UNIT NO.
5
MIXTURES AND SOLUTIONS
QUESTION/ANSWERS:
Q1.Define the following terms, giving example of each
a) Mixture b) Solution c) Solute d) Solvent e) Soluble
f) Insoluble g) Evaporation h) Filtration i) Sedimentation j) Decantation
Ans.
a) Mixture: A mixture is something you get when you mix two or more than two things together.
They can be solids, liquids, or gases. e.g. orange drink and salt water.
b) Sloution: When a substance,such as sugar or salt, is dissolved in water, it produces a clear mixture
which is called a solution. A solution is made up of a solute and a solvent. e.g. vinegar and
saltwater.
c) Solute: A solute is a substance that gets dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. It is usually
present in a smaller amount compared to the solvent. e.g. salt in water and sugar in tea.
d) Solvent: A solvent is a substance that dissolves the solute to form a solution. It is usually present in
a larger amount compared to the solute. e.g. water in salt and milk in coffee.
e) Soluble: The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent. e.g. Salt is soluble in water.
f) Insoluble: If a substance doesn’t dissolve in another substance, it is called insoluble. e.g. sand is
insoluble in water.
g) Evaporation: It is a surface phenomenon, where the State of a liquid changes to gas, before
reaching the boiling point. e.g. Heating saltwater causes the water to evaporate, leaving behind
the salt.
h) Filtration: The process used to separate solids from liquids or gases using a filter medium that
allows the fluid to pass through but not the solid. e.g. Straining tea to remove tea leaves.
i) Sedimentation: The process by which the large-sized insoluble impurities settle down at the
bottom of the liquid. e.g. Mud settling at the bottom of a glass of water.
j) Decantation: The process by which sedimented liquid is separated by pouring it into the other
container very slowly without disturbing the settled sediments at the bottom of the container. e.g.
Pouring clean water out of a glass after mud settles at the bottom.
Q2. Name at least three common solutions used in daily life.
Ans.Three common solutions are:
(1) sugar water, (2) salt water, and (3) fruit juice.
Q3. Determine if a solute is always in solid form and provide examples to support the answer.
Ans. No, a solute is not always in solid form, for example oxygen is a gaseous solute in water, and
ethanol is a liquid solute in water.
Q4. Explain why carbon dioxide is added to fizzy drinks.
Ans. Carbon dioxide is added to fizzy drinks to create a solution of carbon dioxide gas dissolved in
water, which gives the drink its fizz.
Q5. Identify the type of mixture that can be separated using the filtration method.
Ans. A suspension is a type of mixture that can be separated using the filtration method.
Q6. Provide an example of a mixture that can be separated using evaporation.
Ans. A mixture of salt and water can be separated using evaporation, where the water evaporates
and leaves behind the salt.
Q7. Describe how to separate a mixture of sand, salt, and iron filings.
(1) Use a magnet to separate the iron filings,
(2) dissolve the salt in water, and
(3) filter the mixture to separate the sand from the salt solution.
Q8. Determine the method to separate tea leaves from tea without a strainer or clean cloth.
Ans. The method to separate tea leaves from tea is to let it settle and then carefully pour the tea into
another container, leaving the tea leaves behind.
Q9. Identify where the magnetic method of separation is used and provide an example.
Ans. The magnetic method of separation is used in recycling centers to separate iron and steel from
other materials. Example: Separating iron cans from other recyclables.
