2024/11/27 16:01 List of HVDC projects - Wikipedia

List of HVDC projects

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2024/11/27 16:01 List of HVDC projects - Wikipedia
Electric power transmission through interconnectors using high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) involves usually two converter stations and a
transmission line. Generally overhead lines are used, but an important class of HVDC projects use submarine power cables. A back-to-back station
has no transmission line and joins two separate AC grids at a single point. Historical HVDC systems used the Thury system of motor-generators but
these have all been made obsolete by later developments such as mercury-arc valves (now also obsolete), thyristors, and IGBT power transistors.

Legend
Converter technology:

Thury = Series-connected generators as designed by René Thury

Merc = Mercury-arc valve rectifier and inverter
Thyr = Thyristor rectifier and inverter
IGBT = Insulated gate bipolar transistor
Line status:

Existing
Under construction
Planned
Decommissioned

Africa

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

First HVDC
with Project
Mozambique - South Africa -
up to 500kV
Songo Apollo 1420 [1][2][3]
Cahora Bassa 533 1920 1979 Thyr Siemens
15°36′41″S 25°55′11″S (0/1420)
and ABB
32°44′59″E 28°16′34″E
refurb
2013-2014

Democratic Democratic Upgraded

Republic of the Republic of in 2014
Congo - the Congo - 1700 Supplier: [1][4][5][6]
Inga-Shaba 500 560 1982 Thyr
Kolwezi Inga (0/1700) ABB,
10°39′27″S 05°31′27″S General
25°27′08″E 13°36′39″E Electric

Namibia - Namibia -
Gerus Zambezi 950 Supplier: [1][7]
Caprivi Link 350 300 2010 IGBT
20°18′53″S 17°30′6″S (0/950) ABB
16°27′9″E 24°13′20″E

Ethiopia -
Ethiopia–Kenya Kenya - Suswa
Wolayta 1045 On going Supplier:
HVDC 1°03′44″S 500 2000 Thyr
6°54′27″N (0/1045) (2022) Siemens
Interconnector 36°21′35″E
37°43′19″E
[8]
Xlinks Morocco- Morocco - UK -
Proposed Supplier: [9]
UK Power Guelmim-Oued Alverdiscott, 3800 3600
(2022) Xlinks
Project Noun region Devon

Australia and Oceania

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

Built as 250 kV 600 MW link

Paralleled to operate at 270
New Zealand - New Zealand kV as positive pole with HVDC
HVDC Inter-Island Benmore - Haywards 611 Inter-Island 2 in 1992. [1]
270 600 1965 Merc
1 44°33′55″S 41°9′1″S (40/571) Partially decommissioned in
170°11′24″E 174°58′52″E 2007, fully decommissioned in
August 2012.
Supplier: ABB

Negative pole, operates in

bipole configuration with
New Zealand - New Zealand HVDC Inter-Island 3
HVDC Inter-Island Benmore - Haywards 611 (previously HVDC Inter-Island [1]
350 700 1992 Thyr
2 44°33′55″S 41°9′1″S (40/571) 1)
170°11′24″E 174°58′52″E Restricted to 500 MW due to
cable rating.
Supplier: ABB

Terranora Australia - Australia - 59 80 180 2000 IGBT Land cable [1]

interconnector Mullumbimby Bungalora (59/0) Supplier: ABB

(Directlink)

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Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)
28°34′15″S 28°15′20″S
153°27′8″E 153°28′20″E

Australia - Red Australia -

Cliffs Berri 176 Underground XLPE cable [1]
Murraylink 150 200 2002 IGBT
34°17′31″S 34°14′17″S (176/0) Supplier: ABB
142°14′19″E 140°36′01″E

Australia - Loy Australia -

One of the longest HVDC
Yang George Town [1][10][11]
Basslink 370 (298/72) 400 500 2006 Thyr cable in operation
38°15′45″S 41°6′53″S
Supplier: Siemens
146°36′29″E 146°53′31″E

New Zealand - New Zealand Positive pole, operates in

HVDC Inter-Island Benmore - Haywards 611 bipole configuration with [12]
350 735 2013 Thyr
3 44°33′55″S 41°9′1″S (40/571) HVDC Inter-Island 2
170°11′24″E 174°58′52″E Supplier: Siemens

Australia–ASEAN Australia - 4200 undersea

Singapore 2027 aka Sun Cable
Power Link Darwin 800 overland

Australia - Australia - Approximately 750 + late [13]

Marinus link
Burnie Latrobe Valley 340 (90/250) 750 2020s

Asia

Total
Nominal
Converter Converter Length
Name Voltage Power (MW) Year Type Remarks
station 1 station 2 (Cable/Pole)
(kV)
(km)

Japan - Japan -
Hokkaido - Hakodate Kamikita 193 Supplier: ABB, Hitachi, [1]
250 300 1979 Thyr
Honshu 41°55′55″N 40°48′06″N (44/149) Toshiba
140°39′47″E 141°11′52″E

China - China - Gao

Ningbo Tongge 54 [1]
Zhou Shan 100 50 1982 Thyr
29°55′25″N 30°02′13″N (12/42)
121°46′51″E 122°04′03″E

Power line shares pylons

of HVDC Hubei -
Shanghai in most part of
its track
China -
China - Nan Supplier: ABB,
Gezhouba
Gezhouba - Qiao 1046
Shanghai
Dam
30°57′22″N (0/1046)
500 1200 1989 Thyr Siemens [14]

30°43′44″N
121°24′48″E
111°14′39″E HVDC C&P System
Refurbished by NR
Electric

India -
India - Sileru
Barsoor 196 [1]
Sileru-Barsoor 17°52′01″N 200 100 1989 Thyr Supplier: BHEL
19°8′20″N (0/196)
81°39′21″E
81°23′47″E

Construction sites
Kazakhstan - Russia -
abandoned around 1990
Ekibastuz– Ekibastuz Tambov 2414
750 6000 - Thyr owing to collapse of
Tambov 51°48′57″N 52°46′25″N (0/2414)
Soviet Union, line was
75°18′58″E 41°19′17″E
never completed

India - Rihand India - Dadri

814 [15]
Rihand-Delhi 24°01′13″N 28°35′36″N 500 1500 1990 Thyr Supplier: ABB, BHEL
(0/814)
82°47′21″E 77°36′16″E

South Korea - South Korea -

Haenam Jeju 101 [1]
Haenam-Cheju 180 300 1996 Thyr Supplier: Alstom
34°22′03″N 33°32′06″N (101/0)
126°35′34″E 126°35′44″E

Supplier: ABB, Marubeni

Philippines -
Philippines -
Naga, HVDC C&P System
Ormoc, Leyte 451 [1]
Leyte - Luzon Camarines Sur 350 440 1998 Thyr Refurbished by NR
11°5′19″N (21/430)
13°36′40″N
124°38′21″E Electric
123°14′19″E

India - India -
Chandrapur- Chandrapur Padghe 752 [16]
500 1500 1999 Thyr Supplier: ABB
Padghe 20°0′36″N 19°21′26″N (0/752)
79°17′06″E 73°11′18″E

Kii Channel Japan - Anan Japan - 100 250 1400 2000 Thyr Supplier: Hitachi, [1]

33°49′40″N Kihoku (50/50) Toshiba, Mitsubishi

134°38′14″E

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Total
Nominal
Converter Converter Length
Name Voltage Power (MW) Year Type Remarks
station 1 station 2 (Cable/Pole)
(kV)
(km)
34°12′50″N
135°30′07″E

Supplier: Siemens
China - China -
HVDC C&P System
Tianshengqiao Beijiao 960 [1]
Tian-Guang 500 1800 2001 Thyr Refurbished by NR
24°54′56″N 23°18′58″N (0/960)
105°05′47″E 113°15′05″E Electric

Thailand - Malaysia -
Thailand- Khlong Ngae Gurun 110 [1]
300 300 2001 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
Malaysia 6°42′56″N 5°48′45″N (0/110)
100°27′8″E 100°32′6″E

China - China -
Shengsi Anabasis Sizu 66.2 [17]
Shengsi 50 60 2002 Thyr
30°42′06″N 30°51′56″N (63.21/2.99)
122°26′22″E 121°50′25″E

India - Talcher, India - Kolar,

Odisha Karnataka 1450 [1]
Talcher-Kolar 500 2500 2003 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
21°06′01″N 13°10′39″N (0/1450)
85°03′49″E 78°7′0″E

