Electrical Machines EME4363 – Tutorial 2
2-1. A 480V , 60Hz generator is connected to a transmission line with an impedance of
0.2 + j 0.35Ω. There is a load of 4 + 𝑗5Ω at the end of the transmission line. Calculate the
voltage at the load and the transmission losses.
2-2. Suppose a 1:10 step-up transformer is placed at the generator end of the transmission line in
Question 2-1 and a 10:1 step-down transformer is placed at the load end of the line. Calculate
the voltage at the load and the transmission losses.
2-3. A 240V generator is connected to an ideal 1:10 step-up transformer, a transmission line with
an impedance of 20 + j40Ω, an ideal 20:1 step-down transformer and a load of 10∠30°Ω.
Calculate the voltage at the load and the transmission losses.
2-4. The equivalent circuit impedances of a 20-kVA, 8000/400V, 60-Hz transformer are to be
determined. The open-circuit test was performed on the secondary side of the transformer
and the short-circuit test were performed on the primary side of the transformer. The
following data were taken:
Open-circuit Test Short-circuit Test
Voltage 240 V 480 V
Current 8A 3A
Power 450 W 250 W
Determine the impedances of the approximate equivalent circuit referred to the primary
side and sketch the circuit.
2-5. A 15-kVA, 2300/230V transformer is to be tested to determine its equivalent circuit
impedances. The following data have been taken from the transformer through open-circuit
and short-circuit tests:
Open-circuit Test Short-circuit Test
Voltage 230 V 47 V
Current 2.1 A 6A
Power 50 W 160 W
a. Determine the equivalent circuit of this transformer referred to the high-voltage side.
b. Determine the equivalent circuit of this transformer referred to the low-voltage side.
c. Assume copper losses and core losses of the transformer are 189 W and 52.5 W,
determine the efficiency of the transformer at full load with a power factor of 0.8 lagging.
2-6. A 240V generator is connected to an ideal 1:10 step-up transformer, a transmission line with
an impedance of 20 + j40Ω, an ideal 20:1 step-down transformer and a load of 10∠30°Ω.
The base values for this system are chosen to be 240V and 5k VA at the generator.
a. Determine the base voltage, current, impedance and apparent power at every point in
the power system.
b. Determine the per-unit equivalent circuit of the system.
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