10.

BHAKTI AND SUFI MOVEMENT

1. The world's second tallest statue in sitting pose of 4. Which of the following is the correct
Ramanuja was inaugurated by the Prime chronological order?
Minister of India at Hyderabad recently. Which (a) Shankaracharya-Ramanuja-Chaitanya
one of the following statements correctly (b) Ramanuja-Shankaracharya-Chaitanya
represents the teachings of Ramanuja? (c) Ramanuja-Chaitanya-Shankaracharya
(a) The best means of salvation was devotion.
(d) Shankaracharya-Chaitanya-Ramanuja
(b) Vedas are eternal, self-existent and wholly
Jharkhand PSC (Pre.) G.S. 2010
authoritative.
(c) Logical arguments were essential means for Ans. (a) : Shankaracharya, who was a pioneer of Bhakti
the highest bliss. movement during 8th century, was born in Kerala in 788
(d) Salvation was to be obtained through AD. Ramanuj was born in Tamil Nadu in 11th Century.
meditation Chaitanya's original name was Vishwambhar and he
UPSC IAS 2022 was born in Bengal in 1486 AD. Hence the correct
chronological order of these religious leaders is
Ans. (a) : Ramanuja was deeply influenced by the
Shankaracharya Ramanuj and Chaitanya. All these are
Alvars. He firmly believed that intense devotion to
the propounders of various thoughts related to Bhakti
Vishnu was the best means to attain salvation. He
propounded the doctrine of Vishishtadvaita. movement. Shankaracharya propounded Adwaitwad,
Ramanujacharya Vishistadwaitwad and Chaitanya had
The outdoor 216-ft Statue of Equality is the world’s
second tallest statue featuring a sitting posture. It is established Gosain community.
composed of ‘panchaloha’, a combination of five 5. Which saint had propounded the philosophy of
metals comprising gold, silver, copper, brass, and zinc. Advaitavad?
Born in 1017 in Sri Perumbudur, Tamil Nadu, Sri (a) Shankaracharya (b) Ramanand
Ramanujacharya liberated millions from social, (c) Kabira (d) Chaitanya
cultural, gender, educational and economic Chhattishgarh PSC (Pre) Ist, 2012
discrimination with the foundational conviction that
Ans. (a) : See the explanation of above question.
every human is equal regardless of nationality, gender,
race, caste, or creed. 6. Which one of the followings pair is not
2. What set of three texts did Shamkaracharya correctly matched?
called Prashthanatrayi? (a) Kevaladvaita – Shankar
(a) Vedas, Upanishads and Bhagavadgita (b) Shuddhadvaita – Ramanuja
(b) Mahabharata, Brahmnanas and Upanishads (c) Dwaitadvaita – Nimbarka
(c) Upanishads, Bhagavadgita and Brahmasutras (d) Dvaitavad – Madhva
(d) Vedas, Ramayana and Upanishads Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
J & K PSC Pre 2022 Ans. (b) :The correct match is –
Ans.(c): Shamkaracharya's Vedanta philosphy accepts List-I List-II
the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita and the Brahmasutra (Philosophical (Propounders)
as Prasthantrayi because according to him these texts doctrine of Vedant)
are authoritative and primary source that teach the Kevaladvaita – Shankaracharya
means th strive for salvation.
Shuddhadvaita – Vallabhacharya
3. The early medieval Saint Basavanna belonged Dwaitadvaita – Nimbarkacharya
to:
Dvaitavada – Madhawacharya (Madhva)
(a) Vaisnava Tradition (b) Saiva Tradition
Vishistadvaita – Ramanuj
(c) Virasaiva Tradition (d) None of the above
J & K PSC Pre 2022 7. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the code given below the lists.
Ans.(c): Basawanna was a 12th century Indian
Philosopher who grew up in a shaivite family. He List-I List-II
started a new devotional movement named Virashaivas (Philosopher) (Philosophy)
or 'ardent heroic worshippens of Shiva.' This movemtn A. Ramanuja 1. Suddadvait
shared its roots on the ongoing Tamil Bhakti movement, B. Madhavacharya 2. Dvaitadvait
particularly Shaiva Nayanars tradition, over the 7th to C. Nimbarka 3. Dvaita
11th century. 4. Vallabhacharya 4. Vishishtadvaita
Medieval History 190 YCT
 Code: Ans. (a): Bhakti saint of Maharashtra Tukaram (AD
A B C D 1598-1650),was a contemporary of Shivaji. He was
(a) 2 4 1 3 responsible for creating a background for Maratha
(b) 3 1 4 2 nationalism. He opposed all social distinctions. The
(c) 1 2 3 4 importance of women in society also increased because
(d) 4 3 2 1 the Bhakti movement gave equal importance to them.
Chaitanya (1486-1533 AD) also known as Sri
UPPSC (Pre) 2022
Gauranga, was a popular Vaishnava Saint and reformer
Ans. (d): The correct match is as follows- from Bengal. He was born of Brahmin parents at Nadia,
List-I List-II West Bengal. After his education he became a teacher.
(Philosopher) (Philosophy) Chisti order was the earliest Sufi order to arrive in
Ramanuja Vishishtadvaita India. It was introduced by the Moinuddin Chishti in
Madhavacharya Dvaitavad Lahore (Punjab) and Ajmer in the middle of the 12th
Nimbarka Dwaitadvait century CE. He was eighth in the line of succession
Vallabhacharya Shuddhadvait from the founder of the Chishti Order..
8. The world's second tallest statue in sitting pose of During the Muslim rule (A.D. 1206 to 1707) Muslim
Ramanuja was inaugurated by the Prime Sultans of Gujarat had given asylum to Sufi saints.
Minister of India at Hyderabad recently. Which These saints were putting before the people Mohammad
Saheb's principles of socio-economic equality and
one of the following statements correctly
brotherhood in simple style. As a result a number
represents the teachings of Ramanuja?
Hindus turned towards Islam and Gujarat became an
(a) The best means of salvation was devotion.
iportant centre of the mystic saints or Sufis.
(b) Vedas are eternal, self-existent and wholly
authoritative. 10. Which of the following pairs are correct?
(c) Logical arguments were essential means for 1. Alwars - Vaishnavite Saints
the highest bliss. 2. Naynars- Shaivite Saints
(d) Salvation was to be obtained through 3. Warakari- Saints of Vithoba Cult
meditation (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 only
UPSC 2022 (Pre) (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1 and 3 only
Gujarat PSC Pre-26.12.21 Paper-I
Ans. (a) : Ramanuja was deeply influenced by the
Alvars. He firmly believed that intense devotion to Ans. (a) : The Nayanars were a group of 63 saints
Vishnu was the best means to attain salvation. He devoted to Lord Shiva who lived during the 6th to 8th
propounded the doctrine of Vishishtadvaita. century CE. The Alwars were Tamil Poet saints of
The outdoor 216-ft Statue of Equality will be the South India who espoused devotion to the Lord Vishnu.
Warkari are saints of Vithoba Cults. The main saints of
world’s second tallest statue featuring a sitting posture.
Warkaris are Dhyaneshwar, Namdev, Eknath Tukaram.
It is composed of ‘panchaloha’, a combination of five
metals comprising gold, silver, copper, brass, and zinc. 11. Who among the following was the saint of
Born in 1017 in Sri Perumbudur, Tamil Nadu, Sri Warkari sect?
Ramanujacharya liberated millions from social, cultural, (a) Nimbarka (b) Chakradhar
gender, educational and economic discrimination with (c) Namdev (d) Ramdas
the foundational conviction that every human is equal UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002
regardless of nationality, gender, race, caste, or creed. Ans (c): Warkari is a sect (religious movement) within
9. Which of the following statements are correct? the bhakti spiritual tradition of Vaishnavite Hinduism
(i) Tukaram the Bhakti Saint of Maharashtra and geographically associated with the Indian state of
is known for creating a background for Maharashtra. The promoter of Warkari sect was Saint
Maratha nationalism and also opposed all Dhyaneshwar. Warkaris worshiped Vitthal (also known
social distinctions as Vithoba), the Presiding deity of Pandharpur, regarded
(ii) Chaitanya, also known as Sri Gauranga as incarnation of Lord Krishna. Saints and gurus of the
was a popular Vaishnava saint and bhakti movement associated with the Warkaris include
reformer from Bengal Dhyaneshwar, Namdev, Eknath, and Tukaram, Gadge
Maharaj. All of these were accorded the title of Saint.
(iii) Chishti was the earliest sufi order to have
entered in India 12. The worship of incarnation of Vishnu
(iv) Gujarat was an important centre of the ‘Vithoba’ was popular in-
mystic saints or Sufis (a) Maharashtra (b) Bengal
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3 only (c) Gujarat (d) Uttar Pradesh
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 1 and 2 only UP UDA/LDA spl. 2006
Gujarat PSC Pre-26.12.21 Paper-I Ans. (a): See the explanation of above question.