From north bank of

Three Gorges to
Zhengping, 200 km from
China - China -
Shanghai in the East grid
Three Gorges - Longquan Zhengping 890 [1][18][19
500 3000 2003 Thyr Supplier: ABB, Siemens.
Changzhou 30°47′6″N 31°36′42″N (0/890)
Sharing of grounding
111°31′48″E 119°59′27″E
electrode at Chujiahu
with HVDC Hubei-
Shanghai

China - China -
Anshun, Zhaoqing,
Guizhou - 980 [1]
Guizhou Guangdong 500 3000 2004 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
Guangdong I (0/980)
26°16′23″N 22°54′57″N
105°48′21″E 112°29′11″E

China - China -
Three Gorges - Jingzhou Huizhou 940 [1][20]
500 3000 2004 Thyr Supplier: ABB
Guangdong 30°27′26″N 23°16′15″N (0/940)
112°08′18″E 114°12′5″E

China -
China - Yidu
Three Gorges - Shanghai 1060 [1][21]
30°31′45″N 500 3000 2006 Thyr Supplier: ABB
Shanghai 31°14′13″N (0/1060)
111°22′35″E
121°11′13″E

Supplier: Siemens,
China - China -
Sharing of grounding
Guizhou - Xingren Shenzhen 1200 [1]
500 3000 2007 Thyr electrode at Linwu with
Guangdong II 25°27′56″N 22°45′1″N (0/1200)
HVDC Yunnan -
105°15′14″E 113°59′28″E
Guangdong

India -
India - Ballia
Bhiwadi 800 [1]
Ballia - Bhiwadi 26°04′16″N 500 2500 2010 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
28°11′0″N (0/800)
83°42′48″E
76°48′58″E

China -
China - Baoji
Denyang 574
Baoji - Deyang 34°34′47″N 500 3000 2010 Thyr ???
31°19′22″N (0/574)
107°19′49″E
104°34′51″E

China - China -
Hulunbeir - Hulunbeir Shenyang 920 [1][22]
500 3000 2010 Thyr Supplier: ABB
Liaoning 48°31′04″N 41°07′25″N (0/920)
119°43′30″E 122°46′44″E

China - China -
Xiangjiaba- Fulong Fengxia 1980 [1][23]
800 6400 2010 Thyr Supplier: ABB
Shanghai 28°32′47″N 30°55′32″N (0/1980)
104°25′04″E 121°46′16″E

Supplier: Siemens,
Sharing of grounding
electrode at Linwu with
China -
China - HVDC Guizhou -
Yunnan
Yunnan - Zengcheng 1418 Guangdong II [1]
province 800 5000 2010 Thyr
Guangdong 23°15′19″N (0/1418)
25°11′24″N highlight: worldwide
113°40′44″E
102°11′30″E first dc 800kv hvdc
application

Hubei - China - China - 970 500 3000 2011 Thyr Power line shares pylons ???
Shanghai Jingmen Fenjing (0/970) of HVDC Gezhouba -
30°49′21″N 30°52′00″N Shanghai in most part of
112°07′15″E 121°00′58″E its track, sharing of

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Total
Nominal
Converter Converter Length
Name Voltage Power (MW) Year Type Remarks
station 1 station 2 (Cable/Pole)
(kV)
(km)
grounding electrode at
Chujiahu with HVDC
Shanghai-Changzhou

Nanhui Wind Supplier: C-EPRI Electric

8.4 [24]
Farm China China 30 18 2011 IGBT Power Engineering Co.,
(8.4/0)
Integration Ltd

China - China -
Supplier:Alstom; C-EPRI
Ningdong - Yinchuan Qingdao 1335 [1]
660 4000 2011 Thyr Electric Power
Shandong 38°06′56″N 36°18′41″N (0/1335)
Engineering Co., Ltd
106°30′55″E 119°52′53″E

China - Powerline reaches

China - Lhasa
Geermu 1038 altitudes up to 5300 m [1]
Qinghai - Tibet 29°52′39″N 400 1500 2011 Thyr
36°21′20″N (0/1038) above sea level
91°11′44″E
95°11′05″E Supplier: CET, SGCC

India - India -
Mundra - Mundra Mohindergarh 960 [1]
500 2500 2012 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
Haryana 22°49′46″N 28°21′40″N (0/960)
69°33′22″E 76°12′56″E

Dalian City China - Dalian China - Dalian 43 [25]

320 1000 2013 IGBT
Infeed North South (43/0)

Supplier: ABB, C-EPRI

Electric Power
China - China - Engineering Co., Ltd
Jinping Suzhou 2090
Jinping - Sunan 800 7200 2013 Thyr ACC Provided by NR [26]
27°50′11″N 31°03′44″N (0/2090)
102°08′30″E 120°37′20″E Electric in Jinping
Converter Station

SEPRI (Electric Power

Research Institute, China
Southern Power Grid) is
technically responsible
China - Jinniu for the entire project.
23°26′14″N Multiple suppliers are
China -
Nanao Multi- 117°01′36″E; involved: three different
Sucheng 32 [27][28]
terminal VSC China - ±160 200/100/50 2013 IEGT/IGBT VSC HVDC valve
23°26′40″N (10/32)
HVDC Qingao suppliers, two different
116°48′50″E
23°25′46″N HVDC land/sea cable
117°07′45″E suppliers and three
different control &
protection
system/equipment
suppliers.

China - China -
Nuozhadu - Nuozhadu Jiangmen
1413 800 6400 2013 Thyr ???
Guangdong 22°39′20″N 22°42′33″N
100°40′00″E 112°52′12″E

China - China -
Xiluodo - Zhaotong Conghua 1286
500 6400 2013 Thyr ???
Guangdong 28°07′21″N 23°34′00″N (0/1286)
104°22′27″E 113°27′03″E

Supplier: C-EPRI Electric

Power Engineering Co.,
China- Ltd
China-Hami
Hami - Zhengzhou
42°35′20″N 2210 800 8000 2014 Thyr HVDC C&P System [29][30][3
Zhengzhou 34°48′46″N
93°27′46″E Provided by NR
114°03′24″E
Electric

South Korea - South Korea - Supplier: Alstom

Jindo Jeju 105 (converter stations), LS [1][35][36
Jindo - Jeju 250 400 2014 Thyr
34°23′08″N 33°27′17″N (105/0) Cable and System
126°11′14″E 126°28′25″E (cables).

China - China -
Supplier:C-EPRI Electric
Xiluodo - West Xiluodu Jinghua
1680 800 8000 2014 Thyr Power Engineering Co., ???
Zhejiang 28°27′37″N 28°53′46″N
Ltd
104°20′20″E 119°43′00″E

Zhoushan China - China - 134 ±200 400 2014 IGBT Supplier:C-EPRI Electric [37]

Multi-terminal Zhoushan Qushan (134/0) Power Engineering Co.,

DC 30°09′07″N 30°25′26″N Ltd
Interconnection 121°59′29″E 122°16′48″E ;
HVDC C&P System
China -
Daishan Provided by NR
30°19′37″N Electric
122°11′35″E ;
China -
Yangshan
30°36′26″N

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Total
Nominal
Converter Converter Length
Name Voltage Power (MW) Year Type Remarks
station 1 station 2 (Cable/Pole)
(kV)
(km)
122°07′40″E ;
China - Sijiao
30°41′45″N
122°25′50″E

Humeng -
China China 800 6400 2015 Thyr ???
Shandong

Russia - China -
Irkutsk - Beijing 800 6400 2015 Thyr ???
Irkutsk Beijing

Champa- India - India - 1365 2 Bipoles. Supplier: [38]

800 2 x 3000 2016 Thyr
Kurukshetra Champa Kurukshetra (0/1365) Alstom

Goupitan -
China China 3000 2016 Thyr ???
Guangdong

Jinsha River II -
China China 800 6400 2016 Thyr ???
East China

Will supply electricity to

serve 90 million people
India - Bipole Ultra high
India - Agra
Biswanath 1728 voltage, multiterminal [39]
North-East 27°05′01″N 800 6000 2016 Thyr
26°44′23″N (0/1728) (intermediate converter
78°04′22″E
93°13′09″E station at Alipurdauar
26°29′23″N 89°27′41″E)
Supplier: ABB

