M. J. P.

ROHILKHAND UNIVERSITY
BAREILLY
DEARTMENT OF PHARMACY

Syllabus
Master of Pharmacy (M.Pharm)
(Pharmacology)
Effective from academic session 2013-14

1
 Subject and evaluation scheme, M.Pharm (Pharmacology)
Name of Subject Marks Allotted
M. Pharm. I Year, Ist Semester
st
Paper (H/W) Internal External Total
Modern Analytical Techniques 1 4 30 70 100
Modern Analytical Techniques Practical 2 6 30 70 100
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 3 4 30 70 100
Pharmacology and Drug therapy 4 4 30 70 100
Pharmacology and Drug therapy Practical 5 6 30 70 100
M. Pharm Ist Year, IInd Semester
Pharmacotherapeutics 6 4 30 70 100
Pharmacotherapeutic Practical 7 4 30 70 100
Experimental Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation 8 6 30 70 100
Experimental Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation 9 4 70 100
30
Practical
Recent Advances in Pharmacology 10 6 30 70 100
nd rd
M. Pharm II Year, III Semester
Research Methodology 11 4 20 30 50
Workshop on Research Methodology 12 --- 20 30 50
Synopsis Presentation & Viva Voce 13 --- --- 100 100
M. Pharm IInd Year, IVth Semester
Dissertation Work+Presentation+ Viva voce 14 --- --- 300 300

2
 Semester-I
(Pharmacology)
Paper 1-MODERN ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
External Marks: 70 4 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100
1- Theory, instrumentation and applications with regard to drug analysis, decomposition product
indentification and estimation, metabolite analysis and special methods based on: Ultraviolet-visible
spectrophotometry, Infrared spectrophotometry and Fluorimetry.
2- Theory, instrumentation and basic principles and recent advances of:
1. 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H NRM): Concepts of chemical shift,
spin-spin coupling, coupling constant, shielding and deshielding effects.
2. Mass Spectroscopy: Introduction, different techniques of ionization (CI, EI & FABMS)
isotopic abundance, molecular on fragmentation, base peaks etc, Nitrogen rule.
3. Chromatographic methods, principles and applications of: Gas-chromatography
including GC-MS; High performance liquid chromatography; Electrophoresis (gel and
capillary) with an emphasis on specific examples of biological assay methods by HPTLC.
Books Recommended:
1. Willard H.H., Merrit L.L., Dean J.A., Settle P.A., Instrumental Methods of Analysis, Van Nostrand.
2. Skoog D.A., Heller F.J., Nieman T.A., Principles of Instrumental Analysis, WB Saunders.
3. Hunson J.W., ed. Pharmaceutical Analysis, Modern Methods, part A & B, Marcel Dekker.
4. Schirmer R.E., ed. Modern Methods of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Vols 1, 2. Boca Raton F.L., CRC
Press.
5. Mann C.K. et al., Instrumental Analysis Harper & Row.
6. Jaffe H.H., Orchin M., Theory & Applications of Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, Willy.
7. Silverstein, Spectrometric identification of Organic Compounds, Willy.
8. Bovey F., Jelinski L., Miran P., Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Sau: Diego Academic.
9. Stothers J.B., Carbon-13 NMR.Spectroscopy, Academic.
10. Gordy W., Theory & Applications of Electron Spin Resonance, Willy.
11. Haswell S.J., ed. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Elsevier.
12. Ardrey R.E., Pharmaceutical Mass Spectra, Pharmaceutical Press, London.
13. Budzikiewicz et al., Interpretation of Mass Spectra of Organic Compounds, Holden-Day San
Francisco.
14. Beckett and Stenlake, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, CBS.
15. Stahl E., Thin Layer Chromatography- A laboratory Handbook, Springer-Verlag
16. Giddings J.C., Principles and Theory- Dynamics of Chromatography, Marcel Dekker.
17. Sethi P.D., Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical formulations, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
18. Kemp William, Organic spectroscopy, Pal grave, New York.
19. Kalsi P.S., Spectroscopy of organic compounds, New age publishers, New Delhi.
20. Gross - Mass Spectrometry
21. WHO - Quality Assurance of Pharmaceuticals, Vol. I, II.
22. Sethi P.D., HPLC, Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Formulations, CBS Publishers, Delhi.
23. Sethi P.D., HPTLC, Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Formulations, CBS Publishers, Delhi.
24. Haffmann, Chromatography.
25. Sethi and Charcgankar, Identification of Drugs in Pharmaceutical Formulations by TLC.
26. Robert D. Braun, Introduction to Instrumental Analysis.
27. Wilfried M.A. Niessen- Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

3
 28. Harry G. Brittain, Spectroscopy of Pharmaceutical Solids.
29. George S., Steroid Analysis in Pharmaceutical Industry.
30. Higuchi, Pharmaceutical Analysis.
31. Bidingmeyer, Practical HPLC Methodology and Applications.
32. Hoffmann, Mass Spectrometry: Principle and Application.
33. Scott, Techniques and Practice of Chromatography.
34. Wilkins, Identification of Microorganism by Mass Spectrometry.
35. Wu, Handbook for Size Exclusion Chromatography and related Techniques.

