1010100

10001111100
1011100101011100
101100011101001
1011110100011010
00001010010110010
1001010101100111
1111010101000101
1101001101010011
001010010101010
1010101000110010
010101001011000
110101100011010
11010100001011
001010100110
1001010010

IP Addressing
and
Subnetting
Workbook
Version 2.0

11111110
10010101
00011011 10000110

11010011
 IP Address Classes
Class A 1 – 127 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing)
 Leading bit pattern 0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Network . Host . Host . Host

128 – 191 Leading bit pattern 10 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Network . Network . Host . Host
Class B
192 – 223 Leading bit pattern 110 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Class C Network . Network . Network . Host

Class D 224 – 239 (Reserved for multicast)

Class E 240 – 255 (Reserved for experimental, used for research)

Private Address Space

Class A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Default Subnet Masks

Class A 255.0.0.0

Class B 255.255.0.0

Class C 255.255.255.0
Produced by: Robb Jones
[email protected]
Frederick County Career & Technology Center
Cisco Networking Academy
Frederick County Public Schools
Frederick, Maryland, USA

Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim Dorsch for taking the
time to check this workbook for errors, and to everyone who has
sent in suggestions to improve the series.

Workbooks included in the series:

IP Addressing and Subnetting Workbooks

ACLs - Access Lists Workbooks
VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask IWorkbooks

Instructors (and anyone else for that matter) please do not post the Instructors version on public websites.
When you do this you are giving everyone else worldwide the answers. Yes, students look for answers this
way. It also discourages others; myself included, from posting high quality materials.

Inside Cover
 Binary To Decimal Conversion
128 64 32 16 Answers Scratch Area
146

119

11
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 197 119 1
1
1
1 0 246 1
1 1 1 1 0 1
1
0 0 0 1 0 1 1 19 1
0
1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 129 1
8 4 2 1
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0

0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1

255

0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 49

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 120

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 240

0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 7

1
 0 0 1
00011011 1 1 0
1 1 59
10101010 27
Decimal To
01101111 170 Binary
11111000 111 Conversion
Use all 8 bits for each
00100000 248 problem

01010101 32 85
128 6432 16 8
4 2 1
00111110 62 = 255Scratch

00000011 3

11101101 237

11000000 192
Area
1_________________________________________1 1 0 1 1 1 0 238

0_________________________________________0 1 0 0 0 1 0 34

0_________________________________________1 1 1 1 0 1 1
123

0 0 1 1 0 0 1
0_________________________________________ 50

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1_________________________________________ 255

1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0_________________________________________ 200

0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0_________________________________________
10
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0_________________________________________
138
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1_________________________________________ 1

2
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1_________________________________________ 13
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0_________________________________________ 250
0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1_________________________________________ 107
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0_________________________________________ 224
0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0_________________________________________ 114
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0_________________________________________ 192
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0_________________________________________ 172
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0_________________________________________ 100
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1_________________________________________ 119
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1_________________________________________ 57
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0_________________________________________ 98
1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1_________________________________________ 179
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0_________________________________________ 2

Address Class
Identification _____________________ 3
10.250.1.1 _________________________________________________ 5

150.10.15.0 ________________________________________________ 5

148.17.9.1 _________________________________________________ 5

Address Class

192.14.2.0 _____C

193.42.1.1 _____C

126.8.156.0 _____A

3
 220.200.23.1 _____C

230.230.45.58 _____D

177.100.18.4 _____B

119.18.45.0 _____A

249.240.80.78 _____E

199.155.77.56 _____C

117.89.56.45 _____A

215.45.45.0 _____C 199.200.15.0 _____C

95.0.21.90 _____A

33.0.0.0 _____A

158.98.80.0 _____B

219.21.56.0 _____C
Network & Host Identification
Circle the network portion of 117.89.56.45
these addresses:
215.45.45.0
177.100.18.4
192.200.15.0
119.18.45.0
95.0.21.90
209.240.80.78
33.0.0.0
199.155.77.56
4
158.98.80.0 17.45.222.45

217.21.56.0 126.201.54.231

10.250.1.1 191.41.35.112

150.10.15.0 155.25.169.227

192.14.2.0 192.15.155.2

148.17.9.1 123.102.45.254

193.42.1.1 148.17.9.155

126.8.156.0 100.25.1.1

220.200.23.1 195.0.21.98
Circle the host
portion of these 25.250.135.46
addresses:
171.102.77.77
10.15.123.50
55.250.5.5
171.2.199.31
218.155.230.14
198.125.87.177
10.250.1.1
223.250.200.222

Network Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the network address:
188.10.18.2 _____________________________188 . 10 . 0 . 0
255.255.0.0
10.10.48.80 _____________________________10 . 10 . 48 . 0
255.255.255.0

5
192.149.24.191 _____________________________192 . 149 . 24 . 0
255.255.255.0
150.203.23.19 _____________________________150 . 203 . 0 . 0
255.255.0.0
10.10.10.10 _____________________________10 . 0 . 0 . 0
255.0.0.0
186.13.23.110 _____________________________186 . 13 . 23 . 0
255.255.255.0
223.69.230.250 _____________________________223 . 69 . 0 . 0
255.255.0.0
200.120.135.15 _____________________________200 . 120 . 135 . 0
255.255.255.0
27.125.200.151 _____________________________27 . 0 . 0 . 0
255.0.0.0
199.20.150.35 _____________________________199 . 20 . 150 . 0
255.255.255.0
191.55.165.135 _____________________________191 . 55 . 165 . 0
255.255.255.0
28.212.250.254 _____________________________28 . 212 . 0 . 0
255.255.0.0

Host Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the host address:
188.10.18.2 _____________________________0 . 0 . 18 . 2
255.255.0.0
10.10.48.80 _____________________________0 . 0 . 0 . 80
255.255.255.0