Japan - Japan -
New HVDC
Imabetsu Hokuto 122 [40][41]
Hokkaido- 250 300 2019 IGBT suppliers: Toshiba
41°08′01″N 41°54′57″N (24/98)
Honshu
140°30′46″E 140°35′07″E

Matiari to ±660 kV Bipole HVDC

Pakistan -
Lahore Pakistan - with Converter/ [42]
Lahore, 878 660 4000 2021 Thyr
Transmission Matiari, Sindh Grounding Electrode
Punjab
Line Project Stations

China -
China - Linyi
Inner Mongolia Shizhustan
35°33′07″N 800 6400 2017 Thyr ???
- Linyi 38°46′40″N
118°37′07″E
106°52′00″E

Supplier:C-EPRI Electric
Power Engineering Co.,
China - China - Ltd
Jiuquan- Qiaowan Xiangtan
800 6400 2017 Thyr HVDC C&P System ???
Xiangtan 40°36′03″N 27°38′55″N
96°43′22″E 112°47′25″E Provided by NR
Electric

China - North China -

North Shanxi - Shanxi Nanjing
2017 Thyr ???
Nanjing 39°39′35″N 32°54′47″N
112°27′45″E 118°35′33″E

China - China -
Northwest
Xinsong Dongfang
Yunnan - 1953 800 5000 2018 Thyr ???
26°24′55″N 22°44′17″N
Guangdong
99°49′12″E 113°52′07″E

China - Xilin China -

Xilin Hot - Hot Taizhou
800 10000 2017 Thyr ???
Taizhou 44°14′40″N 33°07′25″N
116°30′22″E 119°58′05″E

China -
China - Zhuji
Yinchuan - Yinchuan HVDC C&P System
29°56′25″N 800 6400 2017 Thyr ???
Zhuji 37°43′45″N Provided by NR Electric
120°13′12″E
106°32′22″E

Supplier: C-EPRI Electric

Dianxibei - China-
China-Lijiang 1928/0 800 5000 2017 Thyr Power Engineering Co., ???
Guangdong Zhengzhen
Ltd

Jinsha River II -
China China 800 6400 2018 Thyr ???
Fujian

Humeng -
China China 800 6400 2018 Thyr ???
Liaoning

China -
Rudong China -
Jiangsu 100 Suppliers: XJ and RXHK
Offshore Wind Jiangsu 400 1100 2022 IGBT
Rudong (100/0) for valve, ZTT Cable
Connector Rudong
Platform

China -
Sheyang China -
Jiangsu 83
Offshore Wind Jiangsu 250 1100 2022 IGBT
Sheyang (83/0)
Connector Sheyang
Platform

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Total
Nominal
Converter Converter Length
Name Voltage Power (MW) Year Type Remarks
station 1 station 2 (Cable/Pole)
(kV)
(km)

China -
Zhangbei Four terminal DC Grid
Zhangbei DC
China - Beijing
China - 495
500 3000/3000/1500/1500 2021 IGBT Suppliers: NR [43]
Grid Project Fengning (0/495) Electric, others
China -
Kangbao

Wudongde
China - Three terminal Hybrid
multi-terminal
China - Guangxi 1489 DC system, Yunnan
UHVDC 800 8000/3000/5000 2021 Thyr/IGBT
Yunnan China - (0/1489) (Thyristor), Guangdong
demonstration
Guangdong and Guangxi (IGBT)
project

India - Supplier: ABB; One of

India - Pugalur the World's biggest
Raigarh- Raigarh 10°49′33″N Multi-terminal HVDC [44]
1830 800 6000 2019 Thyr
Pugalur 21°51′21″N 77°32′13″E system with Ultra High
83°21′01″E India - Voltage DC Transmission
Thrissur system (UHVDC)

Tajikistan - Pakistan - ±500 kV Bipole HVDC [45][46]

CASA-1000 750 500 1300 2025 Thyr
Sangtuda Nowshera with Converter Stations

India–Sri Lanka
Madurai - Anurathapura
HVDC 285 ±320 500/1000 2030 Thyr
India - Sri Lanka
Interconnection

Andaman one of the world's

Port Blair - [47]
HVDC Paradip - India 1160 ±320 250/125 2030 IGBT longest deep-sea UG
India
Connection cable HVDC system

Europe

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remar
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

Miesbach- Demonstration
58 Single
Munich Power Germany - Miesbach Germany - Munich 2 0.0025 1882 Dismantled
(0/58) machine
Transmission

Upgraded late
Gorzente River voltage of 14 k
- Genoa DC of 2.5 MW and
Italy - Gorzente River Italy - Genoa ? 6 ? 1889 Thury of 120 km
transmission
scheme Dismantled

La Chaux-de-
Fonds DC
Switzerland - ? Switzerland - ? ? 14 ? 1897 Thury Dismantled
transmission
scheme

St. Maurice -
Lausanne DC
Switzerland - St. Maurice Switzerland - Lausanne ? 22 3.7 1899 Thury Dismantled
transmission
scheme

Lyon-Moutiers
DC 200
France - Lyon France - Moutiers 75 30 1906 Thury Dismantled in
transmission (10/190)
scheme

Wilesden-
Ironbridge DC
UK - Wilesden UK - Ironbridge ? 100 ? 1910 Thury Dismantled
transmission
scheme

Chambéry DC
transmission France - ? France - ? ? 150 ? 1925 Thury Dismantled in
scheme

Experimental f
HVDC Zurich- Switzerland - Wettingen 20 built by BBC
Switzerland - Zurich 50 0.5 1939 Merc
Wettingen 47°27′25″N 8°19′15″E (0/20) Dismantled

Experimental f
HVDC built by Sieme
Germany - Berlin- 4.6
Charlottenburg- Germany - Berlin-Moabit 100 14 1942 Merc
Charlottenburg (0/4.6) Dismantled
Moabit

Experimental f
Lehrte-Misburg Germany - Lehrte Germany -
? 80 16 1944 Merc Dismantled
HVDC 52°22′54″N 9°55′03″E Hannover/Misburg

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Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remar
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

Germany - Berlin, Never placed i

Germany - Vockerode 115
Elbe-Project Marienfelde 52°25′39″N 200 60 1945 Merc Dismantled
51°50′32″N 12°21′26″E (115/0)
13°22′13″E

Experimental f
HVDC built by ASEA
50
Trollhättan- Sweden - Trollhättan Sweden - Mellerud 45 6.5 1946 Merc
(0/50) Dismantled
Mellerud

Built of parts o
Moscow– Russia - Moscow Russia - Kashira 100 Elbe-Project
200 30 1951 Merc
Kashira 55°39′32″N 37°38′16″E 54°51′29″N 38°14′45″E (100/0) Shut down

World's first co
Sweden - Västervik Sweden - Yigne 98 HVDC link. Exp
Gotland 1 200 20 1954 Merc
57°43′41″N 16°38′51″E 57°35′13″N 18°11′44″E (98/0) ABB in 1970,
decommission

France - Echingen UK - Lydd 50°54′54″N 64

Cross-Channel 100 160 1961 Merc Shut down in 1
50°41′48″N 1°38′21″E 0°56′50″E (64/0)

Volgograd- Russia - Volzhskaya Ukraine - Mikhailovskaya 475

400 750 1965 Merc/Thyr Shut down in 2
Donbass 48°49′34″N 44°40′20″E 48°39′13″N 38°33′56″E (0/475)

Denmark - Vester Replaced in Au

Sweden - Stenkullen 176
Konti-Skan 1 Hassing 57°3′46″N 250 250 1965 Merc by modern con
57°48′15″N 12°19′13″E (87/89)
10°5′24″E using thyristor

Italy - Suvereto Replaced in 19

France- Lucciana
43°3′10″N 10°41′42″E ( Thyr, multiterm
42°31′40″N 9°26′59″E ; 483
SACOI 1 before 1992: Italy - San 200 200 1965 Merc scheme.
Codrongianos, Italy (365/118)
Dalmazio 43°15′43″N The line reused
40°39′7″N 8°42′48″E
10°55′05″E) SACOI 2, see b

Bipolar scheme
UK - London- Supplier:
UK - Kingsnorth 85
Kingsnorth Beddington 51°22′23″N 266 320 1975 Merc Electric Shu
51°25′11″N 0°35′46″E (85/0)
0°7′38″W
in 1987

