Artificial Intelligence
PART -1, UNIT-1
SESSION 1 : Methods of Communication Skills
Introduction
Communication allows us to express our needs, wants and others
things to humans or animals.
The term Communication process refers to the exchange of
information between two or more people.
Communication has three importance parts:
1. Sender/Transmitter
2. Receiver /Listening
3. Feedback
Various elements of Communication cycle are:
1.Sender: The person who sends the Communication message.
2.Message: The information that the sender sends to the receiver.
3.Channel: The methods or means of Communication the message.
4.Receiver: The person who receives the message.
5.Feedback: The receivers acknowledgement of the message by
sending feedback to the sender.
Methods of Communication:
Communication What each type of Advantages and
methods Communication was used for disadvantages of using
the methods
Emails Used to send work to teacher and to Advantages : Easy & quick to use.
get help. Disadvantages: Not an instant
response
Social networking sites Used to share work to peers to view & Advantages :Receive feedback
receive information. & can improve.
Disadvantages: Work can be
copied by someone else.
Video Used this to do a face-to-face Advantages : Easy for people to
discussion which got uploaded on view the video as it doesn’t
YouTube. require downloading .
Disadvantages: If the video has
high pixels, it slow down internet
connections which wouldn’t be
able to cope with.
Letter Used to send letters to customers to Advantages : Allows people to
keep in touch. send vouchers & coupons..
Disadvantages: Customers don’t
reply or respond.
Mobile phone Used to communicate with friends by Advantages : Instant reply &
text quickly sent . Also, no internet
Types of Communication:
1.Verbal Communication: When a person expresses ideas , views thoughts by speaking orally, it is known as
verbal communication.
2.Non-verbal Communication: When a person expresses ideas , views thoughts by using body language
,gestures or facial expression , it is known as non-verbal communication.
3.Visual Communication: When a person expresses ideas , views thoughts through pictures, posters , charts,
animations etc. it is known as visual communication.
2.WrittenCommunication: When a person expresses ideas , views thoughts by handwritten or printed
information, it is known as written communication.
SESSION 2 : Verbal Communication
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Advantages:
1.It saves time in communication.
2. Quick feedback can be taken.
3. It provides clarity in communication.
4.It is flexible and effective.
5.Better impact on receiver.
Disadvantages:
1.Harsh words used by speaker
2.Emotional problem
3..lacks of permanent storage of records
4.It is not suitable for lengthy message.
5.Language barriers.
Types of Verbal Communication:
1. Intrapersonal communication
2. Interpersonal communication
3. Small group communication
4.Public communication
Mastering verbal communication
Impact of body language:
Do’s of Body Language
-Sit Straight & make eye contact.
-Always keep a smile on your face.
-Offer a gentle handshake showing confidence.
-keeps your arms by your side.
-Keep your head up.
-keep your shoulders relaxed down.
-Listen to the speaker attentively.
-Nod while listening to the speaker.
Don’ts of Body Language
-Don’t be overconfident.
-Don’t look away while conversing.
-do not drop your shoulders.
-Don’t lean forward or backward while sitting.
-Do not touch your face often.
-Do not get close to your listener
-Do not lean on wall or other object.
SESSION 3 : Non-verbal Communication
Advantages
1.It convey the meaning very fast.
2.It acts as complementary to verbal communication.
3. It has easy presentation.
4. It is substitute for verbal message.
Disadvantages
1.There are chance of misinterpretation of gestures.
2.It is a continuous type of communication.
3.Non-verbal communication not be appropriate when there are regional and culture differences.
4.Non-verbal communication is not suitable for lengthy message .
Visual communication
Advantages
1.It is effective for illiterate receiver.
2.It helps in oral communication.
3. It gives easy explanation.
4. It provides simple presentation.
5.Visual techniques help to prevent the wastage of time.
5. It helps in quick decision making.
6. It is very popular because people do not like much speech.
Disadvantages
1. It is very costly.
2.It might be complex presentation.
3.This communication is considered as an incomplete method.
4. It takes more time to communicate than oral communication.
5. It may be difficult to understand
SESSION 4: Communication Cycle and Importance of feedback
Importance of feedback
1. Feedback helps to achieve goals of the communication.
2. Feedback acts as a basic of problem –solving and decision making in an
organization.
3.Feedback is good basis of collecting information for planning on what next
to be done especially statistical report.
4. The employees have to coordinate, contact and send back response as
feedback to each others.
5.Feedback is the basis for measuring the effectiveness of communication.
6.Feedback ensures better understanding between the sender and receiver.
Forms of feedback
1. A smile or a nod is way of showing in an interactive communication.
2. A questions or a clarification is a way of showing feedback in a personal
interactive communication.
3. A thank you note or a written acknowledgement is way of showing feedback in a
written communication.
