UNIT 10 first-person Norrotives

l1li 1 a) Listen to the story and put the pictures into the correct order, then answer
the questions.
1 Who are the characters in the story? 3 What title wouldyou give this story?
2 Which of them is telling the story?
b) Li sten again, then look at the pictu res and tell the story.

First-person narratives arewritten in the first-person (I/we) about a series of events,

real or imaginary, which happened to us, Afirst-person narrative should consist of: Introduction
a) an introduction in which you set thescene (who was involved, time, place, etc) in •••••••••••••••••
an interesting way 10 make the reader wantto continuereading; Paragraph 1
b) a main body, consisting of two or more paragraphs, where you deve lop your
story, presenting the events in the order they happened; and Set the scene
c) a conclusion wh ich includes what happened at the end of the story, as well as {who - w here - whe n -
people's feelings, final comments or reactions, Asurprising ending makes a long- what)
lasting impression on the reader.
• You should normal lyuse past tenses in such pieces of writing, as well asa variety Main Body
of adjectives or adverbs to make your story more attractive to the reader. •••••••••••••••••
Narratives can be found in articles, letters, novels, etc. To attract the reader's Paragraphs 2 - 4
attention, give interestingandcatchy titles to yourstories, especially if they are for a
magazine, newspaper, etc. Develop the story
det aile d descrip ti on of
2 Read the rubric and underline the key words, then answer the questions. events in the order they
happened
A local newspaper is holding a story competition and you have decided to
enter. Your story should start with: "t stood on the deck staring at the huge Conclusion
waves. " Write your story for the competition. • ••••••••••••••••
1 Who isgoing to readyour story? Final Paragraph
3 What should your story be about?
2 Who should your story be about? A a boat trip end of stor y, f eeli ngs,
A your brother B yourself B a train accident comments or reactions
C a warm summer'sdayin the mountains -'11=0=========1=
60
 Unill0 first-oerson Norrolives

3 a) Look at the picture in the story below and answer the questions. c) Read the story; again and
1 Where did the story take place: on a ship? on a train? number the events intheorder
, What was the weather like: cold andwindy? warm and sunny? in which the)'happened.Then.
3 What doyou think the problemwas: a hijacking? a fire in the engineroom? use the list to retell the story'
-l What happened in theend: the ship reached the port? the ship sank? as if it had happened to )"OU.
S Which of the fo llowing can you fi nd on a ship? Tick (/):
deck (I) , bedroom _ , loudspeakers _ ' engine room _ ' platform , [AD We were asked to go to the
lifeboat station _ ' cabin_ ' sitting room - ,lifejackets - , bus station-- nearest lifeboat station.
[]I] We put on lifejackets.
b) Read the story and underline the correct tenses. Then, label the [9]] A fire started in the engine
paragraphs with the following headings.
room.
• del'elopment of 5(01)' . setting the scene • end of SIOIY, feelings lliD The ship slowed.
[]I] We reached port.
[![] We went to the lifeboats.
lliD The engines stopped.
[jj]I] The ferry left port.
DO The engines started again.

d) Read the story again and fill

in the correct adjectives,
then make sentences using
the completed collocations.

An Unforgettable Journey" 1 waves

by Jan" Fe/don 2 ....................... ................ ........ clouds
I stoodonthedeck, staringat the hugewaves. Fromthe moment we Para 1 3 ....................................................... sea
1) had letVwere leaving port and sailed into the English Channel, the
weather hadgot worseand worse. Now, lightning flashed across the sky,
4 .....................................................boat
whichwas covered in dark clouds. 5 ................................................. ground
Suddenly, thenoise of the engines 2) had stopped/ stopped . The ship Para 2
3) slowed/ was slowing, rolling heavily inthe rough sea. Avoice over the
loudspeakers 4) told!were telling us to remain calm - then added that
afire had started inthe engineroom, and said that all passengers must go
immediatelytothe nearest lifeboat station. Para 3 Before you start writing your sto ry
We all 5) ran/had run onto the deck, following the signs to the
you should decide on the plot tine.
lifeboats. The ship's officers arrived, made sure we had Iifejackets and
i.e. the main events which make up
- 6) showed/were showing us how to put themon.
the story.
I 7) looked/was looking again in horror at the wild, stormy sea. The
Para 4 You should make sure that you write
thOllght of being out there in a tiny boat was terrifying. Minutes 8) had
these events in the order they

