2015 FORMAT – UNIT 9: PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs
from that of the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. plant B. change C. way D. face
Question 2. A. focus B. process C. cancer D. center

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in
the position of stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. effort B. advice C. nature D. impact
Question 4. A. animal B. habitat C. vehicle D. importance

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
Question 5. I ______ a wide range of environmental issues such as global warming, deforestation and
pollution so far.
A. find B. have found C. found D. am finding
Question 6. They are doing a research on rare animals in this national park, ______?
A. are they B. weren't they C. didn't they D. aren't they
Question 7. It seems that people become ______ about the environment than they were in the past
A. more concerned B. the more concerned C. concerned D. the most concerned
Question 8. The environmentalists have recommended ______ electric vehicles or public transport to reduce
gas emission.
A. to use B. to using C. use D. using
Question 9. During Earth Hour, communities worldwide ______ lights and raise awareness about energy
conservation and environmental protection.
A. turn off B. put off C. turn on D. turn up

Read the following advertisement/school announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 10 to 15.
DHS GO GREEN CLUB
Needs volunteer
Are you passionate about making a positive impact (10)______ the world?
Be (11)______ enthusiastic volunteer to join us in our mission.
Benefits of Volunteering with Us:
✨ Receive training and support from experienced team members
✨ (12)______ positive change in your community and beyond
Contact information:
Email: [email protected]
Address: 143 Wood Street, Cevelia

Question 10. A. in B. on C. at D. for

Question 11. A. a B. an C. the D. Ø (no article)
Question 12. A. Creative B. Creatively C. Create D. Creation

ANNOUNCEMENT OF SCHOOL GREEN SUNDAY MOVEMENT

- The School Youth Union would like to announce:
The Green Sunday Movement (13)______ on May 21st, to promote environmental awareness
From tree planting to beach clean-ups, there will be something for everyone to get involved
in.
(14)______ you participate in the Green Sunday Movement on May 21st, you will have the
chance to engage in various eco-friendly activities.
Join us on May 21st to show your (15)______ to protecting our planet and creating a
greener, healthier future for all. Together, we can make a difference!
*** For more information, please contact your monitor.

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Question 13. A. is launched B. launched C. launches D. have launched
Question 14. A. Had B. Should C. Were D. Do
Question 15. A. passion B. interest C. commitment D. resistance

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to
make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.
Question 16.
a. Environmental protection also mitigates the impact of climate change, reducing the risk of extreme
weather events and natural disasters.
b. Protecting the environment is essential for safeguarding the health and well-being of both present and
future generations.
c. Additionally, conserving natural habitats supports wildlife and promotes ecological balance.
d. Finally, protecting the environment is crucial for sustaining life on Earth and fostering a healthy, thriving
planet for all.
e. Firstly, by preserving ecosystems and biodiversity, we ensure the availability of clean air, water, and
fertile soil for human survival.
A. b-e-a-c-d B. b-a-e-d-c C. e-a-c-b-d D. b-c-a-e-d
Question 17.
a. In addition, I propose organizing regular environmental awareness events, such as Earth Day celebrations,
guest lectures by environmental experts.
b. Firstly, I propose the establishment of a student-led environmental club, where students can actively
participate in initiatives like tree planting.
c. Dear Mr. John, I am writing to propose a solution to address the issue of protecting the surrounding
environment.
d. I believe that by implementing these measures, our school can contribute to the protection of the
surrounding environment.
e. Another solution I would recommend is incorporating environmental education into the school
curriculum.
f. Sincerely,
A. c-e-a-b-d-f B. c-b-e-a-d-f C. c-a-d-e-b-f D. c-d-a-e-b-f

