Number System/ 3
6.PrimeNumbers a prime Howto test a
is called
A counting
number
number when it
is exactly divisible bv
number is prime or not?
If P-Gven nunber,
itself then
only 1ánd 5, 7, 11, 13, ... etc. ( find che
2. 3, whole
For example numberwhich is
prime (w) (ake all the number xsuch thar x>p
2js the only even
isalways qreater
than 1 equal to x prime numbers less rhan or
ADrime number numlber, therefore the (i) if none of
1 is not a prime these
prime, otherwisedivides P
exactly. then Pis
umber is 3. Pis ion-orime
lowest oddprime
greater than 3 can be For example Let P=193,
Every prime number clearly
representedby 6n + 1,where n is
integer.
Prime numbers upto 14 are 14>193
7Composite Numbers No one of these divides 193 2,3.5.7,11, 13
Composite numbers are non-prime Hence, 193isa prime number.exactly.
have atleast
natural numbers. They must itself.
and
one factor apart from 1
etc.
For example 4, 6, 8, 9,
Composite numbers can be both odd and even.
1is neither a prime number nor a composite number.
8. Coprimes
Two natural numbers are said to be coprimes, if their common divisor is 1
For example (7, 9), (15, 16), etc.
Coprime numbers may or may not be prime.
Every pair of consecutive numbers is coprime.
9.Rational Numbers
A number that can be expressed in the form of p/g, is called a
rational number,
where p, q are integers andq#0.
3 7 8 13
For example etc.
5' 9'9'15'
10. Irrational Numbers
The numbers that cannot be expressed in the form of pla, are called irrational
numbers, where p, q are integers and q #0.
For example 2, V3, V7, V11, etc.
T 1S an iIrational number as 22/7 is not the actual value of t but it is its nearest value.
Non-periodic infinite decimal fractions are called irrational numbers.
1l. Real Numbers
Kealnumbers include both rational and irrational numbers. They are denoted by .
For example 7 8
etc.
Operations on Numbers
There are four operations on numbers as givven below
Addition called addition.
When two or more numbers are combined together, then it is
Addition is denoted by '+' sign.
For example 24 +23 +
26=73
