Figure 1: Sampling locations in Sundarban mangroves , India

1
Figure 2 Stability Diagram for Na-System Figure 3 Stability Diagram for K-System

Figure 4 Stability Diagram for Ca-System Figure 5 Stability Diagram for Mg-System

2
 160 160
140 140
120 120
Na+K 100 100
80

SO4 + Cl
80
60 60
40
40
20
20
0
0
0 50 100 150 200
0 50 100 150 200
Tz+ Tz-
Pre-Mon Mon Post-Mon Pre-Mon Mon Post-Mon
Figure 6 : Alkali metals vs total cationic load in Figure 7: SO4+Cl vs. Total anionic load in Sundarban
Sundarban mangrove water (values are expressed in epm) mangrove water (values are expressed in epm)

30
160
25
140
20 120

15 100
Ca +Mg

Na + K
80
10
60
5 40

0 20
- 50 100 150 200 0
Cl + SO 4 0 50 100 150 200
SO 4 + Cl
Pre-Mon Mon Post-Mon
Pre-Mon Mon Post-Mon
Figure 8: Ca+Mg vs SO4+Cl load in Sundarban
Figure 9: Na+ K vs SO4+Cl load in Sundarban
mangrove water(values are expressed in epm)
mangrove water(values are expressed in epm)

3
 0.25

NCBI

0.00

-0.25
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
11
Sampling Locations
Pre-Mon Mon Post-Mon

Figure 10: Normalized charge balance Index (NCBI) of Sundarban Mangrove water

4
Figure 11 Geochemical plot of dissolved ions present (in milliequivalent percentage) in
Sundarban

Figure 12 Gibb’s diagram showing the dominance of salinity in Sundarban

5
 Table 1 Hydrochemical characteristics of Sundarbans mangroves

Pre monsoon Monsoon Post-Monsoon

Range Average Range Average Range Average
Zone I
7.25- 7.68±0. 0.1
pH 8.00 33 7.38-7.85 7.65±0.16 7.5 - 7.8 7.61 ± 3
6964
10020- 15497± - 105 31 82 185 127 40
EC 23750 4997 15844 80 ± 62 50 - 00 17 ± 16
8560- 12437± 52 133 852 29 60 172 112 42
TDS 19740 4089 42 - 16 7 ± 02 00 - 50 50 ± 57
13 16
ORP 96-202 141±44 1 - 197 159 ± 26 0 - 192 178 ± 13
Salin11.00- 13.17±3 9.8 15.6 12.6 1.8
ity 18.00 .76 0 - 0 0 ± 9 11 - 20 15 ± 3
1125- 1895±7 75 201 137 48 62 183 137 44
Na 3020 92 9 - 8 7 ± 1 3 - 8 8 ± 6
K 36-195 126±53 38 - 176 135 ± 51 24 - 140 102 ± 43
Ca 90-179 136±37 84 - 181 133 ± 33 47 - 147 115 ± 37
Mg 32-145 99±47 57 - 182 128 ± 54 52 - 126 99 ± 28
4.22- 7.63±3. 4.9 29.6 11.2 9.4
NH4 12.54 54 6 - 7 5 ± 3 4.0 - 23.4 9.6 ± 7.2
22.75- 64.88±2
Fe 90.75 5.56 21 - 100 68 ± 29 15 - 88 53 ± 26
0.03- 0.21±0. 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2
Mn 0.57 21 3 - 0.68 0.25 ± 5 3 - 0.57 0.21 ± 1
617- 906±21 66 125 22 61 102 19
SO4 1189 2 9 - 2 881 ± 1 2 - 7 828 ± 0
0.61- 3.61±2. 0.5 2.8 2.1
PO4 6.66 46 7 - 7.28 4.25 ± 7 0.3 - 5.08 3.19 ± 6
0.22- 4.71±4. 0.2 11.8 5.0 0.2 11.4 4.8
NO3 9.82 40 5 - 9 5.43 ± 3 2 - 5 4.78 ± 0
1780- 3076±6 14 318 226 65
Cl 3579 71 924-1722 1469±292 36 - 3 1 ± 8
HCO 62.82- 91.06±2
3 118.26 2.95 85-161 122±31 79 - 160 113 ± 32
3.25- 9.14±4. 1.1 13.1
SiO2 16.15 77 2.46-16.39 9.67±5.09 5 - 2 8.12 ± 4.4

6
Table 2: Correlation Matrix for different physiochemical parameters in Sundarban mangrove
waters (n=24, p <0.05)

7
 Table 3 Principle Component analysis of Sundarban Mangroves

Component
1 2 3 4
pH 0.78
EC 0.86
TDS 0.90
ORP 0.83
Salinity 0.89
Na 0.70
K 0.62
Ca 0.64
Mg 0.75 Component
NH4 -0.69 1 2 3 4
SO4 0.79 pH 0.89
EC 0.92
PO4 -0.63
TDS 0.84
NO3 0.85 ORP 0.70
Cl 0.78 Salinity 0.89
HCO3 0.72 Na 0.82
SiO2 0.79 K 0.73
% of Variance 30.4 16.1 13.5 10.1 Ca 0.82
Total Variance %30.4 46.5 60.0 70.1 Mg 0.76
NH4 -0.82
Principle component Analysis for Pre-monsoon Season
SO4 0.76
PO4 -0.72
Component NO3 0.76
1 2 3 4 CL 0.81
pH 0.68
HCO3 0.58 0.50
EC 0.88
SIO2 0.90
TDS 0.88
ORP -0.52 % of Variance 34.7 18.3 11.2 8.3
Salinity 0.58 Cumulative % 34.7 52.9 64.2 72.4
Na 0.75
Principle component Analysis for Monsoon Season
K 0.70
Ca 0.84
Mg 0.50
NH4 -0.87
SO4 0.86
PO4 0.75
NO3 0.93
CL 0.66
HCO3 0.59
SIO2 0.74 0.01
% of Variance 37.2 18.0 9.4 8.1
Cumulative % 37.2 55.2 64.6 72.8
Principle component Analysis for Post-monsoon Season

(n=24, Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization)