COMPETENCY – BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector: AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY

Qualification: AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION NC II

Unit of Competency: PLANT CROPS

Module Title: PLANTING CROPS

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

WANGAN NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL
Wangan Calinan, Davao City

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
1
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY – BASED LEARNING MODULE
Welcome to the Module; PLANTING CROPS . This Module contains
training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency PLANT CROPS contains the knowledge, skills
and attitudes required for Agricultural Production NC-II. It is one of the Core
Modules at National Certificate Level II (NC II)
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to
complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome there
are Information Sheets, Resource Sheets and References Materials for further
reading to help you better understand the required activities. Follow these
activities on your own and answer the self-check at the end of each learning
outcome. Get the answer key from your instructor and check your work
honestly. If you have questions, please don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for
assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in
this module because you have:
 Been working for sometime
 Already completed training in this area
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a
particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally recognized
so you won’t have to do the same training again. If you have qualifications or
Certificates of Competency from previous trainings, show them to your trainer. If
the skills you acquired are still relevant to this module, they may become part of
the evidence you can present for RPL.
At the end of this learning material is a Learner’s Diary, use this diary to
record important dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events that will
assist you in providing further details to your trainer or assessors. A Record of
Achievement is also provided for land preparation for agricultural , Implement
Post Harvest Program and Implement Plant Nutrition, our trainer to complete
once you completed the module.
This learning material was prepared to help you achieve the required
competency, in. This will be the source of information for you to acquire the

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
2
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
knowledge and skills in this particular trade independently and at your own pace
with minimum supervision or help from your instructor.

In doing the activities to complete the requirements of his module, please be

guided by the following:

Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the training under
this module. Read through the module carefully. It is divided into sections,
which cover all the skills, and knowledge you need to successfully complete.

Work through all information and complete the activities in each section. Read
the information sheets and complete the self-checks provided. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in this module.

Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager. He/ She is
there to support you and show you the correct way to do things. Ask for help.

Your trainer will tell you about the important things that you need to consider
when you are completing the activities and it is important that you listen and
take notes.

You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on the job.
Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work shifts. This way
you will improve both your speed and memory and also your confidence

Talk to more experienced work mates and ask for their guidance.

Use self-check question at the end of each section to test your own progress.

When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the activities outlined
in this module.

As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on your progress.
Your trainer keeps feedback/pre-assessment reports for this reason. When
you have completed this learning material and feel confident that you have
had sufficient knowledge and skills, your trainer will arrange an appointment
with a registered assessor to assess you. The results of the assessment will be
recorded in your Competency Achievement Record.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
3
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
SELF-ASSESSMENT CHECK
INSTRUCTIONS: This Self-Check Instrument will give the trainer necessary data
or information which is essential in planning training sessions.
Please check the appropriate box of your answer to the questions
below.

CORE COMPETENCIES ( Carry-out Harvest and Postharvest

Operations)

CAN I…? YES NO

Prepare tools materials and equipment for land clearing

Clear the land according to prescribed methods of
land preparation.
1. Remove and dispose debris according to waste
management standards
2. Collect soil samples for analysis based on standard
procedures.
3. Conduct land preparation according to crop
requirements
4. Apply basal fertilizer based on crop requirement an d
recommended rate.
5. Follow safety procedure for fertilizer application according t o
OSHS
6. Lay-out field according to recommended planting system

7. Perform digging of holes according to crop requirements.

8. Separate top soil used in covering the hole after planting.
9. Plant seeds according to recommended rate, distance and dept h
of planting.
10. Perform handling of seedlings from nursery base
on prescribe practices
11. Transplant seedlings based on crop practices.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
4
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 AGRICULTURAL CROPS NC II
List of Core Competencies

No Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Performing Nursery
1. Perform Nursery Operations AFF6101
Operations

AFF6102
2. Plant Crops Planting Crops

AFF6103
3. Care and Maintain Crops Caring and Maintaining Crops

Carry-out Harvest and Post- Carrying-out Harvest and AFF6104

4.
Harvest Operations Post-Harvest Operations

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
5
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: PLANT CROPS

CODE : AFF6102

MODULE TITLE : PLANTING CROPS

MODULEDESCRIPTOR : This unit covers the knowledge, ski l l s and

attitudes required to conduct activities related to land preparation and
planting of agricultural crops. This unit also includes proper handling of
seeds/seedlings/saplings for planting and transplanting, proper use of tools
and equipment, conduct land preparation and field lay-out.

NOMINAL DURATION : 65 HOURS

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of this module the students/trainees will be able to:

LO1. Prepare land for planting

LO2. Conduct field lay-out
LO3. Dig holes
LO4. Perform direct seeding
LO5. Transplant seedlings

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
6
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
LEARNING OUTCOME NO.1 PRAPARE LAND FOR PLANTING
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

 Tools, materials and equipment are prepared for land clearing

 The land is cleared according to prescribed methods of land
preparation
 Debris are removed and disposed according to waste management
standards.
 Soil samples are collected for analysis based on standard procedure
 Land preparation is conducted according to crop requirement.
 Basal fertilizer is applied based on crop requirement
 Safety procedures for fertilizer application is followed according to
OSHS
CONTENTS:

 Materials, tools and equipment for land clearing

 Methods of land clearing
 Methods of land preparation
 Waste management standards
 Importance of soil
 Fertilization base on crop requirement
 Safety procedure in fertilizer application

CONDITIONS:

The students/trainees must be provided with the following:

 Materials
 Tools
 Farm Equipment
 LCD Projector

METHODLOGIES:

 Demonstration
 Discussion
 Oral Questioning
 Video presentation

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
7
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ASSESSMENT METHODS:

 Direct observation with oral questioning

 Demonstration
 Written Exam

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Information Sheet 2.1-1 Read Information Sheet 2.1-1
Materials, Tools and Equipment for Land
Clearing

Self-check 2.1-1 Read and answer Self-check 2.1-1

Task Sheet 2.1-1 Read and Perform Task Sheet 2.1-1

Identify Materials, Tools and Equipment
for Land Clearing

Information Sheet 2.1-2 Read Information Sheet 2.1-2

Clearing the Land

Self-check 2.1-2 Read and answer Self-check 2. 1-2

Job Sheet 2.1-2 Clear Read and perform Job Sheet 2.1-2
the Land

Information Sheet 2.1-3 Land Read Information sheet 2.1-3

Preparation

Self-check 2.1-3 Read and answer Self-check 2.1-3

Perform Job Sheet 2.1-3 Prepare Read and perform Job Sheet 2.1-3
land

Information Sheet 2.1-4 Read Information Sheet 2.1-4

Importance of Soil

Self-check 2.1-4 Read and answer Self-check 2.1-4

Information Sheet 2.1-5 Fertilizer Read Information Sheet 2.1-5

and Safety Procedure in Applying

Self-check 2.1-5 Read and answer Self-check 2.1-5

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP
ISSUED BY: Page 8
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
of
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
100
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION #
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
Task sheet 2.1-5 Read and perform Task Sheet 2.1-5
Identify Fertilizer

Information sheet 2.1-6 Read Information Sheet 2.1-6

Waste Management procedures
Self-check 2.1-6 Read and answer Self-check 2.1-6

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-1

MATERIALS. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FOR LAND CLEARING

Objectives;
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to
1. Identify materials, tools and equipment for land preparation
2. Know the proper use of farm materials, tools and equipment

Introduction
Land clearing is the process of removing trees, stumps, brush, stones and other
obstacles from an area as required to increase the size of the crop producing land
base of an existing farm or to provide land for a new farm operation. The newly
cleared land must be ready for cultivation, including liming and leveling to meet
acceptable crop rotation and soil conservation goals.

Clearing of land is a task that requires quite a number of tools. More often than
not, the tools needed to clear a piece of land are depending on what it is that the
landowner is looking to remove from that piece of land.

 Use in cultivating small area.

 Use in digging holes for planting fruit trees.
 Shovel is used in removing trash, digging loose soil,
moving soil from one place to another and for mixing
Shovel soil media.
 Use in gathering cut grasses in the area.
 Use in levelling the garden plots.
 Rake is a long handled tool used create a fine tilt for
a seed bed, to level it out and to gather up surface
Rake stones. Do not confuse with a spring tine rake which
has little use when growing crop
A long handled tool traditionally used for digging,
shoveling soil and compost. They are available in various
sizes and can often be bought as a set together with a
garden for
Spade

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
9
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
  Use in hauling tools, materials, fertilizers and soil.
 Use in hauling harvested crops from the field to the
stock room.
 Hauling planting materials from the nursery to the
Wheel Borrow field.
Is a hand tool used for digging, prying, and chopping.
Similar to the pickaxe, it has a long handle and a stout
head which combines either a vertical axe blade with a
horizontal adze (cutter mattock) or a pick and an adze
Mattock (pick mattock).
This is a generally T-shaped hand tool used for prying. Its
head is typically metal, attached perpendicularly to a
longer handle, traditionally made of wood, occasionally
metal, and increasingly fiberglass.

Pixaxe
This is a long handled fork which has 4-5 rounded prongs
or tines used for digging soil in situations where using a
spade may be difficult and also for turning the soil over to
make it more workable

Spading Fork
The grass hook is a heavier sickle shaped hook used for
cutting back long grass, thick weeds, brambles, light brush
clearing, and hacking back green new growth stems.