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks from 18 to 23.
Endangered animals face a grave threat to their survival due to various factors, including habitat loss,
poaching, climate change, and pollution. (18)______, many species are losing their homes and struggling to
find adequate food and shelter. Poaching, driven by demand for exotic pets, traditional medicines, and
luxury goods, has pushed numerous species to the brink of extinction. (19)______. Additionally, climate
change is altering ecosystems and disrupting the delicate balance upon which many species depend for
survival. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events pose significant
challenges to vulnerable species already facing (20)______ loss and fragmentation. Pollution, from sources
such as industrial runoff, agricultural chemicals, and plastic waste, further threatens the health and well-
being of endangered animals, contaminating waterways and (21)______. Despite efforts to protect
endangered species through conservation measures and legislation, many continue to face an uncertain
future. Urgent action is needed to address (22)______ and implement effective strategies to protect and
preserve biodiversity. By raising awareness, supporting conservation initiatives, and advocating for stronger
environmental policies, we can work together to safeguard the future of endangered animals and (23)______
to come.
Question 18.
A. As human activities continue to encroach upon natural habitats
B. Continue to encroach upon natural habitats
C. To continue to encroach upon natural habitats
D. Having continued to encroach upon natural habitats
Question 19.
A. This makes it imperative to take decisive action to protect these vulnerable species.
B. Which makes it imperative to take decisive action to protect these vulnerable species.

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 C. Making it imperative to take decisive action to protect these vulnerable species.
D. What makes it imperative to take decisive action to protect these vulnerable species.
Question 20. A. this habitat B. their habitat C. our habitat D. its habitat
Question 21.
A. poisoning food sources B. to poisoning food sources.
C. poison food resources. D. to poison food sources.
Question 22.
A. endangerment of the root causes B. of endangerment of the root causes
C. the root causes of endangerment D. the root of endangerment causes
Question 23.
A. ensure their survival for generations
B. their survival for generations ensures
C. we are ensured their survival for generations
D. to ensure their survival for generations

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 24 to 28.
Deforestation has devastating consequences on the environment, affecting ecosystems, biodiversity,
and climate patterns. The removal of trees and vegetation (24)______ the balance of ecosystems, leading to
habitat loss and fragmentation for countless species. As forests are cleared for agriculture, urbanization, and
resource extraction, biodiversity declines with (25)______ species facing extinction due to loss of habitat.
Moreover, deforestation contributes to climate change by releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere, a major greenhouse gas. Additionally, forests play a crucial role in regulating local and global
climate patterns, with deforestation disrupting rainfall patterns, increasing the (26)______ of droughts, and
exacerbating the severity of floods. The loss of forests also impacts soil erosion, water quality, and the
livelihoods of millions of people (27)______ depend on forests for food, shelter, and income. (28)______ ,
addressing deforestation is essential for preserving biodiversity, mitigating climate change, and safeguarding
the health and well-being of both ecosystems and communities worldwide.
(Adapted from Global Success)
Question 24. A. erupts B. disrupts C. corrupt D. irrupt
Question 25. A. many B. much C. a little D. each
Question 26. A. frequency B. magnitude C. intensity D. occurrence
Question 27. A. which B. whom C. whose D. who
Question 28. A. So B. But C. An D. Or

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 29 to 33.
Environmental problems stem from a variety of interconnected causes, with human activities playing
a significant role in exacerbating these issues. One primary cause is industrialization and urbanization, which
drive economic growth but also result in increased pollution and habitat destruction. Industrial processes
release harmful chemicals and pollutants into the air, water, and soil, leading to contamination and health
risks for both humans and wildlife. Urbanization leads to the expansion of cities and infrastructure, often at
the expense of natural habitats and biodiversity.
Another major cause of environmental problems is deforestation, primarily driven by agriculture,
logging, and urban expansion. Deforestation results in the loss of crucial forest ecosystems, leading to
habitat destruction, loss of biodiversity, and disruptions to the carbon cycle. Additionally, it contributes to
climate change by releasing stored carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and reducing the planet's capacity to
absorb greenhouse gases.

Furthermore, the reliance on fossil fuels for energy production is a significant contributor to
environmental problems. The burning of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and
methane, leading to global warming, climate change, and extreme weather events. In addition to climate
impacts, fossil fuel extraction and combustion also result in air and water pollution, posing health risks to
communities and ecosystems.