6
222.49.49.11 _____________________________0 . 0 . 0 . 11
255.255.255.0
128.23.230.19 _____________________________0 . 0 . 230 . 19
255.255.0.0
10.10.10.10 _____________________________0 . 10 . 10 . 10
255.0.0.0
200.113.123.11 _____________________________0 . 0 . 0 . 11
255.255.255.0
223.169.23.20 _____________________________0 . 0 . 23 . 20
255.255.0.0
203.20.35.215 _____________________________0 . 0 . 0 . 215
255.255.255.0
117.15.2.51 _____________________________0 . 15 . 2 . 51
255.0.0.0
199.120.15.135 _____________________________0 . 0 . 0 . 135
255.255.255.0
191.55.165.135 _____________________________0 . 0 . 0 . 135
255.255.255.0
48.21.25.54 _____________________________0 . 0 . 25 . 54
255.255.0.0

Default Subnet Masks

Write the correct default subnet mask for each of the following addresses:

7
 _____________________________255

177.100.18.4 . 255 . 0 . 0

119.18.45.0 _____________________________255

191.249.234.191
.0.0.0
223.23.223.109
_____________________________255
10.10.250.1

126.123.23.1 . 255 . 0 . 0

223.69.230.250 _____________________________255

192.12.35.105
. 255 . 255 . 0
77.251.200.51
_____________________________255
189.210.50.1
.0.0.0
88.45.65.35

128.212.250.254 _____________________________255

193.100.77.83 .0.0.0

125.125.250.1
_____________________________255
1.1.10.50
. 255 . 255 . 0
220.90.130.45
_____________________________255
134.125.34.9
. 255 . 255 . 0
95.250.91.99

8
_____________________________255

.0.0.0

_____________________________255

. 255 . 0 . 0

_____________________________255

.0.0.0

_____________________________255

. 255 . 0 . 0

_____________________________255

. 255 . 255 . 0

_____________________________255

.0.0.0

_____________________________255

.0.0.0

_____________________________255

. 255 . 255 . 0

9
 _____________________________255

. 255 . 0 . 0

_____________________________255
.0.0.0

ANDING With
Default subnet masks

10
Every IP address must be accompanied by a subnet mask. By now you should be able to
look at an IP address and tell what class it is. Unfortunately your computer doesn’t think that
way. For your computer to determine the network and subnet portion of an IP address it
must “AND” the IP address with the subnet mask.

Default Subnet Masks: Class

A 255.0.0.0
Class B 255.255.0.0
Class C 255.255.255.0

ANDING Equations: 1
AND 1 = 1
1 AND 0 = 0
0 AND 1 = 0
0 AND 0 = 0

Sample:

What you see...

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33

What you can figure out in your head...

Address Class: C
Network Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33
Host Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33
In order for you computer to get the same information it must AND the IP address with
the subnet mask in binary.
Network Host

IP Address: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 (192 . 100 . 10 . 33)

Default Subnet Mask: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (255 . 255 . 255 .

0)

AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (192 . 100 . 10 . 0)

ANDING with the default subnet mask allows your computer to figure out the network
portion of the address.
ANDING With
Custom subnet masks

When you take a single network such as 192.100.10.0 and divide it into five smaller
networks (192.100.10.16, 192.100.10.32, 192.100.10.48, 192.100.10.64, 192.100.10.80)

11
 the outside world still sees the network as 192.100.10.0, but the internal computers and
routers see five smaller subnetworks. Each independent of the other. This can only be
accomplished by using a custom subnet mask. A custom subnet mask borrows bits from
the host portion of the address to create a subnetwork address between the network and
host portions of an IP address. In this example each range has 14 usable addresses in it.
The computer must still AND the IP address against the custom subnet mask to see what
the network portion is and which subnetwork it belongs to.

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 0

Custom Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240

Address Ranges: 192.10.10.0 to 192.100.10.15

192.100.10.16 to 192.100.10.31
192.100.10.32 to 192.100.10.47 (Range in the sample below)
192.100.10.48 to 192.100.10.63
192.100.10.64 to 192.100.10.79
192.100.10.80 to 192.100.10.95
192.100.10.96 to 192.100.10.111
192.100.10.112 to 192.100.10.127
192.100.10.128 to 192.100.10.143
192.100.10.144 to 192.100.10.159
192.100.10.160 to 192.100.10.175
192.100.10.176 to 192.100.10.191
192.100.10.192 to 192.100.10.207
192.100.10.208 to 192.100.10.223
192.100.10.224 to 192.100.10.239
192.100.10.240 to 192.100.10.255

Sub
Network Network Host

IP Address: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 (192 . 100 . 10 . 33)

Custom Subnet Mask: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 (255 . 255 . 255 .

240)

AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0(192 . 100 . 10 . 32)

Four bits borrowed from the

host portion of the address for
the custom subnet mask.
The ANDING process of the four borrowed
bits shows which range of IP addresses this
particular address will fall into.

In the next set of problems you will determine the necessary information to determine the
correct subnet mask for a variety of IP addresses.

12
 How to determine the number of subnets and the
number of hosts per subnet
Two formulas can provide this basic information:

Number of subnets = 2s (Second subnet formula: Number of subnets = 2 - 2s )

Number of hosts per subnet = 2 - 2h

Both formulas calculate the number of hosts or subnets based on the number of binary bits used.
For example if you borrow three bits from the host portion of the address use the number of
subnets formula to determine the total number of subnets gained by borrowing the three bits. This
would be 2 or 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 subnets3

To determine the number of hosts per subnet you would take the number of binary bits used in the
host portion and apply this to the number of hosts per subnet formula If five bits are in the host
portion of the address this would be 2 or 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32 hosts. 5

When dealing with the number of hosts per subnet you have to subtract two addresses from the
range. The first address in every range is the subnet number. The last address in every range is
the broadcast address. These two addresses cannot be assigned to any device in the network
which is why you have to subtract two addresses to find the number of usable addresses in each
range.

For example if two bits are borrowed for the network portion of the address you can easily
determine the number of subnets and hosts per subnets using the two formulas.

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The number of subnets The number of hosts created by created by borrowing
2 leaving 6 bits is 2 - 2 or6
bits is 2 or 2 x 2 = 42 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 64 - 2 = 62 subnets. usable hosts
per subnet.

What about that second subnet formula:

Number of subnets = 2 - 2s

In some instances the first and last subnet range of addresses are reserved. This is similar to the
first and last host addresses in each range of addreses.

