info@mycstutorial.

in

→
Table of Contents

THE PATH TO SUCCESS IN EXAM...

Home Computer Science [083] Informatics Practices [065] Employability Skills Info. Tech. [402/802] Artificial Intelligence [417]

Artificial Intelligence [843] Computer Application [165] Sumita Arora Solution G.K. CBSE News Project Contact Us

Recent Posts

Class 12 IT 802 Unit 1 : Database Concepts – Basics of CBSE Skill Education Syllabus and

RDBMS Question Answer Curriculum 2023-24 Class 6 to 12

Download pdf
/ Class 12 Information Technology 802 / By mycstutorial / October 25, 2022
CBSE Syllabus & Curriculum 2023-24

Unit 1: Database Concepts | Basics of RDBMS Class 1 to 12 Download PDF

Class 10 Employability Skill Unit 3 ICT

Skill – II Study Material Notes PDF

0.1. Unit 1: Database Concepts | Basics of RDBMS Class 10 Employability Skills Unit 2 Self
0.2. Important Question Answer
Management Skills – II Study Material
0.3. Unit 1 Database Concepts – NCERT Book Solution
0.4. Table Creation and Manipulation Question Answer Notes

Class 9 Employability Skills Question

Important Question Answer Answer based on NCERT Textbook

1. What is the full form of DBMS?

Answer: Database Management System

2. What is Data?

Answer: Data is a collection of raw facts which have not been Search …

processed to reveal useful information.

3. What is Information? Explain with the help of diagram and

Select Category
example.

Answer: The processed data is called Information. Information is

produced by data processing.

Data Processing

For example, given the data of the test marks of all the students in a
class (data), the average, maximum and minimum marks in the class can
be used as indicators of the performance of the class (information).

Example of Data Processing

4. What is Database?

Answer: The collection of related (interrelated) data the haven recorded,

organized and made available for searching is called a Database.

5. Write four properties of Database?

Answer: A database has the following properties:-

(1) A database is a representation of some aspect of the real

world.
(2) It is designed, built, and populated with data for a specific
purpose.
(3) It can be of any size and complexity.
(4) It can be maintained manually or it may be computerized.

Unit 1 Database Concepts – NCERT Book Solution

6. What is the need for a Database?

Answer: In traditional file processing, data is stored in the form of files.

A number of application programs are written by programmers to insert,

delete, modify and retrieve data from these files.

New application programs will be added to the system as the need

arises. But these traditional file systems has some disadvantages. These
are-

1. Data Redundancy: Same information is stored in more than one

file. This would result in wastage of space.
2. Data Inconsistency: If a file is updated then all the files
containing similar information must be updated else it would result
in inconsistency of data.
3. Lack of Data Integration: As data files are independent,
accessing information out of multiple files becomes very difficult.
Database approach overcomes these problems

In database approach, a single repository of data is maintained which is

accessed by different users as per their needs.

7. What is DBMS?

Answer: Database Management System (DBMS) is a collection of

programs that enables users to create, maintain and use a database. It
enables creation of a repository of data that is defined once and then
accessed by different users as per their requirements.

8. Write the characteristics of DBMS?

Answer: The main characteristics of a DBMS are: –

(a) Self-describing Nature of a Database System: DBMS

contains not only the database but also the description of the data
that it stores.
(b) Insulation Between Programs and Data: Since the definition
of data is stored separately in a DBMS, any change in the
structure of data would be done in the catalogue and hence
programs which access this data need not be modified. This
property is called Program-Data Independence.
(c) Sharing of Data: A multiuser environment allows multiple
users to access the database simultaneously. Thus a DBMS must
include concurrency control software to allow simultaneous
access of data in the database without any inconsistency
problems.

9. What is Data Dictionary?

Answer: Data Dictionary is the repository which stores the Meta-data. It

contains the structure of the data and also the constraints that are
imposed on the data.

10. What is Meta Data?

Answer: Description of data is called Meta Data i.e. Data about Data is
called Meta Data.

11. What is the use of concurrency control software?

Answer: Concurrency control software is allow

simultaneous access of data in the database without any inconsistency
problems.

12. How many types of DBMS users? Write their names.

Answer: There are four types of DBMS users.

These are –

(a) End Users

(b) Database Administrator (DBA)
(c) Application Programmers
(d) System Analyst

13. Who is the End Users?

Answer: Users who use the database for querying, modifying and
generating reports as per their needs. They are not concerned about the
working and designing of the database. They simply use the DBMS to
get their task done.

