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{program}/for structure/
#include<conio.h> #include<iostream.h> struct book { int bookid; char title[20]; float price; void input() { cout<<" Enter bookid,title,and price"; cin>>bookid>>title>>price; } void display() { cout<<"\n"<<bookid<<" "<<title<<" "<<price; }; void main() { clrscr(); book b1; b1.input(); b1.display(); getch{}; } {program}/for structure with access modifier/ #include<conio.h> #include<iostream.h> struct book { private: int bookid; char title[20]; float price; void input() { public: cout<<" Enter bookid,title,and price"; cin>>bookid>>title>>price; } void display() { cout<<"\n"<<bookid<<" "<<title<<" "<<price; }; void main() { clrscr(); book b1; b1.input(); b1.display(); getch{}; }
"static member variable"
"static member function" ;they are qualified with the keyboard static. ;they are also called class member function. ;they can invoked with or without object. ;they can only access static members of the class. "" Constructor in c++"" " Construtor" ;constructor is a member function of a class. ;THe name of the constructor is same as the name of the class ;it has no return type,so can't use return keyword. ;it must be an instance member function,that is , it can never be static. ;constructor is implicitly invoked when an objesct is created. ;constructor is used to solve problem of initialization.
{program}/for default and parameterized constructor/
#include<conio.h> class complex { private: int a,b; public: complex(int x,int y) //parameterized constructor// { a=x; b=y; } complex (int k) { a=k;} complex() //default constructor// { } }; void main() { clrscr(); complex c1,c2,c3; getch(); } "" Destructor"" ; Destructor is an instance member function of a class ;the name of the destructor is same as the name of a class but preceded by tilde (~) symbol ;Destructor can never be static ;Destructor has no return type ' ;Destructor takes no argument(no overloading is possible) ; it is invoked implicity when going to destroy {program}/for destructor/ #include<conio.h> #include<iostream.h> class complex { private: int a,b; public: complex() {cout<<"Destructor;} }; void fun {} { complex obj; } void main{} { clrscr{}; fun{}; getch{}; }; {program}/for operator overloading/ #include<conio.h> #include<iostream.h> class comlplex { private; int a,b; public; void setdata(int x, int y) { a=x; b=y;} void showdata{} {cout<<"/na"<<a<<"b"<<b;} }; void main{} { clrscr{}; complex c1,c2,c3; c1.setdata{3,4}; c2.setdata{5,6}; c3=c1.add{c2}; c3