Experiment # 3
Title:
Structural design of plate, Response surface optimization module of shaft.
Objective:
Finding the size of a shaft that undergoes maximum deflection of 2mm. Shaft is
subjected to 1000N tensile force and the length of shaft is 2 times of the diameter.
Apparatus:
Ansys Workbench 18.1
Theory:
The deflection of a shaft under a tensile force is influenced by the shaft's material
properties (like Young’s Modulus), the magnitude of the applied force, and the shaft’s
geometry, which includes its length and cross-sectional area. When a tensile force is
applied to a shaft, it will elongate or deform, and the amount of deflection depends
on these factors.
For a shaft with a circular cross-section, the deflection is inversely proportional to
the shaft's cross-sectional area and Young’s Modulus. A shaft with a larger diameter
will have a larger cross-sectional area, leading to less deflection under the same load.
The relationship between the applied load, deflection, and geometry allows us to
calculate the optimal diameter that ensures the deflection stays within the desired
limit.
Procedure:
I. Open Ansys workbench, drag the static structural module into the project
schematic.
II. Click on the engineering data to select the material (Structural Steel).
III. Go to the geometry and open the design modeler to create geometry of the
shaft whose length is 2 times of the diameter.
IV. Go to the parameter and adjust the parameters between the length and
dimeter of shaft. The ratio for the shaft length to diameter is L/2.
V. Now, select the face of the shaft where the load of 1000N is applied. After
that, adjust the remote displacement of 2mm in z direction of the shaft.
VI. Right click on the mesh to generate mesh.
VII. In solution settings, drag the required stresses and the other factors for the
initialization of the results.
VIII. Solve the solution to initialize the results.
IX. Solution shows the results of the maximum and minimum stresses and
the other factors which was selected for the analysis.
X. See the pareto/trade off chart to check the results and then accordingly
adjust the minimum length of the shaft on which it deforms by the load
exerting on it.
XI. In our case we took minimum factor of safety 2.2.
XII. In last, took images of the results from the option of figure or image in
analysis.
Observations & Calculations:
Moment
Total Deformation
Shear Stress
Safety Factor
Pareto Chart 1
Pareto Chart 2
Conclusion:
By performing this calculation, the appropriate diameter of the shaft is determined to
ensure that the deflection remains within the specified limit of 2 mm when subjected
to a 1000 N tensile force. This approach ensures that the shaft is designed to withstand
the applied force without excessive deformation. Additionally, using optimization
techniques like response surface methods can help refine the design further, taking
into account other factors such as material strength, safety margins, and performance
under different loading conditions. This process is crucial in ensuring the reliability
and safety of mechanical systems.