Grass Hook
A type of bolo that is use in cutting tall grasses during
clearing operations

Slashing Bolo
A bolo is a large cutting tool of Filipino origin similar to the
machete, used particularly in the jungles of Indonesia, the
Philippines, and in the sugar fields of Cuba. The
primary use for the bolo is clearing vegetation, whether for
agriculture or during trail blazing.
Bolo

EQUIPMENT FOR LAND CLEARING OPERATION

1. Mowers; It can use a mower to clear large area of land covered with
undergrowth. For areas that are walkable you can choose a self-propelled
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
10
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
11
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 model. For areas that are very large you can use a tow-behind model that
is commonly known as brush hog. These machines are good at clearing
saplings, tough weed and grasses. They are extremely powerful and make
the job a lot easier for you.
2. Grubber: The grubber is an effective grass removal equipment, ideal for
those cases in which you just need to remove a small section of bushes or
a few saplings here and there. For this you do not need equipment as
powerful as the mower but something more powerful than the lawn mower
and chainsaw. The grubber has spikes that can dig into a tree with a chain
attached to the other end. A truck or tractor can be used to pull out the
tree. This is available in different sizes and is the best way to remove one
sapling at a time.
3. Bulldozers: Bulldozers are pieces of equipment that are used in large land-
clearing needs. These are one of the most pieces of equipment that are
usually used. For land-clearing needs, there are many attachments that
can be attached in these tools to make the job easily. Some of the
attachments are a root plow to remove shrubs and bushes and a heavy-
duty rake to remove small trees, rocks and stumps.

Reference:
1. nearsay.com>NY>Wayne>Arcadia
2. thebackyardpros.com>tools-used-for-land-clearing
3. www.objectsofuse.com>marris-grass-hook

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
12
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF CHECK 2.1-1

MATCHING TYPE: Match Column A with Column B according to your knowledge,

experience and understanding. Write the letter of your answer on the answer
sheet provided for.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. Bulldozers a. use in chopping
2. Shovel b. used for prying
3. Grubber c. use to cut thick weeds
4. Grass cutter d. use in large land clearing
5. Slashing bolo e. use in cultivating small area
6. Grass hook f. use in cutting tall grasses
7. Pix Axe g. effective grass removal
h. clear large area of land covered with
underground

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
13
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.1-1

1. D
2. E
3. G
4. H
5. F
6. C
7. B

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
14
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 TASK SHEET 2.1-1

Title: IDENTIFY MATERIALS, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FOR LAND

CLEARING
Performance Objective: Given a time to go to the tool room
observe/identify the different land clearing materials, tools and
equipment

Supplies/Materials : bond paper; pencil, bullpen

Equipment/Tools : clearing tools, materials and equipment

Steps/Procedure:
1. Proceed to workstation (support services area) and familiarize all
farming tools, materials and equipment.
2. Record all the clearing tools, materials and equipment with their
respective names and functions.
3. Submit your records to the instructor and /or supervisor.
4. Implement 5’s in the work area.

Assessment Method:
 Observation with questioning
 Written examination

Trainer’s Name Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
15
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Performance Criteria Checklist 2.1-1

CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Familiarize all the clearing tools, materials and
equipment
2. Record all the materials, tools and equipment for
land clearing activity
3. Submit records to trainer and or supervisor.

4. Implement 5’s on the work station.

Comments / Suggestions:

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
16
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-2
METHODS OF LAND CLEARING

Objectives;
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Perform different methods of land clearing
2. Identify methods of land clearing

Introduction

Land clearing is the process of removing trees, stumps, brush, stones and other
obstacles from an area as required to increase the size of the crop producing land
base of an existing farm or to provide land for a new farm operation. The newly
cleared land must be ready for cultivation, including liming and leveling to meet
acceptable crop rotation and soil conservation goals.

This is an operation usually carried out before the conventional tillage in a farm
land. Generally, there are several operations that are involved in land clearing
depending on the type of vegetation, soil condition, topography, the extent of
clearing required and the purpose for which the clearing is done.

LAND CLEARING OPERATIONS

1. Removal of all vegetation at the ground level and moving and stacking
them in windrows for burning so that roots are left to decay or to be
removed at later dates.
2. Removal of all tree and stumps include roots, and moving and stacking
them in windrows for subsequent burning.
3. Ploughing and mixing in the vegetation to a soil depth of about 20cm
and allowing it to decay.
4. Knocking all vegetation down and crushing it to the surface of the
ground to be either burnt or left to decay.
5. Killing or retarding the growth of small trees by cutting the roots below
surface of the ground and leaving them to decay or removing and
stacking them for subsequent burning if necessary.

 Mechanized agriculture requires a proper land clearing

completion that will avert premature failure of the conventional
tillage machines put in use subsequently and minimize soil
nutrient depletion and structural damage due to interacting heavy
land clearing equipment-bulldozer and so on. To avert these
adverse effects, it is usually advisable that land clearing should be
better done in the dry season when the soil has adequate
mechanical stability or impendence to resist soil deformation or
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
17
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 structural damage. This is at minimal soil moisture content; the risk
of soil structural damage is minimized with the corresponding
high shear strength which can withstand both the vertical and
horizontal loads of the tractor – implement aggregate.

Total removal of vegetation is required for land clearing done for highway, dam
construction and as well as building site for poultry. In these particular
requirements, the need to preserve the top soil (that houses the essential
nutrient) and avert the soil structural damage is inconsequential unlike in
mechanized agriculture.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF CLEARING

The following factors among others, affect the rate of clearing1.

1. Rainfall
2. Topography
3. Equipment used
4. Skill of equipment operators
5. The end use of the land being cleared
6. Sizes and kinds of trees
7. Density of vegetation
8. Soil condition

METHODS OF LAND CLEARING

1. Hand method: This method involves use of hand tools such as cutlass,
hoes, axes, diggers for land clearing. However, when vegetation is thick, it
is very tedious and costly. This method does not encourage mass
production in agricultural production because of drudgery involved. It is
also very difficult to work in the field cleared by this method because of the
presence of stumps and underfoot which forms impediment to agricultural
machines.
2. Burning Method: This is very common in the remote areas for a variety of
reasons
 it clears the land for cultivation and for travel
 it provides grazing at the time of the year when the grass is at its
scariest
 it drives game from cover thus facilitating their capture
 man, appears to enjoy the sight of a good blaze especially at night.
However, preliminary results indicate that this method adversely affects
the soil in that the earthworm and microbial populations decrease as do
the organic matter and nitrogen content and general fertility

3. Chemical method: The stumps and regrowth can be eliminated or killed by

the use of chemical (herbicides/weedicides). These are artificially prepared
chemicals which kill unwanted forest trees/weeds.
Key factors to be considered for herbicide spraying are:
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
18
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 1. Planning – to ensure the right chemicals are used with the
appropriate equipment in a safe manner.
2. Target species – to ensure that appropriate herbicide is used for a
particular species of vegetation. The correct rate of application
must also be considered. • Topography – this will determine the
type of application (hand, ground based or aerial, depending upon
the land's steepness).
3. Climate – spraying is only conducted during calm conditions, as
overspray caused by wind drift may affect nearby plantation crops
or adjoining vegetation. • Proximity – to dwellings and crops.
Allowance is made for the proximity of water ways, streams and
stream life, and of non-targeted species.
4. Explosive blasting: This method is employed to remove very big stumps to
avoid excessive excavation of the soil. A wood auger is used to make a hold
in the center of the big stump and an appropriate quantity of dynamite is
applied and remotely detonated to shatter the wood.
5. Mechanical Method is employed usually when a large area of land is
required because of the cost. In this method of land clearing, various
mechanical equipment are used
Mechanical tools
1. Rolling chopper
2. Bulldozer blade
3. Anchor chain
4. Grass cutter
Key factors to be considered for mechanical clearing are:
1. Topography – consideration is made for the lie of the land. Various
mechanical applications are best suited for particular site
conditions.
2. Vegetation – the size and species of vegetation will influence the
most practical mechanical means to employ.
3. Availability of trained personnel – this is extremely important as the
competence Land Preparation Land Preparation 7 and attitudes of
all involved will lead to a successful operation and safe practices.
4. Climate – wet clay soils may risk compaction by heavy machinery,
therefore making planting difficult and affecting seedling root
growth.
5. Impact of soil erosion, soil type and water quality – intensive soil
disturbance during a clearing operation may cause a reduction in
site productivity. This may be caused by the erosion of soil from the
site. Eroded material may discharge into, or block nearby
waterways. The loss of vegetation will increase water run-off which
will continue until the forest cover re-establishes. This can be
reduced through installing cutoffs to cleared tracks.
6. Ground cover – undisturbed strips of ground cover can be left (to
trap eroded soil sediment) beside waterways and wetlands to filter
run-off material. The choice of mechanical land preparation – it is
extremely important to ensure the best mechanical application is
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
19
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 chosen for site. An incorrect choice could have a serious impact in many
of the situations set out above, and prove costly for the forest owner.

Most of these operations involve crawler tractor units of varying capacities and capability,
fitted with a cultivator. Well planned land preparation will:
 Clear land of scrub or vegetation of varying size and density
 Reduce sediment erosion and soil runoff
 Provide access for planting
 Prepare the ground for planting.

References:
1. www.gnb.ca>organic_production>land_development
2. edgelandworks.com.au>what-is-land-clearing

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
20
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.1-2

MATCHING TYPE: Match column A with Column B, write the letter of your answer
on the answer sheet provided for

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Hand method a. use for chemical method

2. Burning method b. for hand tool method
3. Chemical method c. involves the use of hand tools
4. Explosive blasting d. eliminates stumps and regrowth
5. Mechanical method e. done for a variety of reasons
6. Grass cutter f. employed to remove very big stumps
7. Herbicides/weedicides g. employed when large area is required
8. Slashing bolo h. mechanical tool

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
21
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.1-2

1. C
2. E
3. D
4. F
5. G
6. H
7. A
8. B

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
22
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 JOB SHEET 2.1-2
Title : CLEAR THE LAND

Performance Objectives:
Given the necessary tools and materials for land clearing, you
should be able to perform the activity according to trainer’s /supervisor
instruction.
Materials /Supplies : area

Tools/Equipment : clearing tools

Steps / Procedures:

1. Inspect the assigned area to be cleaned

2. Decide what method of land clearing to be used.

3. Prepare all the needed tools for land clearing activity.

4. Perform the activity according to the method to be used.

5. Use the appropriate tools for clearing the land

6. Perform post operational check of the tools and equipment

7. Implement 5’s on tools and equipment

Assessment Method:

Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
23
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Performance Criteria Checklists 2.1-2

Criteria YES NO
1. Inspect the assigned area to be cleaned

2. Decide what method of land clearing to be used.

3. Prepare all the needed tools for land clearing activity.

4. Perform the activity according to the method to be

used.