The first range of addresses is the zero subnet. The subnet number for the zero subnet is also
the subnet number for the classful subnet address.
13
The last range of addresses is the broadcast subnet. The broadcast address for the last subnet
in the broadcast subnet is the same as the classful broadcast address.
Class C Address unsubnetted:

195. 223 . 50 . 0

195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.255
Notice that the subnet and

Class C Address subnetted (2 bits borrowed): broadcast addresses match.

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(Invalid range) (0) 195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.63

(1) 195.223.50.64 to 195.223.50.127
(2) 195.223.50.128 to 195.223.50.191
(Invalid range) (3) 195.223.50.192 to 195.223.50.255
The primary reason the the zero and broadcast subnets were not used had to do pirmarily with the
broadcast addresses. If you send a broadcast to 195.223.255 are you sending it to all 255
addresses in the classful C address or just the 62 usable addresses in the broadcast range?

The CCNA and CCENT certification exams may have questions which will require you to
determine which formula to use, and whehter or not you can use the first and last subnets. Use
the chart below to help decide.

When to use which formula to determine the number of subnets

Use the 2 - 2s formula and don’t use Use the 2s formula and use the zero and
the zero and broadcast ranges if... broadcast ranges if...

Classful routing is used Classless routing or VLSM is used

RIP version 1 is used RIP version 2, EIGRP, or OSPF is used

The no ip subnet zero command is The ip subnet zero command is

configured on your router configured on your router (default setting)

No other clues are given

Bottom line for the CCNA exams; if a question does not give you any clues as to whether or not to
allow these two subnets, assume you can use them.

14
This workbook has you use the number of subnets = 2 formula. s

15
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 1
Number of needed subnets 14
Number of needed usable hosts 14
Network Address 192.10.10.0

__________
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 240

___________________
Total number of subnets 16

___________________
Total number of host addresses 16

___________________
Number of usable addresses 14

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 4

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

numbers to the left of the line tocreate the custom subnet mask.Add the binary value 1286416-2 Observe the total number ofhosts.Subtract 2 for the
number of

16
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address

14 usable hosts.
Problem 2
1000
60
165.100.0.0

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 192

___________________
Total number of subnets 1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

Number of Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of

17
 Custom Subnet Masks
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128 128

numbers to the left of the line tocreate the custom subnet mask.Add the binary value
32641648 +6419264-262 Observe the total number
ofhosts.Subtract 2 for the number ofusable hosts.

Problem 3 /26bits used for the network and indicates the total number of Network Address

148.75.0.0 /26 subnetwork portion of theaddress. All bits remaining belong

Address class __________B to the host portion of the address.

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 192

Total number of subnets ___________________ 1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

18
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
Number of Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128 128

numbers to the left of the line tocreate the custom subnet mask.Add the binary value
32641648 +64192 64-262 Observe the total
number ofhosts.Subtract 2 for the number ofusable hosts.

1024 Subtract 2 for the total number of

-2 subnets.subnets to get the usable number of
1,022
Problem 4
6
30
210.100.56.0

_______
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 224

19
 Custom Subnet Masks
___________________
Total number of subnets 8

___________________
Total number of host addresses 32

___________________
Number of usable addresses 30

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 3

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128

20
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
Problem 5
6
30
195.85.8.0

_______
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 224

___________________
Total number of subnets 8

___________________
Total number of host addresses 32

___________________
Number of usable addresses 30

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 3

Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

21
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
128
32 8
-2 -2
30 6
Problem 6
126
131,070
118.0.0.0

_______
Address class A

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 0 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 254. 0 . 0

___________________
Total number of subnets 128

___________________
Total number of host addresses 131,072

Number of usable addresses ___________________131,070

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 7

Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

Number of

22
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 . .

Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128
64
32
16

8 128 131,072
4
+2 -2 -2 254 126 131,070
Problem 7
2000
15
178.100.0.0

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 224

___________________
Total number of subnets 2,048

___________________
Total number of host addresses 32

23
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
___________________
Number of usable addresses 30

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 11

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

Number of Hosts
-

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64
32
16
8 2,048 32
4 -2 -2
2,046 30
Problem 8
3
45
200.175.14.0

_______
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

24
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 192

___________________
Total number of subnets 4

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 2

Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

200 . 175 . 14 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128 4 64
+64 -2 -2
240 2 62

Problem 9
60

25
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
1,000
128.77.0.0

_______
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 252 . 0

___________________
Total number of subnets 64

___________________
Total number of host addresses 1,024

___________________
Number of usable addresses 1,022

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 6

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

Number of Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

128 . 77 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128
64

26
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
32
16 64 1,024
8
+4 -2 -2
252 62 1,022

27
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Problem 10
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 198.100.10.0

_______
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 192

___________________
Total number of subnets 4

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 2

Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

198 . 100 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

28
 Custom Subnet Masks
128 64 4 +64 -2 -2 192 62 2
Problem 11
250
Network Address 101.0.0.0

_______
Address class A

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 0 .

0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 .

255 . 0 . 0

___________________
Total number of subnets 256

Total number of host addresses ___________________65,536

Number of usable addresses ___________________65,534

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 8

Show your work for Problem 11 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts -. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 . . Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

101. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
29
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

128
64
32
16
8
4 256 65,536
2
+1 -2 -2
255 254 65,534

Problem 12
Number of needed subnets 5
Network Address 218.35.50.0

_______
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 224

___________________
Total number of subnets 8

___________________
Total number of host addresses 32

___________________
Number of usable addresses 30

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 3
30
 Custom Subnet Masks
Show your work for Problem 12 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64 4
+32 224 64 -2 -2
62 2

31
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 13
Number of needed usable hosts 25
Network Address 218.35.50.0

_______
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 224

___________________
Total number of subnets 8

___________________
Total number of host addresses 32

___________________
Number of usable addresses 30

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 3

Show your work for Problem 13 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

32
 Custom Subnet Masks
128

Problem 14
Number of needed subnets 10
Network Address 172.59.0.0

_______
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 240 . 0

___________________
Total number of subnets 16

___________________
Total number of host addresses 4,096

Number of usable addresses ___________________4,094

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 4

Show your work for Problem 14 in the space below.