l
passed/ passed like hours, until at last a voice 9) was announcing!
announcedthat everything was under control and thedanger was over. We happened. To show the sequence of
all 10) cheeredlhad cheered as the engines started again and the ship even ts you can uselinking words
11) moved/was movingforward into the waves. Para 5 such as: as soon as, while. before.
I stilt couldn't believe it was over, though - not until we had reached first, next, then. etc.
t port and112) was standing/had stoodon solidground again!
61
 UnillO Firsl-person Norrolives

4 a) Read the rubrics below and matchthem to the plot lines. Can you at first, soon, suddenly, finally,
suggest alternative plot lines? then, as
1 A magazine is holding a competitionforthebest short story endingwith [[] 1) we were driving
"We wouldn't fose our house." home down thewinding mountain road ,
rt started to snow. Soft white snowflakes
2 Your teacher has asked you to write a short story endingwith "The boy were tailing lightly onto the road and it
looked at me andsmiled. I hadsaved his life." 2) became very slippery.
3) , a deershot outin
A • I walked down the railwaytracks. B • My brother and I were looking front of the van and I had to swerve
• I saw a young boy listening to a at some bills. violentlyto avoid it. I heard a loud thump
walkman playing on the tracks. • The phone rang. and managed to stop. I quickly jumped
• The traincame. • A lawyer invited us to his office. out of the van and ran back to see if the
• I ran towards the boy. deer was hurt.
• He told us a distant relative of I found it lying in the road. 4)
• I pushed him off the tracks. ours had died. .. , I thought it was dead. Then ,
• The train went by. • She left us £100,000. thedeer opened its eyes and I realised
that it was alive. I jumpedback, relieved
b) Read the rubric and the plot line, then put the events in the order as the deer struggled to its feel. For a
they happened. Finally, use the plot line to tell the story as if it moment it stood looking at me with its
large soft brown eyes, 5) .
had happened to you.
.. it ran offinto the forest and
A magazine has asked its readers to submit short stories starting 6) disappeared
with these words. HAs soon as J got off the train I knew this would be from view.
a special day in my life."

1 got off the train. l'!!J 6 a) Match the phrases below to

~:+:9 I picked the wallet up. pictures (A-D) on page 63.
c I found the owner's address. There is one extra picture
d He was very happy. which JOu do not needto use.
~ He offered me a reward. Finally, listen to the cassette
.~ I found a walleton the station floor. and check Jour answers.
I was able to buy myself a watch.
I gave him the wallet. o waves thundering and crashing
I went to the owner's house. D shiny green leaves
I opened it and looked inside. D calm water

5 Read the extracts below and fill in the gaps with the linking words
D salty sea spray

and phrases from each list. D smell of damp ferns

before, eventualiy, meanwhile, as soon as) suddenly, after a while D white foamy water

A 1)
',-~
I arrived at the bank r joined the queue and
D sparkling lights
waited formyturn. 2) , two men burst throughthe door D loud car horns
and ran to the cashier, shouting loudly. 3) we knew it
themen had forced the cashier to open the security door. 4) :
the bank manager called the police. 5) , we heard the b) Which of the senses (l.e.
police car siren blaring, but by the time they arrived, the robbers had left the sight, hearing, smell, taste
building. The police chased them and 6) .., caught them .
and touch) han been used
to describe each picture?
62
 Unil lOfirsI-person Norrolives

PAST TENSES
You can usevarious past tenses in your story:
- past simple, to describe actions which started and ended in the past, or
actions which happened oneafter the other in the past.
e.g. I went to Paris last month.
I walked pastthe bank andslopped 81 thepostoffice to buy some sfBmps.
past continuous, 10 setthesceneor 10 describeevents/actions in progress at
a certain limein the past.
e.g. It was pouring wfth rain that evening. We were allsitting Inthe fMng room,
past perfect, for actions which happened before other past actions, or 10
givethe background of the story. e.g. f decfdedto call MrJones andtef/ him
the truth about what had happened.