Opposite pole
Kingsnorth -
Beddington. C
wholly underg
UK - London-Willesden 111
Kingsnorth UK - Kingsnorth 266 320 1975 Merc except for Tha
51°32′03″N 0°15′29″W (111/0)
crossing - cros
upstream side
District line rai
bridge

Supplier: STK
Denmark - Tjele Norway - Kristiansand 230
Skagerrak 1 + 2 250 500 1977 Thyr Control system
56°28′44″N 9°34′1″E 58°15′36″N 7°53′55″E (130/100)
by ABB in 2007

Sweden - Västervik Sweden - Yigne 99.5

Gotland 2 150 130 1983 Thyr Supplier: ABB
57°43′41″N 16°38′51″E 57°35′13″N 18°11′44″E (92.9/6.6)

Interconnexion 2 bipolar syste

France France - Les Mandarins UK - Sellindge 51°6′21″N 72
270 2000 1986 Thyr Supplier: Als
Angleterre 50°54′11″N 1°47′5″E 0°58′32″E (72/0)
(new)

Sweden - Västervik Sweden - Yigne 98

Gotland 3 150 130 1987 Thyr Supplier: ABB
57°43′41″N 16°38′51″E 57°35′13″N 18°11′44″E (98/0)

Denmark - Vester,
Sweden - Lindome 147
Konti-Skan 2 Hassing 57°3′46″N 285 300 1988 Thyr Supplier: ABB
57°36′24″N 12°6′40″E (87/60)
10°5′24″E

Finland - Rauma Sweden - Dannebo 233

Fenno-Skan 400 500 1989 Thyr Supplier: ABB
61°09′07″N 21°37′32″E 60°24′14″N 18°08′10″E (200/33)

Italy - Suvereto
France- Lucciana Multiterminal s
43°3′10″N 10°41′42″E (
42°31′40″N 9°26′59″E ; 422
SACOI 2 before 1992: Italy - San 200 300 1992 Thyr Supplier: Als
Codrongianos, Italy (118/304)
Dalmazio 43°15′43″N
40°39′7″N 8°42′48″E
10°55′05″E)

Denmark - Tjele Norway - Kristiansand 230

Skagerrak 3 350 440 1993 Thyr Supplier: Nexa
56°28′44″N 9°34′1″E 58°15′36″N 7°53′55″E (130/100)

Germany - Lübeck-
Sweden - Kruseberg 262
Baltic Cable Herrenwyk 53°53′46″N 450 600 1994 Thyr Supplier: ABB
55°30′1″N 13°8′45″E (250/12)
10°48′9″E

Denmark - Bjæverskov Germany - Bentwisch 170

Kontek 400 600 1996 Thyr Supplier: ABB
55°27′1″N 12°0′27″E 54°6′3″N 12°13′1″E (170/0)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HVDC_projects 8/29
2024/11/27 16:01 List of HVDC projects - Wikipedia

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remar
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

Experimental H
Hellsjön- Sweden - Hellsjön Sweden - Grängesberg 10
180 3 1997 IGBT Supplier: AB
Grängesberg 60°02′50″N 15°08′52″E 60°03′53″N 14°59′39″E (0/10)

Sweden - Näs Sweden - Visby 70

Visby-Näs 80 50 1999 Thyr
57°05′58″N 18°14′27″E 57°37′29″N 18°21′18″E (70/0)

Poland - Wierzbięcin Sweden - Stärnö 245

SwePol 450 600 2000 Thyr Supplier: ABB
54°30′8″N 16°53′28″E 56°9′11″N 14°50′29″E (245/0)

Denmark - Denmark - Interconnectio

4.3
Tjæreborg Tjæreborg/Enge Tjæreborg/Substation 9 7 2000 IGBT power generat
(4.3/0)
55°26′52″N 8°35′34″E 55°28′07″N 8°33′36″E stations

Greece - Arachthos Italy - Galatina 310

Italy-Greece 400 500 2001 Thyr
39°11′00″N 20°57′48″E 40°9′53″N 18°7′49″E (200/110)

UK - N. Ireland-
UK - Auchencrosh 63.5 Supplier: Siem
Moyle Ballycronan More 250 500 2001 Thyr
55°04′10″N 4°58′50″W (63.5/0) Nexans
54°50′34″N 5°46′11″W

Power supply f
Norway - Offshore offshore gas co
Norway - Kollsnes 70
HVDC Troll platform Troll A 60 80 2004 IGBT
60°33′01″N 4°50′26″E (70/0) Supplier: AB
60°40′00″N 3°40′00″E

Finland - Espoo Estonia - Harku 105

Estlink 150 350 2006 IGBT Supplier: ABB
60°12′14″N 24°33′06″E 59°23′5″N 24°33′37″E (105/0)

Netherlands -
Norway - Feda 580
NorNed Eemshaven 53°26′4″N 450 700 2008 Thyr Supplier: ABB,
58°16′58″N 6°51′55″E (580/0)
6°51′57″E

Netherlands -
UK - Grain 51°26′24″N 245 Operational sin
BritNed Maasvlakte 51°57′27″N 450 1000 2010 Thyr
0°43′0″E (245/0) 2011. Supplier
4°01′17″E

Operational sin
Denmark - Fraugde Denmark - Herslev 56
StoreBælt 400 600 2010 Thyr August 2010. S
55°22′01″N 10°30′25″E 55°31′53″N 11°19′01″E (56/0)
Siemens

Expected comp
2011
Supplier:
Spain - Morvedre Spain - Santa Ponsa 247
Cometa
39°38′28″N 0°14′7″W 39°32′2″N 2°30′21″E (247/0)
250 400 2011 Thyr (converter
Prysmian/N
(cables)

Finland - Rauma Sweden - Finnböle 303

Fenno-Skan 2 500 800 2011 Thyr
61°09′07″N 21°37′32″E 60°25′30″N 17°3′42″E (200/103)

The largest HV
Italy - Latina 41°25′47″N Italy - Fiume Santo 435
SAPEI 500 1000 2011 Thyr the Mediterran
12°48′25″E 40°50′29″N 8°18′21″E (435/0)
Supplier: ABB

Norway - Lista Norway - Valhall, 292

Valhall HVDC 150 78 2011 IGBT Supplier: ABB,
58°04′37″N 6°46′29″E Offshore platform (292/0)

Germany - BorWin Alpha 200

BorWin1 Germany - Diele ±150 400 2012 IGBT Supplier: ABB
platform (200/0)

East West Ireland - Woodland UK - Shotton, Wales 130

±200 500 2012 IGBT Supplier: ABB
Interconnector 53°28′16″N 6°34′3″W 53°13′38″N 3°4′22″W (130/0)

Upgrade
Fenno-Skan 1 233
Finland - Rauma Sweden - Finnböle 400 500 2013 Thyr Supplier:ABB
Upgrade (200/33)

Finland - Anttila Estonia - Püssi 171 Supplier: Siem

Estlink 2 450 650 2014 Thyr
60°22′36″N 25°22′01″E 59°22′13″N 27°04′05″E (157/14) Nexans

Finland - Naantali
158
ÅL-link (sv:Nådendal) Åland - Ytterby 80 100 2015 IGBT Supplier: ABB
(158/0)
60°27′49″N 22°03′49″E

Germany - BorWin Beta

Germany - Diele 200
BorWin2 platform 54°21′18″N ±300 800 2015 IGBT Supplier: Siem
53°7′30″N 7°18′29″E (200/0)
6°01′30″E

Germany - DolWin Alpha

Germany - Heede 165
DolWin1 platform 53°59′42″N ±320 800 2015 IGBT Supplier:ABB
52°58′57″N 7°15′26″E (165/0)
6°25′16″E

Germany - HelWin Alpha

Germany - Büttel 130
HelWin1 platform 54°27′07″N ±250 576 2015 IGBT Supplier: Siem
53°55′01″N 9°13′55″E (130/0)
7°44′20″E

Germany - HelWin Beta

Germany - Büttel 130
HelWin2 platform 54°27′11″N ±320 690 2015 IGBT Supplier: Siem
53°55′01″N 9°13′55″E (130/0)
7°44′20″E

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2024/11/27 16:01 List of HVDC projects - Wikipedia

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remar
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

Supplier: Siem
France - Baixas Spain - Santa Llogaia 64 Cables: Prysmi
INELFE ±320 2000 2015 IGBT
42°43′56″N 2°48′14″E 42°13′59″N 2°56′39″E (64/0) €700m, 8 km t
HSR