Medieval History 191 YCT

13. Which of the following statements are correct Codes:
regarding the famous sattriya dance? A B C D
(i) Sattriya is a combination of music, dance (a) 4 3 2 1
and drama (b) 3 2 1 4
(ii) It is a centuries-old living tradition of (c) 2 4 1 3
Vaishnavites of Assam (d) 4 2 1 3
(iii) It is based on classical Ragas and Talas of UPPSC ACF Mains Paper I 2021
devotional songs composed by Tulsidas,
Kabir and Mirabai Ans. (c): The correct match is as follows –
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (Sect) (Related Saint)
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 A. Chisti Sect – Sheikh Hamiddudin Nagori
Gujarat PSC Pre-26.12.21 Paper-I B. Suhravardi Sect – Sheikh Bhauddin Zakaria
C. Naqshbandi Sect – Ahmad Sirhindi
Ans. (a) : Sattriya originated in Sattra, monastery, as a
part of the Neo-Vaishnavite movement started by D. Kashiri Sect – Sheikh Daud Kirmani
Srimanta Sankardev in Assam. He propagated the “ek 16. Khalsa, the ‘Society of the Pure’, was founded
sharan naama dharma”(chanting the name of one God in:
devotedly). It was introduced in the 15th century A.D. (a) 1605 (b) 1627
Sattriya was given the status of classical dance in the (c) 1699 (d) 1707
year 2000 by the Sangeet Natak Akademi. OPSC Pre-2020
The themes performed are mostly on Radha Krishna Ans. (c): In 1699 the Khalsa tradition was initiated by the
and other myths. It consists of dhemali, drum playing, 10th Guru of Sikhism, Guru Govind Singh Ji. The word
known as gayan bayan, where several men play drums, Khalsa means ‘Pure’. The founding of Khalsa tradition is
in various talas (rhythms) and also use hand gestures. celebrated during the festival of Vaisakhi by Sikhs.
Popular Artists are Guru Jatin Goswami and Sharodi
17. Mark the correct statement:
Saikia among others. It is based on devotional songs
composed by Sankardeva. 1. Nizamuddin Auliya was the contemporary
of Muhammad bin Tughluq.
14. Which of the following statements are correct? 2. Tulsidas was influenced by Shaikh Salim
(1) Tulsidas and Mirabai are included in the Chishti.
Nirguna sect of saints (a) 1 only (b) Both 1 and 2
(2) Two branches, Ram Bhakti and Krishna
(c) 2 only (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Bhakti, became popular in Saguna
Bhaktidhara Kerala (KAS) PSC-2020
(3) Pustimargiya thought is depicted in the Ans. (a) : Nizamuddin Auliya was the contemporary of
speech/words of Surdas Muhammad bin Tughluq is correct.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only Tulsidas was influenced by Shaikh Salim Chishti is
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 incorrect.
Gujarat PSC Pre-26.12.21 Paper-I The Mughal Emperor Akbar was influenced by Shaikh
Ans. (c): The Bhakti movement of Hinduism saw two Salim Chishti. The Mughal Emperor Akbar came to
ways of imaging the nature of the divine (Brahman) - Salim Chishti’s home in Sikri to ask him to pray for a
Nirguna and Saguna. The major exponents of Nirguna male heir to the throne. Salim Chishti blessed Akbar,
school were Kabir Das and Guru Nanak while followers and soon the first of three sons was born to him. He
of Saguna sect were Vallabhcharya, Tulsidas, Surdas, named his first son Salim (later emperor Jahangir) in
Mirabai, Chaitanya, etc. Saguna was envisioned and honor of Salim Chishti. A daughter of Sheikh Salim
developed as with form attributes. There are two Chishti was the foster mother of Emperor Jahangir. The
branches of Saguna: Ram Bhakti and Krishna bhakti. emperor was deeply attached to his foster mother, as
Pushtimarg was expanded by Surdas, Krishnadas, reflected in the Jahangirnama and he was extremely
Kumbhanadas, Parmananda Das, etc. who were close to her son Qutb-ud-din Khan Koka who was made
disciples of Vallabhacharya. the Governor of Bengal. Akbar held the Sufi in such
high regard that he had a great city Fatehpur Sikri built
15. Match List–I with List–II and select the correct
around his camp, and his Mughal court and courtiers
answer from the code given below the lists :
were then relocated there.
List- I List–II
(Sect) (Related Saint) 18. The author of Ramcharita Manas was-
A. Chisti Sect 1. Ahmad Sirhindi (a) Tulsidas (b) Valmiki
B. Suhravardi Sect 2. Sheikh (c) Surdas (d) Ved Vyas
Hamiddudin Nagori Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
C. Naqshbandi Sect. 3. Sheikh Daud Kirmani Ans (a) : Author of Ramcharita Manas was Goswami
D. Kashiri Sect. 4. Sheikh Bhauddin Tulsidas. (c. 1511-1623 AD). It contains the story of
Zakaria Lord Rama.