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 Overall, addressing environmental problems requires collective action to reduce human impacts,
promote sustainable development practices, and protect natural ecosystems for the well-being of both current
and future generations.
Question 29. What would be the most suitable title for the text?
A. The Impact of Deforestation on the Environment
B. Human Activities and Environmental Problems
C. Industrialization: A Double-Edged Sword for the Environment
D. Addressing Climate Change Through Sustainable Practices
Question 30. What does the word stem in the passage mostly mean?
A. exacerbating B. contribute C. drive D. result
Question 31. What does the word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. deforestation B. habitat destruction C. biodiversity D. major cause
Question 32. What role do fossil fuels play in environmental problems?
A. They reduce greenhouse gas emissions
B. They promote biodiversity
C. They contribute to global warming and climate change
D. They enhance soil fertility
Question 33. Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as a cause of environmental problems in the
text?
A. Industrialization B. Urbanization
C. Renewable energy sources D. Fossil fuel combustion

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40.
Preserving the environment in Vietnam is critical for maintaining the country's rich biodiversity and
ensuring the well-being of its people. Vietnam's diverse landscapes, including lush forests, expansive
wetlands, and pristine coastlines, are home to a vast array of plant and animal species. However, rapid
economic development, urbanization, and industrialization have led to environmental degradation, including
deforestation, habitat loss, and pollution.
To address these challenges, Vietnam has implemented various conservation initiatives. The
government has established protected areas, such as national parks and nature reserves, to safeguard
important ecosystems and biodiversity hotspots. Additionally, efforts are underway to promote sustainable
land use practices, including reforestation and sustainable agriculture, to restore degraded habitats and
mitigate the impacts of deforestation.
In addition to terrestrial conservation, Vietnam is also focused on marine preservation. With its
extensive coastline and diverse marine ecosystems, Vietnam has implemented marine protected areas and
coral reef conservation projects to protect fragile marine habitats and support sustainable fisheries
management.
Community involvement is crucial to the success of environmental preservation efforts in Vietnam.
Community-based conservation projects engage local communities in natural resource management and
environmental education, empowering them to take ownership of their environment and adopt sustainable
practices.
Despite these efforts, Vietnam faces ongoing challenges, including illegal wildlife trade, water
pollution, and climate change impacts. Continued collaboration between government agencies, non-
governmental organizations, and local communities is essential to address these challenges and ensure the
long-term sustainability of Vietnam's environment.
In conclusion, preserving the environment in Vietnam requires a comprehensive approach that
involves protecting and restoring ecosystems, promoting sustainable practices, and engaging local
communities. By safeguarding Vietnam's natural heritage, we can ensure a healthy environment for current
and future generations.
Question 34. What is the most suitable title for the text?
A. "Challenges of Environmental Preservation in Vietnam"
B. "Vietnam's Environmental Conservation Efforts"
C. "Biodiversity Preservation in Vietnam"
D. "Environmental Sustainability in Vietnam: Current Initiatives and Challenges"

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Question 35. Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as a conservation measure in Vietnam?
A. Establishment of protected areas
B. Promotion of sustainable land use practices
C. Implementation of renewable energy projects
D. Engagement of local communities in conservation efforts
Question 36. The word "degraded" in paragraph 2 is opposite in meaning to:
A. improved B. damaged C. destroyed D. harmed
Question 37. What is emphasized as crucial for the success of environmental preservation efforts in
Vietnam?
A. Industrialization B. Urbanization
C. Community involvement D. Government regulations
Question 38. The word "engage" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to:
A. avoid B. involve C. ignore D. disconnect
Question 39. The word that in paragraph 6 refers to ______.
A. conclusion B. environment C. Vietnam D. approach
Question 40. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. Vietnam's environmental conservation efforts are ineffective.
B. Vietnam's biodiversity is not at risk.
C. Vietnam is not taking any measures to address environmental challenges.
D. Vietnam is actively involved in preserving its natural resources.

------ THE END ------

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 ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT
2015 FORMAT – UNIT 9: PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs
from that of the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. plant /plɑ:nt/ B. change /tʃeindʤ/ C. way /wei/ D. face /feis/
Question 2. A. focus /'foukəs/ B. process /ˈprəʊ.ses/ C. cancer /'kænsə/ D. center /'sentə/

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in
the position of stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. ‘effort B. ad’vice C. ‘nature D. ‘impact
Question 4. A. ‘animal B. ‘habitat C. ‘vehicle D. im’portance