5. Use the appropriate tools for clearing the land

6. Perform post operational check of the tools and

equipment

7. Implement 5’s on tools and equipment

Comments / Suggestions:

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
24
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-3
LAND PREPARATION

Objectives;
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Perform land preparation
2. Identify the methods of land preparation

Introduction:

Land preparation starts with removal of shrubs and stumps from rice fields.
The land is then ploughed using hand hoes such as jembe/panga, oxen or
tractors. Power and equipment are required for tillage in different soil types are
varied. It is essential to plough when land is dry to reduce weed

Land preparation is important to ensure that the field is ready for planting. A
well-prepared field controls weeds, recycles plant nutrients, and provides a soft
soil mass for transplanting and a suitable soil surface for direct seeding.

Land preparation covers a wide range of practices from zero-tillage or minimum

tillage which minimizes soil disturbance through to a totally 'puddled' soil which
actually destroys soil structure

The purpose of land preparation is to provide the necessary soil conditions which
will enhance the successful establishment of the young offshoots or the tissue
culture plants received from the nursery.

Importance of Land Preparation:

1. To open the soil to provide aeration and received rain.
2. To cover and mix trash and other organic material with the soil.
3. To pulverize the soil to produce a fine granular structure and provide the
desirable seedbed.
4. To leave the soil in a smooth condition for later planting.
5. To destroy and prevent the growth of weeds.
6. To control pest and diseases in the soil.
7. To enhance deep root penetration
Land Preparation Procedure:
1. Clearing – is the process of removing grasses, standing crops, stumps
and plant re-growth present in the area.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
25
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Tools for clearing operation:
 Grass hook
 Slashing bolo
 Rake
2. Tilling – is the agricultural preparation of soil by mechanical agitation of
various types, such as digging, stirring, and overturning
Types of Tillage
 Primary tillage such as plowing tends
to produce a rough surface finish
 Secondary Tillage: tillage that is
shallower tillage tends to produce a
smoother surface finish, such as that
required to make a good seedbed for
many crops.
Tools for tilling:
 Plow – is the primary tillage tool used by farmers to break up the soil
and begin the process of producing crop. It cuts layer of soil from the
underlying subsoil and inverts it, so that vegetation or material on the
surface is buried.
 Shovel/spade– a tool consisting of a large shallow concave head
attached to the end of a long handle, used for lifting loose material and
moving it elsewhere.
3. Pulverizing – is the process of reducing soil
particles into fine texture. It is done by harrowing.
Tools for pulverizing:
 Harrow (comb-tooth harrow) – an iron frame
with spikes or disks in echelon, drawn by
tractor or an animal and used after plowing to
break up clods of the soil into a fine tilt, to
cover seed with or to tear up weeds.
4. Furrowing – is the process of making trench in the soil for planting.
Tools for furrowing:
 Plow
 Shovel
Procedure in Plowing and Harrowing:
1. Prepare all the needed tools and equipment for the job to be done.
2. Install the plow.
3. Harrow first the field properly to topple down grasses or crops previously
harvested.
4. Plow the field to break up the soil.
5. Allow the field heated under the heat of the sun so to break the soil sods.
6. One week later, harrow the field and allow the weeds to grow.
7. When weed seeds are growing, plow again to eradicate them.
8. Finally, harrow the field to pulverize the soil properly and level higher

Land preparation is important to ensure that the rice field is ready for planting.
It typically involves
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
26
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
1. plowing to "till" or dig-up, mix, and overturn the soil

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
27
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
2. harrowing to break the soil clods into smaller mass and incorporate plant
residue
3. leveling the field: it turns the soil texture into fine and smooth particles.

Primary Land Preparation

1. Mould Board Plow
 It is the most Important plough for primary tillage in canal irrigated or
heavy rain areas where too much weeds grow.
 To completely invert and pulverize the soil,
up-root all weeds, trash and crop residues
and bury them under the soil.
 It is also used for turning and mixing green
manure crop for decaying under the soil,
which adds humus to the soil.

2. Disc Plough
 It is especially useful in hard and dry, trashy, stony or stumpy land
conditions and in soil where scouring is
a major problem.
 It is more suitable for land in which there
is much fibrous growth of weeds as the disc
cuts and incorporates the weeds.

Secondary tillage implements

1. Lighter or finer operations performed on the soil after primary tillage is
known as secondary tillage.
3. After ploughing, the fields are left with large clods with some weeds and
partially uprooted stubbles.
4. Harrowing is to be done to a shallow depth to crush the clods and to
uproot the remaining weeds and stubbles.
Rotary tiller: The rotary tiller is widely considered as the most important
implement as it provides fine degree of soil pulverization. It is directly
mounted to the tractor and operated.

Reference:
1. www.fao.org
2. www.nzdl.org>gsdlmod.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
28
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.1-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer, write your answer on the answer
sheet provided for.

1. It is to be done to a shallow depth to crush the clods and to uproot the

remaining weeds and stubbles.
a. Plowing b. levelling c. harrowing d. tilling
2. It is widely considered as the most important implement as it provides fine
degree of soil pulverization. It is directly mounted to the tractor and
operated.
a. Rotary tiller c. disc plough
b. Mould board plough d. bulldozer
3. It turns the soil texture into fine and smooth particles.
a. Plowing b. levelling c. harrowing d, furrowing
4. It is also used for turning and mixing green manure crop for decaying
under the soil, which adds humus to the soil.
a. Disc plow b. rotary tiller c. mould board plow d. all of the above
5. To break the soil clods into smaller mass and incorporate plant residue
a. Harrowing b. furrowing c. levelling d. plowing

B. IDENTIFICATION: Identify the correct answer and write your answer on the
answer sheet provided for.

1.Is the process of making trench in the soil for planting.

2. The site should be serviced by good roads for ease of transport and to
potential customers.

3. Is the primary tillage tool used by farmers to break up the soil and begin
the process of producing crop?
4. Refer to the tools, materials, equipment and the stock / tool room for the farm
equipment and supplies
5. a tool consisting of a large shallow concave head attached to the end of a long
handle, used for lifting loose material and moving it elsewhere.

6. it is the basic foundation for plant growth and development. It also refers
to the type, drainage, depth, fertility and pH level.

7.is the process of reducing soil particles into fine texture.

8. refers to the socio-economic factors
9.is the agricultural preparation of soil by mechanical agitation of various
types, such as digging, stirring, and overturning.
10. it refers to the temperature, rainfall, light humidity and air

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
29
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANWER KEY 2.1-3

1. C
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. A

1. Furrowing
2. Accessibility
3. Plow
4. Facilities / amenities
5. Shovel/spade
6. Soil
7. Pulverizing
8. Socio-economic consideration
9. Tilling
10. Climatic requirements

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
30
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 JOB SHEET 2.1-3
Title : PREPARE LAND

Performance Objectives:
Given the necessary tools and materials for land preparation, you
should be able to perform the activity according to trainer’s /supervisor
instruction.
Materials /Supplies : area

Tools/Equipment : land preparation tools

Steps / Procedures:

1. Inspect the assigned area to be cleaned

2. Prepare all the needed tools for land preparation activity.

3. Perform pre-operational check on the tools and equipment prior to

the activity

4. Perform the activity according to the job standard

5. Perform post operational check of the tools and equipment

6. Implement 5’s on tools and equipment

Assessment Method:

Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
31
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Performance Criteria Checklists 2.1-3

Criteria YES NO
1. Inspect the assigned area to be cleaned

2. Prepare all the needed tools for land preparation

activity.

3. Perform pre-operational check on the tools and

equipment prior to the activity

4. Perform the activity according to the job standard

5. Perform post operational check of the tools and

equipment

6. Implement 5’s on tools and equipment

Comments / Suggestions:

Trainer’s Name : Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
32
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-4
IMPORTANCE OF SOIL

Objectives;
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Perform soil sampling
2. Know and understand the function of fertilizer

Introduction

Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gasses, liquids and organisms that
together support life

Soils are essential for life, in the sense that they provide the medium for plant
growth, habitat for many insects and other organisms, act as a filtration system
for surface, carbon store and maintenance of atmospheric gases. Soils provide
plants with essential minerals and nutrients

TYPES OF SOIL
1. Sandy-has a gritty element-you can feel sand grains within it, and it falls
through your finger
2. Clay- soil feels lumpy and is sticky when wet and rock hard when dry
3. Silty-are rare especially in the garden
4. Peaty- is very rarely found in natural gardens
5. Loamy -comprised of a mixture of clay, sand and silt that avoid the
extremes of clay or sandy soils and are fertile, well-drained and
easily worked. They can be clay-loam or sandy-loam depending on
their predominant composition and cultivation characteristics
6. Chalky may be light or heavy but are largely made up of calcium carbonate
and are very alkaline
TIPS IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF SOIL
 Composting an excellent way to recycle old kitchen and yard waste into
one of the finest soil amendments you can find.
Not only do you save waste from the landfills,
but the composted materials feed your
soil with lots of beneficial
microorganisms. Compost also helps
reduce plant diseases, and improves your
soil drainage.
 Manure the best and healthiest way to improve
your soil versus chemical fertilizers. Cow,
chicken, rabbit, horse and sheep manure
contains a variety of other nutrients like
phosphorus and potassium from herbivorous
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
33
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
animal waste.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
34
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
  Practice crop rotation. Growing a diversity of crops in your garden keeps
the soil healthy too
 Grow cover crops: Another organic gardening tip to steal from farmers is
the idea of growing cover crops. Also called “green manures,” these cover
crops to add organic matter, suppress weeds, prevent erosion, fight plant
diseases and aerate the soil.
 Wood Ash: Ash is made up of small percentages of potassium, lime,
phosphorus, magnesium, aluminum and
sodium. Due to the small amounts of elements, wood
ash is often referred to as a low-grade fertilizer
but it works very well in conjunction with other
amendments. The ashes also improve acidic soil
by raising the pH.