Medieval History 192 YCT

19. Growth of vernacular literature in Medieval Ans: (c) The bitterest attack of Guru Nanak was on
India was the greatest contribution of the caste system prevalent in Indian society. He was a
(a) Vijayanagar Kingdom strict critic of the caste system. He believed in the
(b) Bahmani Kingdom principle of equality of human beings. He preached
(c) Bhakti movement that all are equal and none is Hindu or Muslim.
(d) Sultans of Delhi 24. The famous and favourite hymn sung by
Kerala (KAS) PSC-2020 Gandhiji "Vaishnava Jana to Tene Kahiye"
was composed by
Ans. (c): Growth of Vernacular Literature in Medieval
India was the greatest contribution of Bhakti movement. (a) Mahatma Gandhi himself
In the rise of vernacular tradition bhakti, particularly (b) Narasinha Mehta who lived in 16th century
Vaishnava Saguna Bhakti tradition played a key role. (c) Akho, a Gujarati Poet
The Bhakti movement empowered the underbelly of (d) Premanand, a Gujarati Poet
Indian society in fundamental ways and also provided ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
the required impetus for the growth of vernacular Ans: (b) Vaishnava Jana to Tene Kahiye, is a famous
literature. In the Indian culture, traditionally religious or hymn composed in Gujarati by Narasinha Mehta in
scholarly works were written in Prakrit, Tamil and 16th century. This hymn was sung daily by Mahatma
Sanskrit. With the rise of the Bhakti movement from the Gandhi in morning prayer. This hymn describes the
8th century on-wards, religious works began to be character and conduct of wise men.
created in Kannada, and Telugu, and from the 12th 25. Principle of the Bhakti Movement was
Century onward in many other Indian languages (a) Non-violence (b) Truth
throughout the different regions of India. For example, (c) Brotherhood (d) Devotion to God
the Ramayana, one of Hinduism’s sacred epics in Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2018 Paper-I
Sanskrit, had vernacular versions such as
Ramacharitamanasa, a Hindi version of the Ramayana Ans. (d) : The main principles of Bhakti movement
by the 16th century poet Tulsidas. were:
(1) God is one, (2) To worship God man should serve
20. At which place Tomb of a famous Sufi saint humanity, (3) All men are equal, (4) Worshipping God
Khwaja Bandanawaz is located? with devotion is better than performing religious
(a) Bidar (b) Gulbarga ceremonies and going for pilgrimages and (5) Caste
(c) Mysore (d) Bijapur distinctions and superstitious practices are to be given
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 up.
Ans. (b): The Tomb of Khwaja Banda Nawaz (Gaisu 26. The mother tongue of the Great Poet Kabir of
Daraz) is located in the city of Gulbarga in Karnataka. It the 15th Century was
is an important Muslim pilgrimage site in the city. He (a) Bhojpuri (b) Magahi
was a sufi Saint of the chishti order. He was a disciple (c) Maithili (d) Avadhi
of Nasiruddin Chiragh Dehlavi) and came to Gulbarga ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
in 1413. Ans: (d) Language of Kabirdas was a mixture of
21. Who among the following was an exponent of many tongues such as Awadhi, Punjabi, Braj and
Krishna Cult? Rajasthani etc. whereas, he did not use Bhojpuri,
(a) Ramananda (b) Vallabahacharya Magahi or Maithili in his literary works. The nearest
(c) Namadeva (d) Nanak answer as the mother tongue of Kabir is concerned
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 should be Awadhi/Avadhi is option (d).
Ans. (b) : Vallabhacharya was an exponent of Krishna 27. Consider the following statements:
cult. The cult which Vallabhacharya founded came to 1. Sant Nimbarka was a contemporary of
be known as Pustimarg. Love for Krishna and devotion Akbar
to him was the hallmark of the tenets of this sect. 2. Sant Kabir was greatly influenced by
22. The Sufi musical recitations were called: Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi.
(a) Rabi (b) Sami Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(c) Hadi (d) Sama
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (d): The Sufi saints made themselves popular by IAS (Pre) 2019
adopting musical recitation called, 'Sama' to create a
mood of nearness to God. Sufi music refers to the Ans. (d): Sant Nimbarka was not a contemporary of
devotional music of the Sufis, inspired by the work of Akbar. He was contemporary of Ramanuja.
Sufi poets like Khwaja Gulam, Baba Farid, Amir Nimbarkacharaya was propounder of Nimbarka sect.
The other name of this sect is Sanakadi sect, Hamsa
Khusrou, Bulleh Shah etc.
sect. He was born on 1130 AD in Arunashram near
23. The bitterest attack of Guru Nanak was on Vaiduryapattan on the bank of Godavari river in South
(a) Purdah System (b) Child Marriage India. Sant Kabir Das died in 1518 AD whereas Sheikh
(c) Caste System (d) Sati Custom Ahmad Sarhindi was born in 1564 AD. So both the
ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018 statements are not correct.