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
Question 5. I ______ a wide range of environmental issues such as global warming, deforestation and
pollution so far.
A. find B. have found C. found D. am finding
Dấu hiệu so far.dùng thì HTHT
Question 6. They are doing a research on rare animals in this national park, ______?
A. are they B. weren't they C. didn't they D. aren't they
Câu hỏi đuôi They are  aren’t they
Question 7. It seems that people become ______ about the environment than they were in the past
A. more concerned B. the more concerned C. concerned D. the most concerned
Có than: So sánh hơn
Question 8. The environmentalists have recommended ______ electric vehicles or public transport to reduce
gas emission.
A. to use B. to using C. use D. using
Cấu trúc recommend + V-ing: Khuyên việc gì
Phân biệt với recommend sb + to V: Khuyên ai làm gì
Question 9. During Earth Hour, communities worldwide ______ lights and raise awareness about energy
conservation and environmental protection.
A. turn off (tắt) B. put off (hoãn) C. turn on (bật) D. turn up (đến, xuất
hiện)
Trong Giờ trái đất, cộng đồng trên toàn thế giới tắt đèn và nâng cao nhận thức về tiết
kiệm năng lượng và bảo vệ môi trường.

Read the following advertisement/school announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 10 to 15.
DHS GO GREEN CLUB
Needs volunteer
Are you passionate about making a positive impact (10)______ the world?
Be (11)______ enthusiastic volunteer to join us in our mission.
Benefits of Volunteering with Us:
✨ Receive training and support from experienced team members
✨ (12)______ positive change in your community and beyond
Contact information:
Email: [email protected]
Address: 143 Wood Street, Cevelia

Question 10. A. in B. on C. at D. for

 Cấu trúc: have impact on st: Có ảnh hưởng lên cái gì
Question 11. A. a B. an C. the D. Ø (no article)
 Mạo từ a/an nói về nghề nghiệp, công việc của ai.
Question 12. A. Creative B. Creatively C. Create D. Creation
 Từ còn thiếu là 1 động từ theo cấu trúc tương đương
Page 6/12
 ANNOUNCEMENT OF SCHOOL GREEN SUNDAY MOVEMENT
- The School Youth Union would like to announce:
The Green Sunday Movement (13)______ on May 21st, to promote environmental awareness
From tree planting to beach clean-ups, there will be something for everyone to get involved
in.
(14)______ you participate in the Green Sunday Movement on May 21st, you will have the
chance to engage in various eco-friendly activities.
Join us on May 21st to show your (15)______ to protecting our planet and creating a
greener, healthier future for all. Together, we can make a difference!
*** For more information, please contact your monitor.
Question 13. A. is launched B. launched C. launches D. have launched
 Câu bị động: Chiến dịch được phát động
Question 14. A. Had B. Should C. Were D. Do
 Cấu trúc đảo của câu đk loại 1: Đảo should lên đầu thay cho if
Question 15. A. passion B. interest C. commitment D. resistance
Từ "commitment" ám chỉ sự quyết tâm và sự cam kết mạnh mẽ, trong khi các từ khác như "passion" (đam
mê), "interest" (sự quan tâm), và "resistance" (sự chống lại) không hoàn toàn phản ánh ý nghĩa của việc tham
gia và cam kết hành động bảo vệ môi trường.
"Hãy tham gia cùng chúng tôi vào ngày 21 tháng 5 để thể hiện cam kết của bạn trong
việc bảo vệ hành tinh của chúng ta và tạo ra một tương lai xanh, lành mạnh cho tất cả
mọi người. Cùng nhau, chúng ta có thể tạo ra sự khác biệt.”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to
make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.
Question 16.
a. Environmental protection also mitigates the impact of climate change, reducing the risk of extreme
weather events and natural disasters.
b. Protecting the environment is essential for safeguarding the health and well-being of both present and
future generations.
c. Additionally, conserving natural habitats supports wildlife and promotes ecological balance.
d. Finally, protecting the environment is crucial for sustaining life on Earth and fostering a healthy, thriving
planet for all.
e. Firstly, by preserving ecosystems and biodiversity, we ensure the availability of clean air, water, and
fertile soil for human survival.
A. b-e-a-c-d B. b-a-e-d-c C. e-a-c-b-d D. b-c-a-e-d
b: câu chủ đề giới thiệu chung về tầm quan trọng bảo vệ môi trường là câu xuất hiện đầu tiên
a: là lý do đầu tiên chứa từ Firstly: Xuất hiện thứ 2
d: Finnally: xuất hiện cuối cùng
Theo dấu hiệu này chúng ta chọn A

