POKHARA UNIVERSITY
Level: Master Semester – Fall Year : 2020
Programme: M. Sc. CM Full Marks: 100
Course: Research Methodology Pass Marks: 60
Time : 4hrs.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far
as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt all the questions.
1. a. Explain different sources of problems for investigation. 7
b. In writing up the chapter on research method, quantitative and 8
qualitative research strategies are accounted differently. For each
of the words below (a-h), decide if the word belongs to
quantitative or qualitative research, or if it fits equal in both.
Write”qualitative”, ”quantitative” or ”both", and explain why it
fits in that category.
i) Hypothesis testing, ii) Structured interview, iii) Validity,
iv) Experimental design, v) Ethnography, vi) Triangulation.
vii) Reliability, viii) Cluster sampling
2. a. Explain the types of hypothesis with examples. Explain how 8
hypothesis is used in scientific method?
b. What is variable? Explain different scales used for measurement 7
of variables.
3. a. For providing the water supply scheme population survey of 8
Hunainath Rural Municipality was conducted. The village
population was divided in to five strata such that N 1 = 2000, N2 =
2000, N3= 1800, N4 = 1700, and N5 = 2500. Respective standard
deviations are σ1 = 1.6, σ2 = 2, σ3 = 4.4, σ4 = 4.8, σ5= 6.0. How a
sample size of n=226 be allocated to the five strata if we adapt
proportionate sampling design.
b. List and explain the quantative approach in social and scientific 7
research method.
4. a. Explain the methods that would help in carrying out the 8
1
investigation the firm or organization together with describing the
data collection of qualitative and quantative respectively. 4+3
b. If a simple random sample from a population of 700 items is to be
drawn to estimate with 90% confidence interval (z=1.645), what
should be the size of sample? Consider 10% error, assuming
maximum variability. Explain the terms reliability and validity
with suitable examples.
5. a. ‘Knowing what data are available serves to narrow down the 8
problem itself as well as the technique that might be used’.
Explain the underlying idea in above statement in the context of
defining a data analysis method. Narrate techniques of data
analysis.
b. Explain different types of research report. 7
6. a. How would you set your data in discrete and continues series? 8
What is data management with coding?
b. Make a distinction between universe sampling and purposive
7
sampling and explain in what Circumstances universe sampling is
preferred over other sampling methods?
7. Write short notes on any two: 2×5
a. Quality of researcher
b. Universe of study
c. Interdisciplinary research