LitPol Link 160

Lithuania - Alytus Poland - Elk 70 500 20152[80] Thyr Supplier: ABB
HVDC is B2B (0/160)

Sweden - Nybro Lithuania - Klaipėda 450

NordBalt 300 700 2015 IGBT Supplier: ABB
56°46′4″N 15°51′15″E 55°40′54″N 21°15′24″E (450/0)

Denmark - Tjele Norway - Kristiansand 244

Skagerrak 4 500 700 2015 IGBT Suppliers: Nex
56°28′44″N 9°34′1″E 58°15′36″N 7°53′55″E (244/0)

Germany - SylWin Alpha

Germany - Büttel 205
SylWin1 platform 55°03′47″N ±320 864 2015 IGBT Supplier: Siem
53°55′01″N 9°13′55″E (205/0)
7°14′28″E

Norway - Troll A 3&4 70

Troll A 3&4 Norway - Kollsnes 66 100 2015 IGBT Supplier: ABB
platform (70/0)

Germany - DolWin Beta

Germany - Heede 135
DolWin2 platform 53°58′41″N ±320 900 2016 IGBT Supplier: ABB
52°58′52″N 7°15′26″E (135/0)
6°55′23″E

Germany - DolWin
Germany - Heede 160
DolWin3 Gamma platform ±320 900 2017 IGBT Supplier: Alsto
52°58′57″N 7°15′26″E (160/0)
53°59′42″N 6°25′16″E

Montenegro - Lastva Supplier: Toshi

HVDC MON.ITA Italy-Cepagatti 415
Grbaljska 42°19′03″N ±500 1000 2019 Thyr (converter stat
Project 42°23′41″N 14°07′30″E (415/0)
18°47′41″E Nexans (cables

Supplier: Prysm
Western HVDC UK - Hunterston UK - Flintshire Bridge 422
600 2200 2017-18 Thyr Group, Siemen
Link 55°43′16″N 4°53′7″W 53°13′54″N 3°1′58″W (422/0)
First subsea 60

Caithness - UK - Spittal 58°28′47″N UK - Blackhillock

160 320 1200 2018 IGBT Supplier: ABB
Moray Link3 3°27′08″W 57°31′24″N 2°56′55″W

Germany - BorWin 200

BorWin3 Germany - Diele ±320 900 2019 IGBT Supplier: Siem
Gamma platform (200/0)

Denmark - Endrup via Netherlands -

Suppliers: Siem
COBRAcable Fanø 55°31′49″N Eemshaven 53°26′07″N 325 ±320 700 20194 IGBT
Prysmian, Cost
8°42′13″E 6°52′02″E

Johan Sverdrup Norway - Johan 200

Norway - Haugsneset ±80 100 2019 IGBT Supplier: ABB,
Phase 1 Sverdrup platform (200/0)

France-Italy via Supplier: Alsto

Fréjus Road France, Grand-Île Italy, Piossasco 190 ±320 2x600 2019 IGBT (converter stat
Tunnel Prysmian (cabl

Converter stat
UK - Richborough 140
Nemo Link Belgium - near Bruges 400 1000 2019 IGBT Siemens, cable
Energy Park (140/0)
systems[112]

Converter stat
Siemens
100
ALEGrO Belgium - Visé Germany - Oberzier 320 1000 20205 IGBT Cables:
(100/0)
Cable

Sweden - Barkeryd Sweden - Hurva 260

SydVästlänken ±300 2x720 2021 IGBT Supplier: Alsto
57°44′52″N 14°39′19″E 55°49′59″N 13°36′08″E (197/63)

France - Tourbe,
IFA-2 UK - Chilling, Hampshire 204 320 1000 2021 IGBT Supplier: ABB
Normandie

Norway - Tonstad Germany - Wilster 623

NORD.LINK 525 1400 2021 IGBT Supplier: ABB
58°40′07″N 6°45′16″E 53°55′18″N 9°20′41″E (570/53)

Supplier: ABB,
730
North Sea Link Norway - Kvilldal UK - Blyth 515 1400 2021 IGBT Group, Nexans
(730/0)
Control & Prot

In the Channel
ElecLink France - Les Mandarins UK - Sellindge 70 320 1000 2022 IGBT
Cost €580m

Johan Sverdrup Norway - Johan 200

Norway - Haugsneset ±80 200 2022 IGBT Supplier: Siem
Phase 2 Sverdrup platform (200/0)

Suppliers: Siem
Viking Link Denmark - Revsing UK - Bicker Fen 740 525 1400 2023 IGBT
Prysmian and

Germany - DolWin Zeta 90 Supplier: Siem

DolWin6 Germany - Emden/Ost ±320 900 2023 IGBT
platform (90/0) Prysmian

Suppliers: ABB
UK - Creyke Beck UK - Dogger Bank A 207 NKT, 172 km s
Dogger Bank A 320 1200 2023 IGBT
53°48′33″N 0°25′1″W platform (207/0) cable and 35 k
underground c

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2024/11/27 16:01 List of HVDC projects - Wikipedia

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remar
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

UK - near Staxigoe
Shetland HVDC UK - Upper Kergord 260
58°27′50″N 3°4′52″W 320 600 20246 IGBT
Connection 60°17′35″N 1°16′15″W [139] (260/0)

Germany - DolWin 130 Supplier: ABB,

DolWin5 Germany - Emden/Ost ±320 900 2024 IGBT
Epsilon platform (130/0) Prysmian

335
Ariadne
Greece – Athens Greece – Heraklion (335/0) 500 1000 2024
Interconnection

Suppliers: ABB
UK - Creyke Beck UK - Dogger Bank B 207 NKT, 172 km s
Dogger Bank B 320 1200 2024 IGBT
53°48′33″N 0°25′1″W platform (207/0) cable and 35 k
underground c

Ireland – County UK – Pembrokeshire,

Greenlink 200 320 500 2024
Wexford Wales

Germany - BorWin
BorWin5 Germany - Garrel/Ost 230 320 900 2025
Epsilon platform

UK - Dogger Bank C
Dogger Bank C UK - Lazenby 270 320 1200 2026
platform

Sofia UK - Lazenby UK - Sofia platform 227 320 1320 2026

Celtic
Ireland France 575 500 700 2026
Interconnector

East Anglia UK - East Anglia THREE

UK - Bramford 190 320 1400 2026
THREE platform

SüdOstLink Germany – Wolmirstedt Germany – Landshut 500 525 2000 2027

Hornsea 3 Link UK - Hornsea 3 Link 1

UK - Norwich 170 320 2027
1 platform

Hornsea 3 Link UK - Hornsea 3 Link 2

UK - Norwich 170 320 2027
2 platform

EuroAsia Israel - Hadera, via

Greece - Korakia, Crete 1208 500 2000 2027
Interconnector Cyprus - Kofinou

EuroAfrica Egypt - Damietta - via

Greece - Korakia, Crete 1396 500 2000 2027
Interconnector Cyprus - Kofinou

Germany -
NeuConnect UK - Isle of Grain 725 ±525 1400 2028
Wilhelmshaven

Harmony Link Lithuania - Darbėnai Poland - Zarnowiec 330 ±320 700 2028

Germany - DolWin4
DolWin4 Germany - Hanekenfähr 215 320 900 2028
platform

Germany - BorWin4
BorWin4 Germany - Hanekenfähr 280 320 900 2029
platform

IJmuiden Ver Netherlands - IJmuiden

Netherlands - Borssele 176 525 2000 2029
Alpha Ver Alpha platform

IJmuiden Ver Netherlands - Netherlands - IJmuiden

525 2000 2029
Beta Maasvlakte Ver Beta platform

IJmuiden Ver Netherlands - Netherlands - IJmuiden

525 2000 2029
Gamma Maasvlakte Ver Gamma platform

Eastern HVDC
UK - Peterhead UK - Hawthorn 305 400 2000 2029
Link

Western Isles
UK - Arnish Point near
HVDC UK - Beauly 156 320 600 2030
Stornoway
connection

France - Menuel on 210

FAB Link UK - Exeter via Alderney 320 1400 2030 IGBT
Cherbourg Peninsula (210/0)

Netherlands -
Nederwiek 1 Netherlands - Borssele 217 525 2000 2030
Nederwiek 1 platform

