Concepts and Technologies of AI

(5CS037)

Project Report
[Topic]

Student Id : 2227421
Student Name : Nadim Jung Pandey
Group : L5CG2
Module Leader : Saiman giri
Asst. Module Leader : Anmol Adhikari
Instructor : Anmol Adhikari
Cohort :8

Submitted on : 20-01-2023
Table of Contents
Abstract-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
Introduction-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
What is Ethics?--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
What is Ethics of AI and Ethical AI?------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
Why should we build Ethical AI?---------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
Review of Major ethical dilemmas and moral questions associated with AI-------------------3
Initiatives in the field of Ethical AI--------------------------------------------------------------------------4
Generic Framework/Principle for the development and use of AI---------------------------------5
Discussion----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
References----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
Abstract

In today’s generation, Artificial Intelligence is growing pretty fast and it has the potential to change
the whole world. This research aims to find the Ethics, Dilemmas, Initiatives, and Development of
Artificial Intelligence. This research starts with the introduction to ethics, ethics of AI and Ethical
AI.
Followed by Initiatives and development of AI. Overall, this study proves an understanding to
advantages and disadvantages of AI and it also gives the overview on the industries improving it.

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Introduction

Artificial Intelligence also knowns as AI in short is one of the most growing buzzwords in the
technological world and it’s with a very good reason. In simple words, Artificial Intelligence is the
process of making a machine (computer, robot, software) to be able to think and act on its own self
by reading or copying the patterns of the brain of human beings and making the machine think
intelligently like the human mind. (Kelley, 2023)

What is Ethics?
Ethnics is a set of rules which is helpful to distinguish between correct and incorrect. It also refers
to the branch of philosophy which deals with moral values and principles.

What is Ethics of AI and Ethical AI?

The values or principles that guides the use and development of AI systems is known as ethics of
Artificial Intelligence. It is also helpful in making decisions about what is correct and incorrect for
the development, designing and deployment of the systems of AI which can include issues like
confidentiality, autonomy, transparency, responsibility, and favoritism. It also deals with the impact
that Artificial Intelligence will have on society and the economical state, such as job displacement
and the development of autonomous weapons.

Artificial intelligence (AI) that adheres to moral standards and ideals including justice,
accountability, transparency, and non-discrimination is referred to as ethical AI. (AI ethics, n.d.)

Key components of ethical AI are:

 Fairness: confirming that the AI systems do not hate or discriminate against certain groups
of people and that the decisions that are made by the AI are very fair.
 Explainability: enabling the decision-making process of the AI to be explicable and
interpretable, allowing for the evaluation and comprehension of its conclusions.
 Accountability: guaranteeing that there is a distinct and accountable party who can be held
liable for any unfavorable effects or mistakes made by the AI.
 Privacy: preventing the gathering, use, or sharing of people's personal data and information
without their consent.

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  Human oversight: putting a human in the loop for some decision-making procedures to
guarantee that AI does not make damaging judgments for people.

Why should we build Ethical AI?

We should build Ethical AI for many reasons, Such as:
 Promoting social justice by designing to make sure that the decisions the ethical AI make
are fair.
 Ethical AI system protects the data and privacy of the people by not using their data and
information without their permission.
 Ethical AI avoids negative impacts on the society and individual such as job displacement.
 Ethical AI can also improve people’s lives by providing new opportunities. (Roe, 2021)

Review of Major ethical dilemmas and moral questions associated with AI

The field of AI ethics has extensively examined a number of ethical dilemmas and moral issues
related to AI. The most popular ones are:
 Bias: The possibility for bias in the data used to develop and test AI systems is one of the
biggest ethical problems connected with AI. Certain groups of people may experience unfair
or discriminating consequences as a result of this.
 Privacy: As the AI system grows rapidly it will be able to collect a large amount of data and
personal information without permission which raises concerns.
 AI replacing Jobs: As the AI systems grow and become more capable of doing things faster
and efficiently than humans, there are concerns about the possibility of job displacement.
 Ethical concerns in AI-driven surveillance and policing: The use of AI-driven surveillance
and policing can lead to questions as, how is the data being used, who or what is being
monitored, and who is responsible if anything negative happens.
 Transparency: As AI system grows more complex which can make it difficult to understand
in what way they make conclusions.
 Accountability: As AI does all the work by itself so who will be responsible for their
conclusions and activities.