Medieval History 193 YCT

28. Given below are two statements, one is labelled 32. Tulsidas was contemporary of-
as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). (a) Akbar and Jahangir
Assertion (A): Many Sanskrit works on music (b) Shah Jahan
were translated into Persian during the medieval (c) Aurangzeb
period. (d) Babur and Humayun
Reason (R): The early Chishti sufis were fond of UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004
musical assemblies called 'Sama'. Ans (a): See the explanation of above question.
Select the correct answer from the codes given
33. Which of the following Sufi saints was known
below:
as Garib Nawaz?
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
(a) Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya
explanation of A
(b) Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct
(c) Hazrat Nasiruddin Chirag-i-Delhi
explanation of A
(d) Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki
(c) A is true, but R is false
APPSC GROUP-I (7-5-2017)
(d) A is false, but R is true
UPPCS (Pre) 2018 Ans. (b): Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti was a Persian
Muslim preacher, ascetic, religious scholar, philosopher
Ans. (b): Many Sanskrit works on music were and mystic from Sistan (Iran & Afghanishtan), who
translated into Persian during the medieval period like eventually ended up setting in the Indian subcontinent
Ragdarpan, Vedas, Upnishads, Ramayana, Mahabharat, in the early 13th - Century.
etc. The early chishti sufis were fond of musical
• He became popularly known as Gharib Nawaz, which
assemblies called ‘Sama’. 'Sama' were musical means 'the one who shows kindness to the poor'. This was
recitations to create a mood of nearness to God. So both later reinforced by succeeding Chishti Sufis, who became
statements are true but R is not the correct explanation religious pioneers in national integration in the country.
of A.
34. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
29. Shaikh Bahauddin Zakaria belonged to which answer from the codes given below the lists:
sect?
List I List II
(a) Suhrawardiyya (Order)
(b) Rishi (Order) A. Vallabhacharya 1. Dvaitawad
(c) Firdausi (Order) B. Ramanuja 2. Pushtimarg
(d) None of the above/More than one of the C. Madhvacharya 3. Vishishtadvaita
above d. Shankara 4. Advaitawad
64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19 Code:
Ans. (a): Shaikh Bahauddin Zakariya belonged to A B C D
Suhrawardiyya (Order). (a) 1 3 4 2
He established this silsila in Baghdad. Bahauddin (b) 2 4 1 3
Zakariya and Jalaluddin Tabrezi brought it to India. The (c) 2 3 1 4
center of this silsila was in Multan. (d) 4 1 3 2
30. The author of 'Vinaya-Patrika' is- UPPSC RO/ARO Mains 2017
(a) Tulsidas (b) Surdas Ans. (c): The correct match is as follows-
(c) Kabir (d) Keshavdas Vallabhacharya --- Pushtimarg (Shuddha Advaita)
CG PSC (Pre) 2018 Ramanuja --- Vishishtadvaita
Ans. (a) : Born in 1532 AD at Rajapur village in Banda Madhvacharya --- Dvaitawad
(Chitrakoot at Present) district of Uttar Pradesh. Shankara --- Advaitvad
Tulsidas was contemporary of Mughal rulers Akbar and 35. Match the Sufi saints in Column-I with their
Jahangir. He died at Assi Ghat, Varanasi in 1623 AD. significant activities given in Column-II and
He was a great Hindu Saint and devotee of Lord provide the correct answer from the option
(Rama). His major creations are, Ramcharit Manas, given below:
Vinaya Patrika, Ram Lala Nahchhu, Kavitawali and Column-I Column-II
Gitawali etc.
A. Nizam-ud-din 1. Tansen's
31. Which of the following is not the creation of spiritual and
Auliya
Tulsidas? musical
(a) Gitavali (b) Kavitavali Preceptor
(c) Vinay Patrika (d) Sahitya Ratna B. Bayazid Ansari 2. Founded the
MPPSC (Pre) G.S.1st 2014 Rishi order in
Ans. (d): See the explanation of above question. Kashmir

