SET - FUNCTION ASSIGNMENT 1

SET - FUNCTION
1. [UGA 2016] Let f: [0,1] → [–1,1] be a non-zero function such that
 1
f ( 2x ) = 3f ( x ) , x  0, 
 2
Then lim f ( x ) is equal to
x →0+

(a) 1/2 (b) 1/3 (c) 2/3 (d) 0

𝑥
2. [UGA 2017] Let f: [1; 1] → R be a function such that 𝑓 (𝑠𝑖𝑛 2) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥, for all

x ∈ [–π, π]. The value of f (3/5) is

(a) 24/25 (b) 31/25 (c) 33/25 (d) 7/5
3. [UGA 2018] Consider the real-valued function h: {0, 1, 2, . . . , 100} → R such that h(0) = 5, h(100)
= 20 and satisfying h(i) =1/2 (h(i + 1) + h(i − 1)), for every i = 1, 2, . . . , 99. Then, the value of h(1)
is:
(a) 5.15 (b) 5.5 (c) 6 (d) 6.15.
𝑥
4. [UGA 2019] For every real number x ≠ −1, let f (x) = 𝑥+1. Write f1(x) = f (x) and for n ≥ 2,

f n (x) = f (f n–1(x)). Then, f1(-2). f2(-2) ……f n(-2) must equal

 2n 
(a)
2n
1.3.5... ( 2n − 1)
(b) 1 (c) (n )
1 2n
(d)  
2  n 

5. [UGA 2020] Let S = {1, 2,….., n}. For any non-empty subset, A of S, let l(A) denote the largest
number in A. If f (n) =  l(A) , that is, f(n) is the sum of the numbers l(A) while A ranges over all the
A S

nonempty subsets of S, then f(n) is

(a) 2n(n+1) (b) 2n (n + 1) –1 (c) 2n (n - 1) (d) 2n (n - 1) + 1
6. A real valued function f(x) satisfies the functional equation f ( x − y ) = f ( x ) .f ( y ) − f ( a − x ) f ( a + y ) for

some given constant a and f(0) = 1 then f(2a-x) =

(a) f ( x ) (b) −f ( x ) (c) f ( − x ) (d) f ( a ) + f ( a − x )

 x + 59 
7. A function f satisfies the equation 3f ( x ) + 2f   = 10 x + 30, ( x  1)
 x −1 
f (11)
then the value of is
f (7)

(a) 7 (b) 11 (c) -7 (d) -11

SET - FUNCTION 2

8. If f is a real valued function satisfying f ( x ) + f ( x + 6 ) = f ( x + 3) + f ( x + 9 ) , then f ( x ) =

(a) f ( x + 3) (b) f ( x + 6 ) (c) f ( x + 9 ) (d) f ( x + 12 )

x+y 1
9. Let f   = (f (x) + f (y)) for real x and y. If f  (0) exists and equals to -1
 2  2
and f(0)=1 then the value of f(2) is
1
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) (d) 2
2
10. A function f : R → R satisfies the equation f(x)f(y) – f(xy) = x + y  x, y  R and f(1) > 0, then
(a) f (x) f −1 (x) = x 2 − 4 (b) f (x) f −1 (x) = x 2 − 6

(c) f (x) f −1 (x) = x 2 − 1 (d) none of these

11. Let f be a function such that f ( x + f ( y ) ) = f ( x ) + y;  x, y R then f ( 2013) = ___

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2013 (d) 4026

12. If f is a polynomial function satisfying 2 + f(x) f(y) = f(x) + f(y) + f(xy), x, y R
and if f(2) = 5, then find the value of f(f(2)).
(a) 64 (b) 16 (c) 42 (d) 26
100
13. If 2f(xy) ={f(x))y + [f(y)]x for all x, y,  R. and f(1) = 2. Then find the value of f (r) .
r =1

 1− x 
14. If a function satisfies 2f ( x − 1) − f   = x; ( x  0 ) , then determine f(x).
 x 

15. Determine all functions f : r → r such that

f(x – f(y)) = f(f(y)) + xf (y) + f(x) - l,  x, y  R.
16. Let n be a positive integer and define f(n) = 1! + 2! + 3! +…..+ n! where
n! = n(n – l)(n – 2)...321 find polynomials P(x). Q(x) such that
f(n + 2) = P(n)f(n + 1) + Q(n)f(n)  n  1.
SET - FUNCTION 3

Answers Key
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a)
5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (d)
9. (b) 10. (c) 11. (c) 12. (d)
2x 2 + 4x + 3
13. ( 2201 − 2 ) 14.
3 ( x + 1)

x2
15. f (x) = 1− 16. P(x) = x + 3, Q(x) = – x – 2
2

SOLUTIONS
1. [2016] Let f: [0,1] → [–1,1] be a non-zero function such that
 1
f ( 2x ) = 3f ( x ) , x  0, 
 2
Then lim f ( x ) is equal to
x →0+