Number of Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33
 Custom Subnet Masks

128 64

Problem 15
Number of needed usable hosts 50
Network Address 172.59.0.0

_______
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 .

255 . 255 . 192

Total number of subnets ___________________1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

Show your work for Problem 15 in the space below.

Number of Hosts -. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
34
 Custom Subnet Masks
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64
32
16
8
64 1,024
-2 -2 62 1,022
Problem 16
Number of needed usable hosts 29
Network Address 23.0.0.0

_______
Address class A

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 0 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 224

Total number of subnets ___________________524,288

___________________
Total number of host addresses 32

___________________
Number of usable addresses 30

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 19

Show your work for Problem 16 in the space below.

35
 Custom Subnet Masks
Number of
Hosts -. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 . . Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

23 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64 32 524,288 +32 -2 -2
224 30 524,286

36
 Subnetting

Problem 1
Number of needed subnets 14
Number of needed usable hosts 14
Network Address 192.10.10.0

__________
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 240

___________________
Total number of subnets 16

___________________
Total number of host addresses 16

___________________
Number of usable addresses 14

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 4

What is the 4th

subnet range?
_______________________________________________192.10.10.48 to
192.10.10.63

What is the subnet number for the 8th subnet?

________________________ 192 . 10 . 10 . 112

What is the subnet broadcast

address for
the 13th subnet? ________________________ 192 . 10 . 10 . 207

37
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

What are the assignable addresses for the
9th
subnet?______________________________________192.10.10.129 to
192.10.10.142

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of
16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of 256 128 64 32
32 64 128 256
Subnets - 2 4 8 16
8 4 2 1 - Binary values
128 64 32 16

92. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(0) 0 0 0 0 192.10.10.0 to
(1) 0 0 0 1 192.10.10.16
(2) 0 0 1 0 192.10.10.32 192.10.10.48
(3) 0 0 1 1 192.10.10.64 192.10.10.80
(4) 0 1 0 0 192.10.10.96
(5) 0 1 0 1 192.10.10.112
(6) 0 1 1 0 192.10.10.128
(7) 0 1 1 1 192.10.10.144 192.10.10.160
(8) 1 0 0 0 192.10.10.176
(9) 1 0 0 1 192.10.10.192
(10) 1 0 1 0 192.10.10.208 to 192.10.10.223 192.10.10.224 to
192.10.10.239
(11) 1 0 1 1
192.10.10.240 to 192.10.10.255
(12) 1 1 0 0
(13) 1 1 0 1
(14) 1 1 1 0
(15) 1 1 1 1
192.10.10.15 to 192.10.10.31
to 192.10.10.47 to
192.10.10.63 to 192.10.10.79
to 192.10.10.95 to

38
 192.10.10.111 to
192.10.10.127 to
192.10.10.143 to
192.10.10.159 to
192.10.10.175 to
192.10.10.191 to
192.10.10.207

128 64

Custom subnetUsable subnetsUsable hosts

mask

The binary value of the last bit borrowed is the range. In this problem the
range is 16.

The first address in each subnet range is the subnet number.

The last address in each subnet range is the subnet broadcast address.

Problem 2
1000
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 165.100.0.0

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 192

39
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

___________________
Total number of subnets 1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

What is the 15th

subnet range?
_______________________________________________165.100.3.128 to
165.100.3.191

What is the subnet number for the 6th subnet?

________________________ 165 . 100 . 1 . 64

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 6th subnet?

________________________ 165 . 100 . 1 . 127

What are the assignable addresses for the 9th

subnet?______________________________________165.100.2.1 to
165.100.0.62

40
Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

42
 Show your work for
Problem 3
2
Network Address 195.223.50.0

__________
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 .

192

___________________
Total number of subnets 4

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 2

What is the 3rd

subnet range?
_______________________________________________195.223.50.128 -
195.223.50.191

What is the subnet number for the 2nd subnet?

________________________195.223.50.64

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 1st

subnet? ________________________195.223.50.63

What are the assignable addresses

for the 3rd
43
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

subnet?______________________________________195.223.50.129 -
195.223.50.190

Problem 3 in the space below.

Number of
64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
256 128
Number of
8 16 32 64 128 256
Subnets - 2 4
32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
128 64

23 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(0) 0 195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.63
(1) 1 195.223.50.64 to 195.223.50.127 195.223.50.128 to
(2) 1 0 195.223.50.191
(3) 1 1 195.223.50.192 to 195.223.50.255

64
-2 62

44
 Show your work for
Problem 4
750
Network Address 190.35.0.0

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 .

192

___________________
Total number of subnets 1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

What is the 15th

subnet range?
_______________________________________________190.35.3.128 to
190.35.3.191

What is the subnet number for

the 13th subnet?
________________________190.35.3.0
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 10th subnet?
________________________190.35.2.127

45
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

What are the assignable
addresses for the 6th
subnet?
______________________________________190.35.1.65 to 190.35.1.126

46
Show your work for

47
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

Problem 4 in the space below.

48
 Show your work for
Problem 5
Number of needed usable hosts 6
Network Address 126.0.0.0

__________
Address class A

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 0 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 248

Total number of subnets ___________________2,097,152

________________
Total number of host addresses 8

___________________
Number of usable addresses 6

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 21

What is the 2nd

subnet range?
_______________________________________________126.0.0.8 to
126.0.0.15

What is the subnet number for the 5th subnet?

________________________126.0.0.32

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 7th

subnet? ________________________126.0.0.55

What are the assignable addresses for the 10th

subnet?______________________________________126.0.0.73 to
126.0.0.78
49
 Subnetting

50
Show your work for

51
 Subnetting
Problem 5 in the space below.

52
 Show your work for
Problem 6
Number of needed subnets10
Network Address192.70.10.0

__________
Address class C

Default subnet mask_______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask_______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 240

___________________
Total number of subnets 16

___________________
Total number of host addresses 16

___________________
Number of usable addresses 14

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 4

What is the 9th

subnet range? 192.70.10.128 to 192.70.10.143
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 4th subnet?