Medieval History 194 YCT

 C. Shah Muhammad 3. Spiritual 3. Singing of holy songs for spiritual
Ghouse Preceptor of happiness among the followers.
Amir Khusrau Choose the correct answer using the codes
D. Nuruddin 4. Founder of the given below:
Roshaniya (a) Only 1 & 2 (b) Only 2 & 3
Order (c) Only 3 (d) 1, 2 & 3
Codes: IAS (Pre) G.S. 1st 2012
A B C D Ans (d): Sufi saints practiced Yoga, meditation and
(a) 4 1 3 2 breathing regulation and singing of holy songs for
(b) 3 4 1 2 spiritual happiness among their followers. Thus all the
(c) 1 3 2 4 statements are true.
(d) 2 4 3 1 40. Consider the following statements in reference
Haryana PSC (Pre) 2017 to Sufism in the history of India-
Ans. (b): The correct match is as follows: 1. Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi was contemporary
Nizamuddin Auliya - Spiritual Preceptor of Amir of Ibrahim Lodi.
Khusrau 2. Sheikh Nasiruddin Chiragh-e-dehlavi was
Bayazid Ansari - Founder of the Roshaniya the disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya.
Order 3. Aurangzeb was the contemporary of Sheikh
Shah Muhammad - Tansen’s spiritual and Salim Chisti.
Ghouse musical Preceptor 4. Qadiriyya Order of Sufism in India was
Nuruddin Noorani - Founded the Rishi order in introduced at first by Sheikh Nizamatullah
Kashmir and Makhdoom Muhammad Jilani.
36. Find out among the following the author of Which of these statements are true?
Maasir-i-Alamgiri: (a) 1 & 2 (b) 1 & 3
(a) Alberuni (b) Barni (c) 2 & 3 (d) 2 & 4
(c) Saqi Mustaad Khan (d) Sams-i-Siraj IAS (Pre) G.S.2002
Ans. (c) : The author of Maasir-i-Alamgiri was Saqi Ans (d): Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi was an Indian Islamic
Mustad Khan. It was written in the Persian language in scholar, a Hanafi jurist, and a prominent member of the
Aurangzeb’s period. Naqshbandī Sufi order. He was contemporary of
37. Who translated the collection of South Indian Mughal Emperors Akbar and Jahangir. Sheikh
tales into Sanskrit and titled the work as Nasiruddin Chiragh-e-Dehlavi was the disciple of
Kathasartisagara? Nizamuddin Auliya. Aurangzeb was not contemporary
(a) Somadeva (b) Kalhana of Salim Chishti. Qadiriyya order of Sufism was
(c) Jaidev (d) Shankaracharya introduced in India by Sheikh Niamatullah and
Makhdoom Mohammad Jilani. Thus only statement 2 &
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2011
4 are true.
Ans. (a): Somadeva translated the collection of South
Indian tales into Sanskrit and titled the work as 41. Bhakta Tukaram was contemporary to which
Kathasaritsagar. It is the famous 11th century collection Mughal Emperor?
of Indian legends, fairy tales and folk tales. (a) Babur (b) Akbar
(c) Jahangir (d) Aurangzeb
38. Consider the following statements—
1. Bijak is a collection of the teachings of IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006
saint Dadu Dayal. Ans (c): Bhakta Tukaram was a Vaishnav saint from
2. Madhavacharya had propounded the South India. He was contemporary of Jahangir.
philosophy of Pushti Marg. 42. Choose the correct chronological order of the
Which of the above statement is /are true? following saints–
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (a) Kabir, Guru Nanak, Chaitanya, Mira Bai
(c) 1 & 2 Both (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (b) Kabir, Chaitanya, Guru Nanak, Mira Bai
IAS (Pre) GS 2014 (c) Kabir, Mira Bai, Chaitanya, Guru Nanak
Ans. (d): None of the above statements are true. Bijak (d) Guru Nanak, Chaitanya, Mira Bai, Kabir
is the collection of Saint Kabir, whereas Pushti Marg UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2014
was propounded by Vallabhacharya. Ans (a): The correct chronological order of Bhakti
39. In Reference to the religious history of India, saints is:
which type of behavior was followed by the Sufi 1. Kabir (1440-1518) contemporary of Sikandar Lodi.
Saints? 2. Guru Nanak (1469-1539)- Promoter of Sikh religion
1. Meditation and breathing regulation and contemporary of Bahlul Lodi, Sikandar Lodi,
2. Yoga exercises in Loneliness. Ibrahim Lodi, Babur and Humayun.
Medieval History 195 YCT
3. Chaitanya (Real name Vishvambhar)-(1486-1533) Ans. (b): Tyagaraja was a great scholar of Carnatic
Contemporary of Sikandar Lodi, Ibrahim Lodi and music and an important saint of Ram bhakti order. He
Babur. was born in 1767 AD in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. He
4. Mira Bai- (1498-1546) was a staunch devotee of created various new melodies. Famous Telugu saint and
Lord Krishna. scholar of Carnatic music, Annamacharya was born in
43. Arrange the following Saints in Chronological 1408 AD. He was the first south Indian musician who
order- created ‘Sankirtana’. His chants are in the praise of the
1. Kabir Lord Venkateswara.
2. Namdev 46. Match the list I with list II and choose the
3. Mira Bai correct answer using the codes given below:
4. Nanak LIST I LIST II
Codes: (Bhakti Saint) (Profession)
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 4, 3, 2, 1 A. Namdev 1. Barber (Nai)
(c) 1, 4, 2, 3 (d) 4, 1, 3, 2 B. Kabir 2. Weaver (Julaha)
UPPCS (Mains) G.S.1st 2005 C. Ravidas 3. Tailor (Darzy)
Ans. (*): None of the options is correct, as the correct D. Sena 4. Cobbler (Mochi)
chronological order of these saints is: Codes:
(1) Namdev (1270-1350) A B C D
(2) Kabir (1440-1518) (a) 2 3 1 4
(3) Guru Nanak (1469-1539) (b) 3 2 4 1
(4) Mira Bai (1498-1546) (c) 3 2 1 4
44. Which of the following Saints were Sufi? (d) 2 3 4 1
1. Rahim IAS (Pre) G.S. 2001
2. Nizamuddin Auliya
Ans (b): Correct match is:
3. Moinuddin Chishti
Namdev - Tailor (Darzy)
4. Raskhan
Kabir - Weaver (Julaha)
Choose the correct answer from the following
codes: Ravidas - Cobbler (Mochi)
(a) 1 & 3 (b) 1, 2 & 3 Sena - Barber (Nai)
(c) 2 & 3 (d) 2 & 4 47. Match the list I with list II and choose the
UP Lower (Pre) 1998 correct answer from the codes given below:
Ans (c): Sheikh Moinuddin Chishti and Nizamuddin List I List II
Auliya were Sufi saints. Moinuddin Chishti was the A Khwaja 1. Suhrawardiyya
initiator of Sufism in India. His shrine is located in Moinuddin
Ajmer district of Rajasthan. It is a pilgrimage site for Chishti
Muslims. Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya was born in B Sheikh Ahmad 2. Qadiriyya
Badayun district of Uttar Pradesh in 1238 AD. Amir
Sirhindi
Khusrau and Amir Hasan Dehlavi were among his
disciples. Rahim was among the nine gems of Akbar. C Dara Shikoh 3. Chishti Order
He was honored with the title of ‘Khan-e-Khana’ by D Sheikh 4. Naqshbandiya
Akbar. He is credited for the translation of Baburnama Shahabuddin
in Persian language. Raskhan was a devotee of Krishna. Codes:
45. Consider the following statement in reference A B C D
to cultural history of India- (a) 2 3 1 4
1. Most of the creations of Tyagaraja are (b) 1 4 2 3
bhakti songs devoted to Krishna. (c) 3 4 2 1
2. Tyagaraja created various new melodies
(d) 4 2 3 1
3. Annamacharya and Tyagaraja were
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2013
contemporaries.
4. Annamacharya chants are in the praise of Ans (c): The correct match is:
the Lord Venkateswara. List-I List-II
Which of the above statements are true? Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti - Chishti Order
(a) Only 1 and 3 (b) Only 2 and 4 Sheikh Ahmad Sarhindi - Naqshbandiya
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2, 3 and 4 Dara Shikoh -Qadiriyya
UPSC IAS (Pre) 2018 Sheikh Shihabuddin - Suhrawardiyya
Medieval History 196 YCT
48. Two statements are given below, one is called 52. Who among the following resided in Ajmer at
assertion A and another is reason R. first?
Assertion (A): Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti was (a) Sheikh Moinuddin Chishti
the initiator of Sufi sect in India. (b) Sheikh Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki
Reason(R): Chishti order has got its name from (c) Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya
the name of a village of Ajmer. (d) Sheikh Salim Chishti
Which one of the following is true in reference UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
to the above two statements:
(a) A and R both are true and R is the correct Ans. (a): Sheikh Moinuddin Chishti came to India in
explanation to A. 1192 AD with Muhammad Ghori at the time of