Netherlands - Netherlands -
Nederwiek 2 525 2000 2030
Maasvlakte Nederwiek 2 platform

Germany - BalWin1
BalWin1 Germany - Wehrendorf 360 525 2000 2030
platform

Germany - Germany - BalWin2

BalWin2 380 525 2000 2031
Westerkappeln platform

SuedLink DC3 Germany - Brunsbuettel Germany - Grossgartach 700 ±525 2000 2027 IGBT Suppliers: VSC
substations: Si
53°53'47.4"N 49°08'36.2"N
Energy (https:/
9°11'47.6"E (https:// 9°09'03.9"E (https:// mens-energy.c
www.google.de/map www.google.de/map l/de/pressemit
s/place/53%C2%B05 s/place/49%C2%B00 ndstromleitung
-wird-mit-hgue
3'47.4%22N+9%C 8'36.2%22N+9%C

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HVDC_projects 11/29
2024/11/27 16:01 List of HVDC projects - Wikipedia

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remar
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)
2%B011'47.6%22E/ 2%B009'03.9%22E/ gie-von-sieme
y), DC cable: n
@53.896501,9.19435 @49.143397,9.14955
www.nkt.de/pr
43,508m/data=!3m 96,563m/data=!3m ts/nkt-erhaelt-
2!1e3!4b1!4m13!1m 2!1e3!4b1!4m13!1m rag-ueber-meh
6!3m5!1s0x47b3e59 6!3m5!1s0x4798293 1-mrd-fuer-da
nnungs-gleich
4f2d6cf55:0x6d37f2 e5a88fe51:0xb0cda7
ekt-suedlink)
5ec27a8f92!2sBruns 6391249fd2!2sInfoce
Common p
b%C3%BCttel+Ports nter+SuedLink!8m2!
Tennet TS
+GmbH!8m2!3d53.8 3d49.1432571!4d9.1
Transnet BW
895725!4d9.172673! 512479!3m5!1s0x0:0
3m5!1s0x0:0xeb109 x51aaddaac1a12e0
highlight: fir
2350546ab4b!7e2!8 4!7e2!8m2!3d49.143 fully unde
m2!3d53.8965012!4 3966!4d9.1510847)
DC cable pro
d9.1965426)

Germany - Bergrheinfeld
Germany - Wilster
49°59'22.4"N
53°55'14.3"N
10°09'02.9"E (http
9°20'34.8"E (https:// Supplier subst
s://www.google.de/
www.google.de/map dc cable:
maps/place/49%C
s/place/53%C2%B05 (https://de.p
2%B059'22.4%22N+
5'14.3%22N+9%C group.com/
10%C2%B009'02.9%
2%B020'34.8%22E/ k) Common
22E/@49.989555,10.
SuedLink DC4
@53.920632,9.34079 550 ±525 2000 2027 IGBT of TenneT T
1486123,554m/data
83,507m/data=!3m Transnet BW
=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m
2!1e3!4b1!4m9!1m2!
9!1m2!2m1!1sbergr
2m1!1swilster+tenn highlight: fir
heinfeld+tennet!3m
et!3m5!1s0x0:0x1bc fully unde
5!1s0x0:0x2f503fb00
b53481352ed52!7e DC cable pro
48268f8!7e2!8m2!3d
2!8m2!3d53.920632
49.989555!4d10.150
2!4d9.3429872)
8008)

Connects main
Tyrrhenian Link Italy – Battipaglia Italy – Sardinia 970 1000 2028
to Sicily and Sa

Adriatic Link Italy – Abruzzo Italy – Marche 250 1000 2028

700–
Estlink 3 Finland Estonia 2035
1000

2 As of 9 December 2015, LitPol Link started trial operations.[179]

3 Caithness Moray HVDC serves a number of renewable energy sources in the north of Scotland - see map[180]
4 Contracts due to be placed in 2016.

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2024/11/27 16:01 List of HVDC projects - Wikipedia
5 Elia says construction expected to start in late 2017.
6 Date is that quoted to support the Shetland Wind Farm that SSE is a part investor in.[181]
7 Decision on project expected in 2017 following consultation - see SSE PD reference.

North America

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

Experimental, frequency
USA -
conversion 40 to 60 Hz
HVDC Mechanicville, USA -
37 [182]
Mechanicville– NY Schenectady,
(0/37)
12 5 1932 Merc Dismantled after
Schenectady 42°54′45″N NY WW II
73°40′49″W

Canada -
Canada - Delta,
North
Vancouver BC 75 1968 - [1]
Cowichan, BC 260 312 Merc Supplier: ASEA
Island 1 49°5′31″N (42/33) 2014
48°49′39″N
123°2′31″W
123°42′55″W

Transmission voltage
±400 kV until 1984
Maximum transmission
power 1440 MW until
1982
From 1982 to 1984 1600
USA - Sylmar,
MW
USA - Celilo, CA
From 1984 to 1989 2000
Pacific DC OR 34°18′39″N 1362 [1][183][184
±500 3100 1970 Thyr MW
Intertie 45°35′39″N 118°29′21″W, (0/1362)
Merc replaced by Thyr in
121°6′51″W 34°18′42″N
2004
118°28′53″W
Original supplier: ASEA,
General Electric
In 1989 upgraded by
ABB
In 2004 upgraded by
ABB and Siemens

Used the largest

mercury arc rectifiers
ever built
Canada - Canada -
Original supplier: English
Gillam, Rosser,
Nelson River 895 Electric. [1][185]
Manitoba Manitoba 463.5 1854 1971 Thyr
Bipole 1 (0/895) In 1992/1993, Pole 1
56°21′41″N 49°59′39″N
upgraded to Thyr by
94°36′48″W 97°25′39″W
Alstom.
In 2004, Pole 2 upgraded
to Thyr by Siemens.

Canada -
Canada - Delta,
North
Vancouver BC 75 1977 - [1]
Cowichan, BC 280 370 Thyr Supplier: General Electric
Island 2 49°5′31″N (33/42) 2016
48°49′39″N
123°2′31″W
123°42′55″W

USA - Adolph,
USA - Center,
MN Supplier: General Electric
ND (Young) 749 [1][186][187
Square Butte (Arrowhead) 250 500 1977 Thyr In 2004 Control system
47°4′18″N (0/749)
46°46′25″N upgrade by ABB
101°11′45″W
92°17′39″W

Canada - Canada -
Sundance, Rosser,
Nelson River 940 1978- [1][185]
Manitoba Manitoba 500 2000 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
Bipole 2 (0/940) 1985
56°30′14″N 49°59′39″N
94°8′24″W 97°25′49″W

USA -
USA -
Underwood,
Rockford, MN Supplier: ABB In 2004,
ND 687 [1][188]
CU (Dickinson) 400 1000 1979 Thyr control system upgrade
(Coal Creek) (0/687)
45°6′40″N by ABB
47°22′24″N
93°48′36″W
101°9′23″W

USA -
USA -
Intermountain,
Adelanto, CA 785
Path 27 UT ±500 1920 1986 Thyr
34°33′4″N (0/785)
39°30′2″N
117°26′14″W
112°34′51″W

Quebec - New Canada - Canada - 1105 450 2250 1991 Thyr 3 terminals [1]

England Radisson, Nicolet, QC (5/1100) Converter stations near

Transmission Quebec 46°04′47″N Windsor, Quebec and
OpenStreetMap 72°14′58″W; Monroe, New Hampshire
(https://www.o USA - Ayer, were decommissioned in
penstreetmap.o MA 2007.
rg/relation/339 42°34′13″N
Supplier: ABB
2247) 71°31′27″W

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2024/11/27 16:01 List of HVDC projects - Wikipedia

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)
53°43′33″N
77°44′17″W

USA - New USA -

Haven, Shoreham,
Cross Sound 40 Buried underwater cable [189]
Connecticut New York 150 330 2002 IGBT
Cable (40/0) Supplier: ABB
41°17′12″N 40°57′33″N
72°54′8″W 72°52′3″W

USA - Long
USA -
Island
Neptune Sayreville, NJ 105 [190]
(Hicksville) NY 500 660 2007 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
Cable 40°28′25.38″N (105/0)
40°45′38″N
74°21′11.1″W
73°33′4″W

