PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER

MODULE 1
Embedded Systems – Definition, Comparison with general purpose computers – Classify embedded
systems with different criteria, Applications and Purpose. Building blocks of an Embedded Systems –
Core of Embedded System, Classification of Memory, Memory selection for embedded systems, Role
of Sensors, actuators, I/O subsystem, communication interface, Embedded Firmware and other
components. Characteristics and Qualities of Embedded System – Characteristics, Quality Attributes,
AVR Microcontroller Architecture - Factors to be considered in selection – Simplified view of AVR
microcontroller, ATMega32 - Registers, Data Memory, AVR Status register, Program Counter and
Program ROM space, I/O ports, Registers associated with I/O ports.
QUESTION PAPER APRIL – 2023
1. ………..acts as an output device in embedded system applications. (1 mark)
2. Program ROM size of ATMega32 microcontroller is…………. (1 mark)
3. Explain about real time embedded systems. Also give its classification. (3 mark)
4. Write a short note on GPRs in ATMega32 microcontroller. (3 mark)
5. Explain the structure of program ROM memory of ATMega32. (3 mark)
6. Compare embedded systems with general purpose computer. (7 mark)
7. Describe the basic block diagram of AVR microcontroller. (7 mark)
TOTAL MARK:18/25
QUESTION PAPER APRIL - 2024
1. Write the role of sensors. (1 MARK)
2. List the I/O ports in ATmega 32 microcontroller. (1 MARK)
3. Compare microprocessor and microcontroller. (3 MARK)
4. Explain the AVR status register. (3 MARK)
5. Explain the architecture of embedded system. (7 MARK)
6. Explain the following in ATMega32
(a) General Purpose Registers
(b) Program counter
(c) Data memory (7 MARK)

TOTAL MARK:15/22
MODEL PAPER APRIL - 2024
1. The data type in AVR C that takes a value in the range 0 to 255 is ----- (1 MARK)
2. ------------ is used by the CPU to point to the address of the next instruction to be executed.(1
MARK)
3. Differentiate microprocessor and microcontroller (3 MARK)
4. Write about AVR Status Register and specify the function of each bit in the status register.. (3
MARK)
5. Write the different criteria for choosing a microcontroller. (7 MARK)
6. Describe the basic block diagram of AVR microcontroller. (7 MARK)
TOTAL MARK:15/22

MODULE 2
AVR Programming in C – data types, C programs to generate time delay, I/O Programming, logic and
arithmetic operations, Data Conversion, Data Serialisation, Memory Allocation. Timer and Counter:
Timers and their associated registers, Normal and CTC mode, Programming Timers in C, Counter
Programming in C. Interrupts : AVR Interrupts, ISR, Steps executing an Interrupt, Sources of
interrupts, Enabling and disabling Interrupts, Interrupt priority, Interrupt Programming in C.
QUESTION PAPER APRIL – 2023
1.List any two data types available in A VR C. (1 MARK)
2.Write the A VR C statement to set port B to function as output. (1 MARK)
3. List any one operational mode of A VR timer. (1 MARK)
4. Explain the functionalities of DDRx register in A VR. (3 MARK)
5. Write an AVR C program to toggle port A with EX-OR operator. (3 MARK)
6. Describe the normal mode operation of A VR Timerl. (3 MARK)
7. Write an AVR program to read data from PORT B, if it is less than 100 send it to PORT C;
otherwise to PORT D. (7 MARK)
8. Write an AVR C program to convert packed BCD number 0x29 to ASCII and display the bytes on
PORT B and PORT C. (7 MARK)
9. Explain the steps for executing an Interrupt in AVR. (7 MARK)
10. Describe about the registers associated with AVR timer. (7 MARK)
TOTAL MARK:26/40
QUESTION PAPER APRIL - 2024
1 Write the AVR C statement to set port C as input port. (1 MARK)
2.List the basic registers of AVR Timers. (1 MARK)
3. Define Interrupt Service Routine (1 mark)
4. Explain the registers associated with I/O operation in AVR. (3 MARK)
5. Write an AVR C program to display 0x00 to 0xFF through PORTB. (3 MARK)
6. Explain the source of interrupts. (3 MARK)
7.Write the steps in executing an interrupt. (3 MARK)
8. Explain the different logic and bitwise operators in AVR C with example. (7 MARK)
9.Write an AVR C program to convert packed BCD number 0x47 to ASCII and display the bytes on
PORT B and PORT C. (7 MARK)
10.Explain different mode of operation in Timer programming. (7 MARK)
11. Explain the following
(a) How to enable and disable interrupts in AVR?
(b) Interrupt priority. (7 MARK)
TOTAL MARK:29/43
MODEL PAPER
1. Write the AVR C statement to set port B to function as output. (1 MARK)
2. ------------ register is used for setting the modes of operation of a timer. (1 MARK)
3. Give the instruction used to enable and clear interrupts globally. (1 MARK)
4. Write an AVR C program to toggle only PORTB.4 bit continuously with a delay. (3 MARK)
5. Draw TIFR register and mention the function of each bit. (3 MARK)
6. Compare and Contrast interrupt and polling. (3 MARK)
7. Toggle all the bits of Port B 200 times using delay function (_dealy_ms). (7 MARK)
8. Write an AVR C program to send out the value 44H serially one bit at a time via port C, pin 3. The
MSB should go out first. (7 MARK)
9.Describe the purpose of ISR and explain the steps in executing an Interrupt. (7 MARK)
10/ Describe about the registers associated with AVR timer. (7 MARK)
TOTAL MARK:26/40
MODULE 3
Interfacing: ATMega32 Connection to RS232, Serial Port Programming in C, LCD Interfacing,
Keyboard Interfacing, ADC, DAC and Sensor interfacing and Programming in C.
QUESTION PAPER APRIL – 2023
1. In reading the columns of a keyboard matrix, if no key is pressed we should get all values
as…………… (1 MARK)
2. Number of single ended inputs available in the ATMega32 ADC is ………….. (1 MARK)
3. Draw the block diagram of interfacing LM34 temperature sensor with ATMega32. (3 MARK)
4.List any four features of ATMega32 ADC (3 MARK)
5. Illustrate the interfacing of RS232 with ATMega32 with the help of a block diagram. (7 MARK)
6.Explain the steps to send data and commands from ATMega32 to LCD with the help of a block
diagram. (7 MARK)
TOTAL MARK:15/22
 QUESTION PAPER APRIL – 2024
1. Name the serial interface standard used in serial communication. (1 MARK)
2. Write the role of RS pin of LCD. (1 MARK)
3. Draw the neat diagram for the interfacing of LCD. (3 MARK)
4. Write short note on DAC. (3 MARK)
5. Explain the Interfacing of keyboard to AVR microcontroller. (7 mark)
6. Illustrate the interfacing of RS232 with ATMega32 with the help of a block diagram.(7 MARK)