________________________192.70.10.48

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 12th

subnet? ________________________192.70.10.191

What are the assignable addresses

for the 10th

53
 Subnetting
subnet? 192.70.10.145 to
192.70.10.158______________________________________

Problem 6 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Bi
192 . 70 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 nary values
(0) 0 192.70.10.0 to 192.70.10.15 to
(1) 1 192.70.10.16 192.70.10.31 to
1 192.70.10.47 to
(2) 0 192.70.10.32
1 192.70.10.63 to
(3) 1 192.70.10.48
0 192.70.10.64 192.70.10.79 to
(4) 0
0 192.70.10.80 192.70.10.95 to
(5) 1 1
1 192.70.10.96 192.70.10.111 to
(6) 1 0
1 192.70.10.112 192.70.10.127 to
(7) 1 1
0 192.70.10.128 192.70.10.143 to
(8) 1 1 0 192.70.10.159 to
0 192.70.10.144
(9) 1 0 1 192.70.10.175 to
1 192.70.10.160
(10) 1 0 0 192.70.10.191 to
1 192.70.10.176
(11) 1 0 1 to 192.70.10.223 to
0 192.70.10.192
(12) 1 0 0 192.70.10.239 to
0 192.70.10.208
(13) 1 1 1
1 192.70.10.224
(14) 1 1 0
1 192.70.10.240
(15) 1 1 1
1
192.70.10.0207

192.70.10.255

54
 Show your work for
128 16
+64 -2 240 14
Problem 7
Network Address 10.0.0.0 /16

Address class __________A

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 0 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Total number of subnets ___________________256

Total number of host addresses ___________________65,536

Number of usable addresses ___________________65,534

Number of bits borrowed ___________________8

What is the 11th

subnet range? _______________________________________________
10.10.0.0 to 10.10.255.255

What is the subnet number for the 6th subnet?

________________________10.5.0.0

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 2nd

subnet? ________________________10.1.255.255

What are the assignable addresses for the 9th

subnet?______________________________________10.8.0.1 to
10.8.255.254
55
 Subnetting
Problem 7 in the space below.

56
 Show your work for

Problem 8
Number of needed subnets 5
Network Address 172.50.0.0

57
 Subnetting
__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 224 . 0

___________________
Total number of subnets 8

___________________
Total number of host addresses 8,192

___________________
Number of usable addresses 8,190

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 3

What is the 4th

subnet range? _______________________________________________
172.50.96.0 to 172.50.127.255

What is the subnet number for the 5th subnet?

________________________172.50.128.0

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 6th

subnet? ________________________172.50.191.255

What are the assignable addresses

for the 3rd
subnet?______________________________________ 172.50.64.1 to
172.50.95.254

Problem 8 in the space below.

58
Show your work for

59
 Subnetting

Problem 9
Number of needed usable hosts 28
Network Address 172.50.0.0

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 224

Total number of subnets ___________________2,048

___________________
Total number of host addresses 32

60
 Show your work for
___________________
Number of usable addresses 30

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 11

What is the 2nd

subnet range? 172.50.0.32 to 172.50.0.63
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 10th subnet?

________________________172.50.1.32

What is the subnet broadcast

address for
the 4th subnet? ________________________172.50.0.127

What are the assignable addresses

for the 6th
subnet? 172.50.0.161 to
172.50.0.190______________________________________

Problem 9 in the space below.

61
 Subnetting

62
 Show your work for

Problem 10
Number of needed subnets 45
Network Address 220.100.100.0

__________
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

63
 Subnetting
Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 252

___________________
Total number of subnets 64

___________________
Total number of host addresses 4

___________________
Number of usable addresses 2

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 6

What is the 5th

subnet range?
_______________________________________________220.100.100.16 to
220.100.100.19

What is the subnet number for the 4th subnet?

________________________220.100.100.12

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 13th

subnet? ________________________220.100.100.51

What are the assignable addresses

for the 12th
subnet?______________________________________ 220.100.100.45 to
220.100.100.46

64
 Show your work for
Problem 10 in the space below.

65
 Subnetting

Problem 11
Number of needed usable hosts 8,000
66
 Show your work for
Network Address 135.70.0.0

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 224 . 0

___________________
Total number of subnets 8

___________________
Total number of host addresses 8,192

___________________
Number of usable addresses 8,190

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 3

What is the 6th

subnet range? _______________________________________________
135.70.160.0 to 135.70.191.255

What is the subnet number for the 7th subnet?

________________________135.70.192.0

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 3rd

subnet? ________________________135.70.95.255

What are the assignable addresses

for the 5th
subnet?______________________________________ 135.70.128.1 to
135.70.159.254

Problem 11 in the space below.

67
 Subnetting

68
 Show your work for

Problem 12
Number of needed usable hosts 45
Network Address 198.125.50.0

__________
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 .

192

___________________
Total number of subnets 4

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

69
 Subnetting
___________________
Number of bits borrowed 2

What is the 2nd

subnet range? 198.125.50.64 to 98.125.50.127
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 2nd subnet?

________________________198.125.50.64

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 4th

subnet? ________________________198.125.50.255

What are the assignable addresses

for the 3rd
subnet? 198.125.50.129 to
198.125.50.190______________________________________

Problem 12 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

ubnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

0 0 0 0 0 0
0 198.125.50.0 to 198.125.50.63 198.125.50.64 to
1 198.125.50.127 198.125.50.128 to
10 198.125.50.191 198.125.50.192 to
11 198.125.50.255

70
 Show your work for
Problem 13
Network Address 165.200.0.0 /26

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 .

192

Total number of subnets ___________________1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

What is the 10th

subnet range? _______________________________________________
165.200.2.64 to 165.200.2.127

What is the subnet number for the 11th subnet?

________________________165.200.2.128

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 1023rd

subnet? ________________________165.200.255.191

What are the assignable addresses

for the 1022nd
165.200.255.65 to 165.200.255.126
 Subnetting

subnet?______________________________________

72
 Show your work for
Problem 14
Number of needed usable hosts 16
Network Address 200.10.10.0

__________
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 .

224

___________________
Total number of subnets 8

___________________
Total number of host addresses 32

___________________
Number of usable addresses 30

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 3

What is the 7th

subnet range?
_______________________________________________200.10.10.192 to
200.10.10.223

What is the subnet number for the 5th subnet?