Question 17.
a. In addition, I propose organizing regular environmental awareness events, such as Earth Day celebrations,
guest lectures by environmental experts.
b. Firstly, I propose the establishment of a student-led environmental club, where students can actively
participate in initiatives like tree planting.
c. Dear Mr. John, I am writing to propose a solution to address the issue of protecting the surrounding
environment.
d. I believe that by implementing these measures, our school can contribute to the protection of the
surrounding environment.
e. Another solution I would recommend is incorporating environmental education into the school
curriculum.
f. Sincerely,
A. c-e-a-b-d-f B. c-b-e-a-d-f C. c-a-d-e-b-f D. c-d-a-e-b-f

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c: Phần đầu thư có Dear và nội dung lá thư là Đề xuất: Thứ tự 1
b: Có Firstly: Là đề xuất thứ nhất: Thứ tự 2
e: Another solution: Là đề xuất tiếp theo”: Thứ tự 3
a: In addition: Là đề xuất tiếp theo”: Thứ tự 4
d: Nêu mong muốn, hy vọng: Thứ tự 5
f: Kết thư: Thứ tự 6

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks from 18 to 23.
Endangered animals face a grave threat to their survival due to various factors, including habitat loss,
poaching, climate change, and pollution. (18)______, many species are losing their homes and struggling to
find adequate food and shelter. Poaching, driven by demand for exotic pets, traditional medicines, and
luxury goods, has pushed numerous species to the brink of extinction. (19)______. Additionally, climate
change is altering ecosystems and disrupting the delicate balance upon which many species depend for
survival. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events pose significant
challenges to vulnerable species already facing (20)______ loss and fragmentation. Pollution, from sources
such as industrial runoff, agricultural chemicals, and plastic waste, further threatens the health and well-
being of endangered animals, contaminating waterways and (21)______. Despite efforts to protect
endangered species through conservation measures and legislation, many continue to face an uncertain
future. Urgent action is needed to address (22)______ and implement effective strategies to protect and
preserve biodiversity. By raising awareness, supporting conservation initiatives, and advocating for stronger
environmental policies, we can work together to safeguard the future of endangered animals and (23)______
to come.
Question 18.
A. As human activities continue to encroach upon natural habitats
B. Continue to encroach upon natural habitats
C. To continue to encroach upon natural habitats
D. Having continued to encroach upon natural habitats
Câu văn thiếu 1 vế câu về nguyên nhân. Chỉ có A là nguyên nhân. D là rút gọn mệnh đề nhưng lại không phù
hợp về thời gian.
Question 19.
A. This makes it imperative to take decisive action to protect these vulnerable species.
B. Which makes it imperative to take decisive action to protect these vulnerable species.
C. Making it imperative to take decisive action to protect these vulnerable species.
D. What makes it imperative to take decisive action to protect these vulnerable species.
Thông tin cần điền là một câu văn hoàn chỉnh, trong 4 lựa chọn A, B, C, D chỉ có A là 1 câu văn hoàn chỉnh

Question 20. A. this habitat B. their habitat C. our habitat D. its habitat
Lựa chọn từ thay thế, các loài mất đi môi trường sống của chúng
Question 21.
A. poisoning food sources B. to poisoning food sources.
C. poison food resources. D. to poison food sources.
Câu liệt kê với cấu trúc tương đương là V-ing
Question 22.
A. endangerment of the root causes B. of endangerment of the root causes
C. the root causes of endangerment D. the root of endangerment causes
Chọn trật tự từ: xác định nguyên nhân gốc của nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
Question 23.
A. ensure their survival for generations
B. their survival for generations ensures
C. we are ensured their survival for generations
D. to ensure their survival for generations
Câu liệt kê với cấu trúc tương đương
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 24 to 28.