(b) A and R both are true but R is not the correct Muhammad Ghori’s invasion of India. He resided at
explanation to A first in Ajmer.
(c) A is true but R is false 53. The Sufi Saint who is of the opinion that music
(d) A is false but R is true is a way to reach up to God was-
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997 (a) Moinuddin Chishti
Ans. (c): Chishti Order of Sufism was founded by (b) Baba Farid
Khwaja Abu Ishaq Shami in 930 CE. Moinuddin (c) Saiyyed Muhammad Gesudaraz
Chishti was the initiator of Chishti sect of Sufism in (d) Shah Alam Bukhari
India. The Chishti order derives its name from the IAS (PRE) G.S. 1996
village of Chisht in Afghanistan. Ans (a): Moinuddin believed that music is the best way
49. Famous poet Amir Khusrau was the follower of to reach up to God. Moinuddin Chishti was the founder
which Sufi saint? of Chishtiya sect of Sufism in India.
(a) Sheikh Farid 54. Chishtiya Sufi sect in India was founded by—
(b) Sheikh Muinuddin Chishti (a) Khwaja Badruddin
(c) Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya (b) Khwaja Moinuddin
(d) None of the above (c) Sheikh Ahamad Sirhindi
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 (d) Sheikh Bahauddin Zakariya
Ans. (c): Amir Khusrau was the follower of Sheikh UPPCS (PRE) G.S. 2002
Nizamuddin Auliya of Chishti order of Sufism. It is said
that Khusrau was the favourite disciple of Nizamuddin Ans (b): See the explanation of above question.
Auliya. In 1310 Khusrau became the disciple of Sufi 55. The first Sufi saint of Chishtiya sect in India
saint of the Chishti order Nizamuddin Auliya. Amir was—
Khusrau is also called as 'Parrot of India' (Tuti-e-Hind). (a) Sheikh Moinuddin Chishti
50. Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti was the disciple of- (b) Hamiduddin Nagauri
(a) Abdul Quadir Gilani (c) Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki
(b) Khwaza Abu Yusuff (d) Nizamuddin Auliya
(c) Khwaza Usman Haruni UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2014
(d) Khwaza Maudud Ans (a): See the explanation of above question.
UP RO/ARO (M) 2014 56. Who had founded Chishtiya sect in India?
UPPCS (PRE) G.S. 2014 (a) Salim Chishti (b) Farid
Ans. (c): Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti was the Murid (c) Moinuddin Chishti (d) None of the above
(Disciple) of Khwaja Usman Haruni. Khwaja Usman
Haruni was born in Haroon, which is in Iran (at Ans (c) : See the explanation of above question.
Present). He was also known as Abu Noor and Abu 57. During whose reign Sufi saint Khwaja
Mansur. He was descendant of Holy prophet Sallallahu Moinuddin Chishti came to Rajasthan?
Alaihi Wasallam. (a) Maharana Pratap Singh
51. Who among the following was the founder of (b) Rana Sanga
Chishti sect of Sufism? (c) Rana Kumbha
(a) Sheikh Moinuddin (d) Prithviraj Chauhan
(b) Sheikh Ziyauddin Abuljeeva RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2003
(c) Khwaza Abu Abdal Ans (d) : Moinuddin Chishti came to Rajasthan during
(d) Khwaza Bahauddin Prithviraj Chauhan's reign. Moinuddin Chisti was a
UPPCS Kanoongo exam 2014 persian sufi saint who is enshrined in Ajmer-owing to
Ans (a) : Chishti Order was founded by Khwaja Abu his secular preaching. He was one of the most
Ishaq Shami Chishti in Afghanistan in 930 AD. Sheikh outstanding saints of the Indian sub continent. He
Moinuddin Chishti had introduced Chishti order of arrived in Ajmer at the age of 52 years around 1190 AD
Sufism in India. during the reign of Prithviraj Chauhan.
Medieval History 197 YCT
58. Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya was the disciple Ans.(d): Famous Chishti saint Nasiruddin is called
of— Chiragh- e- Dehlavi. He belonged to Chishti Order.
(a) Sheikh Alauddin Sabir 65. Which one of the following was not associated
(b) Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti with Bhakti movement?
(c) Baba Farid (a) Vallabhacharya (b) Chaitanya
(d) Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi (c) Guru Nanak (d) Amir Khusrau
UPPCS (PRE) G.S. 2006 Uttarakhand PCS (m) 2006
Ans (c) : Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya was the disciple of Ans. (d): Amir Khusrau was not associated with Bhakti
Fariduddin Ganj-e-Shakar (Baba Farid). Baba Farid was the movement. Amir Khusrau was a Muslim scholar,
disciple of Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki. Fariduddin Ganj-i- musician and disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya.
Shakar's shrine is located in Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan.
66. Who among the following is known as ‘Sadi-e-
59. Which of the following was the birth place of hind'?
Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya? (a) Amir Hasan
(a) Ajmer (b) Badayun (b) Amir Khusrau
(c) Lahore (d) Multan
(c) Abu Talib Kalim
RAS/RTS (PRE) GS 2006
(d) Chandrabhan Brahmin
Ans. (b): Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya was born in UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2013
Badayun district of Uttar Pradesh in 1238 AD.
Nizamuddin Auliya witnessed the regime of seven Ans. (a): Amir Hasan Dehlavi was a great scholar and
Sultans of Delhi Sultanate. He was also called poet during Balban's reign. He was an excellent Ghazal
Mahboob-e-Ilahi. writer. Fawaiad-ul-Fawad was his great creation. He
was known as 'Saadi-e-hind', he was a disciple of
60. Who among the following was the disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya.
Baba Farid?
(a) Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya 67. Theories of which of the following Sufi Saint is
composed in ‘Aadi Grantha’?
(b) Amir Khusrau
(a) Sheikh Moinuddin Chishti
(c) Sheikh Salim Chishti
(b) Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki
(d) Sheikh Nasiruddin Mahmood
UPPSC Astt. Forest Conservator exam 2015 (c) Fariduddin-Ganj-e-Shakar
(d) Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya
Ans (a) : See the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
61. Who among the following had seen the regime
Ans. (c): Teachings and theories of Fariduddin Ganj-e-
of seven Sultans of Delhi?
Shakar are included in Aadi Grantha (Guru Grantha
(a) Amir Khusrau
Sahib).
(b) Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya
(c) Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti 68. Who among the following was not associated
with Chishti Sect?
(d) None of the above
(a) Sheikh Moinuddin
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2005
(b) Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki
Ans (b) : See the explanation of above question. (c) Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya
62. Which Sufi saint was called Mahbub-e-Ilahi? (d) Sheikh Abdul Gilani
(a) Khwaza Moinuddin Chishty RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2016
(b) Baba Farid
Ans (d): Sheikh Moinuddin Chishti, Khwaja Qutbuddin
(c) Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki Bakhtiyar Kaki and Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya were
(d) Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya related to Chishtiya order of Sufism while Sheikh Abdul
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014, 2016 Gilani was founder of Qadiriyya order of Sufism.
Ans (d): See the explanation of above question. 69. Who among the following was regarded with
63. The most famous disciple of Sheikh Farid who title of ‘Sheikh-Ul-Hind?
saw the regime of seven Sultans of Delhi? (a) Baba Fariduddin
(a) Nizamuddin Auliya (b) Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki
(b) Sheikh Nasiruddin Chiragh (c) Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti
(c) Sheikh Salim Chishti (d) Sheikh Salim Chishti
(d) None of the above UP Lower (Pre) 2008, 2004
UPPCS (Mains) G.S.1st 2014 Ans (d): Sheikh Salim Chisti was great Sufi saint
Ans (a) : See the explanation of above question. during Akbar's reign. He was born in 1478 AD and died
64. Who among the following Chishti saints is in 1572 AD. He resided in Fatehpur Sikri. His tomb is
called 'Chiragh-e-Dehlavi'? also located there. Mughal Emperor Akbar was his
(a) Moinuddin (b) Fariduddin follower. He was known as ‘Sheikh-ul-Hind’.
(c) Nizamuddin (d) Nasiruddin *Mahmud Hasan Deobandi (1851-1920) was also
UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017 known as Sheikh-ul-Hind.