7 Read the extract belowand underline the correct past tense.

---...._- •
.Atfirst, I I) w~sn't/hadn't been frightened by the noise as I 2) was
th mkingltho~ght It 3) had been/was just the wind which 4) was rattling/
rattled the windows. Then I 5) WIi S freezing/froze when J 6) heard/had
hea.r~ the w?oden stairs creaking outside my bedroom door. I 7) was
~eCldmgldcclded to be brave and 8) went/was going downstai rs to see if
It 9) had been~vas re~l!y a burglar. A few minutes later. I 10) had
stood/was standing terrified at thebottom of thestairs. looking round for
a burglar. It was then that I 11) was seeing/saw that the 'buralar' 12)
was/had been my little brother, who 13) was getting/had got upto ge t a
glass of water. ~

• _.
TECHNIQUES TO BEGIN YOUR STORY
An interesting beginning is as important as an interesting end ing. An interesting
beginning will catch the reader's attention and make him/her want to continue
reading. A good ending will make him/her feel satisfied.
You can START your story by:
a) using your senses to set the scene and describe the weather, atmosphere,
s.uIToundings or people's actions to create mystery or suspense.
e.g. f couldhear thewind howling around me. ft was quite dark that night
andit feft strange to be out In the wilderness allalone.
b) using direct speech. e.g. M AAvays look on the bright side of life, k{ds ~, Mr
Frisbain used to ref{ us.
c) asking a rhetorical question. i.e. a question that does not require an
answer. e.g. Have you ever travelled by train on a warm summer niglrt?
d) addressing the reader directly. e.g. f am sure you allknow what a batl;afJ is.
e) referring to your feelings or moods. e.g. I was exhausted because I rea
been painting waJ~ allday.
 UnillO firsl-Derson Norrolives

r- 1tCIlNlQUES1O END VOUIl S10IlY

/ " YOUcan END your story by:
b) \\1tieh techniques have been
used in each beginning and
ending?
a) using direct speech. e.g. 7hankyou, sir,~ the boysaid to me. e) Write a suitable beginning
b) referring to your feelings or moods. e.g. We were shivering but we were and ending for a story with
happy to have mad. it.
the title "M)' Worst Day".
c) asking a rhetorical question. e.g. 'Why did f have to suffer so much?~
d) describing people's reactionsto/feelings aboutthe events developed
in the main body. e.g. Mybrother had become the hero of the day and I 9 a) Read the beginnings. Which
was ext!emfJ1f proud. one do )'OU think is the least
interesting? WIt)'?

8 a) .\Iatch the beginnings to their endings. 1 As I sat down at my deskandstared

at the pile of revision notes, all I
could think was, "Why me?"
2 It was a warm, sunny morning and I
woke up to the sound of the phone
1 It was a coot Aug~st night. All was quiet and peaceful in my house as m
pa:ents and two esters were sleeping in their rooms. I was lying in
trying to fall asleep. '
bed ringing. Thevoice on the other end
of the line simply said, "Juan, it's
me. Meet me on the corner in half
. J e and I were packing for our trip to an hour."
2 It was a treezin.g cold mlorn~ng'lat~~~~at afternoon. "I can't wait to enjoy the
Bermuda. Our flight was eavmq 3 I'm sure you all knowwhat it's like
hot and sunny weather," said Joanne. when you have to sit an exam that
you haven't studied for. Well, last
3 t ggie
an~ I had been bored all day atschool. As we wandered home we decided
o sneak Into the old abandoned house atthe edge of the forest Althou hour
May I was getting ready to ...
4 One day I went to school. On the
pare~s had told us never to go in there, we COUldn't resist the te~ptationg I am
sure at you wouldhave done the same if you had seen this house. . way, I crashed my bike into a tree.
The bike was badly damaged ...
5 I was really tired and was looking
, fo rward to a good night's sleep.
Suddenly, I heard a strange sound
coming from the garden.
A ~el~eved ~o be back home, I lit the flra While Joanne unpacked our things We
at realeeo how lucky we had been. Wnhout having to sa anythin .
under,stood what the other was thinking. There's no place like h~me don~t yW
agree , ' OU' h) which of the above
beginnings:

usc(s) the senses 0 C

uses(s) direct speech 0 C
address(es) the reader directly 0 C
refer(s) to feelings or moods 0 C
C Back in my room, I leI! confused and exhausted. , wasn't sure jf it was a
~~~~~~:~~n~~'~f~~~uaih~ ~h~ny~~,~.d been trying to fal!asleep. "' must have c) Rewrite the least interesting
introduction using any of
the techniques mentioned.
64
 Unlf 10 firsl-oerson Horrolires

10 a) Read the rubric and underline the key words, then answer the
questions.
A popular magazine is holding a short story competition and you
have decided to enter. Your story must end withthe words "It was the
best day of my life. ~ Write your story.
1 Who is going to read your story?
., Who is the story going to be about?
3 What should your story be about?
A a disastrous incident you'll never forget
B your weekly routine at work
C a day with an unexpectedly good ending

b) Look at the pictures, then read the plot line and put the
sentences into the correct order.
A woman stopped me. I helped her change the tyre.
I waved goodbye and left. She got me a front-row seat.
- I arrived too late for the concert. I was driving to a concert.
I saw the woman I had helped at After the concert I met the band.
the entrance of the concert hall. She was the band's manager.

c) Lookat the pictures and use

the plot line to complete the
sentences below. Then. retell
the story in yourown words.

• One night last year, I was on my \vay

to see my favourite rock band.
• Suddenly, .

• The woman thanked me, then got in

her car and drove away.
• I .

• When I arrived at the concert hall.

the doors were closed.
• I was about to leave when I saw ....

• When it fi nished, the woman took

me backstage to meet .

11 Read the rubric in Ex. 10again

then write your storyin 110·180
words. Use your answers From
Ex. 10to help you. You can use
the story in Ex. 3b as a model,
 UNIT 11 Third-person Norrotives
l1li 1 The pictures below are from a story about a n embarrassing incident. Try to J ;

put them in the correct order, then listen to the cassette and check your
answers. Finally, look at the pictures and retell the story using the words!
phrases in the list.
late, rushed; ina hurry, relieved, slight delay, embarrassed

Third-person narratives are written in the third person (he/she/they/elc) and are real or Introduction
imaginary stories about another person or other people. Like a first-person narrative, a •••••••••••••••••
third-person narrativeshould consist of: Parag raph 1
a) an introduction inwhich you set thescene (who was involved, time, place, etc) inan
interesting way to help the reader imagine the scene and want to continue reading; Set the scene
b) a main bod y consisting of two or more paragraphs in which you develop your {who - w here whe n-
story presenting theevents in the order that they happened; and what)
c) a conclusion in which you say what happened at the end and refer to people's
feelings, final comments or reactions. Main Body
• ••••••••••••••••
Paragraphs 2 - 4
2 Read the rubric and underline the key words, then answer the questions.
Develop the story
A popular magazine has announced a short story competition. The story must detailed description of the
begin withthe words: ~Are you sure it's safe?" Josh asked his friend. Write your events in the order they
story for the competition. happened

I Who is going to read your story? Conclusion

•••••••••••••••••
2 Which of the following character(s) shouldyour storybe about? Final Paragraph
A you and your friend, Josh B a man/boy called Josh and his friend
end of story,
3 What should your story be about?
fee lings, comments and
A Josh's parents 8 anaccident that happened to Josh and hisfriend reactions
C Josh's autobiography
4 What should the first sentence of your story be?
66
 Unilll Third-personNorrolileS

3 a) Look at the picture and answer the questions.

1 Where were Josh and his friend Marty?

A By a lake. B On a mountain.
~ What did they want to get across?
A A river. B A mountain.
.3 How did theyreach the other side?
A By climbing a fence. B Bywalking across a rope bridge.
4 What happened when Josh began to walk on the bridge?