4. Clapping or hooting by audience is a way of showing feedback in a public
speech.
Characteristics of feedback
Specific: Feedback should have a clear focus on the main message and it should not
be vague in meaning.
Timely: Any delay in feedback makes the feedback useless.
Meaningful: Positive feedback helps in giving meaningful suggestions and later on
positive decisions can be taken based on the suggestions.
Clear and truthful: Feedback should be true and clear.
Types of feedback
1.Formal and informal
Formal : formal feedback has predefined points and format. It is usually
associated with assessment tasks.
Examples: “Sorry It was your mistake.”, “Congratulations! Keep it up.”
Informal : Informal feedback can occur at any time. This might occur in the
classroom.
Examples: ” I need to know whose fault is it.”
2.Descriptive and Non-descriptive Feedback
Descriptive feedback: is given with meaningful information in a detailed manner.
Non-descriptive feedback : gives meaningful information but is not given in a detailed
manner.
3.Specific and Non-specific Feedback:
Specific feedback : usually gives the main points of the feedback instead of giving a
general review.
Non-specific feedback: gives a general overview instead of talking about the main
points or specific points.
SESSION 5: BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVR COMMUNICATION
Principals of effective communication:
1.Clarity:
2.Objective:
3. Understanding the receiver:
4. Consistency:
5.Completeness:
6.Feedback:
7.Time
7’c of effective Communication
1.Clear
2.Concise
3.Concrete
4.Considerate
5.Complete
6.Courteous
7.Correct
Barriers in Communication:
1.Linguistic Barriers
2.Psycho;ogical Barriers
3.Emotional Barriers
4.Physical Barriers
5.Cultural Barriers
6.Organizational Barriers
7.Attitude Barriers
8.Perception Barriers
9.Technoligical Barriers
How to Overcome Barriers in Communication
1.Clarify the Ideas before Communication
2.Communication According to the Need of the Receiver
3.Language, Tone and content of Message should be carefully chosen
4.Convey Things of Help and Value to Listeners
5.Ensure Proper Feedback
6.Overcoming barriers related to culture and language
Needs of Effective Communication
SESSION 6 : WRITING SKILLS-PARTS OF SPEECH
Capitalization:
Punctuation:
Punctuation Marks(examples)
Comma , She is a clever , healthy women
Colon : Samuel plays three sport : volleyball
Semi colon ; Michael has a big house ;Alex has small
Full stop . I’m waiting for you.
Question mark ? How much paper ill they need?
Slash / Free ticket will be given to children/women only.
At Sign @
[email protected]Hyphen - Pick-me-up
Exclamation mark ! Yes, You will come with me!
Ellipsis mark … Today … we started new work
Square brackets [] It [apple] is relay a useful fruits.
Apostrophe ‘ There are two 8’s in 808.
Underline _ The meeting will start at 8.00 pm.
Quotation mark “ “I’m very tried” she said.
Asterisk * *Applicable to big houses only.
SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION:
1.Articles: An article is a word that is used to introduce a noun in a sentence. Some of articles
are: a, an , the.
2.Conjunctions: Conjunctions are words that link other words to form complex sentences. Some
common examples of conjunctions are : and, because, but, yet.
3.Prepositions: Prepositions too are connecting words but they connect a noun or a pronoun
with the rest of the sentence. Example of propositions are: to , with , of, between, on, until , behind.
4.Interjections:An interjections is a word that is used to convey emotion. Interjections are
usually one or two-word phrases. Examples are ouch!, Oh!, hello!, Wow!, and Help!.
PHRASES:
An phrases is a group (or pairing) of words in English.
4 TYPES OF SENTENCES:
SESSION 7: WRITING SKILLS-SENTENCES
PARTS OF SPEECH:
1.Noun: Nouns are a person, place , or thing. They are normally capitalized in writing.
2.Pronoun:Pronouns stand for nouns in a sentence, i.e., the words used at the place of noun.
3.Verb: Verbs are what happens in a sentence.
4.Adjective:Adjective describe nouns or pronouns. They specify which one, how much ,or what
kind.
5.Adverb:Adverbs describe verbs , adjectives , or even other adverbs.
6.Preposition: Prepositions show a relationship between a noun(or pronoun)and the other words in
a sentence.
7.Conjection: Conjunctions join words, phrase, and clauses in a sentences.
8.Aritcles and Determiners: Articles and determiners functions like adjectives by modifying nouns.
9.Interjections:Interjections are expressions that can stand on their own as complete sentences.
WRITING GOOD PARAGRAPHS
Steps for writing a paragraph
1.The first step is the introduction.
2.The second steps is the body of the paragraph.
3.The third and last step is to use your concluding sentences or series of
sentences to finsh off this particular fragment of subject matter