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 Deforestation has devastating consequences on the environment, affecting ecosystems, biodiversity,
and climate patterns. The removal of trees and vegetation (24)______ the balance of ecosystems, leading to
habitat loss and fragmentation for countless species. As forests are cleared for agriculture, urbanization, and
resource extraction, biodiversity declines with (25)______ species facing extinction due to loss of habitat.
Moreover, deforestation contributes to climate change by releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere, a major greenhouse gas. Additionally, forests play a crucial role in regulating local and global
climate patterns, with deforestation disrupting rainfall patterns, increasing the (26)______ of droughts, and
exacerbating the severity of floods. The loss of forests also impacts soil erosion, water quality, and the
livelihoods of millions of people (27)______ depend on forests for food, shelter, and income. (28)______ ,
addressing deforestation is essential for preserving biodiversity, mitigating climate change, and safeguarding
the health and well-being of both ecosystems and communities worldwide.
(Adapted from Global Success)
Question 24. A. erupts B. disrupts C. corrupt D. irrupt
Question 25. A. many B. much C. a little D. each
Question 26. A. frequency B. magnitude C. intensity D. occurrence
Question 27. A. which B. whom C. whose D. who
Question 28. A. So B. But C. An D. Or

Rừng phá hủy mang lại những hậu quả tàn khốc cho môi trường, ảnh hưởng đến hệ sinh thái, đa dạng sinh
học và mô hình khí hậu. Việc diệt rừng và cây cối gây ra sự mất cân bằng trong hệ sinh thái, dẫn đến mất
môi trường sống và phân mảnh cho vô số loài sinh vật. Khi rừng bị xóa sạch để làm nông nghiệp, đô thị hóa
và khai thác tài nguyên, sự đa dạng sinh học giảm sút với nhiều loài đối diện nguy cơ tuyệt chủng do mất
môi trường sống. Hơn nữa, rừng phá hủy góp phần vào biến đổi khí hậu bằng cách thải ra lượng lớn carbon
dioxide vào khí quyển, một loại khí nhà kính chính. Ngoài ra, rừng đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc điều
chỉnh mô hình khí hậu cục bộ và toàn cầu, với rừng phá hủy gây ra sự rối loạn trong mô hình mưa, tăng tần
suất của hạn hán, và làm trầm trọng thêm về mức độ của lũ lụt. Việc mất rừng cũng ảnh hưởng đến việc rửa
trôi đất, chất lượng nước và sinh kế của hàng triệu người mà phụ thuộc vào rừng để kiếm sống, tìm nơi ẩn
náu và thu nhập. Vì vậy, giải quyết vấn đề phá rừng là điều cần thiết để bảo tồn đa dạng sinh học, làm giảm
biến đổi khí hậu, và bảo vệ sức khỏe và phúc lợi của cả hệ sinh thái và cộng đồng trên toàn thế giới.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 29 to 33.
Environmental problems stem from a variety of interconnected causes, with human activities playing
a significant role in exacerbating these issues. One primary cause is industrialization and urbanization, which
drive economic growth but also result in increased pollution and habitat destruction. Industrial processes
release harmful chemicals and pollutants into the air, water, and soil, leading to contamination and health
risks for both humans and wildlife. Urbanization leads to the expansion of cities and infrastructure, often at
the expense of natural habitats and biodiversity.
Another major cause of environmental problems is deforestation, primarily driven by agriculture,
logging, and urban expansion. Deforestation results in the loss of crucial forest ecosystems, leading to
habitat destruction, loss of biodiversity, and disruptions to the carbon cycle. Additionally, it contributes to
climate change by releasing stored carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and reducing the planet's capacity to
absorb greenhouse gases.

Furthermore, the reliance on fossil fuels for energy production is a significant contributor to
environmental problems. The burning of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and
methane, leading to global warming, climate change, and extreme weather events. In addition to climate
impacts, fossil fuel extraction and combustion also result in air and water pollution, posing health risks to
communities and ecosystems.
Overall, addressing environmental problems requires collective action to reduce human impacts,
promote sustainable development practices, and protect natural ecosystems for the well-being of both current
and future generations.
Question 29. What would be the most suitable title for the text?
A. The Impact of Deforestation on the Environment
B. Human Activities and Environmental Problems

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 C. Industrialization: A Double-Edged Sword for the Environment
D. Addressing Climate Change Through Sustainable Practices
Question 30. What does the word stem in the passage mostly mean?
A. exacerbating B. contribute C. drive D. result
Question 31. What does the word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. deforestation B. habitat destruction C. biodiversity D. major cause
Question 32. What role do fossil fuels play in environmental problems?
A. They reduce greenhouse gas emissions
B. They promote biodiversity
C. They contribute to global warming and climate change
D. They enhance soil fertility
Question 33. Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as a cause of environmental problems in the
text?
A. Industrialization B. Urbanization
C. Renewable energy sources D. Fossil fuel combustion