(a) 1/2 (b) 1/3 (c) 2/3 (d) 0

Sol: f(2x) = 3f(x)

 f ( x ) = f ( 2x ) = 2 f ( 2 2 x ) = ... = lim+ n f ( 2 n x )
1 1 1
3 3 n → 3

f ( 2n x )  −1,1 = 0
lim f ( n ) = lim+ lim+ n
=
x →0 + x →0 n → 3 3n
𝑥
2. [2017] Let f: [1; 1] → R be a function such that 𝑓 (𝑠𝑖𝑛 2) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥, for all

x ∈ [–π, π]. The value of f (3/5) is

(a) 24/25 (b) 31/25 (c) 33/25 (d) 7/5
x 3 x 4
Sol: sin =  cos =
2 5 2 5

 x
f  sin  = sin x + cosx
 2

x x x x
= 2sin cos + cos 2 − sin 2
2 2 2 2
3 4 16 9
= 2  + −
5 5 25 25
SET - FUNCTION 4

24 7 31
= + =
25 25 25
3. [2018] Consider the real-valued function h: {0, 1, 2, . . . , 100} → R such that h(0) = 5, h(100) = 20
and satisfying h(i) =1/2 (h(i + 1) + h(i − 1)), for every i = 1, 2, . . . , 99. Then, the value of h(1) is:
(a) 5.15 (b) 5.5 (c) 6 (d) 6.15.
ℎ(𝑝+1) + ℎ(𝑝−1))
Sol: h(p) = ⇒ h(p – 1), h(p), h(p + 1) are in A.P.
2

h (100) = h(0) + 99d

20 − 5 15 15
 =dd=  h (1) = h ( 0 ) + d = 5 + = 5.15
99 99 99
𝑥
4. [2019] For every real number x ≠ −1, let f (x) = 𝑥+1. Write f1(x) = f (x) and for n ≥ 2,

f n (x) = f (f n–1(x)). Then, f1(-2). f2(-2) ……f n(-2) must equal

 2n 
(a)
2n
1.3.5... ( 2n − 1)
(b) 1 (c) (n )
1 2n
(d)  
2  n 

−2
Sol: f1 ( −2 ) = f ( −2 ) = =2
−1

f 2 ( −2 ) = f ( f ( −2 ) ) =
2
3

(
f 3 ( −2 ) = f f ( f ( −2 ) ) = ) 2
5

2
f n ( −2 ) =
2n − 1
Multiply
2n
f1 ( −2 ) .f 2 ( −2 ) .f 3 ( −2 ) ...f n ( −2 ) =
1.3.5... ( 2n − 1)

5. [2020] Let S = {1, 2,….., n}. For any non-empty subset, A of S, let l(A) denote the largest number in
A. If f (n) =  l(A) , that is, f(n) is the sum of the numbers l(A) while A ranges over all the nonempty
A S

subsets of S, then f(n) is

(a) 2n(n+1) (b) 2n (n + 1) –1 (c) 2n (n - 1) (d) 2n (n - 1) + 1
Sol: f(n) = 1.1 + 2.2 + 3.22 + …. + n.2n-1
2f(n) = 1.2 + 2.22 …. + (n –1).2n-1 + n 2n
− f(n) = (1 + 2 + 22 … + 2n-1) – n2n
SET - FUNCTION 5

−f ( n ) =
(2 n
− 1)
− n2n
2 −1
f ( n ) = n2n − 2n + 1

= ( n − 1) 2n + 1

6. A real valued function f(x) satisfies the functional equation f ( x − y ) = f ( x ) .f ( y ) − f ( a − x ) f ( a + y ) for

some given constant a and f(0) = 1 then f(2a-x) =

(a) f ( x ) (b) −f ( x ) (c) f ( − x ) (d) f ( a ) + f ( a − x )

Ans. (b)
Sol. Put x = y = 0  f ( a ) = 0

f ( a − x ) = f ( a − ( x − a ) ) = f ( a ).f ( x − a ) − f ( a − a )

 x + 59 
7. A function f satisfies the equation 3f ( x ) + 2f   = 10 x + 30, ( x  1)
 x −1 
f (11)
then the value of is
f (7)

(a) 7 (b) 11 (c) -7 (d) -11

Ans. (b)

Sol. At

.(1)

but to get

..(2)

Using componendo and dividendo

8. If f is a real valued function satisfying f ( x ) + f ( x + 6 ) = f ( x + 3) + f ( x + 9 ) , then f ( x ) =

(a) f ( x + 3) (b) f ( x + 6 ) (c) f ( x + 9 ) (d) f ( x + 12 )

SET - FUNCTION 6

Ans. (d)
Sol. Replace x with x+3
x+y 1
9. Let f   = (f (x) + f (y)) for real x and y. If f  (0) exists and equals to -1
 2  2
and f(0)=1 then the value of f(2) is
1
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) (d) 2
2
Ans. (b)
f (x + h) − f (x)
f (x) = lim
h →0 h
f (2x) + f (2h)
− f (x)
Sol. = lim 2
h →0 h

f (x) = −1 ; f (2x) = 2f (x) -1
 f (x) = 1 − x

10. A function f : R → R satisfies the equation f(x)f(y) – f(xy) = x + y  x, y  R and f(1) > 0, then
(a) f (x) f −1 (x) = x 2 − 4 (b) f (x) f −1 (x) = x 2 − 6

