Podar International School, Osmanabad
Std VIII Science Chapter 11 Force and Pressure
Value Of the Chapter Patience is Power!
1. Tick the correct option.
a. A force
i. sets a stationary object into motion
ii. can change the shape and size of an object.
iii. can stop a moving object
iv. all of these
b. Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force?
ii. Force exerted by the Earth on apples on a tree.
C. Decrease in the contact area:
i. increases the pressure
d. When two equal and non zero forces act on an object in the same direction, then:
i. both add up
e. Pressure is inversely proportional to
iii. area
2. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets..
a. The atmospheric pressure with height above sea level. (increases/decreases)
b. The SI unit of force is . (pascal/newton)
c. force is always attractive. (Magnetic/Gravitational)
d. A force that requires a direct or indirect physical contact to act on an object is called a
force. (contact/non-contact)
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3. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).
a. Gravitational force is the only force which is considered as both a non-contact and contact
force. False
b. A moving object can be stopped by applying force in the direction opposite to the object’s
direction of motion. True
c. Electrostatic force is a contact force. False
d. Magnetic force is used with different hand tools to enhance the efficiency of
various activities. True
e. Solids can exert pressure on the surface only. True
4. Match the following.
Column A Column B
a. Blunt knife Lower pressure
b. Sharp needle Higher pressure
c. Atmospheric pressure Caused by weight of air
d. Liquid pressure Exerts pressure equally in all directions at the same height.
5. Answer the following questions in one word or a sentence.
a. What is the atmospheric pressure?
Answer:
Atmospheric pressure is defined as the force per unit area exerted against a surface by the
weight of the air above the surface.
b. Name the type force that acts on an object without any physical contact.
Answer:
Non Contact Force
c. Give any two examples of contact forces.
Answer:
Muscular Force, Frictional Force
d. Define force.
Answer:
A pull or push which acts on body is known as force.
e. Write the formula which explains the relation between force, area and pressure.
Answer:
𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
Pressure =
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎
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6. Answer the following questions in short.
a. Derive the SI unit of pressure from its formula.
Answer:
b. Justify that atmospheric pressure helps to fill a syringe.
Answer:
When the nozzle of a syringe is dipped in a liquid and its piston is withdrawn, the pressure inside the
syringe is lowered. The greater atmospheric pressure acting on the surface of the liquid pushes the liquid
up into the syringe.
c. What is frictional force? Give a real life example of it.
Answer: A force that acts along the two surfaces in contact and opposes the motion of one object over another is
called the force of friction.
e. g. A ball rolling on the ground gradually slows down and finally comes to rest due to the force of
friction.
d. Imagine that a force is applied in the opposite direction to the direction of motion of an object.
What will happen if the applied force is not sufficient to stop the object?
Answer:
When applied force is not sufficient to stop the object, the applied force slows down the moving object.
e. Calculate the pressure produced by a force of 450 N acting on an area of 5 m2.
Answer:
Given 1) Force: 450 N
2) Area : 5 m2
𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
Pressure =
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎
450
Pressure =
5
Pressure= 90Pa
7. Give reasons.
a. Vegetables can easily be cut with a sharp knife.
Answer:
It is easy to cut vegetable, fruits, paper and different items with instruments like a sharp knife or
scissors. Such sharp edge instruments have lesser area of contact. Thus, a small applied force is
enough to generate a large amount of pressure in order to cut a variety of objects.
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b. The walls of dams are broad at their base.
Answer:
As water pressure increases with depth, walls of dams are made thicker at the bottom. This is
because thicker walls can withstand a greater pressure exerted by the water at depth.
8. Answer the following questions in detail.
a. Describe gravitational force.
Answer:
The force that pulls all objects towards the centre of Earth is called the gravitational force of the Earth or
the force of gravity. Gravitational force is the attraction between an object and the Earth, even though
they do not have any direct and indirect physical contact with each other. This force is always attractive,
for instance, when a body is dropped from a height it moves in the downwards direction towards the Earth
with increasing speed at a constant rate. Gravitational force or gravity is responsible for keeping all the
planets in their respective orbits around the Sun. The measure of the gravitational force with which the
Earth pulls an object towards itself is measured in terms of a quantity called weight.
b. Explain how a force can change the size of an object with an example.
Answer:
A force can change the internal arrangement of molecules of an object and depending upon the
magnitude of the force, the size or shape of the object can be changed.
e. g. A compressive (pushing) force compresses a spring, similarly a pulling force stretches the spring.
c. What is an unbalanced force? Explain with an example.
Answer:
A force where two forces acting in opposing directions on a body, are not equal in magnitude and
in size, is known as an unbalanced force.
E.g. Unbalanced forces are not equal and opposite. Suppose that one of the teams in tug of war pulls
harder than the other team. The forces would no longer be equal.