Các vấn đề môi trường xuất phát từ một loạt các nguyên nhân tương tương liên kết,
với hoạt động của con người đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc làm trầm trọng thêm
những vấn đề này. Một nguyên nhân chính là quá trình công nghiệp hóa và đô thị hóa,
đẩy mạnh sự phát triển kinh tế nhưng cũng dẫn đến sự ô nhiễm và phá hủy môi
trường sống tăng lên. Các quá trình công nghiệp thải ra hóa chất độc hại và chất ô
nhiễm vào không khí, nước và đất, dẫn đến ô nhiễm và rủi ro sức khỏe cho cả con
người và động vật hoang dã. Đô thị hóa dẫn đến sự mở rộng của thành phố và cơ sở
hạ tầng, thường làm mất môi trường sống tự nhiên và đa dạng sinh học.

Một nguyên nhân chính khác của các vấn đề môi trường là phá rừng, chủ yếu do nông
nghiệp, khai thác gỗ và mở rộng đô thị. Phá rừng dẫn đến mất môi trường sống quan
trọng của hệ sinh thái rừng, gây ra phá hủy môi trường sống, mất đa dạng sinh học và
gây rối trong chu trình carbon. Ngoài ra, nó cũng đóng góp vào biến đổi khí hậu bằng
cách thải ra carbon dioxide đã được lưu trữ vào khí quyển và giảm khả năng hấp thụ
khí nhà kính của hành tinh.

Hơn nữa, sự phụ thuộc vào nhiên liệu hóa thạch cho sản xuất năng lượng là một
nguyên nhân quan trọng gây ra các vấn đề môi trường. Việc đốt cháy nhiên liệu hóa
thạch thải ra khí nhà kính như carbon dioxide và methane, dẫn đến ấm lên toàn cầu,
biến đổi khí hậu và các hiện tượng thời tiết cực đoan. Ngoài tác động về khí hậu, việc
khai thác và đốt cháy nhiên liệu hóa thạch cũng dẫn đến ô nhiễm không khí và nước,
đặt ra rủi ro về sức khỏe cho cộng đồng và hệ sinh thái.

Tổng thể, giải quyết các vấn đề môi trường đòi hỏi sự hành động tập thể để giảm các
ảnh hưởng của con người, thúc đẩy các phương thức phát triển bền vững và bảo vệ
các hệ sinh thái tự nhiên vì phúc lợi của cả thế hệ hiện tại và tương lai.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40.
Preserving the environment in Vietnam is critical for maintaining the country's rich biodiversity and
ensuring the well-being of its people. Vietnam's diverse landscapes, including lush forests, expansive
wetlands, and pristine coastlines, are home to a vast array of plant and animal species. However, rapid
economic development, urbanization, and industrialization have led to environmental degradation, including
deforestation, habitat loss, and pollution.
To address these challenges, Vietnam has implemented various conservation initiatives. The
government has established protected areas, such as national parks and nature reserves, to safeguard
important ecosystems and biodiversity hotspots. Additionally, efforts are underway to promote sustainable
land use practices, including reforestation and sustainable agriculture, to restore degraded habitats and
mitigate the impacts of deforestation.
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 In addition to terrestrial conservation, Vietnam is also focused on marine preservation. With its
extensive coastline and diverse marine ecosystems, Vietnam has implemented marine protected areas and
coral reef conservation projects to protect fragile marine habitats and support sustainable fisheries
management.
Community involvement is crucial to the success of environmental preservation efforts in Vietnam.
Community-based conservation projects engage local communities in natural resource management and
environmental education, empowering them to take ownership of their environment and adopt sustainable
practices.
Despite these efforts, Vietnam faces ongoing challenges, including illegal wildlife trade, water
pollution, and climate change impacts. Continued collaboration between government agencies, non-
governmental organizations, and local communities is essential to address these challenges and ensure the
long-term sustainability of Vietnam's environment.
In conclusion, preserving the environment in Vietnam requires a comprehensive approach that
involves protecting and restoring ecosystems, promoting sustainable practices, and engaging local
communities. By safeguarding Vietnam's natural heritage, we can ensure a healthy environment for current
and future generations.
Question 34. What is the most suitable title for the text?
A. "Challenges of Environmental Preservation in Vietnam"
B. "Vietnam's Environmental Conservation Efforts"
C. "Biodiversity Preservation in Vietnam"
D. "Environmental Sustainability in Vietnam: Current Initiatives and Challenges"
Question 35. Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as a conservation measure in Vietnam?
A. Establishment of protected areas
B. Promotion of sustainable land use practices
C. Implementation of renewable energy projects
D. Engagement of local communities in conservation efforts
Question 36. The word "degraded" in paragraph 2 is opposite in meaning to:
A. improved B. damaged C. destroyed D. harmed
Question 37. What is emphasized as crucial for the success of environmental preservation efforts in
Vietnam?
A. Industrialization B. Urbanization
C. Community involvement D. Government regulations
Question 38. The word "engage" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to:
A. avoid B. involve C. ignore D. disconnect
Question 39. The word that in paragraph 6 refers to ______.
A. conclusion B. environment C. Vietnam D. approach
Question 40. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. Vietnam's environmental conservation efforts are ineffective.
B. Vietnam's biodiversity is not at risk.
C. Vietnam is not taking any measures to address environmental challenges.
D. Vietnam is actively involved in preserving its natural resources.