Paper 2: PRACTICALS OF MODERN ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES

External Marks: 70 6 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100
Practical Based on theory

Paper 3: PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

External Marks: 70 4 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100

1. Status and Scope of Biotechnology in Pharmacy Enzyme immobilization-Principles and

Pharmaceutical applications.
2. Biotechnology based pharmaceutical using recombinant DNA Technology, interferons and
reverse transcriptase.
3. Optimization of fermentation processes-Ethyl Alcohol, Antibiotics, Vitamins, Amino acids
and Pharmaceutical solvents-raw materials, process and process validation.
4. Bo-technology & GMP Formulation approaches to protein stabilization. Regulatory aspects of
Biotechnology based pharmaceuticals.
5. Introduction to Bioinformatics.

Book Recommended:
1. Wiseman A.,ed, Principles of Bio-technology”, Chapman & Hall.
2. Antebi E, Fishlock D. Biotechnology-Strategies for life. Cambridge.
3. Higgins 1.1., Best, DJ & Jones. Biotechnology, Principles & Applications. Blackwell
Scientific Publications, Oxford.
4. Stanbary P.F. and Whitaker. A Principles of Fermentation Technology. Pergamon Press,
Oxford.
5. Golub E. The limits of Medicine: How Science shapes our Hope for the cure. Time Books,
New York.
6. Bickerstaff GF. Enzymes in Industry and Medicine, New Studies in Biology. Edwin
Arnold, London.

4
 7. Glick. BR, Pasternak J.I. Molecular Biotechnology-Principles and Applications of
Recombinant DNA. ASM Press Washington.

PAPER 4: PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG THERAPY

External Marks: 70 4 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100

1: Principles of General Pharmacology

1. Introduction
2. Sources of drugs
3. Dosage forms of drugs
4. Routes of drug administration
5. Mechanisms of drug actions
6. Factors affecting drug actions
7. Biotransformation of drugs
8. Pharmacokinetics of drugs
9. Pharmacodynamics of drugs
10. Drug interactions
11. Adverse drug reactions
2: Drugs acting on Autonomic nervous system
1. Introduction
2. Parasympathetic nervous system
3. Sympathetic nervous system
4. Ganglionic stimulating agents
5. Ganglionic blocking agents
6. Adrenergic neuron blocking agents
3: Drugs acting on Peripheral nervous system
1. Skeletal muscle relaxants
2. Local anaesthetics
4: Drugs acting on Central nervous system
1. Introduction
2. General anaesthetics
3. Alcohol
4. Anxiolytics and hypnotics
5. antidepressants
6. Antimanics
7. Antipsychotics
8. CNS stimulants
9. Psychomimetics
10. Antiepileptics
11. Opioid analgesics
12. Drug dependence and drug abuse

5
5: Drugs acting on Gastrointestinal tract
1. Introduction
2. Peptic ulcer
3. Antiemetics
4. Anti-constipation agents
5. Antidiarrhoeals
6: Miscellaneous topics
1. Drug use in the pediatrics
2. Drug use in the geriatrics
3. Vitamins and antioxidants
4. Essential medicines
5. Rational use of drugs
6. Gene therapy
7. Drug patents

Books Recommended
1. K.K. Maheshwari. Drugs Pharmacology, 1st edition, Vallabh Publication, New Delhi.
India.
2. Goodman and Gillman’s. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 10th edition,
Pergamon press, New York, U.S.A., 2001
3. Dipiro, J.T., Pharmacotherapy: A Pathologic Approach, Appleton Lange, U.S.A., 1997.
4. Munson, P.L., Principles of pharmacology, Chapman and Hall, ITP an international
publishing company, New York.

