NCERT Basics : Class 9
NCERT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
1. Make a comparison and write down Ans.
ways in which plant cells are different Comparison between Prokaryotes and
from animal cells. Eukaryotes
Characteristic Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
Ans.
Size of cell Typically, 1-10
Typical 5-100
Comparison between Animal cell and Plant µm diameter µm diameter
cell Nucleus No nuclearTrue nucleus,
Animal cell Plant cell membrane or consisting of
Cell wall Absent Present nucleoli nuclear
Plasma Present Present membrane and
membrane nucleoli
Membrane Absent Present:
Lysosomes Lysosomes Lysosomes
enclosed cell examples
occur in usually not
organelles include
cytoplasm evident Lysosomes,
Nucleus Present in Present in Golgi complex,
centre periphery Endoplasmic
Shape of the Round Rectangular reticulum,
cell (irregular (fixed shape) Mitochondria,
shape) Chloroplasts
Cell wall Usually When present,
Chloroplast Animal cells Plant cells have
present; made made up of
don’t have chloroplasts up of cellulose or
chloroplasts because they peptidoglycan chitin
make their Plasma No Steroid and
own food membrane carbohydrates carbohydrates
Cytoplasm Present Present and generally are present
Endoplasmic Present Present lacks steroid
Reticulum Ribosomes 70S type of 80S type of
ribosome ribosome
Publishing$\PNCF\2024-25\LIVE Module\SET-1\NCERT\9th\Biology\01. The Fundamental Unit of Life
(Smooth and
DNA Single circular Linear DNA
Rough)
DNA organised into
Ribosomes Present Present multiple
Mitochondria Present Present chromosomes
Vacuole One or more One, large 3. What would happen if the plasma
small vacuoles central vacuole
membrane ruptures or breaks down?
(much smaller making 90% of
than plant cell volume. Ans. There will be spilling of cytoplasm and
cells). cell organelles, bursting of lysosomes
Centrioles Present in all Only present in and digestion of cellular contents.
animal cells lower plant
4. What would happen to the life of a cell if
forms.
Golgi Present Present and
there was no Golgi apparatus?
Apparatus are called Ans. There would not be any lysosome for
dictyosomes. intracellular digestion and cleansing, no
2. How is a prokaryotic cell different from a complexing of molecules and no
eukaryotic cell? formation of new plasma membrane.
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Biology
5. Which organelle is known as power house (a) Keep cup ‘A’ empty.
of the cell? Why? (b) Put one tea spoon sugar in cup B.
Ans. Mitochondria is known as power house of (c) Put one tea spoon of salt in cup C.
the cell because it produces most of the (d) Put one tea spoon sugar in boiled cup
molecules of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) D. Keep this set up for two hours. Then
which are required for providing energy for observe the four potato cups and
synthesis of new chemicals, as well as answer the following:
mechanical and other cellular functions. (i) Explain why water gathers in the
6. Where do the lipids and proteins hollowed portion of B and C.
constituting the cell membrane get (ii) Why is potato A necessary for this
synthesised? experiment?
Ans. Proteins are synthesised over ribosomes of (iii) Explain why water does not gather in
RER while lipids are synthesised over SER. the hollowed-out portion of A and D.
7. How does Amoeba obtain food? Ans. (i) Sugar and salt increase osmotic
Ans. Plasma membrane of Amoeba is flexible. concentration which results in
With its help, Amoeba engulfs food particle. passage of water osmotically from the
The engulfed food particle passes into the trough through the cells of potato into
body of Amoeba as a phagosome or food its cavity.
vacuole. Phagosome combines with (ii) Potato A functions as control
lysosome to form digestive vacuole. experiment which indicates that the
Digestion occurs in food vacuole. The cavity of potato does not induce
digested food passes into surrounding movement of water.
cytoplasm. The undigested matter is (iii) Water does not gather in the
thrown out of the cell. hollowed-out portion of A because it
Publishing$\PNCF\2024-25\LIVE Module\SET-1\NCERT\9th\Biology\01. The Fundamental Unit of Life
8. What is osmosis? does not have a higher osmotic
Ans. Osmosis is diffusion of water from the concentration than the cells of potato
region of its higher concentration (pure tuber.
water or dilute solution) to the region of its Potato tuber D does not have living cells.
lower concentration (strong solution) Osmosis does not occur in dead cells.
through a selectively permeable Therefore, despite presence of sugar in the
membrane. cavity of D, no water passes through dead
9. Carry out the following osmosis potato cells into cavity of the tuber.
experiment. 10. Which type of cell division is required for
Take four peeled potato halves and hollow growth and repair of body and which type
each one out to make potato cups. One of is involved in formation of gametes?
these potato cups should be made from the Ans. Mitosis is the cell division required for
boiled potato. Put each potato cup in the growth and repair of body and meiosis is
trough containing water. Now involved in formation of gametes.
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