(c) f (x) f −1 (x) = x 2 − 1 (d) none of these

Ans. (c)
Sol. Taking x = y = 1, we get
f (1) f (1) − f (1) = 2

 f 2 (1) − f (1) − 2 = 0  ( f (1) − 2) ( f (1) + 1) = 0

 f (1) = 2 (as f(1) > 0)

Taking y = 1, we get
f(x). f(1) – f(x) = x + 1
 f(x) = x + 1  f −1 (x) = x − 1

 f (x).f −1 (x) = x 2 − 1

11. Let f be a function such that f ( x + f ( y ) ) = f ( x ) + y;  x, y R then f ( 2013) = ___

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2013 (d) 4026

Ans. (c)
Sol. Put y = x  f ( x + f ( x ) ) = f ( x ) + x
SET - FUNCTION 7

 f ( t ) = t (Identity function)

12. If f is a polynomial function satisfying 2 + f(x) f(y) = f(x) + f(y) + f(xy), x, y R
and if f(2) = 5, then find the value of f(f(2)).
(a) 64 (b) 16 (c) 42 (d) 26
Ans: (d)
1
Sol: Put y =
x

1 1
 2 + f ( x ) f   = f ( x ) + f   + f (1)
x x
Now put x = 1
 2 + (f(1))2 = 3f(1)
 f(1) = 1 or 2
But f(1)  1, otherwise from the given relation 2 + f(x) f(1) = f(x) + f(1) + f(x) or f(x) = 1, which is
not possible as given that f(2) - 5.
Hence, f(1) = 2.
1 1
 From (1). we have f ( x ) f   = f ( x ) + f  
x   x  

 f(x) = ±xn + 1 f(2) = ±2n + 1 = 5

 2n = 4  n = 2 f(x) = x2 + 1
f(f(2)) = f(5) = 26
100
13. If 2f(xy) ={f(x))y + [f(y)]x for all x, y,  R. and f(1) = 2. Then find the value of f (r) .
r =1

Sol: Given, 2f(xy) ={f(x))y + [f(y)]x for all x, y,  R ….(i)

Putting y = 1, we get 2f(x) = f(x) + [f(1)]x
 f(x) = 2x  f(r) = 2r
100 100
2 ( 2100 − 1)
Now,  f ( r ) = 2
r =1 r =1
r
= 2 + 22 + 23 + .... + 2100 =
2 −1
= 2201 − 2

 1− x 
14. If a function satisfies 2f ( x − 1) − f   = x; ( x  0 ) , then determine f(x).
 x 

 1− x 
Sol: We have 2f ( x − 1) − f   = x, x  0
 x 
SET - FUNCTION 8

 1− x 
 2f ( x − 1) − f  =x
 x 

1  1
Replacing x by 1/x, we get 2f  − 1 − f ( x − 1) =
x  x

1
Now, the operation 2x(i) + (ii) gives 4f(x – 1) – f(x – 1) = 2x + .
x
2x 2 + 1
 3f ( x − 1) =
x

2 ( x − 1 + 1) + 1
2

 3f ( x − 1) =
x −1 +1

2 ( x + 1) + 1 2x 2 + 4x + 3
2

 f (x) = =
3 ( x + 1) 3 ( x + 1)

15. Determine all functions f : r → r such that

f(x – f(y)) = f(f(y)) + xf (y) + f(x) - l,  x, y  R.
Sol: f(x – f(y)) = f(f(y)) + xf(y) + f(x) -1 …(i)
Put x = f(y) = 0
Then, f(0) = f(0) + 0 + f(0) – 1
 f(0) = 1 …(ii)
Again put x = f(y) =  in Eq. (i), then f(0) = f () + 2 + f () - 1
 l = 2f() + 2 - l
2 − 2 2
 f () = = 1−
2 2
x2
Hence, f ( x ) = 1 − is the unique function.
2
16. Let n be a positive integer and define f(n) = 1! + 2! + 3! +…..+ n! where
n! = n(n – l)(n – 2)...321 find polynomials P(x). Q(x) such that
f(n + 2) = P(n)f(n + 1) + Q(n)f(n)  n  1.
Sol: f(n) = l! + 2! + 3!+...+ n! ….(i)
 f(n + l) = l! + 2! + ...+ n! + (n + 1)! ….(ii)
Subtract Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), then
f(n + 1) – f(n) = (n + 1)! ….(iii)
Now, f(n + 2) = 1! + 2! +….. + (n + 1)! + (n + 2)!
SET - FUNCTION 9

= f(n + 1) + (n + 2)(n + 1)!

= f(n + 1) + (n + 2) {f(n + 1) – f(n)}
 f(n + 2) = (n + 3)f(n + 1) + (- n - 2) f(n) ….(iv)
But given
f(n + 2) = P(n)f(n + l) + Q(n)f(n) ….(v)
Comparing Eqs. (iv) and (v). we get
P(n) = n + 3, Q(n) = – n – 2
P(x) = x + 3, Q(x) = – x – 2