14. Who is DBA?

Answer: DBA is the Database Administrator. The DBA administers the

database and the DBMS. The DBA is responsible for authoring access,
monitoring its use, providing technical support, acquiring software and
hardware resources.

15. Who is Application Programmers?

Answer: Application programmes write application programs to interact

with the database. These programs are written in high level languages
and SQL to interact with the database.

16. Who is System Analyst?

Answer: System analyst determines the requirements of the end users

and then develops specifications to meet these requirements.

A system analyst plays a major role in the database design and all the
technical, economic and feasibility aspects.

17. What are the advantages of DBMS?

Answer: Advantages of DBMS are:-

1. Reduction in Redundancy / Reduce Data Redundancy: There

is no repetition of the same data.
2. Improved Consistency: The chances of data inconsistencies in a
database are also reduced as there is a single copy of data that
is accessed or updated by all the users.
3. Improved Availability / Sharing of Data: Same information is
made available to different users. This helps sharing of
information by various users of the database.
4. Improved Security: Though there is improvement in the
availability of information to users, it may also be required to
restrict the access to confidential information.
5. User Friendly: Using a DBMS, it becomes very easy to access,
modify and delete data. It reduces the dependency of users on
computer specialists to perform various data related operations in
a DBMS because of its user friendly interface.

18. What are the disadvantages/limitations of using DBMS

approach?

Answer: Two main disadvantages of using a DBMSE are: –

1. High Cost: The cost of implementing a DBMS system is very

high. It is also a very time consuming process.
2. Security and Recovery Overheads: Unauthorized access to a
database can lead to threat to the individual or organization
depending on the data stored.

19. Who developed the Relational Database?

Answer: Relational database was developed by E.F Codd at IBM in

1970.

20. What is the Relational Database?

Answer: Relational database is used to organize collection of data as a

collection of relations where each relation corresponds to a table of
values.

Each row in the table corresponds to a unique instance of data and each
column name is used to interpret the meaning of that data in each row.

21. Define the following terms in respect to Relational Database,

with the help of example.

(a) Tuple (b) Attribute (c) Relation (d) Domain (e) Degree (f)
Cardinality

Answer:

Tuple : A row is called a Tuple.

Attribute: A column is called an Attribute.
Relation : A table is called as a Relation.
Domain: The set of values of an attribute is called Domain. The
data type of values in each column is called the Domain.
Degree of Relation: The number of attributes in a relation is
called the Degree of a relation.
Cardinality of Relation: The number of rows in a relation is
called the Cardinality of a relation.

22. What is Domain?

Answer: The domain is a set of atomic (or indivisible) values. The

domain of a database attribute is the set of all the possible values that
attribute may contain.

In order to specify a domain, we specify the data type of that attribute.

Table Creation and Manipulation

Question Answer
23. What are the characteristics of Relation?

Answer: Characteristics of Relation are: –

1. Ordering of tuples is not important in a Relation.

2. The ordering of attributes is also unimportant.
3. No two tuples of relation should be identical i.e. given any pair of
two tuples, value in at least one column must be different.
4. The value in each tuple is an atomic value (indivisible).
5. If the value of an attribute in a tuple is not known or not applicable
or not available, a special value called null is used to represent
them.

24. What is a Relational DBMS?

Answer: A Relational DBMS (RDBMS) is a DBMS which is based on the

relational model. In this DBMS, two or more tables can be interrelated
with the help of Primary Key and Foreign Key constraint. This is one of
the most commonly used databases.

25. Write the name of five Relational DBMSs?

Answer: Name of five RDBMS (Relational Database Management

Systems) are

Oracle, MySQL, IBM DB2, MS Access, OpenOffice Base, Microsoft

SQL Server, etc.

26. What is the Constraint in a Relational Data Model?

Answer: Constraints are restrictions on the values, stored in a database

based on the requirements.

For example, in the relation EMPLOYEE,

the Employee_ID must be a 4-digit number,

the Date_of_Birth must be greater than ’31-12-1985′.

27. What is Domain Constraint?

Answer: Domain Constraint specifies that the value of every attribute in

each tuple must be
from the domain of that attribute.

28. What is a Key Constraint?

Answer: Constraints like Super Key, Primary Key, Candidate Key, and
Foreign Key are known as Key constraints.

29. What is a Super Key?

Answer: Superkey is a set of attributes in a relation, for which no two

tuples in a relation state
have the same combination of values.

Every relation must have at least one superkey which is the

combination of all attributes in a relation.