Medieval History 198 YCT

70. The most orthodox Sufi sect was- 76. Who among the following Sufi saint regarded
(a) Chishti (b) Suhrawardiyya Lord Krishna as his Auliya?
(c) Naqshbandi (d) Quadiri (a) Shah Muhammad Ghaus
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S.1st 2016 (b) Shah Waliullah
Ans. (c): Among various Sufi orders in India Naqshbandi (c) Shah Abdul Aziz
was the most orthodox. It was against the Yoga and music, (d) Khwaja Mir Dard
as these practices are said to be prohibited in Islam. UPPCS (PRE) G.S. 2001
Aurangzeb was the follower of this sect. Ans (a): Shah Muhammad Ghaus was a Sufi saint who
71. Which of the following Sufi sect was against the regarded Lord Krishna as his Auliya. He was born at
music? Ghazipur village in Bihar. He was associated with
(a) Chishtiya (b) Suhrawardiyya Sattari order of Sufism.
(c) Qadiriyya (d) Naqshbandi 77. Which of the following Sufi saints regarded
UPPCS (PRE) G.S. 2001 Krishna as his Auliya?
Ans (d): See the explanation of above question. (a) Shah Abdul Aziz (b) Shah Wali-Ullah
72. Music is prohibited in which one of the (c) Shah Kalimullah (d) Muhammad Ghaus
following Sufi sect? UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2012
(a) Chistiya (b) Qadiriyya Ans. (d): See the explanation of above question.
(c) Suhrawardiyya (d) Naqshbandi 78. Kabir was the disciple of—
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2013 (a) Chaitanya (b) Ramananda
Ans (d): See the explanation of above question. (c) Ramanuja (d) Tukaram
73. Identify the incorrect pair from the following- UP Lower (Pre) 2002
(a) Chishti - Delhi and Doab Ans (b) : Ramananda was born in Allahabad around
(b) Suhrawardi - Sindh 1400 AD and fought against the dogmatic evil of the
(c) Nizami - Madhya Pradesh caste system. He was a pioneer of the Bhakti movement
in North India and advocated devotion as the way to
(d) Firdausi - Bihar
attain God realization. He studied scripture at a very
Jharkhand PSC (PRE) G.S.2010 young age, but did not follow the conventional path. He
Ans (c): The correct match is as follows: had Hindus, Muslims, and Dalits (untouchables) as his
Chishti - Delhi and Doab region disciples and fought hard to re-establish the Indian
Suhrawardi - Sindh tradition of universal brotherhood. Kabir was the
Nizami - Delhi disciple of Ramananda.
Firdausi - Bihar 79. Who was the author of the Bijak?
74. The most famous Saint of Bihar Sharfuddin (a) Surdas (b) Kabir
Maneri was associated with which sect of (c) Ravidas (d) Pipa Ji
Sufism? MPPSC (PRE) G.S. 200
(a) Chishti (b) Suhrawardiyya Ans (b) : Bijak is the collection of the poems of Kabir.
(c) Firdausi (d) Kubravi Bijak was composed by his disciples after his death.
BPSC (PRE)1995 80. Mira Bai was contemporary of—
Ans (c): Makhdoom Sharfuddin Ahmed Bin Yahya (a) Tulsidas
Maneri, popularly known as Makhdoom-ul-Mulk Bihari (b) Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
and Makhdoom-e-Jahan (1263–1381), was one of the (c) Guru Nanak
most prominent Sufi Saints of India.He was associated (d) Ramkrishna Paramhansa
with Firdausi order of Sufism. His shrine is located in UPPCS (PRE) G.S. 1995
Maner, Patna district of Bihar and a famous pilgrimage
Ans. (b): Mira Bai was a Rajput princess, the only
site for Muslims.
child of Ratan Singh. She was a Bhakti saint from
75. Who among the following was not associated Rajasthan. She was also a Hindu mystic and poet whose
with Sufism? lyrical songs of devotion to the god Krishna are widely
(a) Ulema (b) Khanqah popular in northern India. She was married to Prince
(c) Sheikh (d) Sama Bhojraj, The son of Rana Sanga of Chittor. Born in
UPPCS Kanoogo exam 2014 1498 AD Mira Bai was Contemporary of Chaitanya
Ans. (a): Khanqahs are associated with Sufism. It is the Mahaprabhu who was born in 1486 AD. She composed
place where Sufi saints were residing and used to do a book named as ‘Rag Govind’.
their practices. Sama is a musical singing of songs to 81. Bhakti Rasa poetess Mira Bai was—
reach the God in Chishtiya order of Sufism. Sheikh is (a) A Rajputa women who never married
the title of Sufi saints. Ullemas were Muslim religious (b) Associated with Shah family of Gujarat, who
priests. Thus Ullemas were not related to Sufism. got married with Rajput

Medieval History 199 YCT

 (c) Daughter of a priest of Madhya Pradesh Ans (c): Ramananda was the First bhakti saint to use
(d) Wife of a Rajput ruler Hindi language for the propagation of his teachings. He
RAS/RTS (PRE) G.S. 2003 was a 14th century Vasihnava devotional poet saint,
Ans. (d): See the explanation of above question. who lived in the Gangetic basin of northern India. He
82. Author of 'Rag Govind' is- was a contemparary of Sultan Muhammad Bin Tughlaq.
(a) Mira Bai (b) Narhari 88. No person should ask the religion, sect or caste
(c) Kabir (d) None of these from any person. The statement is associated
Chhattisgarh PSC (PRE) G.S. 1st 2014 with-
Ans. (a): See the explanation of above question. (a) Kabir (b) Ramananda
83. Due to efforts of the disciples of which bhakti (c) Ramanuja (d) Chaitanya
saint Vrindavan became a pilgrimage spot? UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009
(a) Kabir (b) Chaitanya Ans. (b): Ramananda was born in Prayagraj
(c) Mira (d) Surdas (Allahabad) Uttar Pradesh. He was a critic of Casteism
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 in Hindu community. The people from all community
Ans. (b): Vrindavan, the hallowed site of the Hindu were his followers. He told that no person should ask
deity Krishna's youth, located geographically in the about community and caste of any person. He further
green groves on the banks of the River Yamuna in argued that there will be no existence of caste system in
North India, was of deep spiritual concern for his near future.
devotees. Six disciples of Chaitanya known as 89. Which of the following saint of medieval India
Goswamis, played a significant role in the development was born at Prayag?
of Vrindavan as a pilgrimage place for Hindu devotees. (a) Kumbhan Das (b) Ramananda
84. Prem vatika a poetic creation on life of Krishna (c) Raidas (d) Tulsidas
was authored by—
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1st 2010
(a) Bihari (b) Surdas
(c) Raskhan (d) Kabir Ans (b) : See the explanation of above question.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996 90. God see the good habits of human beings, do
Ans. (c): Raskhan became a follower of Lord Krishna not ask his caste. There will be no caste in
and learned the religion from Goswami Vitthalnath and coming world. This thought is associated with
began to live in Vrindavan and spent his whole life which saint?
there. He accepted Lord Krishna as the Supreme God (a) Ramananda (b) Dadu
and became a Vaishnav. Five most important creations (c) Nanak (d) Ramanuja
of Raskhan are Sujana Raskhana, Premavatika, RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2009
Danalila, Astayama and a collection of Padas. Of these Ans (a): See the explanation of above question.
the most well-known is Premavatika.
91. Famous medieval saint Sankar Dev was
85. Which among the following is the birth place of
associated with—
Guru Nanak?
(a) Amritsar (b) Nabha (a) Shaivism (b) Vaishnavism
(c) Nankana (d) Nanded (c) Advaita Sect (d) Dvaitadvaita sect
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2007 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
Ans. (c): The promoter of Sikh religion Guru Nanak Ans. (b): The great Vaishnav saint from Assam Sankar
was born in 1469 AD at Talwandi village (Nankana) of Dev was born in 1449 at Ali-Pukhari village in Nagaon
Punjab province, now located in Pakistan. district of modern Assam state of India. He inspired the
86. To whom had Guru Nanak nominated as his Bhakti movement in Assam and authored Kirtana
successor? Ghosha.
(a) Guru Ramdas (b) Guru Amardas 92. Who propagated Vaishnavism in Assam and
(c) Guru Har Raya (d) Guru Angad Cooch Bihar?
MPPCS (Pre) G.S.1st 2015 (a) Chaitanya (b) Madhva
Ans (d) : In 1538 AD, Guru Nanak nominated his (c) Sankardev (d) Vallabhacharya
disciple Lehna to be his successor as Sikh Guru, rather UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2011
than one of his sons. Lehna was then given the name Ans (c): See the explanation of above question.
Angad and designated as Guru Angad, becoming the
second guru of the Sikhs. 93. Which of the following Vaishnava saint was the
author of ‘Kirtana Ghosha’?
87. Which of the following Bhakti saints used hindi
(a) Madhav Kandali (b) Sri Shankar Dev
at first for the propagation of his teaching?
(a) Dadu (b) Kabir (c) Madhav Dev (d) Damodar Dev
(c) Ramananda (d) Tulsidas UPSC CAPF G.S.1st 2010
IAS (Pre) G.S.2002 Ans. (b): See the explanation of above question.