Bảo tồn môi trường ở Việt Nam là rất quan trọng để duy trì sự đa dạng sinh học phong
phú của đất nước và đảm bảo sức khỏe của nhân dân. Cảnh quan đa dạng của Việt
Nam, bao gồm rừng rậm, đất ngập nước rộng lớn và bờ biển nguyên sơ, là nơi sinh
sống của một loạt các loài thực vật và động vật. Tuy nhiên, sự phát triển kinh tế
nhanh chóng, đô thị hóa và công nghiệp hóa đã dẫn đến suy thoái môi trường, bao
gồm phá rừng, mất môi trường sống và ô nhiễm.
Để giải quyết những thách thức này, Việt Nam đã triển khai các sáng kiến bảo tồn đa
dạng sinh học. Chính phủ đã thành lập các khu vực bảo tồn, như các công viên quốc
gia và khu bảo tồn thiên nhiên, để bảo vệ các hệ sinh thái quan trọng và điểm nóng
đa dạng sinh học. Ngoài ra, các nỗ lực đang được triển khai để thúc đẩy các phương
pháp sử dụng đất bền vững, bao gồm tái rừng và nông nghiệp bền vững, nhằm khôi
phục các môi trường sống bị suy thoái và làm giảm tác động của phá rừng.

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Ngoài việc bảo tồn đất liền, Việt Nam cũng tập trung vào bảo tồn biển. Với bờ biển
rộng lớn và các hệ sinh thái biển đa dạng, Việt Nam đã triển khai các khu vực bảo tồn
biển và dự án bảo tồn rặng san hô để bảo vệ các môi trường sống biển dễ tổn thương
và hỗ trợ quản lý nguồn lợi cá bền vững.

Sự tham gia của cộng đồng là rất quan trọng đối với thành công của các nỗ lực bảo
tồn môi trường ở Việt Nam. Các dự án bảo tồn dựa vào cộng đồng đang gắn kết cộng
đồng địa phương vào quản lý tài nguyên tự nhiên và giáo dục môi trường, giúp họ chủ
động trong việc quản lý môi trường và áp dụng các phương pháp bền vững.

Mặc dù đã có những nỗ lực này, Việt Nam đối mặt với những thách thức tiếp tục, bao
gồm buôn bán động vật hoang dã trái phép, ô nhiễm nước và ảnh hưởng của biến đổi
khí hậu. Sự hợp tác tiếp tục giữa các cơ quan chính phủ, tổ chức phi chính phủ và cộng
đồng địa phương là rất cần thiết để giải quyết những thách thức này và đảm bảo tính
bền vững của môi trường ở Việt Nam trong dài hạn.
Tóm lại, việc bảo tồn môi trường ở Việt Nam đòi hỏi một phương pháp toàn diện, bao
gồm bảo vệ và khôi phục các hệ sinh thái, thúc đẩy các phương pháp bền vững và
tương tác với cộng đồng địa phương. Bằng cách bảo vệ di sản thiên nhiên của Việt
Nam, chúng ta có thể đảm bảo một môi trường lành mạnh cho cả thế hệ hiện tại và
tương lai.

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