TOTAL MARK:15/22
MODEL PAPER
1.Draw the block diagram of interfacing LM34 temperature sensor with ATMega32. (1 MARK)
2. Explain ADC and its major characteristics. (1 MARK)
3. Explain the interfacing keyboard with AVR with the help of diagram. (3 MARK)
4.Describe the interfacing of temperature sensor LM34 to AVR. (3 MARK)
5. Explain the interfacing keyboard with AVR with the help of diagram. (7 MARK)
6.Describe the interfacing of temperature sensor LM34 to AVR (7 MARK)
TOTAL MARK:15/22

MODULE 4
Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS) – OS Basics, Types of OS, Process, Task and Threads,
Multiprocessing and Multitasking, Task Scheduling, Task Communication, Task Synchronization,
Device Drivers, How to choose RTOS.
QUESTION PAPER APRIL – 2023
1. …………is the core of an operating system. (1 MARK)
2. Define thread. (1 MARK)
3. Explain the structure of a process in operating system. (3 MARK)
4. Explain the role of device drivers in embedded operating systems. (3 MARK)
5. Explain the features of FCFS and SJF process scheduling algorithms. (7 MARK)
6. Explain any four functionalities of real time operating system. (7 MARK)
7. Define IPC. Explain shared memory mechanism for IPC. (7 MARK)
8. Explain the functional requirements for choosing RTOS. (7 MARK)
TOTAL MARK:22/36
QUESTION PAPER APRIL – 2024
1. Write the function of Task Control Block. (1 MARK)
2. Define Thread. (1 MARK)
3.Explain the structure of a process in operating system. (3 MARK)
4.Compare multiprocessing and multitasking. (3 MARK)
5. Explain the functionalities of real-time operating system. (7 MARK)
 6. Describe the factors that affect the selection of a scheduling algorithm. (7 MARK)
7.Explain the following (a) Device Drivers (b) Task Communication (c) Task Synchronization (7
MARK)
8. Explain the requirements to choose an RTOS. (7 MARK)
TOTAL MARK:22/36
MODEL PAPER
1. Name different types real time Operating System (1 MARK)
2. Define Process. (1 MARK)
3. Explain the structure of a process in operating system
4. Explain the role of device drivers in embedded operating systems. (3 marks)
5. Explain the features of General Purpose Operating System (GPOS) and Real Time Operating
System (RTOS) (7)
6. Explain any four functionalities of real time operating system. (7)
7. Outline the key concepts of Task, Process and threads (7)
8. Explain the functional requirements for choosing RTOS. (7)