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  Deception and manipulation: Another significant ethical problem is the use of AI to spread
false information. As it can be used easily to falsify information about certain type of things.

These are only a few of the numerous moral dilemmas and ethical issues raised by AI. It's critical
that we keep these concerns in mind as AI technology develops and endeavor to create ethical and
responsible AI systems. (Bossmann, 2016)

Initiatives in the field of Ethical AI

A number of regional, global, and national projects have been launched to advance ethical,
transparent, and fair AI. Several instances include:
 The partnership on AI: In this international cooperation, businesses like Google, Facebook,
and Microsoft are joined by charitable organizations and academic institutions. The
partnership's objectives include creating AI best practices, increasing public awareness of
AI, and researching AI's social implications.
 The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems: The objective
of this initiative is to enhance the development of morally and ethically compliant
intelligent, autonomous systems. It offers suggestions for the creation and layout of such
systems.
 The AI for Good Global Summit: The International Telecommunication Union has called a
meeting to discuss the potential applications of AI in society. Participants include experts
from the public sector, private industry, and civil society.
 The European Commission's High-Level Expert Group on AI: This group was set up by the
European Commission to develop a European AI strategy and offer suggestions on how to
guarantee that AI is developed in a manner consistent with European values. (Martinovs,
2019)

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Generic Framework/Principle for the development and use of AI

A number of frameworks and guiding concepts have been put out for the creation and use of AI.
Several instances include:
 The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems: This program
comprises standards for the creation of autonomous and intelligent systems that are founded
on the virtues of accountability, openness, and humanity.
 The Asilomar AI Principles: These recommendations for the responsible design and
application of AI include checking that AI systems are trustworthy, safe, and secure as well
as that they promote human rights and dignity. These guidelines were developed by a group
of leading AI researchers and specialists.
 The European Commission's High-Level Expert Group on AI: This group has developed a
set of ethical standards for the development and use of artificial intelligence, encompassing
concepts like transparency, fairness, and nondiscrimination.
 The UK's Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation: For AI and other data-driven technologies,
this group has developed a set of moral principles, such as fairness, accountability, and
transparency.
 The Center for Responsible AI of the United Nations: The United Nations Center for
Responsible AI has developed guidelines for the moral use of artificial intelligence. Human-
centeredness, openness, justice, non-discrimination, and accountability are some of these
values. (Think Tank, 2020)

Discussion

Based on my report above, building ethical AI is a very complex task where we should compare a
wide range of possibilities. It is very important to build AI systems which are very fair and non-
discriminative. A system that is highly accurate can also be very hard to understand. A thorough
approach that considers a wide range of moral and societal challenges is required for developing
ethical AI. Collaboration and discussion amongst experts from other fields, such as computer
science, philosophy, sociology, and law, are required to resolve this. In this continual process, the
AI systems must be evaluated, tracked, and enhanced on a regular basis.

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References

Lawton, G. (2023, January). Whatis.com. Retrieved from techtarget:

https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/AI-code-of-ethics#:~:text=What%20are%20ethics
%20in%20AI,develop%20AI%20codes%20of%20ethics.
Kelley, K. (2023, January 2). What is AI? Retrieved from simplilearn:
https://www.simplilearn.com/tutorials/artificial-intelligence-tutorial/what-is-artificial-
intelligence
AI ethics. (n.d.). Retrieved from IBM: https://www.ibm.com/topics/ai-ethics#:~:text=AI%20ethics
%20is%20a%20set,behaviors%20and%20subsequently%2C%20our%20data.
Roe, D. (2021, June 25). What is Ethical AI and why is it important. Retrieved from reworked:
https://www.reworked.co/information-management/why-ethical-ai-wont-catch-on-anytime-
soon/#:~:text=Ethics%20in%20AI%20ensures%20that,driving%20cars%20that
%20encounter%20accidents.
Bossmann, J. (2016, October 2016). World Economic Forum. Retrieved from weforum:
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/10/top-10-ethical-issues-in-artificial-intelligence/
Martinovs, D. (2019, August 22). Sage Ocean. Retrieved from ocean:
https://ocean.sagepub.com/blog/10-organizations-leading-the-way-in-ethical-ai
Think Tank. (2020, March 11). Retrieved from europarl:
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_STU(2020)634452