For the EMPLOYEE relation, the following are some of the superkeys:

(a) {Name, Employee_ID, Gender, Salary, Date_of_birth} –

default superkey
consisting of all attributes.
(b) {Name, Employee_ID, Date_of_Birth}
(c) {Employee_ID, Gender, Salary}
(d) {Name, Employee_ID, Gender}
(e) {Employee_ID}

30. What is a Candidate Key?

Answer: A field/key has the capability to become the primary key, called
a candidate key.

31. What is a Primary Key?

Answer: Primary key is a candidate key, which can uniquely identify the
tuples in a relation. One or more candidate keys can be chosen as
Primary Key.

Primary keys are usually underlined in the schema of the relation. For
example in the relation schema: PERSON (Aadhar_number, PAN,
Voter_ID_cardno, Name, Date_of_birth, Address), Aadhar_number is
the primary key.

32. What is a Foreign Key?

Answer: A non-key attribute, whose values are derived from the primary
key of some other table, known as foreign key.

33. What is an Alternate Key?

Answer: A candidate key that is not the primary key is called an

Alternate key.

34. What is a Null Value Constraint?

Answer: Null value constraint ensures that attribute must not contain a
Null value. The Null Value constraint is known as NOT NULL in SQL.

35. What is Entity Integrity Constraint?

Answer: Entity Integrity Constraint specifies that the primary key of a

relation cannot have a null value.

The reason behind this constraint is that we know the primary key
contains no duplicates.
However, if we allow null values for a primary key then there can
be multiple tuples for which the primary key is having null values.
This would imply that we are allowing duplicate values (NULL) for
a primary key which itself violates the definition of the primary
key.
The main purpose of this constraint is to check that data entered
in one relation is consistent with the data entered in another
relation.

36. What is a Referential Integrity Constraint?

Answer: Referential Integrity Constraint is specified between two

relations. It is also known as Foreign Key Constraint.

It ensures that relationships between records in related tables (primary

key table [referenced table] and foreign key table [referencing table]) are
valid and that users don’t accidentally delete or change related data.

Unit 1 Database Concepts – NCERT Book Solution

Table Creation and Manipulation Question Answer

← Previous Post Next Post →

Related Posts

Class 12 Information Technology Class 12 IT 802 Unit 3

802 Term 1 2021-22 Examination Fundamentals of Java – Important
Question Paper with Answer Key Questions Answers
Class 12 Information Technology 802 / By Class 12 Information Technology 802, Java
mycstutorial Question Answer / By mycstutorial

Class 12 Information Technology Class 12 Information Technology

Code 802 Important Questions 802 Term 2 2021-22 Board
Answers Examination Question Paper with
Class 12 Information Technology 802 / By Answer Key
mycstutorial Class 12 Information Technology 802 / By
mycstutorial

Class 12 IT 802 Unit 1: Database Class 12 IT 802 Unit 1 Database

Concepts – SQL Table Creation concepts NCERT Book solution
and Manipulation Commands Class 12 Information Technology 802, Class 12
Question Answer Information Technology 802 NCERT Book
Class 12 Information Technology 802 / By Solution / By mycstutorial
mycstutorial

Class 12 IT 802 Unit 3 Data Types and Variables in Java

Fundamentals of Java Important Question Answer
Programming NCERT Book Class 12 Information Technology 802, Java
solution Question Answer / By mycstutorial
Class 12 Information Technology 802, Class 12
Information Technology 802 NCERT Book
Solution / By mycstutorial

Join Our Community

Enter your email address to register to our newsletter subscription delivered on regular basis!

CBSE Popular Links Quick Links

CBSE Curriculum 2023-24 Computer Science

CBSE Skill Education Curriculum 2023-24 Informatics Practices

Class 12 SQP & MS 2023-24 Information Technology

Class 10 SQP & MS 2023-24 Artificial Intelligence

MyCSTutorial is working for free
education for all. We are try to provide 9 to 12 CBSE Study Material Links 2023-24 Computer Application 165

educational aids free of cost, study CBSE Question Bank 2023-24 Class 10
material, sample papers and so many CBSE Question Bank 2023-24 Class 12 Contact Info
other things also.
CBSE Question Bank 2023-24 (KVS Raipur)
Our only moto to help the students CBSE Question Bank 2023-24 (KVS Raipur) Phone
without any trouble or cost.
CBSE Question Bank 2023-24 (KVS Hyd) +91 8221909045

Email

Follow Us [email protected]

COPYRIGHT © 2023 MYCSTUTORIAL- THE PATH TO SUCCESS IN EXAM POWERED BY ANJEEV SINGH