________________________200.10.10.128

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 4th

subnet? ________________________200.10.10.127

What are the assignable addresses

for the 6th
 Subnetting
200.10.10.161 to 200.10.10.190

subnet?______________________________________

74
 Show your work for
Problem 14 in the space below.
Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(0) 0 200.10.10.0 to 200.10.10.31 to
(1) 1 200.10.10.32 200.10.10.63
(2) 0 200.10.10.64 to 200.10.10.95
(3) 1 1 200.10.10.96 to to
(4) 1 1 0 200.10.10.128 to to
(5) 1 0 1 200.10.10.160 to
(6) 1 0 0 200.10.10.192
(7) 1 1 1 200.10.10.224
1
200.10.10.127
200.10.10.159 200.10.10.191
200.10.10.223
200.10.10.255

Problem 15
Network Address 93.0.0.0 \19

75
 Subnetting
__________
Address class A

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 0 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 224 . 0

Total number of subnets ___________________2,048

___________________
Total number of host addresses 8,192

Number of usable addresses ___________________8,190

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 11

What is the 15th

subnet range?
_______________________________________________93.1.192.0 to
93.1.223.255

What is the subnet number for the 9th subnet?

________________________93.1.0.0

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 7th

subnet? ________________________93.0.223.255

subnet?______________________________________

76
 Show your work for
What are the assignable addresses for
the 12th
93.1.96.1 to 93.1.127.254
Problem 15 in the space below.

77
 Subnetting

subnet?______________________________________

78
 Practical Subnetting 1
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts
for 100% growth in both areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 172.16.0.0
F0/0
Router A S0/0/0 S0/0/1 F0/1
Router B
F0/0

Marketing Management
24 Hosts Reasearch 15 Hosts
60 Hosts

Address class _____________________________B

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.224.0

Minimum number of subnets needed _________4

+
Extra subnets required for 100% growth _________ 4
(Round up to the next whole number)

=
Total number of subnets needed _________ 8
Number of host addresses 60
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for 60
+
100% growth in the largest subnet _________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address 120

79
 needed for the largest subnet
_________= Start with the first subnet and arrange
your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.
IP address range for Research _____________________________172.16.0.0 to
172.31.255

IP address range for Marketing _____________________________172.16.32.0

to 172.63.255

IP address range for Management

_____________________________172.16.64.0 to 172.95.255
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection _____________________________172.16.96.0 to
172.127.255

80
81
 Show
your work
for
Practical

Subnetting 1 in the space below.

82
 Practical Subnetting 2
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets
and hosts for 30% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 135.126.0.0
S0/0/0
F0/0 Router A S0/0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0
Router B F0/1

S0/0/0 Tech Ed Lab

20 Hosts
Router C
F0/1
Science Lab
10 Hosts
English Department
15 Hosts
Address class _____________________________B

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.255.224

Minimum number of subnets needed _________5

Extra subnets required for 30% growth _________+ 2

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 7

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________20
Number of addresses needed for
30% growth in the largest subnet _________+ 6
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________= 26
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

83
 IP address range for Tech Ed
_____________________________135.126.0.0 to 135.126.0.31

IP address range for English _____________________________135.126.0.32 to

135.126.0.63

IP address range for Science

_____________________________135.126.0.64 to 135.126.0.95
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection 135.126.0.96 to
135.126.0.127_____________________________
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection135.126.0.128 to
135.126.0.159_____________________________

84
 Show your work for
Problem 2 in the space below.

85
 Practical Subnetting 3
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a classfull network addressing
scheme that will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough
extra subnets and hosts for 25% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic
and answer the

86
 Show your work for
questions below.

IP Address 172.16.0.0

F0/0
S0/0/1
F0/0 Sales
Administrative Router A
185 Hosts
30 Hosts F0/1 S0/0/0
Router B

Marketing
50 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.255.0

Minimum number of subnets needed _________4

Extra subnets required for 25% growth _________+ 1

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 5

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________185
Number of addresses needed for
25% growth in the largest subnet _________+ 47
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________= 232
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Sales _____________________________172.16.0.0 to

172.16.0.255

87
IP address range for Marketing _____________________________172.16.1.0
to 172.16.1.255

IP address range for Administrative

_____________________________172.16.2.0 to 172.16.2.255
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection _____________________________172.16.3.0
to 172.16.3.255

88
Show your work for

Problem 3 in the space below.

89
 Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the
Practical Subnetting 4
minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 70%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 135.126.0.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0
Router B

S0/0/0

Router C F0/0
F0/1
Dallas
150 Hosts New York
Washington D.C. 325 Hosts
220 Hosts
Address class _____________________________B

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.240.0

Minimum number of subnets needed _________5

Extra subnets required for 70% growth _________+ 4

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 9

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________325
Number of addresses needed for
70% growth in the largest subnet _________+ 228
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________= 553
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

90
 Show your work for
IP address range for New York 135.126.0.0 to
135.126.15.255_____________________________

IP address range for Washington D. C. 135.126.16.0 to

135.126.31.255_____________________________

IP address range for Dallas135.126.32.0 to

135.126.47.255_____________________________
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection135.126.48.0 to
135.126.63.255_____________________________
IP address range for Router A
to Router C serial connection135.126.64.0 to
135.126.79.255_____________________________

Problem 4 in the space below.

91
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the

Practical Subnetting 5
minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 100% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.

92
 Show your work for

Address class _____________________________C

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.255.192

Minimum number of subnets needed _________2

Extra subnets required for 100% growth _________+ 2

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 4

in the largest subnet groupNumber of host addresses _________30

100Number of addresses needed for% growth in the largest subnet

_________+ 30
(Round up to the next whole number)

needed for the largest subnetTotal number of address _________= 60

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router F0/0 Port

_____________________________210.15.10.0 to 210.15.10.63
93
 Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the
IP address range for Router F0/1 Port
_____________________________210.15.10.64 to 210.15.10.127 Problem 5 in
the space below.