First HVDC system using

USA - Modular Multi-Level
USA - San
Pittsburg, Converter
Trans Bay Francisco, CA 85 [191][192][1
California 200 400 2010 IGBT
Cable
38°01′51″N
37°45′17″N (85/0) Supplier: Siemens,
122°23′09″W Pirelli
121°53′48″W

Canada –
Eastern Canada –
Heathfield,
Alberta Newell, AB [194]
AB 485 (0/485) 500 1000 2015/2016 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
Transmission 50°30′41″N
53°51′28″N
Line 112°01′02″W
113°13′52″W

Western Canada – Canada –

Alberta Genesee, AB Langdon, AB [194][195]
350 (0/350) 500 1000 2015 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
Transmission 53°21′13″N 50°57′37″N
Line 114°18′33″W 113°43′11″W

Canada -
Canada - Riel,
Keewatinohk,
Nelson River Manitoba 1324 [1][185]
Manitoba 500 2000 2018 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
Bipole 3 49°51′59″N (0/1324)
56°39′25″N
96°56′24″W
93°51′14″W

Canada - Canada - Drilling for cable landfall

Labrador- 1135 [196][197]
Muskrat Falls, Soldiers Pond, 350 900 2017 Thyr began in 2014.
Island Link (35/1100)
NL NL Supplier: Alstom Grid

Canada -
Canada -
Woodbine, Right-of-way clearing
Bottom Brook, 360 [198][199][2
Maritime Link NS 200 500 2017 IGBT began in 2014.
NL 48°31′52″N (170/190)
45°59′30″N Supplier: ABB
58°15′39″W
60°16′26″W

New England [202][203][2

USA - Alburgh, USA - Ludlow, 248
Clean Power 320 1000 ? Connects to Quebec [205]
VT VT (248/0)
Link

USA –
TransWest USA – Sinclair, 1165 [206][207][2
Boulder City, 600 3000 2027 Ground breaking in 2023
Express WY (0/1165)
NV

750
Grain Belt USA - Ford USA - Sullivan [209]
(0/750) 600 5000 ?
Express County, KS County, IN

Buried along railroad

USA - Mason USA - Plano, [210]
SOO Green 563 525 2100 2023 right-of-way
City, Iowa Illinois
Supplier: Siemens

USA - Upstate USA - New [211]

Clean Path NY 280 1300 ?
New York York City

Champlain 60% submarine under

Canada–New USA - New [212]
Hudson Power 545 1250 2025 Lake Champlain and
York border York City
Express 40% underground

New England
USA - Beattie USA - [213]
Clean Energy 314 1200 2024
Twp, ME Lewiston, ME
Connect

SunZia USA – Torrance USA – Pinal Project combined with [214]

880 525 3000 2026
Transmission County, NM County, AZ 3,500 MW wind project

South America

Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

Brazil - Foz do Brazil - São

Iguaçu, Paraná Roque, São Paulo 785 [1]
Itaipu 1 600 3150 1984 Thyr Supplier: ABB
25°27′58″S 23°40′2″S (0/785)
54°32′33″W 47°6′19″W

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Total Length Nominal

Converter Converter Power
Name (Cable/Pole) Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
station 1 station 2 (MW)
(km) (kV)

Brazil - Foz do Brazil - São

Iguaçu, Paraná Roque, São Paulo 805 [1]
Itaipu 2 600 3150 1987 Thyr Supplier: ABB
25°27′58″S 23°40′2″S (0/805)
54°32′33″W 47°6′19″W

The longest
Brazil, Porto Velho Brazil, Araraquara
2375 transmission link in the [215]
Rio Madeira 08°54′53″S 21°49′59″S 600 7100 2013 Thyr
(0/2375) world
63°57′27″W 48°20′52″W
Suppliers: ABB, Alstom

Xingu-Estreito
Brazil - Anapu, Brazil - Ibiraci, [216]
(aka, Belo Monte 2077 (0/2077) 800 4000 2017 Thyr Supplier: SIEMENS
Pará Minas Gerais
1)

Xingu-Rio (aka, Brazil - Rio de [216]

Brazil - Pará 2550 800 4000 2019 Thyr Supplier: NARI/XD/CET
Belo Monte 2) Janeiro

Back to back

Nominal
Power
Name Location Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
(MW)
(kV)

built for an interconnection between 60 Hz-

Carnegie Steel USA - Pittsburgh, [217]
? ? ? Merc utility system and a 25 Hz System,
Company B2B Pennsylvania
dismantled

Japan - Sakuma
replaced in 1993 by new converter using
Sakuma B2B 35°04′57″N 125 300 1965 Merc
light-triggered thyristors
137°47′56″E

Canada - Eel River,

NB [218][219]
Eel River B2B 80 320 1972 Thyr life extension project 2014
48°01′05″N
66°26′39″W

USA - Stegall,
David A. Hamil Nebraska
±50 100 1977 Thyr Supplier: GE
B2B 41°49′15″N
103°56′32″W

Japan - Shin
Shinano
Shin Shinano B2B 125 600 1977 Thyr Supplier: Toshiba, Hitachi
36°08′14″N
137°52′58″E

Paraguay - Ciudad
de Este
Acaray B2B 25.6 50 1981 Thyr
25°27′26″S
54°37′26″W

Russia - Vyborg
Vyborg B2B 60°40′49″N ±85 1065 1982 Thyr extended up to 1420 MW in 2001
28°55′7″E

Austria - Dürnrohr
shut down in October 1996, dismantled in
Dürnrohr B2B 48°19′46″N 145 550 1983 Thyr
2007
15°52′48″E

Artesia, New
USA - Artesia, NM
Mexico (Eddy
32°48′51.7″N 82 200 1983 Thyr
County HVDC
104°14′29.6″W
B2B) B2B

Canada –
Châteauguay, QC [220][221]
Chateauguay B2B 140 1000 1984 Thyr Control system upgrade by ABB in 2009
45°15′11″N
73°52′11″W
[222][223]
USA - Oklaunion, TX
Oklaunion B2B 82 200 1984 Thyr ABB replacement in 2014
34°5′6″N 99°11′1″W

USA - Blackwater,
Blackwater, New NM Valve cooling and control systems upgrade [224][225]
57 200 1984 Thyr
Mexico B2B 34°18′3″N by ABB in 2009
103°10′27″W

Canada - Dégelis,
Madawaska, QC
140 350 1985 Thyr
Quebec B2B 47°30′31″N
68°31′25″W

USA - Miles City, MT

Miles City,
46°24′31″N 82 200 1985 Thyr
Montana B2B
105°47′36″W

USA - Highgate, VT
Highgate, VT B2B 44°56′17″N 56 200 1985 Thyr Refurbishment by ABB in 2012, [226]

73°3′15″W

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Nominal
Power
Name Location Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
(MW)
(kV)

Brazil - Uruguaiana
Uruguaiana B2B 29°48′22″S 17.9 53.9 1986 Thyr
57°0′17″W

Australia - Broken
Hill
Broken Hill B2B 8.33 40 1986 Thyr
31°59′10″S
141°25′9″E

USA - Sidney, NE
Virginia Smith B2B 41°9′51″N 50 200 1988 Thyr [227]

102°59′15″W

India - Vindhyachal
Vindhyachal B2B 24°05′38″N 176 500 1989 Thyr
82°40′44″E

Canada - Mc Neill,
AB
McNeill B2B 42 150 1989 Thyr Supplier: Alstom
50°35′56″N
110°01′25″W

Germany -
construction work was stopped after
Wolmirstedt
Wolmirstedt B2B 160 600 (1992) Thyr reunification, static inverter hall is today part
52°16′21″N
of a recycling yard
11°38′10″E

Germany -
Etzenricht shut down in October 1995, dismantled in
Etzenricht B2B 160 600 1993 Thyr
49°37′52″N 2009
12°6′56″E

Vienna-Southeast Austria - Vienna shut down in October 1996, dismantled in

142 600 1993 Thyr
B2B 48°7′22″N 16°25′6″E 2007

India - Chandrapur
Chandrapur B2B 205 2x500 1998 Thyr Supplier: Alstom
20°5′21″N 79°8′36″E

USA - Titus County,

Welsh HVDC
TX
Converter Station 162 600 1998 Thyr
33°03′30.3″N
B2B
94°50′36.54″W

Brazil - Garabi Brazil-Argentina Interconnection. Supplier:

[228]
Garabi HVDC 28°15′19″S ±70 2200 1999 Thyr ABB In 2002, the second phase 'Garabi 2' was
55°40′18″W supplied by ABB .

