VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Speaker
DR.MD.NAUSHAD ANSARI
Assoc. Professor
Department of Extension Education
Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi
From this presentation
I would like to share . . .
Forms of communicating
Oral communication
Written communication
Tools of effective communication
Types of communication
According to expression and body language:
Oral
Written
Non-verbal
According to direction of communication:
Downward
Upward
Lateral/ Horizontal
Diagonal- Flow of information between persons holding different
levels of authority in different department
According to organizational structure:
Formal
Informal
Forms of Communicating
Verbal Communication
All forms of communication can be categorized as either
verbal or non verbal.
Verbal communication can be subdivided into either vocal or
non-vocal.
Verbal communication involves using speech to exchange
information with others.
We usually communicate verbally in face-to-face
conversations such as; meetings, interviews, conferences,
speeches, phone calls etc.
Much of the communication that takes place between people
is both verbal and non-verbal; that is, it is based on language
and gestures.
Verbal communication of the vocal category includes spoken
language, while non-vocal verbal communication involves
written communication as well as communication that is
transmitted through sign language, Braille, or other similar
alternatives to verbal language.
Oral Communication
Oral communication methods include -
Face to face talk
Telephone conversation
Public meeting
Audio recordings
Advantages Oral Communication
Message can be quickly communicated
Message may be clarified to increase
understandability
Provides opportunity for face to face
interaction
Creates an atmosphere of informality which
may improve the compliance of instruction
Feelings can be easily observed
Limitation of Oral Communication
• Doubts may arise later on about authenticity
of the information
• May create confusion and misunderstanding
• Cannot be referred back
Factors affecting Oral Communication
effectiveness
• Effective Oral Communication=
Clear purpose X Good Functional Relationship X Effective Delivery
Clear purpose Good Functional Effective Delivery
Relationship
Have clear objective Good rapport Talk less/Talk truth
Positive attitude Talk slow/Talk clear
Pleasing personality Repeat key words
Language compatibility Use local terms
Degree of contact Be up to date
Ability to listen Ask question
Credibility Draw conclusion
Written Communication
It exists in many forms such as:
Words
Pictures
Graphs
Diagrams
Letters
Manuals
Journals
Circulars
Notes
Advantages of Written Communication
Makes the message authentic
Makes communication specific, with little
chance of distortion
Serves as a document and may be
referred back when necessary
Uniformity of communication to a large
number of employees at the same time
Limitation of Written Communication
Time consuming and costly
Communication becomes formal
which may develop resistance
amongst employees
May create confusion if not well
written
Increase secretarial work
Para verbal/Paralinguistic/
Paralanguage features
Paralinguistic or paralanguage features are the aspects of
spoken communication that do not involve words.
Paralinguistic features accompany verbal communication and
are the vocal signals beyond the basic verbal message.
Paralinguistic elements in a person's speech convey meaning
beyond the words and grammar used.
Examples of paralinguistic features include pitch, rate,
quality of voice and amplitude.
Other forms of paralanguage can also include laughter or
imitative speech. Prosody, which is the rhythm, pattern,
stress, rate, volume, inflection and intonation of a person's
speech, is also a form of paralanguage.
People express meaning not just in what they say but in the
way they say it.
Non-Verbal Communication
• There are basically three elements in any face-
to-face communication. These three elements
account differently for the meaning of the
message:
1. Words account for 7%
2. Tone of voice accounts for 38% and
3.Body language accounts for 55% of the
message.
How to be a good communicator
To be a good communicator, one needs to:
a) Express own reflections and ideas clearly
b) Develop relationships
c) Provide feedback (answers, reacts)
d) Be open to others’ feedback (accept others answer without prejudice, references
etc.
e) Respect attitudes and opinions of others
f) Be tolerant to different customs and cultures
g) Give full attention to people while they are talking to you.
h) Encourage other people to talk, and ask appropriate questions.
i) Present your ideas so that others are receptive to your point of view.
j) Treat people fairly and let others know how you want to be treated.
k) Value teamwork and know how to build cooperation and commitment.
l) Strive to understand other people and to be empathetic.
m) Be able to easily win people’s trust and respect.
n) Check to make sure you have understood what other people are trying to
communicate.
o) Follow through on your commitments.
p) Be able to work with people you have difficulties with without becoming negative.
Effective Communication
• Although we can all communicate, not all our communication
acts are effective. We must all strive to be effective
communicators.
• So, what is effective communication?
• This is that communication which produces results. It is
communication where the intended message is delivered
clearly, and the desired feedback is achieved. It is
communication that does not give room for
misunderstanding.
• Effective communication is about receiving information from
others with as little distortion as possible. Communication is a
matter of effectiveness, which is dependent on the speakers
communication competency. In other words its effectiveness
is dependent on one’s competency in communication. We can
therefore say that communication involves intents and efforts
from both the sender of the message and the receiver.
Effective Communication Skills
Effective Communication skills must include:
communicating using
1. Eye contact & visible mouth
2. Body language
3. Silence
4. Checking for understanding(CFU)
5. Smiling face
6. Summarizing what has been said
7. Encouragement to continue
8. Asking some question
The 7 Cs of Communication
The 7 Cs provide a checklist for making sure that your
meetings, emails, conference calls, reports, and
presentations are well constructed and clear so your
audience gets your message.
According to the 7Cs, communication needs to be:
1 Clear
2. Concise
3. Concrete
4. Correct
5. Coherent
6. Complete
7. Courteous /consideration -is friendly, open, and honest
and does not illicit emotions. There are no hidden
insults or passive aggressive tones.
THANKS