Reference
1. www.boughton.co.uk>Producty>topsoil
2. www.motherearthnews.com>organic-gardening>8.st...

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
35
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer and write it on the answer sheet
provided for

1. It is made up of small percentages of potassium, lime, phosphorus,

magnesium, aluminum and sodium
a. Composting c. manure
b. Wood ash d. cover crops
2. It adds organic matter, suppress weeds, prevent erosion, fight plant diseases
and aerate the soil.
a. Cover cops c. crop rotation
b. Manure d. composting
3. The type of soil that has a gritty element-you can feel sand grains within it,
and it falls through your finger
a. Sandy soil c. loamy soil
b. Peat moss d. chalky soil
4. The type of soil that may be light or heavy but are largely made up of calcium
carbonate and are very alkaline
a. Loamy soil c. peat moss soil
b. Loamy soil d. chalky soil
5. The best and healthiest way to improve your soil versus chemical fertilizers
a. Cover crops c. composting
b. Wood ash d. manure

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
36
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.1-4

1. B
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. D

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
37
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-5
FERTILIZER AND SAFETY PROCEDURE IN APPLIYING FERTILIZER

Objectives:
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Know the function of fertilizer to plants
2. Identify the different methods of applying fertilizer

Introduction:

Fertilizers are chemical substances supplied to the crops to increase their

productivity. These are used by the farmers daily to increase the crops yield.
The fertilizers contain the essential nutrients required by the plants including
nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus

Fertilizers play an important role in providing crops with the nutrients they need
to grow and be harvested for nutritious food. Fertilizers help deliver enough food
to feed the world's population.
TYPES OF FERTILIZER
1. Organic fertilizers are made from natural and organic materials—mainly
manure, compost, or other animal and plant products.
These fertilizers are a great source of nutrients, though there isn’t a
measurable amount of any specific nutrients—some bags will print
estimates.
Organic fertilizers tend to work slowly and over the long-term. It can help
to build up your soil over time. One of the best benefits of organic fertilizers
is that is can be made at home.
2. Inorganic fertilizers are made of up chemical components that contain
necessary nutrients. If you’re looking to give your garden a quick boost,
this is likely the best option for you. For successful short-term growth,
determine what nutrient your plant needs and use an inorganic fertilizer
with nutrient
FUCNTION OF MAJOR NUTRIENTS

Nitrogen Fertilizers

Nitrogen is a plan nutrient responsible for growth. This ingredient is useful in

fertilizers, particularly during the middle stages of a plant’s lifespan, when it
needs encouragement to continue to grow large and stem new leaves. Both
organic and inorganic fertilizers have sources of nitrogen in them.

Phosphate Fertilizers

Phosphorous is a nutrient that plants need continuously. Throughout their

lifecycle, phosphorous help to strengthen the root system and stems of a plant.
Flowering, seeding, and fruiting can all be improved with phosphorous.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
38
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
Plants with a phosphorous deficiency will experience stunted growth.
Phosphorous is long-lasting and slow acting. Using fertilizer in your soil before
planting is generally a good idea.

Potassium

Potassium will help your plants to grow deeper and stronger roots. It can also
help protect your plants from harm when they are deprived of other nutrients.
This nutrient is vital for photosynthesis and has the ability to slow down any
diseases that may infect your garden. Potassium fertilizer has a lot of benefits.
The when and how of planting this fertilizer will depend on what you’re are
planting. When you are using this fertilizer, place it as close to the roots as
possible.

If there is a potassium deficiency in your plant, you may see yellowing or

browning on the edges of leaves. Leaves will eventually die off if the deficiency
continues.

METHODS OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION

1. Broadcasting: It refers to spreading fertilizers uniformly all over the field

 Top dressing It is the broadcasting of fertilizers particularly

nitrogenous fertilizers in closely sown crops
 Basal application -the application of fertilizer at the base of the plant
before planting.
2. Placement: It refers to the placement of fertilizers in soil at a specific place
with or without reference to the position of the seed.
 Plough sole placement: In this method, fertilizer is placed at the
bottom of the plough furrow in a continuous band during the process
of ploughing
 Deep placement: It is the placement of ammonia Cal nitrogenous
fertilizers in the reduction zone of soil particularly in paddy fields,
where ammonia nitrogen remains available to the crop. This method
ensures better distribution of fertilizer in the root zone soil and
prevents loss of nutrients

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
39
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
  Localized placement: It refers to the application of fertilizers into the
soil close to the seed or plant in order to supply the nutrients in
adequate
3. Band placement- It refers to the placement of fertilizer in bands
 Hill placement: It is practiced for the application of fertilizers in
orchards. In this method, fertilizers are placed close to the plant in
bands on one or both sides of the plant. The length and depth of the
band varies with the nature of the crop.
 Row placement: When the crops like sugarcane, potato, maize,
cereals etc., are sown close together in rows, the fertilizer is applied
in continuous bands on one or both sides of the row, which is known
as row placement.
4. Pellet application: It refers to the placement of nitrogenous fertilizer in the
form of pellets 2.5 to 5 cm deep between the rows of the paddy crop.

Reference:
1. www.chemicalsafety.facts.org>fertilizers
2. agritech.tnau.ao.in>agriculture>agri_nutrientmgt_met….

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
40
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.1-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer and write it on the answer sheet
provided for

1. The fertilizer is applied in continuous bands on one or both sides of the row.
a. Band placement c. pellet application
b. Broadcasting d. top dressing
2. It can also help protect your plants from harm when they are deprived of other
nutrients
a. Nitrogen b. phosphorus c. potassium d. sulfur
3. It is a plant nutrient responsible for growth. This ingredient is useful in
fertilizers, particularly during the middle stages of a plant’s lifespan, when it
needs encouragement to continue to grow large and stem new leaves.
a. Phosphorus b. potassium c. sulfur d. nitrogen
4. The application of fertilizer at the base of the plant before planting.
a. Top dressing b. basal c. placement d. broadcasting
5. are made from natural and organic materials—mainly manure, compost, or
other animal and plant products
a. inorganic fertilizer c. organic fertilizer
b. complete fertilizer d. composting

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
41
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.1-5

1. A
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. C

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
42
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 TASK SHEET 2.1-5
Title : IDENTIFY FERTILIZER

Performance Objectives:

Given different sample of fertilizer you should be able to identify it

according to their types.

Materials /Supplies : bond paper, pencil/ball pen, fertilizer samples

Tools/Equipment :

Steps

1. Proceed to the working area.

2. Familiarize the different fertilizer samples,

3. Identify it according to type of fertilizer and record it.

4. Discuss what you have recorded to your trainer/supervisor.

5. Implement 5,s in the area

Assessment Method:

Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
43
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Performance Criteria Checklists 2.1-5

Criteria YES NO
DID YOU…
1. Proceed to the working area.

2. Familiarize the different fertilizer samples,

3. Identify samples according to type of fertilizer and

record it.

4. Discuss what you have recorded to your

trainer/supervisor.

5. Implement 5’s in the area

Comments / Suggestions:

Trainer’s Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
44
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-6
WASTE MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE

Objectives:
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Understand waste management program
2. Perform waste management

Introduction:

Waste management involves the regular collection, transportation as well as

processing and disposal or recycling and monitoring of different types
of waste materials. These services can save your business a considerable amount
of money, and can also prevent the environment from being harmed

RA 9003 was passed by the Philippine congress on December 20, 2000, declares
the policy of the state in adopting a systematic, comprehensive and ecological
solid waste management program that ensures the protection of public health
and the environment and the proper segregation, collection, transport,
storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste through the formulation and
adoption of best environmental practices.

The most important reason for waste collection is the protection of the
environment and the health of the population. Rubbish and waste can cause air
and water pollution. Rotting garbage is also known to produce harmful gases that
mix with the air and can cause breathing problems in people

Solid waste management is the process of collecting and disposing of solid

waste materials. It is important to handle waste responsibly in order to
prevent environmental pollution and protect public health.
HOW DO YOU MANAGE WASTE?

TIERS TO WASTE MANAGEMENT

1. to reduce its environmental impact: pollution prevention and source
reduction
2. reuse or redistribution of unwanted, surplus materials; treatment,
reclamation
3. recycling of materials within the waste
4. disposal through incineration, treatment, or land burial.

TYPES OF WASTE
1. Liquid Waste. Liquid waste is commonly found both in households as well
as in industries
2. Solid Rubbish
3. Organic Waste

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
45
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 4. Recyclable Rubbish
5. Hazardous Waste

5 R’s OF WASTE
1. Refuse
2. Reduce
3. Reuse
4. Repurpose
5. Recycle

METHODS OF WASTE DISPOSAL

1. Composting and Vermicomposting. This method is useful for the disposal
of biodegradable waste
2. Landfilling. A low-lying open area out of the city where garbage is
collected and dumped is known as a landfill
3. Incineration. This method is mainly used to dispose of the medical waste.