PAPER 5: PRACTICAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG THERAPY

External Marks: 70 6 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100
Practicals based on theory

SEMESTER-II
(PHARMACOLOGY)
PAPER 6: PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
External Marks: 70 4 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100

1: Drugs acting on Renal system

1. Diuretics
2. Antidiuretics
2: Drugs acting on Cardiovascular system
1. Pharmacotherapeutic of angina pectoris
2. Pharmacotherapeutic of hypertension

6
 3. Pharmacotherapeutic of cardiac arrhythmias
4. Pharmacotherapeutic heart failure
5. Pharmacotherapeutic of hyperlipidaemia and hypercholestrolaemia
3: Drugs acting on Respiratory system
1. Pharmacotherapeutic of asthma
2. Pharmacotherapeutic of cough
4: Drugs acting on Endocrinal system
1. Introduction
2. Hormones
3. Thyroid and antithyroid drugs
4. Vitamin-D
5. Calcitonin and calcium balance
6. Insulin
7. Hypoglycaemic agents
8. Contraceptives
9. Anabolics and catabolics
5: Drugs acting on Hematopoietic system
1. Hematopoietic agents
2. Coagulants and anticoagulants
3. Fibrinolytics, thrombolytics and antiplatletics
6: Pharmacotherapeutics of microbial diseases
1. Chemotherapy
2. Sulfonamides
3. Tetracyclines and chloramphenicol
4. Quinolones and fleuroquinolones
5. Anminoglycosides
6. Penicillins
7. Cephalosporins
8. β-Lactum antibiotics
9. Macrolides
10. Tuberculosis
11. Leprosy
12. Fungal infections
13. Viral Infections
14. Sepsis
15. Malaria
16. Helminthes
17. Anticancer agents

Books Recommended
1. K.K. Maheshwari. Drugs Pharmacology, 1st edition, Vallabh Publication, New
Delhi. India.
2. Goodman and Gillman’s. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 10 th edition,
Pergamon press, New York, U.S.A., 2001
3. Dipiro, J.T., Pharmacotherapy: A Pathologic Approach, Appleton Lange, U.S.A.,
1997.

7
 4. Munson, P.L., Principles of pharmacology, Chapman and Hall, ITP an
international publishing company, New York.

PAPER 7: PRACTICAL OF PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS

External Marks: 70 6 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100
Practicals based on theory

PAPER 8: EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG EVALUATION

External Marks: 70 4 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100

1. Principles of experimental pharmacology-

1.1 Outline of experimental pharmacology.
1.2 Principles of experimental pharmacology.
1.3 Euthanasia of experimental animals
1.4 Common laboratory animals in pharmacological research.
1.5 Anaesthetics used in laboratory animals.
1.6 Standard techniques used in laboratory animals.
1.7 Limitation of animal tests.
1.8 Statistical design and analysis.
1.9 Regulations for care and use of laboratory animals.
2. Drug discovery-
Bio-assays.
Preclinical (biological and safety evaluation).
Clinical evaluation (clinical trials) of new drugs.
Transgenic animal in the development of new drugs.
3. Receptor-ligand binding assays
1. General principle and techniques
2. Specific assay design for adrenoceptors, dopamine receptors, histamine receptors,
GABA and benzodiazepine receptors.
4. Basics of biotechnology, and biotechnological tools in drug development
5. Basics of nanotechnology, and nano-techniques in drug development.
6. Pharmacological techniques to evaluate the following class of drugs
1. Analgesics
2. Anthelmintics
3. Antianginals
4. Anti-anxiety or anxiolytics
5. Antiarrhythmics
6. Anti-cancers

8
 7. Antidepressants
8. Anti-epileptics
9. Anti-fertility
10. Anti-hypertensives
11. Anti-parkinsonian agents
12. Anti-thrombotics
13. Anti-psychotics
14. Anti-ulcer agents
15. Antiviral
16. Atherosclerosis and Hyperlepidimics
17. Anti-diabetics
18. Diuretics
19. Hypno-sedatives
20. Anti-pyretics
21. Anti-inflammatory agents
22. Local anaesthetics
23. Neuromuscular blockers
24. Nootopic and cerebroactive agents
25. Skeletal muscle relaxants

Books Recommended
1. K.K. Maheshwari. Drug Screening Techniques, 1st edition, Vallabh Publication,
New Delhi. India.
2. Drug Discovery and Evaluation by Vogel HG. Springer, N Y
3. Practical Pharmacology by Burn, J.H. Blackwell Scientific Co. Oxford
4. Screening Methods in pharmacology. Vols I and II by A. Turner, Academic Press.
5. Evaluation of Drug Activities: Pharmacometrics by Lawrence and Bacharach,
Academic Press.
6. Drug Bioscreening by Thompson, E.B. VCH, New York
7. Various regulatory guideliens like ICH, GCP, Helsinki, USFDA etc.
8. Pharmacopoeia: IP, BP, USP etc.
9. Transgenic Animal Technology, Second Edition: A Laboratory Handbook by Carl
A. Pinkert, Academic press
10. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology by Hofmann, F.B., Springer
11. Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology by Gohsh, M.N., Scientific Book
Agency, Calcutta.