Medieval History 200 YCT

 94. A common feature is found among all Bhakti (a) Gyan (b) Karma
saints was- (c) Bhakti (d) Yoga
(a) Written their thoughts in the language easily (e) None of these
understandable by their followers Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2016
(b) Denied the supremacy of priest class Ans (a) : As per Advaita Philosophy Salvation can be
(c) Promoted the entry of women in temples achieved through the knowledge. According to Shankar
(d) Promoted the Idol worship Salvation is the realization of one’s own true form
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05 which is eternal and cannot be seen by Maya or Avidya.
Ans. (a): It was a very common feature among all 100. Maluk Das was a saint poet of—
Bhakti saints that they used the local languages in (a) Agra (b) Ayodhya
propagation of their thoughts and teachings. (c) Kashi (d) Kara
95. Bhakti movement was initiated by— UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 1st 2008
(a) Alwar saints (b) Sufi saints Ans (d) : Sant Maluk Das (1574-1682 AD) was a saint
(c) Surdas (d) Tulsidas of the medieval Hindu renaissance born in Kara, near
Ans (a): Bhakti movement was initiated by Alwar saints Allahabad. Maluk Das was a great poet-saint of India
of South India in 7th to 10th century AD. Alwars were with a universal message of equality, brotherhood
Tamil poet-saints of South India who espoused bhakti among men, and oneness of God. Living at a time when
(devotion) to the Hindu God Vishnu or his avatar India was passing through a period of spiritual and
Krishna in their songs of longing, ecstasy and service. physical turmoil he, like other known saints, appeared
They are venerated especially in Vaishnavism, which to revive the true spirit of religion and bring peace and
regards Vishnu or Krishna as the Supreme Being. Andal harmony among mankind.
was the only women alvar saint. They used to worship 101. Vaishnavism in Kamarupa was popularized
the God through their hymns. The collection of their by:
hymns is known as Divya Prabandha. (a) Chaitanya (b) Nimbarka
96. Bhakti cult in India emerged in— (c) Ramananda (d) Shankar deva
(a) Vedic period UPPCS (Main) G.S. 2002
(b) 10th century AD Ans. (d) : The initiator of ‘Ekasarana’ Sect, Shankar
(c) 12th century AD Deva was propagator of Vaishnavism in Kamroop
(Assam) region. Born at Alipukhari village in Navagoan
(d) 15th & 16th Century AD
district of Assam in 1449 AD, Shankar Deva was a
Ans. (b): See the explanation of above question. noted scholar, poet and dramatist of Assamese
97. Which of the following leaders of the Bhakti language. He had written various religious epics
sect was influenced with Islam? namely, Kurukshetra, Gunamala, Kaliyadaman Yatra,
(a) Chaitanya (b) Mira Bai Rukmini harana, Parijat harana, etc. His creation
(c) Namdev (d) Vallabhacharya ‘Bhakti Ratnakar’ in Sanskrit language is basic
UP UDA/LDA spl. (Pre) 2010 religious epic for the Vaishnavites in Assam. He is
recognized as Chaitanya of Assam. He was against idol
Ans (c): Namdev was only Bhakti Saint who was worship and sacrificial acts. He was the only saint of
influenced with Islamic thoughts. He travelled far and Krishna bhakti school of Vashnavism who was against
wide and engaged in discussion with Sufi Saints in the idol worship (idolatry) of lord Krishna.
Delhi.
102. Consider the following Bhakti saints—
98. Which of the following is not associated with 1. Dadu Dayal 2. Guru Nanak
Vedanta Philosophy?
3. Tyagaraja
(a) Shankaracharya (b) Abhinava Gupta Who among the above was/were preaching at
(c) Ramanuja (d) Madhava the time of decline of Lodi dynasty and the
MPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1st 2014 coronation of Babur?
Ans. (b): Shankaracharya, Ramanuja and Madhava (a) 1 & 3 (b) Only 2
were associated with Vedanta philosophy. They (c) 2 & 3 (d) 1 & 2
propounded the theories of Advaitavad, IAS (Pre) G.S. 1st 2013
Vishishtadvaitavad and Dvaitadwaitvad respectively. Ans (b): Dadu Dayal (1544-1603 AD) was a poet-
Abhinava Gupta was a philosopher, mystic and saint from Gujarat, India, a religious reformer who
aesthetician from Kashmir. He was also considered as spoke against formalism and priestcraft. Guru Nanak
an influential musician, poet, dramatist, a polymathic lived from 1469 to 1539. Ibrahim Lodi lost the battle of
personality who exercised strong influence on Indian Panipat in 1526 and Babur rose to power, hence Guru
culture. Nanak was preaching at the time of decline of Lodi
99. As per philosophy of Advaita Vedant, dynasty and the coronation of Babur. Tyagaraja was a
salvation can be achieved with which of the composer and vocalist of carnatic music. He was born
following means? in may 1767 in Tiruvarur and died in January. 1847.

Medieval History 201 YCT

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