308 STRUCTURAL ANALYsIs-4

7. Isolate lal" lal' (ol, - lol lal' lal,

8. Get (P) fhom IP) - (b) (F) and (PV= (P) - (P
IPV are the final member forces.
IP are also the support moments at all joints.
Example 417 Analyse the continuous beam in Fig. 4.29 by flexibility method
16 kN
16 kN/m
5m
B

EÊ-3 EJ = 1

10 m
10m

Fig. 4.29
Solution The structure has 2 degrees of
Step 1. The primary structure is redundancy.
The moments at Aand B are chosen as below, by introducing hinges at A and
thus redundants. ; i

F ,0,

A
B
Please note that FOis a pair of
this case). momentsmalking a bending moment (sagging BM in
Step 2. The (P} system is as under is33

Element co-ordinates
Step 3. The (F) system is in 2
P* is primarily made up of the parts. (F}* and (F°.
opposites of ixed end effects of the lateral loads on AB and
moments. BC.These are

System co-ordinates
 MATRIX FLEXIBILITY METHOD 309

Table 4.1

SPAN FEM Name of moment Equivalent

joint loads

- w2
=-133.3 133.3
AB 12 MB
+ wl' - 133.3
= 133.3
12 M¡A
-W 20.0
=-20.0
BC Mpc
W - 20.0
= 20.0
McB
is a fixed
Among the equivalent joint loads, the moment M, can be ignored since A moments
co-ordinate 1, the
end. The momentwill not get transmitted tothe span. At system
kNm.
on BA and BC will combine to give -113.3
Hence, F*=-113.3
F,* - 20.0
4 steps
The [b]matrix is generated by introducing F,*= 1, F,* = 1, F,0= 1 and F0= 1 in
and fnding P,, P, P, and P
[o 01 01
00:0 -1
Hence, [b] = 1 0:0
0 1:0
[b]0
The assembled element flexibility matrix [a] is:
10
18
[La], [0]] 0 0
[a] =
0

2 -1 0
10-1 2 0
18 0 0 6 -3
0 -3 6
a = [b] [] [b]

1
[a] 60
 310 sTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-4

2-1 0
0 0 0] 10-1 2 0|0 -1|
0 -1 1 0 18 6-3 0 1
0 -3 6|0 0|
10 2 1]
18| 1 8|
8 -1
laoo' =0.12
-1 2
la.]=[b,1T [a b.]
2 -1 0 0|0 01
0 0 O10-1 2 0 0 0

|0 -1 1 0|18 6 -3 10
0 -3 6||0 1
10f o
18+6 -3
(F}° =- [a, lag.] (F*
=-0.12
8 -1| 10 0 01(-113.3)
-1 2| 18+6 -3|| -20.0
-41.3)
(F}° = 82.7
{F}" = (- 113.3 20 -41.3 82.7]
The element forces {P) are given by {P} = [b] (F}

fo 01 0][-113.3] -413)
00 0 -1 - 20.0 -82.7
10 0 1 -413 -30.6|
|0 1 0 0 82.7| |-20.0
The final forces (P are given by (PV= (P)- (P", where (P}° is the vector of equivalent
joint forces
(-413) 133.3) -174.6)
-82.7 133.3 50.6
(PV=
-30.6| 20
-20.0 - 20
FreeBM:
w? 16 x 100
in span AB = 8
= 200 kNm

WI 16x 10
Mm BC= = 40 kNm
max in span 4 4
 MATRIX FLEXIBILITY METHOD 311

200
174.6

50.6 40

C
B
Bending moment diagram
reactions at B and
Bample4I8 Analyse the beam in the previous example by treating the
Cas redundants. Obtain the support moments.
The structure is statically in determinate by 2 degrees. By treating the support
reactions Rg and R,as redundants and removing them, the primary structure is
shown below.
16 kN
-16 kN/m 5m
5m
El=3 B El=1
10 m
Primary structure
Fig. 4.30
16x102 133.33 kNm
MyAB = 12 12
w2 16x102 =133.33kNm
MyBA 12 12
wl 16x 10 =-20 kNm
Mygc = 8
wl 16x10 =20kNm
= +
MpcB
20
133.33 Fixed endmoments
C
133.33 A B
System c0-ordinates

F, = 20 KNm
F, =113.33 kNm
Element co-ordinates