India -
Visakhapatnam
Vizag 1 Gazuwaka 205 500 1999 Thyr Supplier: Alstom
17°38′33″N
83°7′57″E

Japan - Minami -
Minami- Fukumitsu
125 300 1999 Thyr
Fukumitsu B2B 36°29′46″N
136°54′57″E

Uruguay - Rivera
Rivera B2B 30°56′29″S 22 70 2000 Thyr Supplier: Alstom
55°33′34″W

USA - Eagle Pass, TX

Eagle Pass, Texas
28°42′58.8″N 15.9 36 2000 IGBT
B2B
100°29′26.88″W

India - Sasaram
Sasaram B2B 25°07′42″N 205 500 2003 Thyr Supplier: Alstom
83°42′29″E

USA - Rapid City, SD

Rapid City DC Tie [229][230]
44°00′37″N 13 200 2003 Thyr
B2B
103°9′54″W

India -
Installed at Gazuwaka. Supplier:ABB. This is
Visakhapatnam [231]
Vizag 2 176 500 2005 Thyr similar in specs to Vizag I and connects the
17°38′26″N
Eastern and Southern grids.
83°8′10″E

China - Lingbao Supplier: NR(Protection&Control), Extension

Lingbao B2B 34°32′56″N 168 360 2005 Thyr project 2010: Supplier: ABB;C-EPRI Electric [232][233]

110°50′49″E Power Engineering Co., Ltd

USA - Lamar, CO
Lamar Co., Supplier: Siemens; Combination of B2B [234]
38°12′25.08″N 63.6 210 2005 Thyr
Colorado B2B HVDC & Grid Power Flow Controller (GPFC)
102°31′43.92″W

Japan - Shimuzu
Higashi-Shimuzu
35°03′24″N 125 300 2006 Thyr
B2B
138°29′58″E

USA - Mission, TX
Sharyland B2B 26°10′01″N 21 150 2007 Thyr
98°19′25″W

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Nominal
Power
Name Location Voltage Year Type Remarks Ref
(MW)
(kV)

Saudi Arabia - Al
Used mainly for Dynamic Reserve Power
Fadhili [235]
Al Fadhili B2B 222 3x600 2008 Thyr Sharing rather than economic energy
26°53′52″N
transfer. Supplier: Alstom
49°20′47″E

Canada -
Buckingham, QC [56]
Outaouais B2B 315 2x625 2009 Thyr Expected completion 2009. Supplier:ABB
45°36′01″N
75°26′47″W

China - Heihe
Heihe B2B 50°15′19″N ±125 750 2011 Thyr Supplier: NR(Protection&Control)[236]
127°25′37″E

China - Gaoling
Gaoling B2B 40°10′49″N ±500 1500 2008 Thyr
120°00′22″E

Shandong - East
China 1200 2011 Thyr
B2B

Uruguay - Melo
Melo B2B 32°25′02″S ±79 500 2011 Thyr Supplier:Alstom
54°05′34″W

North - Central
China 1000 2012 Thyr
B2B

Brazil – Porto Velho

Rio Madeira B2B 8°54′46″S 100 600 2013 Thyr Supplier: ABB[237] [238][239][240][241]

63°57′27″W

USA - Ridgefield, NJ
Ridgefield B2B (
40°49′56″N 185 660 2013 Thyr Supplier: Siemens[242]
Hudson Project)
74°00′44″W

Bangladesh –
Bheramara
Bheramara B2B 158 500 2013 Thyr
24°04′03″N
89°0′04″E

Georgia -
Akhaltsikhe [243]
Akhaltsikhe B2B 96 700 2013 Thyr Supplier: Siemens
41°42′26″N
43°06′35″E

USA - Saint Ignace,

MI [244]
Mackinac B2B 70 200 2014 IGBT Supplier: ABB
45°51′31″N
84°44′18″W

USA - Mission, TX
Railroad DC Tie 26°10′01″N 21 150 2014 Thyr
98°19′25″W

Lithuania - Alytus
[245]
Alytus B2B 54°26′19″N ±70 500 2015 Thyr
23°58′02″E

Russia - Mogocha
Mogocha B2B 53°43′30″N ±32 2x100 2017 IGBT [246]

119°47′22″E

Supplier: XJ Group Corporation(2x1250MW),

China-Chongqing, VSC- C-EPRI Electric Power Engineering Co.,
Yu - E B2B ±420 4x1250 2017
China-Hubei HVDC Ltd(1x1250MW), Rongxin Power Electronic
Co., Ltd. (1x1250MW)

Russia - Khani
Khani B2B 56°55′09″N ±32 2x100 2019 IGBT [246]

119°59′24″E

Turkiye - İran
Van B2B 38°58′37″N 420 600 2021 IGBT Supplier:NR-TEIAS
43°31′58″E

Germany -
Bentwisch
Bentwisch B2B ±140 410 2019 IGBT
54°06′04″N
12°12′56″E

Tres Amigas
USA - Clovis, NM ? 5000 ? IGBT
SuperStation

Maps

Europe
1. Shetland HVDC Connection

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2. Caithness Moray HVDC
3. Western Isles HVDC connection
4. NorthConnect
5. North Sea Link: Kvilldal, Norway – Blyth, UK
6. Eastern HVDC Link
7. Moyle: Auchencrosh, UK – Ballycronan More, Northern Ireland, UK
8. Western HVDC Link
9. East–West Interconnector: Leinster, Ireland – Shotton, Wales, UK
10. Celtic Interconnector
11. FAB Link
12. IFA-2
13. HVDC Cross-Channel: Les Mandarins, France – Sellindge, UK
14. Nemo Link
15. BritNed: UK – Netherlands
16. Aachen Liège Electricity Grid Overlay (ALEGrO)[247]
17. Viking Link
18. HVDC DolWin1, HVDC DolWin2, HVDC DolWin3 Existing
Under construction
19. HVDC SylWin1
Options under consideration
20. HVDC HelWin1, HVDC HelWin2 HVDC interconnections in Europe as of 2023
21. HVDC BorWin1, HVDC BorWin2, HVDC BorWin3
22. NorNed: Feda, Norway – Eemshaven, Netherlands
23. NORD.LINK: Germany – Norway
24. Skagerrak 1, 2, 3, and 4: Tjele, Denmark – Kristiansand, Norway
25. Konti-Skan 1 and 2: VesterHassing, Denmark – Stenkullen, Sweden
26. StoreBælt: Fyn, Denmark – Zealand, Denmark
27. Baltic Cable: Lübeck- Herrenwyk, Germany – Kruseberg, Sweden
28. Kontek: Bjæverskov, Denmark – Bentwisch, Germany
29. SydVästlänken
30. SwePol: Stärnö, Sweden – Wierzbięcin (Słupsk), Poland
31. LitPol Link
32. NordBalt
33. HVDC Visby–Näs
34. Gotland: Västervik, Sweden – Ygne, Sweden
35. Fenno-Skan: Rauma, Finland – Dannebo, Sweden, Fenno-Skan 2
36. ÅL-link
37. Estlink: Harku, Estonia – Espoo, Finland
38. Estlink 2
39. Cometa: Valencia, Spain – Mallorca, Spain
40. INELFE Baixas - Santa Llogaia[248]
41. HVDC Italy–Corsica–Sardinia: "SACOI" – Codrongianos, Sardinia, Italy – Lucciana, Corsica, France – Suvereto, Italy (mainland)
42. SAPEI, Sardinia – Italian mainland
43. HVDC MON.ITA Project
44. HVDC Italy-Greece: Arachthos, Greece – Galatina, Italy
45. EuroAsia Interconnector
46. EuroAfrica Interconnector
47. Greenlink
48. France-Italy via Fréjus Road Tunnel
49. ElecLink: via Channel Tunnel
50. INELFE Biscay Gulf[249]
51. NeuConnect: Isle of Grain, UK – Wilhelmshaven, Germany

See also

Energy portal

Lists portal

Asian Super Grid

Desertec
Electrode line
European super grid
High-voltage direct current
List of high voltage underground and submarine cables

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Lyon-Moutiers DC transmission scheme
Scotland-Norway interconnector
HVDC converter station
Super grid
Submarine power cable
Transmission tower
Uno Lamm
Valve hall

References
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