References:
1. www.solo.com.au>latest_news.the.importance-of.wa...
2. www.linkedin.com.pulse>importance-waste-management
3. 4waste.com.au.rubbish-removal>5-types-waste-know…
4. www2.health.uic.gov.au>infection-control-guidelines

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
46
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.1-6

MATCHING TYPE: Match Column A with Column B, write the letter of your answer
on the answer sheet provided for.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. RA 9003 a. commonly found in the household

2. Reduce b. waste management
3. Reuse c. pollution prevention
4. Liquid waste d. collecting and disposing of solid waste materials
5. Solid waste management e. surplus materials

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
47
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.1-6

1. B
2. C
3. E
4. A
5. D

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
48
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
LEARNING OUTCOME 2. CONDUCT FIELD LAY-OUT

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Tools and materials are prepared for field lay-out.
 Interpret field lay-out plan according to the recommended planting
system.
 Field is laid-out according to recommended planting system

CONTENTS:
 Tools and materials for field/farm layout
 Planting system

CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Materials, tools, equipment in harvesting operations
 Personal protective equipment

METHODOLOGIES:
 Individual self-paced learning
 Lecture

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written examination
 Interview
 Practical application (demonstration)
 Direct observation

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
49
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 LEARNING OUTCOME NO.2 CONDUCT FIELD LAYOUT

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Information Sheet 2.2-1 Read Information Sheet 2.2-1
Tools and Materials for Field Layout

Self-check 2.2-1 Read and answer Self-check 2.2-1

Task Sheet 2.2-1 Make a Read and Perform Task Sheet 2.2-1
Field Layout

Information Sheet 2.2-2 Read Information Sheet 2.2-2

Planting System

Self-check 2.2-2 Read and answer Self-check 2.2-2

Job Sheet 2.2-2 Read and Perform Job Sheet 2.2-2

Plant Crops

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
50
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.2-1
TOOLS AND MATERIALS FOR FIELD LAYOUT

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Understand the importance of field layout
2. Perform field layout

Introduction

Farm layout involves the location of the fields with respect to the farmstead and
public highways, the size, shape and number of fields, and the location of hog-
lots, feed yards, etc. In arranging or re-arranging a farm layout the most
important considerations are convenience and economy of operation.

An ideal farm layout is so arranged that there shall be a minimum of time

consumed, no retracing of steps and no lost motion in doing the routine work of
the farm.

TOOLS AND MATERIALS FOR FIELD LAYOUTING

1. Measuring tools
 Scale tape
 Measuring tape
 Meter sticks
 Ruler
2. Rope – use in order to have a straight line in lay outing
3. Bamboo sticks –it serves as the marker
Plant layout is the plan for arranging the physical facilities and manpower
required to manufacture a product with the objective of utilizing them in an
effective manner

Field Layout simple way to lay out fields on content. Field layout is a light-weight,
developer-friendly approach to theming which uses php arrays to define layouts,
generating the necessary markup for complex node layouts automatically.
IMPORTANCE OF PLANT LAYOUT
Designing a proper layout is important because it has a direct relationship with
efficiency of operations and cost of production. A poorly designed layout will
result in inefficiencies and losses throughout the existence of the plant. As
Decisions regarding plant layout cannot be taken once and for all. Changes in
process and techniques of production necessitate changes in plant layout.
STEPS IN DESIGNING A FIELD LAYOUT
Step 1 Gather information
Step 2 Develop a block plan or schematic of the layout.
Step 3 Develop a detailed layout.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
51
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
INTERPRETING A FIELD LAYOUT

What do you Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about interpreting plans and
layout

Make your interpretation:

1. What is your area?
2. How many rows are there in the area?
3. How many plants are there in a row?
4. How many plants are there in the area?
5. What is the distance between plants per row?
6. What is the distance of plants between hill?
7. How many plants are there in row A?
8. What is the length of the area?
9. What is the width of the area?
10. How many plants are needed in rows A, B and C?

References:
1. openprarie.sdstate_educ>extension-cive.
2. Core.ac.uk>download>pdf

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
52
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.2-1

IDENTIFICATION: Identify the correct answer of the following questions, Write your
answer on the answer sheet provided for.

1. is the plan for arranging the physical facilities and

manpower required to manufacture a product with the objective of
utilizing them in an effective manner
2. it serves as the marker
3. simple way to lay out fields on content. Field layout is a light-
weight, developer-friendly approach to theming which uses php arrays to
define layouts, generating the necessary markup for complex node layouts
automatically.
4. use in order to have a straight line in lay outing
5. An is so arranged that there shall be a minimum of time
consumed, no retracing of steps and no lost motion in doing the routine work
of the farm.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
53
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.2-1

1. Plant layout
2. Bamboo sticks
3. Field layout
4. Rope
5. Ideal farm layout

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
54
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 TASK SHEET 2.2-1
Title : MAKE A FIELD/FARM LAYOUT

Performance Objectives:

Given a time and necessary materials and tools for the activity , you should

be able to make a field layout according to the plant to be planted

Materials /Supplies : bond paper, pencil/ball pen, fertilizer

Tools/Equipment : prepared area for vegetable production

Steps

1. Prepare all the needed tools and materials for field lay outing.

2. Proceed to the assigned area and conduct an ocular inspection

3. Perform the activity according to the size /contour of soil.

4. Submit your field layout to your trainer/supervisor

5. Interpret your farm layout

6. Implement 5,s in the area

Assessment Method:

Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
55
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Performance Criteria Checklists 2.2-1

Criteria YES NO
DID YOU….
1. Prepare all the needed tools and materials for field
lay outing.

2. Proceed to the assigned area and conduct an ocular

inspection

3. Perform the activity according to the size /contour of

soil.

4. Submit your field layout to your trainer/supervisor

5. Interpret your farm layout

6. Implement 5,s in the area

Comments / Suggestions:

Trainer’s Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
56
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.2-2
PLANTING SYSTEM

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Know the different planting system
2. Apply planting system in farming

Introduction

The systems of planting are also called systems of layout and none system is
ideal for planting of fruit plants in all conditions. There are
following systems of planting commonly used for planting of fruit trees. The
distance from plant to plant and row to row is kept equal.
METHODS OF PLANTING
1. Direct seeding: It is indirect because the seeds are not immediately sown on
the field. Instead, these seeds are first used to raise seedlings in pots or in
any temporary place and only when they reach the right age are they out
planted. The actual field planting may be accomplished either manually or
by mechanical means.
2. Transplanting; It is planting with the use of pre-grown seedlings or plants
that had been propagated from seeds. Crop area is here meant to refer to
any space intended for the growing of crops for the purpose of harvesting
some products.
PLANTING SYSTEM
1. Square system: This common system of planting adopted in plants. The
distance from plant to plant and row to row is kept equal. The planting is
done at each squares.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
57
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
2. Rectangular System –in this system planting is done row to row distance is
kept more than the plant to plant distance. The planting is done at each
corner of the rectangles.
Total Number of Plant = area of the land)/plant to plant distance x row to row
distance )

3. Diagonal or Quincunx –the quincunx system has been developed to utilize the
space between four trees that remains unutilized in the square system. The
planting is done similar to the square system except an additional plant is
planted at the center of the square. The main crop is called primary crop and
the filler is called secondary or supplementary crop.

4. Triangular System –the triangular system is similar to the square system: the
only difference is that the tree in the alternate rows are planted in the
middle of the corners of the squares, whereas in the alternate rows also
planting is done at the corners of the triangles whose base and altitude are
kept equal in length the one corner of such six isosceles triangles meeting at
the same point to form a hexagon whose six trees are planted at the six
corners and seventh tree is the midpoint of the hexagon.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
58
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 5. Hexagonal System –in this system of planting crop are planted at the corners
of triangles have all sides equal in length and are called equilateral triangles,
the one corner of six equilateral triangles meets at a point and forms hexagon
whose all six sides and angles are equal in length and degree, respectively.
The six plants are planted the six corners and seventh at the midpoint of the
hexagon

Total number of plant = (area of the land) (area occupied by single plant)
Area occupies by single plant = ¾ x A x A x 2
Where, A =length of a side of triangle or spacing between plants
6. Contour System =is an imaginary line connecting the points of equal height
on a slope. This system has been evolved for the planting of fruit trees on hilly
and slopes topography with the objective to minimize the soil erosion. The
trees are planted on the bench terrace prepared on the contour. The one row
of shrubs and grasses may be planted between two rows of fruit trees to
reduce water flow and thereby soil erosion more effectively.

Formula:
Where,
N=number of hedges, D=distance between plants, H=distance between hedges
V=vertical distance between rows

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
59
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
PLANTING SYSTEM FOR VEGETABLES
1. Traditional vegetable garden. Growing crops on one large patch of soil is a
system that still works well for those gardeners who have the time and the
space to do it
2. Permaculture. Permaculture focuses on the sustainable use of your land and
working in harmony with nature. Permaculture methods are based on the
adage: Reduce, Reuse, And Recycle. Working with this system can cut down
on your carbon footprint. The idea is to plan your garden for easy access and
minimum labor, and to grow food without using chemicals.
3. No-dig- the no-dig technique may not be suitable on soils that are heavily
compacted. For maximum success with this method it is advisable to create
narrow beds between boards at least 15cm high, held in place with pegs
hammered into the ground- This needs to be watered well before spreading a
layer of compost, finished off with about 6cm of soil, which is the layer into
which you plant your seeds.
4. Raised Beds.-Raised beds work on the same principle as the no-dig
techniques, but tend to be deeper – they are basically large boxes of soil and
compost. Raised beds are filled with rich compost which is higher than the
surrounding ground and therefore remains dryer. This avoids the problems
of poor soil and bad drainage.
5. Square Foot Gardening- This system is particularly effective where space is
at a premium. This method is particularly suited to salad crops and
miniature varieties of vegetables. Close planting produces a micro-climate in
which weed growth is suppressed. The crops are easy to reach from all sides,
making it a very accessible way to grow produce directly outside your
kitchen door.

References:
1. www.agrihortieducation.com>2016/19>system-of-pl...
2. www.slidesshare.net>AshishKoradai1>plantingsystem
3. Agritech.tnau.ac.in>horticulture

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
60
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.2-2
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer and write it on the answer sheet provided
for.

