.0003
𝑑𝑥 dx 2
11.The following data gives corresponding values of pressure and specific
volume of a superheated steam
v 2 4 6 8 10
p 105 42.7 25.3 16.7 13
Find the rate of change of pressure with respect to volume when
v 2.
2
12.Evaluate cos d using Simpson’s 1/3 rule by taking 9 ordinates.
0
13. A curve is drawn to pass through the points given by the following table:
x 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
y 2 2.4 2.7 2.8 3 2.6 2.1
Estimate the area bounded by the curve, X-axis and the lines x = 1, x = 4.
14. Using Newton Raphson method, find a root of the equation 𝑥 2 +
4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 0
15.Using Regula-falsi method, find a root of the equation 3𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 =
0.
16. Evaluate 𝑦(0.1) correct to six places of decimals by Taylor’s method if
𝑦(𝑥) satisfy 𝑦 ′ = 𝑥𝑦 + 1, 𝑦(0) = 1.
𝑑𝑦
17. Given that = 2 + √𝑥𝑦 and 𝑦(1) = 1. Find approximate value of
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 2 in steps of 0.2 using Euler’s modified method.
𝑑𝑦
18. Using RK method of fourth order, solve for y at x=1.2, 1.4 from =
𝑑𝑥
2𝑥𝑦+𝑒 𝑥
given 𝑦(1) = 0
𝑥 2 +𝑥𝑒 𝑥
Ans: y(1.2)=0.1402, y(1.4)=0.2705