PAPER 9: PRACTICAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG

EVALUATION
External Marks: 70 6 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100
Practicals based on theory

9
 PAPER 10: RECENT ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY
External Marks: 70 4 hours/week
Internal Marks: 30
Total Marks: 100

1. Molecular Pharmacology
1.1 Receptor occupancy and cellular signaling systems: G-proteins, cyclic nucleotides,
calcium and calcium binding proteins, protein kinases, phosphatidylinositol,
phospholipases.
2. Pharmacology of Receptors-
Classification, cellular signaling systems, pharmacology of agonists and antagonists of
the following receptors types-
Angiotensin receptors
Excitatory amino acid receptors
Purinorecetors
Serotonin receptors
Dopamine receptors
Adrenoceptors
GABA and Benzodiazepine receptors
Canabinoid receptors
Neurosteroid receptors
Erb B-receptors
3. Ionic channels and their modulators-
Classification and biology of ionic channels. Pharmacology of substances which
modulate the following channels
Calcium channels
Potassium channels
Sodium channels
Chloride channels
4. Neuropeptides-
Neuropeptide-Y, Calcitonin gene related peptide, Cholecystokinin, endogenous opioids,
substance-P, ATP binding cassette proteins family.
5. Biology of vascular endothelium-
EDRF, EDCF, EDHF. Pharmacology of endothelins and nitric oxide. Clinical
implications of endothelial dysfunctions.
6. Cytokinins and chemokinines-
Pharmacological, pathological and clinical implications of various cytokinins and
chemokines.
7. Cell adhesion molecules and matrix proteins-
Biological role of cell adhesion molecules and matrix proteins in various diseases.
Potential target sites to develop new drugs for various disorders. GP IIb/IIIa receptors
antagonists. Anti-integrin therapy.
8. Growth factors-

10
 Biology of various growth factors and their therapeutic potentials. Pharmacology of
cardiac and vascular remodeling.

Books Recommended
1. Goodman and Gillman’s. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 10 th edition,
Pergamon press, New York, U.S.A., 2001
2. Dipiro, J.T., Pharmacotherapy: A Pathologic Approach, Appleton Lange, U.S.A.,
1997.
3. Munson, P.L., Principles of pharmacology, Chapman and Hall, ITP an international
publishing company, New York.
4. Latest Reviews of pharmacology, medicine, toxicology, physiology etc.

SEMESTER-III
(PHARMACOLOGY)
Paper 11: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
External Marks: 30 4 hours/week
Internal Marks: 20
Total Marks: 50

1. Research: meaning, purpose, types, objectives of research.

2. Literature survey: use of library, books, journal, medlines, internet
3. Selecting a problem and preparing research proposal
4. Documentation: Research paper/thesis writing (different parts, key words, implementation of
statistics discussion, support or non support of hypothesis, practical and theoretical implications.
5. Statistical Analysis of data including standard deviation, standard error, student t-test, chi-square
test, confidence level, null hypothesis, analysis of variance(one and two way), factorial design,
ANOVA(one way and two way), multiple comprasion procedures
6. Application of software for statistical calculatons like SPSS, foxtron

Book Recommended:
1. Bolton, Pharmaceuticals Statistics- Practical & Clinical Applications, Marcel Dekker, New
York.
2. Fisher, R.A., Statistical Methods for Research Works, Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh.
3. Chow, Statistical Design and Analysis of Stability Studies, Marcel Dekker, New York.
4. Buncher, Statistics in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Marcel Dekker, New York.
5. Finney, D.J., Statistical Methods in Biological Assays, Hafner, New York.
6. Montgomery, D.C., Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, Willy.
7. Khan, Irfan A., Biostatistics for Pharmacy.
8. Khan, Irfan, A., Fundamentals of Biostatistics.
9. Gauthaman, Biostatistics for Pharmacy students.
10. Lipschutz, Introduction to Probability and Statistics.
11. Liwan Po, Statistics for Pharmacist.
12. William E. Fassett, Computer Application in Pharmacy.
13. Ekins, S., Computer Application in Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Wiley.
14. Nageswara Rao and Tiwari, Biostatistics and Computer Applications.

11
Paper 12: WORKSHOP ON RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
External Marks: 30
Internal Marks: 20
Total Marks: 50
Workshop on research methodology

Paper 13: SYNOPSIS PRESENTATION & VIVA-VOCE

External Marks: 100
Total Marks: 100

SEMESTER-IV
(PHARMACOLOGY)
Paper 14: DISSERTATION+PRESENTATION+VIVA-VOCE
External Marks: 300
Total Marks: 300

12