A One of the ropes snapped. B The wind started blowing strongly.
~ How do you think he felt? "
A Scared. B Relieved.
6 What do you think happened to him in the end?
A Marty helped him get across. B He fell in the river.

b) Read the story and find out what happened to Josh in the end.
Then, label the paragraphs with the headings below. Finally,
number the events in the plot line in the order they happened.
• end of story, feelings and commellts • sellingthe scene
• development ofstory

"Are you sure it's safe?" Josh asked his friend Marty, Para 1
who was just about to step onto the little rope bridge. ......................
.§
~
Josh looked down at the river far beneath them and ......................
~ swallowed hard. Unfortunately, it was the only way to ......................
~ reach the other side, so he knew they had to get across
before it began to get dark.
"Look, it's as safe as houses." said Marty confidently Para 2-3
as he put his foot onto the bridge. Once Marty was safely ......................
on the other side. Josh began to cross. The little bridge .................
creaked under his weight, making him even more nervous ...................... [AIl] One of the ropes snapped.
than he already was. He was almost half way across the ......................
~
- bridge when suddenly one of the ropes snapped. ......................
[jilJ Marty grabbed Josh.
~ Joshstarted to cross the ropebridge.
.'"
0

Josh screamed as the bridge fell toone side, leavinghim ......................

~

=
...................... [QL} Marty crossed thebridge safely.
hanging over the fast-flowing river far below his feet.
Terrified, he clung to the other rope. "Keep calm! Hold onl"
......................
...............
rn:o Joshclung to the other rope.
Marty called tohim. Josh looked across towherehis friend [![] Marty and Josh walked awav from
................. the bridge. •
stood. Slowly, hand over hand, Josh moved carefully along
the rope until he was close enough for Marty to grab him. (TI[J Josh moved carefully along the
Safely on the other side, Josh lay panting on the Para 4 rope.
ground. He felt exhausted, but he was glad to be alive. ......................
= Marty asked him if he feft he could go on. "Yes, I'm ...................... c) Choose the best title for the
.~
okay," he replied bravely. "We'd better go. It will be dark ...................... story.
"=
u• soon". They both set off, leaving the bridge and the
terrifying incident behind them.
a An Underwater Adventure
b An Accident in the Air
,.. c A Nasty Experience
-"''''- 67
 Unil ll Ihird-person Norrolives

WRmNG TECHNIQUES 5 Complete the sentences with

verbs from the list, as in the
To make your narrativemore interesting 10 the reader, you should:
example.
• use a variety of adjectives or adverbs, such as imaginative, wonderful,
cautiously, etc instead of simplistic ones such as nice, good, well, etc. wondered, threatened, promised,
e.g. Insteadof: John is a good boy with nice ideas. admitted, screamed, reminded
you can write: John Is a great boy with wonderlul ideas,
• Use a variety of verbs such as wondered, screamed, whispered, etc to "Who sent me these beautiful
avoid using "said" all thetime. flowers?" Anne wondered, as she
e,g. Instead of: "Helpl- he said. opened the small card attached to
you can write: -Helpr he screamed.
the bouquet.
• Use similes i.e. expressions which describe people or things by comparing
2 "Of course I'll help you paint the
them to someone or something else.
e.g. She ran like the wind. He was as quIetas a mouse. cabin," Carl , ", his
• Use present or pastparticiples to join two simple sentences into onelonger,
sister when she called.
more sophisticatedsentence, 3 "Now, don't forge t to pick up the
e.g. Instead of: He turned on the light He saw someone in the room. tickets from the travel agents,"
you can write: TurnIng on the light, he saw someone in the room. Susan Bob.
Instead of: She was relieved. She left the police station. 4 "Run, Terry! Run faster!" Tom
you can write: Relieved, she leftthe police station.
. as the lion leapt
overthe rock.
4 a) The following adjectives or adverbs can he used instead of other S "If you tell anybodywhat happened.