1. The growing crops on one large patch of soil is a system that still works well
for those gardeners who have the time and the space to do it
a. Square foot gardening c. raised bed
b. Traditional vegetable garden d. permaculture
2. This method is particularly suited to salad crops and miniature varieties of
vegetables
a. Square foot gardening c. permaculture
b. No-dig d. raised bed
3. This system has been evolved for the planting of fruit trees on hilly and slopes
topography with the objective to minimize the soil erosion
a. Square system c. contour system
b. Hexagonal system d. triangular system

4. This avoids the problems of poor soil and bad drainage.

a. Square foot gardening c. permaculture
b. No-dig d. raised bed
5. The planting is done similar to the square system except an additional plant is
planted at the center of the square.
a. Quincunx system c. square system
b. Rectangular system d. contour system

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
61
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.2-2

1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. A

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
62
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
LEARNING OUTCOME 3: DIG HOLES

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Diggings of holes are performed based on crop
requirement.
 Top soil is separated to be used in covering the hole after
planting.
 Basal fertilizer application is performed based on
recommended amount.

CONTENTS:
 Steps in planting crops
 Basal fertilization

CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Materials, tools, equipment in harvesting operations
 Personal protective equipment

METHODOLOGIES:
 Individual self-paced learning
 Lecture

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written examination
 Interview
 Practical application (demonstration)

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
63
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
  Direct observation

LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 3 DIG HOLES

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPEIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Information Sheet 2.3-1 Steps Read Information Sheet 2.3-1
in Planting Crops

Self-check 2.3-1 Read and answer Self-check 2.3-1

Job Sheet 2.3-1 Read and Perform Job Sheet 2.3-1

Plant Fruit Trees

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
64
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.3-1
STEPS IN PLANTING CROPS AND BASAL FERTILIZATION

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Know the steps/procedures in planting crops
2. Perform planting of crops
3. Apply fertilizer correctly

Introduction:

Various methods of planting are practiced in crop farming. These can be put
under broad classifications such as direct seeding vs. transplanting, direct
planting vs. indirect planting, and manual vs. mechanized planting.

Whatever the method s of planting to be used the most important factor to

consider is the land preparation.

PROCEDURE IN PLANTING TREES/FRUIT TREES

1. Holing - for fruit trees./tree

crop The hole must be big
enough. “The bigger the hole the
better”

2. Removal of the soil –in removing

the soil. The top soil must be
separated from the Subsoil.

3. Basal fertilization the application of

fertilizer wherein the fertilizer is
place at the base of the plant before
planting.
DATE DE VELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2- 01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
62
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
4. Preparation of the planting material
-for indirect planting remove the
container of the plant before planting

5. Setting of planting materials

- Set the seedling at the center of
the hole

6. Filling the hole with soil - return first

the top soil followed with the subsoil.

7. Praying “whatever we do it should be

offered to God (optional)

8. Providing temporary shed “fronding”

DATE DE VELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP 2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
63
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
PLANTING VEGETABLES

TRANSPPLANTING VEGETABLE SEEDLINGS

1. Mark where you plan to put each of your plants.
use a trowel to make a hole large enough to take
the root system.
2. Have the soil in the seedlings' containers damp
enough so that the soil clings to the roots of each
plant as much as possible.
3. Gently prise or tip out each vegetable seedling
from its container taking as much of the soil as you can with it into the
garden bed.
4. Firm the soil around the plant in its new position, cover the area with
mulch and water in gently. Initially leave a small gap between the mulch
and seedlings so that rot does not set in when the plants are so young
and tender.
5. It is best to transplant seedlings in the late afternoon or evening to give
the plants time to settle before being subjected to midday sun.

Reference:
1. Collection from laboratory activity of the trainees
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
64
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.3-1

MATCHING TYPE: Match Column A with Column B, write the letter of your answer on
the answer sheet provided for.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Trowel a. must be return first into the hole

2. Indirect planting b. “the bigger the hole the better”
3. Basal c. remove the container of the seedlings
4. Holing d. use in transplanting vegetables
5. Top soil e. placing of fertilizer at the base of the plant before
planting

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
65
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.3-1

1. D
2. C
3. E
4. B
5. A

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
66
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 JOB SHEET 2.3-1
Title : PLANT FRUIT TREES

Performance Objectives:

Given the necessary tools and materials for planting, you should
be able to perform the activity according to trainer’s /supervisor
instruction.
Materials /Supplies : area , planting materials , fertilizer

Tools/Equipment : digging tools , shovel , trowel

Steps / Procedures:

1. Prepare all the tools and materials for planting

2. Proceed to the area for the activity

3. Follow the layout for pLanting

4. Dig holes according to standard

5. Apply fertilizer according to the recommended rate

6. Finish the activity by provided the plant with temporary shade

7. Check all the tools and materials before leaving the area.

8. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Assessment Method:

Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
67
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Performance Criteria Checklists 2.3-1

Criteria YES NO
DID YOU…
1. Prepare all the tools and materials for planting

2. Proceed to the area for the activity

3. Follow the layout for planting

4. Dig holes according to standard

5. Apply basal fertilization according to the

recommended rate

6. Install temporary shade /fronding to newly planted

crops

7. Check all the tools and materials before leaving the

area.

8. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Comments / Suggestions:

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
68
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
LEARNING OUTCOME 4: PERFORM DIRECT SEEDING

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
 Seeds are planted according to recommended rate, distance and
depth
 Replanting are timely done according to recommended practices form
a particular crop
 Safety procedures are followed according to Occupational Safety and
 Health Standards (OSHS) and Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)
CONTENTS:
 Direct seeding and replanting
 Safety procedures and good agricultural practices
CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Materials, tools, equipment in harvesting operations
 Personal protective equipment
METHODOLOGIES:
 Individual self-paced learning
 Lecture

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written examination
 Interview
 Practical application (demonstration)
 Direct observation

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
69
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 LEARNING OUTCOME NO 4. PERFORM DIRECT SEEDING

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

Information Sheet 2.4-1 Direct Read Information Sheet 2.4-1
seeding and Replanting

Self-check 2.4-1 Read and answer Self-check 2.4-1

Job Sheet 4.1-1 Read and perform Job sheet 4.1-1

Transplant Seedlings

Information Sheet 2.4-2 Safety Read information Sheet 2.4-2

Procedures and Good
Agricultural Practices

Self-check 2.4-2 Read and answer Self-check 2.4-2

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
70
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.4-1
DIRECT SEEDING AND REPLANTING

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Perform replanting
2. Perform direct seeding
3. Follow correct distance and recommended rate and depth of
planting

Introduction:

Direct seeding refers to farming systems that

fertilize and plant directly into undisturbed soil
in one field operation, or two separate operations
of fertilizing and planting. Much of the residue
from the previous crop is retained on the soil surface.
The reduced soil disturbance and retention of surface crop residues with direct
seed systems provide improved environmental protection while maintaining or
increasing soil productivity, and reducing production costs for farmers

METHODS OF DIRECT SEEDING

Direct seeded crops require less labor and tend
to mature faster than transplanted crops. In
thismethod, plants are not subjected to stresses
such as being pulled from the soil and
re-establishing fine rootlets. However, they have
more competition from weeds.
1. Broadcasting
 Broadcast 60−80 kg of seeds uniformly by hand or in furrows in 1
ha of field.
 Make shallow furrows by passing a furrower along the prepared
field.
 After broadcasting, cover the seeds using a spike-tooth harrow.
2. Drilling
 Precision equipment, such as the Turbo Happy Seeder, can be
used to drill seeds.
 Drill 80−100 kg of seeds per ha.
 Seeds are placed by the machine into both dry and moist soil, and
then irrigated. A smooth, level seedbed is necessary to ensure that
seeds are not planted at depths greater than 10−15 mm.
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
71
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
  In this technique, fertilizers can be applied at the same time as
the seed. Manual weeding also is easier in machine-drilled crops
than in broadcast crops.

3. Dibbling: Dibbling or hill planting is usually practiced along mountain

slopes or where plowing and harrowing are difficult.
 Use a long wood or bamboo pole with a metal scoop attached
at the end for digging holes.
 Drop the seeds into the holes and cover them with soil.

CROP SPACING

Crop spacing is about the number of crops planted in a unit area. It is about the
distance between one plant and another. Agriculturalists have advice about
spacing with regard to particular crops, and this is based on research findings
with a view to maximize crop yields

If plants are planted far apart, they will not have to compete at all for resources.
They may produce higher yields per plant than more crowded plants, but if they
are spaced too far apart the yield for the entire field of plants can still be low.

DETERMINING PLANT SPACING

To determine the total space needed by each plant, multiply the distance between
plants within the rows (X) by the distance between the rows (Y). A. For a square
planting pattern with plants spaced 6” on center (O.C.), X = 6 and Y = 6. Therefore, 6 ×
6 = 36 in2.

STEPS IN PLANTING SEEDS

Prepare your seedbed. Make sure that the top 8-12 inches of your soil are loose
and fluffy. You can do this by digging, plowing, or if you’ve been tending your
garden for some years and using mulch, just raking away the mulch to reveal a
beautiful, soft, open palate. After loosening, run a rake over the bed to smooth
out its surface and remove any debris such as rocks or roots.
2 – Decide on a planting pattern and mark it out. Three of the most common
ways to plant are in rows, in a honeycomb pattern, and broadcast or scattered.
Depending on the crop and your overall management, one of these styles will be
the right choice for you. For rows, it can be helpful to scratch a furrow or run a
string to mark the row so that you stay on it while sowing. Some people use
planting jigs for honeycomb patterns.
3 – Sow seeds. Depending on the area you are planting, this can be done by
hand or with a device. Rolling, walk-behind seeders and jab-style seeders are
available for larger gardens and farms. Seeding devices can be homemade too.
Sowing depth depends on the crop you are working with, and ultimately on the
size of the seed. A general rule of thumb is to plant to a depth of 2x the width of
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
72
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
the seed. Some seeds, however, need light to germinate, so check on your seed
packet for specific information.
4 – Cover seeds. Good soil contact is crucial for germination. It also means that
your seedlings won’t get dried out easily once they germinate. With you hands or
a hoe, cover the seeds completely with soil (unless they are light-dependent
germinators). Tamp the soil down gently. Walk-behind seeders do this step
automatically!
5 – Thin to desired spacing, and weed. Once your baby plants are up, thin out
enough of them so that you’re left with optimal spacing. Keep up with weeding
right from the start so that your crops don’t have to fend off competition from too
many vigorous neighbors.