256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
210. 15 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(0) 0 210.15.10.0 to 210.15.10.63
(1) 1 210.15.10.64 to 210.15.10.127 210.15.10.128 to
(2) 1 0 210.15.10.191
(3) 1 1 210.15.10.192 to 210.15.10.255

Number of

94
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 6
minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 20%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 10.0.0.0

Address class _____________________________A

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.240.0.0

Minimum number of subnets needed _________7

+
Extra subnets required for 20% growth _________ 2
(Round up to the next whole number)

=
Total number of subnets needed _________ 9
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Technology _____________________________10.0.0.0 to

10.15.255.255

IP address range for Science

_____________________________10.16.0.0 to 10.31.255.255

95
 Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the
IP address range for Arts & Drama _____________________________10.32.0.0
to 10.47.255.255

IP Address range Administration _____________________________10.48.0.0 to

10.63.255.255
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection
_____________________________10.64.0.0 to 10.79.255.255
IP address range for Router A
to Router C serial connection
_____________________________10.80.0.0 to 10.95.255.255
IP address range for Router B
to Router C serial connection
_____________________________10.96.0.0 to 10.111.255.255
Problem 6 in the space below.

96
 Show your work for

Practical Subnetting 7
minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 125% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.

97
 Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the

Address class _____________________________B

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.252.0

Minimum number of subnets needed _________4

Extra subnets required for 125% growth _________+ 5

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 9

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________363
Number of addresses needed for
125% growth in the largest subnet _________+ 454
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________= 817
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Router A Port F0/0

_____________________________177.135.0.0 to 177.135.3.255

IP address range for Research _____________________________177.135.4.0 to

177.135.7.255
98
 Show your work for
IP address range for Deployment _____________________________177.135.8.0
to 177.135.11.255
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection 177.135.12.0 to
177.135.15.255_____________________________

Problem 7 in the space below.

99
 Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the

Practical Subnetting 8
minimum number subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 85%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.
IP Address 192.168.1.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1 F0/1
Router B
F0/0

New York
8 Hosts

Boston
5 Hosts
Research & Development
8 Hosts

Address class _____________________________C

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.255.224

100
 Show your work for
Minimum number of subnets needed _________3

Extra subnets required for 85% growth _________+ 3

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 6

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________13
Number of addresses needed for
85% growth in the largest subnet _________+ 12
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________= 25
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Router A F0/0

_____________________________192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.31

IP address range for New York _____________________________192.168.1.32 to

192.168.1.63

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection _____________________________192.168.1.64 to
192.168.1.95

Problem 8 in the space below.

101
 Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Based Subnets - 2 4 8 16 in
on the information 32the
64 graphic
128 256 shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
192. 168 . 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(0) 0 192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.31 to
(1) 1 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.63 to
(2) 1 0 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.95 to
(3) 1 1 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.127 to
(4) 10 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.159 to
192.168.1.160 to 192.168.1.223 to
0
(5) 1 0 192.168.1.192
1 192.168.1.224
(6) 11
0
(7) 1 1
1
192.168.1.1191

192.168.1.255

102
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 9
minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 15% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions

IP Address 148.55.0.0
S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1 F0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0
Router B

S0/0/0 Dallas
1500 Hosts
Router C
F0/0
S0/0/1
Router D S0/0/0

Ft. Worth
2300 Hosts

below.

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________

Minimum number of subnets needed _________5 Extra

subnets required for 15% growth _________+ 1

(Round up to the next whole number)

103
 Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the
Total number of subnets needed _________= 6
Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________2300
Number of addresses needed for
15% growth in the largest subnet _________+ 345
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________=2645
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Ft. Worth _____________________________148.55.0.0. to

148.55.15.255

IP address range for Dallas _____________________________148.55.16.0. to

148.55.31.255

IP address range for Router A

_____________________________148.55.32.0. to 148.55.47.255 to
Router B serial connection

IP address range for Router A

_____________________________148.55.48.0. to 148.55.63.255 to
Router C serial connection

IP address range for Router C

_____________________________148.55.64.0. to 148.55.79.255 to
Router D serial connection
Problem 9 in the space below.

104
 Show your work for

Practical Subnetting 10
minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for
110% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

105
 Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the

Address class _____________________________B

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.255.240

Minimum number of subnets needed _________4

Extra subnets required for 110% growth _________+ 5

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 9

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________140
Number of addresses needed for
110% growth in the largest subnet _________+ 154
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________= 294
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Sales/Managemnt

_____________________________172.16.0.0 to 172.16.15.255

106
 Show your work for
IP address range for Marketing _____________________________172.16.16.0 to
172.16.31.255

IP address range for Research _____________________________172.16.32.0 to

172.16.47.255
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection _____________________________172.16.48.0 to
172.16.63.255

107
Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

108
 Valid and Non-Valid IP Addresses

Using the material in this workbook identify which of the addresses below are
correct and usable. If they are not usable addresses explain
why.
IP Address: ________________________________The network
0.230.190.192 ID cannot be 0.
Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 192.10.10.1 ________________________________OK

Subnet Mask: ________________________________
255.255.255.0
Reference Pages 28-29 ________________________________245 is

IP Address: reserved for

245.150.190.10
Subnet Mask: ________________________________experimental
255.255.255.0
Reference Page Inside Front Cover
use.

IP Address: ________________________________This is the

135.70.191.255
broadcast address
Subnet Mask:
255.255.254.0 ________________________________for this
Reference Pages 48-49
range.
IP Address:
127.100.100.10 ________________________________127 is
Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 reserved for loopback
Reference Pages Inside Front Cover
________________________________testing.
IP Address: 93.0.128.1
Subnet Mask: ________________________________OK
255.255.224.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 56-57

IP Address: ________________________________This is the

200.10.10.128 subnet address for the
Subnet Mask: ________________________________3rd usable
255.255.255.224 range of 200.10.10.0
Reference Pages 54-55

IP Address: ________________________________OK
165.100.255.189 ________________________________
Subnet Mask:
255.255.255.192
Reference Pages 30-31
________________________________This address is
taken from the first
IP Address: 190.35.0.10
Subnet Mask: ________________________________range for this
255.255.255.192 subnet which is invalid.
Reference Pages 34-35