simplistic ones. Put them in the correct box, as in the example. I'll come afteryou," the man .
. Dave and Ben before
slight, great, ev~ highly, happily, massive, delightful, extremely, successfully, he drove away.
horrible, miniature, tiny, remarkably, gigantic, satisfactorily, absolutely, 6 "Yes, I took the disc but I had no
fabulolls. pleasant, huge. terrific, terrible, wicked, enonnous, attractive choice!" Mr Perry .
to Rachel when she saw it lying on
BIG his desk.
S~!AL L slight
q 6 a) Match Column A to Column
BAD B to complete the similes, as
GOOD/NICE in the examples.
VERY Column A Column B
WELL 1 as white as A a leaf
2 to swim lik~ 8 a baby
3 to cry like C a sheet
b) Replace the words in the extract belowwith suitable ones from the 4 to run like
boxes above. D a bee
5 as black as
E night
Melissa stepped out into the fresh and I ) nice April morning. Her 2) good 6 to shake like
7 as fresh as F an ox
mood brightened her 3) nice face as she walked 4) well to her newworkplace.
8 as strongas G a fish
Upon reaching the 5) big skyscraper, she looked up and felt 6) small. As she
entered the building, she was nervousbut 7) very excited. This jobwas a dream 9 as busy as H a daisy
come true for her. 10 to have a I a steve
memory like J the wind
3 . 5 .. 7 ..
, 4 6 e.g. 1 = C
68
 Unllll Third-nersonHorrolives

b) Use similes to complete the sentences, as in the example. I'm really

lookingforward to
Grace dived in the sea and started swimming. She was a very good my holiday!
swimmer. She swam like a fish .
2 It was night inside the cave. Jeff looked for
his torch.
3 She cried like when she heard the
bad news.
-I The children were bees helping their
parents prepare the garden for the party.
5 Sally was soscared that she was shaking like .

7 a) Fill the correct synonymor antonym from the list. Can you think
or any others to add to the table'!

bored, excited, worried, scared, sure, angry, depressed

thrilled 1) . disappointed
anxious 2) . relaxed
miserable 3) . glad e.g. 1 She was relieved because it was
unsure uncertain 4) . all ora.
entertained amused 5) .
frightened 6) . unafraid 8 a) Fill in the gaps with the
annoyed 7) . calm correct adjective or adverb
from the lists.
eagerly, beautiful, colowful,
b) Match the adjectives (1·6) to the feelings ofthe speakers (A-F).
golden
Then, makesentences in the past simple, as in the example.

1 relieved [!] 3 worried o 5 confused

o
2 amazed o 4 amused o 6 excited
o A I could see the 1)
sunlight streaming through the
·· ·

2) hedroom
curtains and I knew it was going
tohe a3) ·······················
summer'sday. I laythere feeling
sleepy for a moment until I
suddenly remembered what day
it was. 4) .
I jumped out of bed and got
dressed. I was ready for my
adventure to begin.
 Unilll Ihird-personNorrollves

wonderful, wann, unbelievable, extremely 11 a) The following paragraphs

~
are from a story about a

8tfelt ~" ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' : ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ~'~~~f~;::b~:~~::~~~~ti~t~e~~:
1)
journey, Put them in the
correct order, then answer
;L;~~h~·i·;d·~·~·~·~~~i~·.· ·Fiii~d·~;~·h ·; ~i;~f that it was finally over, ~ tried to the questions.
put theday's 3) : events out ofmy mind.Who
would have guessedthata day with such a4) " .
! [AD A helpful air steward helped
Sharon intothe icy water. Sharon was I
beginning couldhave turned into such a nightmare?
L- -~~-------"-- ~---.- '-- I· frightened
b) Answer the question s.
I because she knew the
nightmare was not over yet. She
I started swimming towards the lights I
I Which part of a story is eachparagraph from?
I on the shore w ith all her strength. I
2 How docs the writer feel in each paragraph? i D!LJ Horrlftec, Sharon realised that I'
the plane was going to cras h.
Passengers were screaming and
9 Underline the correct adverb. shouting. Sharon put her head
t between her knees to protect herself. I
I Ellen screamed angrily/politely at the bus driver to move out of her way.
2 Billy spoke rudely/casually to the headmaster, so he was suspended from
school for a week.