WHAT IS TRANSPLANTING
In agriculture and gardening transplanting or replanting is the technique of moving
a plant from one location to another. Protecting young plants from diseases and
pests until they are sufficiently established; avoiding germination problems by
setting out seedlings instead of direct seeding.

When the seedlings have developed their second set of true leaves, it’s time to
transplant or thin them. If you don’t need many plants, you can thin them in
place: just pinch or snip off the excess seedlings, leaving the remaining ones
spaced about 2 inches apart.

STEPS IN TRANSPLANTING SEEDLINGS

Seedlings are the easiest and most common way of starting a Vegetable patch. Seedlings
are basically the germinated stage of a seed, taking out one of the harder steps in
getting into gardening. You can see what is growing immediately after planting,
which will make it much easier to dedicate your time to growing your patch,
without waiting weeks to see s single green leaf.

Seedlings are quite cheap and can be bought at any hardware or gardening center.

Seeds can be grown and germinated in small containers, old jars, basically anything,
but when they get to seedling stage, they need more room for their roots to grow.
The seedlings must then be transplanted into a bigger pot/container, or if room
allows, a garden bed.

1. Seedlings should be hardened-off, well-fed and watered before

transplanting.
2. Prepare a weed-free surface. Loosen and aerate garden soil by tilling or
hoeing.
3. Dig a hole large enough for seedling.
4. Carefully remove seedling from its container. Try not to disturb the roots.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
73
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 5. Set seedling in hole level with soil surface. The exception is
tomato seedlings, which can be transplanted a bit deeper.
6. Feed seedling to kick start growth. I transplant each seedling with a hefty
handful of compost. If you don’t make compost, purchase specially
formulated fertilizer for transplanting.
7. Surround seedling with displaced soil.
8. Water seedling thoroughly.
9. Mulch seedling to maintain soil moisture and regulate temperature.
10. Keep area weed-free

1. Prepare a hole in well fertilized soil. The hole

should be wider than the seedling pot and
also about an inch and a half deeper, depending on
the size of the seedling.

2. Place your hand over the soil allowing the seedling stem to come between
your fingers not leaving too much of a
gap – we don’t want to lose it’s original
soil- and squeeze the bottom of the seedling pot
to loosen the soil and the roots from the
inner walls.

3. Continue squeezing and rotating the pot until you can slide the root cluster
with the soil straight out of the pot. When
using a pot with sufficient drainage, this should
all come out as one ‘clump’. Separate the roots
a little with your hands once you pull it out to
allow new space for growing.

4. Place the seedling in the hole while filling it with quality soil or potting mix. It
is advisable to bury part of the stem in the soil
as any of the stem that you bury will grow new roots
and boost the plant’s future growth!
However, do not bury leaves else they may cause rot
with watering, it’s best to remove the lowest leaves
to avoid such rot.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
74
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 5. Water generously and apply top soil/mulch/compost of choice. You
will notice that here I have applied a thin layer
of (chemical free) firewood sawdust. This is
because I have a bit of a snail problem and
they don’t like the sawdust. If you are going
to do this then do not use treated wood such
as treated pine as the chemicals can damage
your plants. Another option I have read about
is crushed eggshells. The snails don’t like them either, both options will also
provide beneficial nutrients to the soil!

References:
1. www.directseed.org>about.Why-direct-seed
2. www.knowledgebank.irri.org>growth>planting>directseeding
3. en.wikipedia.org>wiki.transplanting
4. www.sunset.com>garden.garden-basics.seedling-care-transplanting
5. www.instructables.com.living. gardening

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
75
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.4-1

MATCHING TYPE: match Column A with Column B, write the letter of your answer
on the answer sheet provided for.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Broadcasting a. technique of moving a panty from one location to

another
2. Drilling b. number of crops planted in a unit area
3. Dibbling c. seeds uniformly broadcast by hand
4. Crop spacing d. seeds are placed by the machine in both dry and
moist soil
5. Transplanting e. usually practiced along mountain slopes

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
76
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.4-1

1. C
2. D
3. E
4. B
5. A

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
77
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 JOB SHEET 2.4-1
Title : TRANSPLANT CROPS

Performance Objectives:

Given the necessary tools and materials for transplanting activity,

you should be able to perform the activity according to trainer’s
/supervisor instruction.
Materials /Supplies : area , seedlings

Tools/Equipment : transplanting tool

Steps / Procedures:

1. Prepare all the tools and materials for transplanting

2. Perform the activity according to the instruction given by the

trainer/supervisor

3. Use the appropriate tools for transplanting

4. Follow the step by step procedures in transplanting

5. check the workplace area before leaving

6. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Assessment Method:

Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
78
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Performance Criteria Checklists 2.4-1

Criteria YES NO
1. Prepare all the tools and materials for transplanting

2. Perform the activity according to the instruction given

by the trainer/supervisor

3. Use the appropriate tools for transplanting

4. Follow the step by step procedures in transplanting

5. check the workplace area before leaving

6. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Comments / Suggestions:

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
79
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.4-2
SAFETY PROCEDURES AND GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Practice safety procedures in agriculture
2. Understand safety procedure and good agricultural practices

Introduction:

Agricultural safety and health is an aspect of occupational safety and health in

the agricultural workplace. It specifically addresses the health and safety of
farmers, farm workers, and their families.

OSHA has standards that cover agricultural operations, information on solutions

to common agricultural hazards, and other resources such as publications to
help employers and employees create and maintain safe and healthy work
environments.

Farm safety is a top priority among agricultural operators in the United States,
but despite all efforts to the contrary, farm work remains one of the most
dangerous occupations in the country. This danger is compounded by the
peculiar nature of farming; whole families may work the same land, exposing
potential caregivers to the same injuries that would render them caregivers in the
first place. In other words, on an unsafe farm, whole families can be injured
badly enough to lose their livelihoods.

FARM EMERGENCY PROCEDURES REGARDING SAFETY WORK

ENVIRONMENT

 Write a safety plan together that includes ways to identify hazards and
minimise potential risks.
 Always use appropriate safety equipment, such as machinery guards and
shields, helmets, gloves, goggles or breathing apparatus.
 Make sure everyone understands and uses safety procedures, especially
children.

FARM EQUIPMENT SAFETY TIPS

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
80
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 1. Read and comply with the manual: Always thoroughly read the manual for
each piece of equipment.
2. Follow and keep up with federal and state laws
3. Always keep your slow-moving-emblem (SMV) clean, visible and properly
mounted.
4. Dress appropriately
5. Ensure you're well rested
6. Avoid alcohol
7. Maintain awareness
8. Adjust equipment accordingly
9. Keep children and animals away from working areas.
10. Read up about planter equipment safety.

WHAT IS GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

Good agricultural practice (GAP) is a certification system for agriculture,
specifying procedures (and attendant documentation) that must be implemented
to create food for consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome,
using sustainable methods.

GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

1. Crop rotation –it preserves the productive capacity of the soil. It is a practiced
of growing series of dissimilar crops in the same area in sequenced seasons.
2. Cover crops - it is largely embedded to manage soil fertility, quality, erosion,
diseases, biodiversity, water, pests, weeds and wildlife in an agroecosystem.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
81
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
3. Soil enrichment- there are various methods which are used to improve the
quality (nutrient content, organism’s activities of soil. Two majority used
types are the following
Types of soil enrichment
 Organic method – it performs better than the inorganic in terms of
biodiversity promotion.
 Inorganic method
4. Natural pest predator: Parasites, pathogens and predators manage pest
control.
5. Bio intensive, integrated Pest Management: A system approach to pest
management base on an understanding of pest ecology. It is primarily starts
with the step of diagnosing the nature depending on a range of preventive
tactics within limits.

References:
1. www.osha.gov>dsg>topics.agriculturaloperations
2. www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au>health>HealthyLiving>farm_safety.risk
3. www.rural.mutual.com>respource.farm-safety>farm-machinery>10...
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
82
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 4. en.wikipedia.org>wiki>Good-agriculture-practice

SELF-CHECK 2.4-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer and write it on the answer sheet
provided for.