________________________________This has a
IP Address:
218.35.50.195 class B subnet
Subnet Mask: ________________________________mask.
255.255.0.0
Reference Page Inside Front Cover
________________________________A class C
IP Address:
address must use a
200.10.10.175 /22
Reference Pages 54-55 and/or Inside Front
Cover ________________________________minimum of

24 bits. ________________________________This
IP Address:
135.70.255.255 is a broadcast address.
Subnet Mask:
________________________________
255.255.224.0

Reference Pages 48-49

78

IP Address Breakdown
 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30
8+8+8+1 8+8+8+2 8+8+8+3 8+8+8+4 8+8+8+5 8+8+8+6
255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252
128 Hosts 64 Hosts 32 Hosts 16 Hosts 8 Hosts 4 Hosts
0-7 0-3
4-7
0-15
8-11
8-15
12-15
16-23 16-19
20-23
16-31
24-27
24-31
28-31
0-63
32-35
32-39
36-39
32-47
40-47 40-43
44-47
48-55 48-51
52-55
48-63
56-63 56-59
60-63
0-127
64-71 64-67
68-71
64-79
72-79 72-75
76-79
80-87 80-83
84-87
80-95
88-95 88-91
92-95
64-127
96-103 96-99
100-103
96-111
104-111 104-107
108-111
112-119 112-115
116-119
112-127
120-127 120-123
124-127
128-135 128-131
132-135
128-143
136-143 136-139
140-143
144-151 144-147
148-151
144-159
152-159 152-155
156-159
128-191
16-167 160-163
164-167
160-175
168-175 168-171
172-175
128-255 176-183 176-179
180-183
176-191
184-191 184-187
188-191
192-199 192-195
196-199
192-207
200-207 200-203
204-207
192-255 208-215 208-211
212-215
208-223
216-223 216-219
220-223
224-239 224-231 224-227
 228-231
232-239 232-235
236-239
240-247 240-243
244-247
240-255
248-251
248-255
252-255
79
Visualizing Subnets Using
The Box Method

The box method is the simplest way to visualize the breakdown

of subnets and addresses into smaller sizes.

Start with a square. The whole square is a

single subnet comprised of 256 addresses.

/24

255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 1

Subnet

Split the box in half and you get two

subnets with 128 addresses,

/25
255.255.255.128
128 Hosts
2 Subnets
 Divide the box into quarters and you get
four subnets with 64 addresses,

/26
255.255.255.192
64
Hosts 4
Subnets
80
Split each individual square and you get eight subnets with 32
addresses,

/27
255.255.255.224
32 Hosts 8 Subnets
Split the boxes in half again and you get sixteen subnets with sixteen
addresses,

/28
255.255.255.240
16 Hosts 16 Subnets
The next split gives you thirty two subnets with eight addresses,

/29
255.255.255.248
8 Hosts 32 Subnets
The last split gives sixty four subnets with four addresses each,

/30
255.255.255.252
4 Hosts 64 Subnets
81
Class A Addressing Guide
 # of Bits Subnet Total #
__________CIDR______________Borrowed________________________Mask _______________
__________/8 ______________0 ________________________255.0.0.0 ______________
__________/9 ______________1 ________________________255.128.0.0 ______________
__________/10 _______________2 _________________________255.192.0.0 _______________
__________/11 ______________3 ________________________255.224.0.0 _______________
__________/12 ______________4 ________________________255.240.0.0 ______________
__________/13 ______________5 _________________________255.248.0.0 _______________
__________/14 ______________6 ________________________255.252.0.0 _______________
__________/15 _______________7 _________________________255.254.0.0 _______________
__________/16 _______________8 __________________________255.255.0.0 ______________
__________/17 ______________9 _________________________255.255.128.0 ______________
___________/18 _______________10 __________________________255.255.192.0 ______________
__________/19 ______________11 ________________________255.255.224.0 _______________
__________/20 _______________12 _________________________255.255.240.0 _______________
__________/21 _______________13 _________________________255.255.248.0 ______________
__________/22 ______________14 _________________________255.255.252.0 _______________
___________/23 ______________15 __________________________255.255.254.0 _______________
___________/24 _______________16 __________________________255.255.255.0 ______________
___________/25 ______________17 __________________________255.255.255.128_______________
__________/26 _______________18 __________________________255.255.255.192 ______________
___________/27 ______________19 __________________________255.255.255.224_______________
___________/28 ______________20 __________________________255.255.255.240_______________
__________/29 ______________21 22 _________________________255.255.255.248 _______________
/30 255.255.255.252 4,194,3
Class B Addressing Guide
# of Bits Subnet Total #
__________CIDR______________Borrowed________________________Mask _______________
__________/16 ______________0 ________________________255.255.0.0 ______________
__________/17 ______________1 ________________________255.255.128.0 ______________
__________/18 _______________2 _________________________255.255.192.0 _______________
__________/19 ______________3 ________________________255.255.224.0 _______________
__________/20 ______________4 ________________________255.255.240.0 ______________
__________/21 ______________5 _________________________255.255.248.0 _______________
__________/22 ______________6 ________________________255.255.252.0 _______________
__________/23 _______________7 _________________________255.255.254.0 _______________
__________/24 _______________8 __________________________255.255.255.0 ______________
__________/25 ______________9 _________________________255.255.255.128 ______________
___________/26 _______________10 __________________________255.255.255.192______________
__________/27 ______________11 ________________________255.255.255.224 _______________
__________/28 ______________12 ________________________255.255.255.240 _______________
__________/29 ______________13 14 _________________________255.255.255.248 _______________
/30 255.255.255.252 16,384
Class C Addressing Guide
 # of Bits Subnet Total # of T
__________CIDR______________Borrowed________________________Mask ________________Subnets ___
__________/24 ______________0 ________________________255.255.255.0 _______________1 ___
__________/25 ______________1 ________________________255.255.255.128 _______________2 ___
__________/26 _______________2 _________________________255.255.255.192 ________________4 ___
__________/27 ______________3 ________________________255.255.255.224 ________________8 ___
__________/28 ______________4 ________________________255.255.255.240 _______________16 ___
__________/29 ______________5 6 _________________________255.255.255.248 ________________32 64 ___
/30 255.255.255.252
82
Inside Cover