3 The thief crept noisily/silently through the house, hoping that no one I There was a deafening noise as the '
plane crash-landed in the sea.
[!lJ She grabbed her lite jacket I
J

would hear him.

4 The young man's hands shook nervously/confidently as the policeman I from under her seat and pulled it over (
her head. The inside of the plane was
dark but she managed to follow the

--
asked to see his driving licence.
S Before the plane took off, the passengers chatted excitedly/miserably floor lights to theexit. I
,..,-
" __ , " O u
about their holidays.
6 James calmly/hurriedly grabbed his sandwich box, kissed his mum
goodbye and ran to the school buswhich was already waiting outside. 1 Who is the main character of the
story? Where is he/she?
2 What is happening?
10 Join the sentences using present or past participles. 3 How is he/she feeling?
I He closed the door. He heard someone screaming. 4 Which part of the story are the
Closing the door, he heard someone screaming. paragraphs from?
2 Shewas worried. She decided to call the local hospital.
Worned, she decided to callthe local hospital. b) Choose appropriate phrases
3 He fell to his knees. He startedcrying. from below towrite the
conclusion ofthe story,
4 Theywere whispering. They walked up the stairs.
• shivering with cold
5 He was frightened. He realised no one ",'Quid help him . • relaxed and calm
• dance the night away
6 He stood at the edge of the cliff. He watched the magnificent sunset. • crawl onto the beach
• reach the end of the tunnel
7 Shewas covered with a warm blanket. She fina lly feltsafe. • exhausted but relieved
• one of the happiest days in his/her
8 Shewas annoyed. She gathered her things and left the room. life
• terrifying experience
70
 Unilll Third-personNorratives

12 a) Read the beginn ings (l . 3) and match them with the correct
endings (3 • c). Which pair doyou consider to be the worst? Why?

]I] Tina and her brother watched in horror as the water rose higher and
higher around them."Don'tworryl I'll think of something," saidTina's
brothernervously.
]I] I'm sure you all knowwhal it feels like to fi nally reach the end of a
journey, hungry and tired. onlyto find that nobody iswaiting foryou.
]I] Joe suggested that he and his friends go camping for the weekend. 10 How do you think they fel t?
It seemed like a good idea. II What do you think they said to the
captain?
a As I waited for the taxi driver, I looked around meone last time, hoping
to sec a familiar face. "Where is everyone'! " I wondered. b) Read the notes below and
b As the rescue worker helped them off the roof and into the boat, he put the events in the order
said, "Thai was smart thinking on your part, son," they happened. Look at the
e The next morning. they took down their tents and went back home. pictures, then use the notes
and Jour answers from Ex.
13a to retell the story.
b) Which writing techniques (if any) han been used in each one?

13
Rewrite the worst pair using suitable writing techniques.

a) Look at the pictures and answerthe questions.

-\S
[A[] late afternoo n- de cide leave -
Look, start cro55ing rocks - realise -
Daddy! This is a great sea too far in - trapped
spot to spend the day. m Mother. "lt's like pa radise]" -
pa rents sunbathe - children
play and swim
m boat arrives harbour- incredibly
relieved - thank captain
[QIJ hot sunny day - Ha rdy fam ily -
trip to seaside - find dese rted
What time of year was it? 3 What were the people doing? bea ch
.2 Who do you think the people in
the picture were'!
4 Do you think they were having a
good time?
m see small tourist boat passing
You're lucky by - wave arms - boat pick
them up
I was passing byand
saw you. -
14 Read the rubric and underline
the key words. Then, write your
essay. Use your answers to Ex.
Oh, my
13 to help you. You can use the
goodness! The tide
story in Ex. 3b as a model.
iscoming in!
Your teacher has asked you to
5 What time do you think it was? 9 Who found them? write a story which must end
6 What happened? with the words: "They decided to
7 Do you thinktheywere in danger? be more careful next time. ~ Write
8 Howdo you think they fel t? your story (120 -180 words).
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