1. A system approach to pest management base on an understanding of pest

ecology.
a. Biointensive Integrated Pest Management
b. Natural pest predator
c. Soil enrichment
d. Crop rotation
2. It performs better than the inorganic in terms of biodiversity promotion.
a. Cover crops c. organic method
b. Inorganic method d. composting method

3. It is a certification system for agriculture, specifying procedures (and

attendant documentation) that must be implemented to create food for
consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome, using
sustainable methods.
a. Agricultural safety c. farm safety
b. Occupational health and safety d. good agricultural practices
4. It specifically addresses the health and safety of farmers, farm workers, and
their families
a. Agricultural safety and health
b. Good agricultural practices
c. Occupational health and safety
d. Farm Safety
5. It is a practiced of growing series of dissimilar crops in the same area in
sequenced seasons
a. Crop rotation
b. Cover crops
c. Natural predators
d. Soil enrichment

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
83
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.4-2

1. A
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. A

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
84
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
LEARNING OUTCOME 5: TRANSPLANTING SEEDLINGS

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
 Handling of seedlings from nursery is performed based on prescribed
practices.
 Transplanting of seedlings is done based on crop practices
 Re-bagging is done for a particular crop requirement
 Replanting is timely done based on planting protocol.
 Safety procedures are followed according to Occupational Safety and
Health Standards (OSHS) and Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)

CONTENTS:
 Transplanting seedlings
 Replanting
 Safety procedures and good agricultural practices

CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Materials, tools, equipment in harvesting operations
 Personal protective equipment

METHODOLOGIES:
 Individual self-paced learning
 Lecture

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written examination
 Interview

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
85
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
  Practical application (demonstration)
 Direct observation

LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 5: TRANSPALNTING SEEDLINGS

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

Information Sheet 2.5-1 Read Information Sheet 2.5-1
Transplanting Seedlings

Self-check 2.5-1 Read and answer Self-check 2.5-1

Job Sheet 2.5-1 Read and perform Job Sheet 2.5-1

Transplant Seedlings

Information Sheet 2.5-2 Safety Read Information Sheet 2.5-2

Procedures and Good
Agricultural Practices

Self-check 2.5-2 Read and answer Self-check 2.5-2

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
86
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 INFORMATION SHEET 2.5-1
TRANSPALNTING SEEDLINGS

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Transplant seedlings accordingly
3. Use appropriate tools for transplanting seedlings

Introduction:

WHAT IS TRANSPLANTING
In agriculture and gardening transplanting or replanting is the technique of
moving a plant from one location to another. Protecting young plants from
diseases and pests until they are sufficiently established; avoiding germination
problems by setting out seedlings instead of direct seeding.

When the seedlings have developed their second set of true leaves, it’s time
to transplant or thin them. If you don’t need many plants, you can thin them in
place: just pinch or snip off the excess seedlings, leaving the remaining ones
spaced about 2 inches apart.

STEPS IN TRANSPLANTING SEEDLINGS

Seedlings are the easiest and most common way of starting a Vegetable patch.
Seedlings are basically the germinated stage of a seed, taking out one of the
harder steps in getting into gardening. You can see what is growing immediately
after planting, which will make it much easier to dedicate your time to growing
your patch, without waiting weeks to see s single green leaf.

1. Use a hoe, spade, or trowel to make a small hole in your garden for each
seedling. The hole should be deep enough so the transplant is at the same
depth in the ground as it was in the pot (except for tomatoes). Make the hole
twice as wide as the root ball.
2. Unpot a seedling (unless it’s in a peat pot) by turning its pot upside down
and cupping the seedling with your hand. Be sure to keep the root mass and
soil intact. If the seedling doesn’t come out easily, gently tap on the edge of
the pot or gently press on the bottom of each cell of the flat with your
fingers. Whatever you do, don’t yank out a plant by its stem.
DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
87
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 3. Check the root ball’s condition. If the roots are wound around the outside of
the pot, work them loose with your fingers so they can grow out into the
soil. Unwind larger roots and break smaller ones (this won’t hurt them) so
they all point outward. Try to keep as much of the original soil intact as
possible.
4. Mix a diluted liquid fertilizer into the soil of the planting hole to help the
plants get off to a fast start. Reduce the recommended strength on the
fertilizer container by half. For example, if it says apply 1 tablespoon per
gallon of water, use only 1/2 tablespoon.
5. Put each prepared seedling into the holes that you made.

Plant seedlings at the correct depth.

6. After firming the soil around the roots with your hands, form a shallow soil
basin around the base of the transplant. The soil basin serves as a moat
around the seedling to hold water. When you water or when it rains, the
moisture stays in the moat and drains to where the roots are located.
7. Depending on the conditions, water the bed that day or the next. If the
weather has been dry or if the soil is sandy, you may want to water the
entire bed; if it’s rainy or the soil is already very wet, wait until tomorrow to
water.
8. Keep the bed moist while the seedlings get established and begin to grow
strongly. Mulch after the seedlings become well-established. In extreme hot,
dry weather, provide temporary shade for transplants with paper tents or
wooden shingles pushed into the ground on the south or west side of the
plants.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
88
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 References:
1. www.directseed.org>about.Why-direct-seed
2. www.knowledgebank.irri.org>growth>planting>directseeding
3. en.wikipedia.org>wiki.transplanting
4. www.sunset.com>garden.garden-basics.seedling-care-transplanting
5. www.instructables.com.living. gardening

SELF-CHECK 2.5-1

MATCHING TYPE: match Column A with Column B, write the letter of your answer
on the answer sheet provided for.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Transplanting a. use in making small holes

2. Seedlings b. turning its pot upside down
3. Trowel c. moving plant from one location to another
4. Unpot seedlings d. germinated seeds
e. Plant seedlings at correct depth

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
89
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.5-1

1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
90
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 JOB SHEET 2.5-1
Title : TRANSPLANT SEEDLINGS

Performance Objectives:

Given the necessary tools and materials for transplanting activity,

you should be able to perform the activity according to trainer’s
/supervisor instruction.
Materials /Supplies : area , seedlings

Tools/Equipment : transplanting tool

Steps / Procedures:

1. Prepare all the tools and materials for transplanting

2. Perform the activity according to the instruction given by the

trainer/supervisor

3. Use the appropriate tools for transplanting

4. Follow the step by step procedures in transplanting

5. check the workplace area before leaving

6. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Assessment Method:

Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: Date:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
91
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Performance Criteria Checklists 2.5-1

Criteria YES NO
DID YOU…
1. Prepare all the tools and materials for transplanting

2. Perform the activity according to the instruction given

by the trainer/supervisor

3. Use the appropriate tools for transplanting

4. Follow the step by step procedures in transplanting

5. check the workplace area before leaving

6. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Comments / Suggestions:

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
92
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 Trainer’s Name: Date:

INFORMATION SHEET 2.5-2

SAFETY PROCEDURES AND GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
4. Practice safety procedures in agriculture
5. Understand safety procedure and good agricultural practices

Introduction:

Agricultural safety and health is an aspect of occupational safety and health in

the agricultural workplace. It specifically addresses the health and safety of
farmers, farm workers, and their families.

OSHA has standards that cover agricultural operations, information on solutions

to common agricultural hazards, and other resources such as publications to
help employers and employees create and maintain safe and healthy work
environments.

Farm safety is a top priority among agricultural operators in the United States,
but despite all efforts to the contrary, farm work remains one of the most
dangerous occupations in the country. This danger is compounded by the
peculiar nature of farming; whole families may work the same land, exposing
potential caregivers to the same injuries that would render them caregivers in the
first place. In other words, on an unsafe farm, whole families can be injured
badly enough to lose their livelihoods.

FARM EMERGENCY PROCEDURES REGARDING SAFETY WORK

ENVIRONMENT

 Write a safety plan together that includes ways to identify hazards and
minimise potential risks.
 Always use appropriate safety equipment, such as machinery guards and
shields, helmets, gloves, goggles or breathing apparatus.
 Make sure everyone understands and uses safety procedures, especially
children.

FARM EQUIPMENT SAFETY TIPS

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
93
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 11. Read and comply with the manual: Always thoroughly read the manual for
each piece of equipment.
12. Follow and keep up with federal and state laws
13. Always keep your slow-moving-emblem (SMV) clean, visible and properly
mounted.
14. Dress appropriately
15. Ensure you're well rested
16. Avoid alcohol
17. Maintain awareness
18. Adjust equipment accordingly
19. Keep children and animals away from working areas.
20. Read up about planter equipment safety.

WHAT IS GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

Good agricultural practice (GAP) is a certification system for agriculture,
specifying procedures (and attendant documentation) that must be implemented
to create food for consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome,
using sustainable methods.

GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

6. Crop rotation –it preserves the productive capacity of the soil. It is a practiced
of growing series of dissimilar crops in the same area in sequenced seasons.
7. Cover crops - it is largely embedded to manage soil fertility, quality, erosion,
diseases, biodiversity, water, pests, weeds and wildlife in an agroecosystem.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
94
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
8. Soil enrichment- there are various methods which are used to improve the
quality (nutrient content, organism’s activities of soil. Two majority used
types are the following
Types of soil enrichment
 Organic method – it performs better than the inorganic in terms of
biodiversity promotion.
 Inorganic method
9. Natural pest predator: Parasites, pathogens and predators manage pest
control.
10. Bio intensive, integrated Pest Management: A system approach to pest
management base on an understanding of pest ecology. It is primarily starts
with the step of diagnosing the nature depending on a range of preventive
tactics within limits.

References:
1. www.osha.gov>dsg>topics.agriculturaloperations
2. www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au>health>HealthyLiving>farm_safety.risk
3. www.rural.mutual.com>respource.farm-safety>farm-machinery>10...
4. en.wikipedia.org>wiki>Good-agriculture-practice

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
95
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 SELF-CHECK 2.5-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer and write it on the answer sheet
provided for.

6. A system approach to pest management base on an understanding of pest

ecology.
e. Biointensive Integrated pest Management
f. Natural pest predator
g. Soil enrichment
h. Crop rotation
7. It performs better than the inorganic in terms of biodiversity promotion.
c. Cover crops c. organic method
d. Inorganic method d. composting method

8. It is a certification system for agriculture, specifying procedures (and

attendant documentation) that must be implemented to create food for
consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome, using
sustainable methods.
c. Agricultural safety c. farm safety
d. Occupational health and safety d. good agricultural practices
9. It specifically addresses the health and safety of farmers, farm workers, and
their families
e. Agricultural safety and health
f. Good agricultural practices
g. Occupational health and safety
h. Farm Safety
10. It is a practiced of growing series of dissimilar crops in the same area in
sequenced seasons
e. Crop rotation
f. Cover crops
g. Natural predators
h. Soil enrichment

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
96
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 ANSWER KEY 2.5-2

2. A
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. A

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
97
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
98
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor
 END

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II JULY 10, 2020
99
DEVELOPED BY: TESDA-WNAS
of
PLANTING CROPS
REVISION # 100
ERLINDA V. FERRER
Instructor