Unit -6
Physical Education
Course on
Test, Measurement
& Evaluation..!!
UNIT CONTENTS
6.1. Define Test, Measurements and Evaluation.
6.2. Importance of Test, Measurements and
Evaluation in Sports.
6.3. Calculation of BMI, Waist – Hip Ratio, Skin
fold measurement (3-site)
6.4. Somato Types (Endomorphy, Mesomorphy &
Ectomorphy)
6.5. Measurements of health-related fitness
6.1 Concept of Test, Measurement &
Evaluation in Physical Education & sports
Test :
“A test is a tool which is used to
evaluate the skill, knowledge,
capitulates or aptitudes of
an individual or a group.”
OR
“A Test is a tool which is used to
evaluate the quality, performance
and reliability of the task
completed by a person.”
Measurement :
“Measurement is a collection of data
and information about certain skill or
level of fitness of an individual by
using test and relevant techniques.”
OR
“Measurement is about the collection
of data about performance or task
completed by a sports person by using
a test.”
Evaluation :
“It is a systematic
determination of a subjects
merit, worth and significance,
using criteria governed by a set
of standards.”
OR
“It is the process of education
that involves collection of data
from the products which can
be used for comparison with
the preconceived criteria to
make judgement.”
6.2 Importance of Test,
Measurement and Evaluation in
Sports
1. To frame the objectives.
2. To help the selection of player.
3. To help the evaluate the
learners.
4. To evaluate the teaching
programme.
5. To know the capacities and
abilities of players.
6.3. Calculation of BMI, Waist – Hip Ratio,
Skin fold measurement (3-site)
1. Body Mass Index (BMI)
BMI of any individual can
be calculated with the
help of the following
formula.
Here the weight of the individual’s is measured in kg
and the Height of that individual is taken in meter.
Practice Question
Calculate the BMI of a male person
whose body weight is 80 kg and his
height is 1.60 m.
Also state the category in which he
falls?
2. Waist Hip Ratio (W.H.R.)
Waist-hip ratio is defined
as the measurement of
waist circumference
divided by Hip
Circumference.
It is used as a risk factor assessment tool for heart
diseases, Hypertension and Type-II diabetes. Excess
body fat is considered a risk factor of deceases.
Practice Question
Q. If an individual (male) waist
circumference measurement is 30 inches
and hip circumference measurement is 44
inches.
Than calculate his waist hip ratio.
Also state the category of his health risk.
3. Skin fold measurement (3-site) :
A three-site skinfold
measurement is a method for
estimating body fat % by
measuring the thickness of
subcutaneous fat (a layer of fat
that's stored just beneath the
skin) at three different sites on
the body :
•Men: The chest, abdomen, and
thigh are the three sites
measured.
•Women: The triceps, suprailiac,
and thigh are the three sites
measured.
6.4 Somato Types (Endomorph, Mesomorph,
Ectomorph)
Somato types means
human body shape and
physique type.
According to W.H.
Sheldon, human beings
can be classified into
three extreme
body types i.e.
1. Endomorphy :
People with endomorph body
structure have rounded
physique.
Their excessive mass hinders
their ability to compete in
sports. Suitable games weight
lifting and power lifting.
2. Mesomorphy:
People with mesomorphy
body structure have thick
bones and muscles with
rectangular shaped body.
They have larger and broader
chest and shoulders can be
top sports person in any
sport.
3. Ectomorphy :
These realism person
because their muscles and
limbs are elongated. They
have flat chest and have
less muscle mass.
They have less strength
but dominate endurance
sports.
6.5 Measurements of health-related fitness
Physical fitness test administration
provides all the necessary information
that is required to create and plan a
proper fitness program for an individual.
It essentially tests five components
which are described below :
1. Cardiovascular Endurance :
It is the body’s ability to keep up with
exercises like running, jogging, swimming,
cycling, etc.
Various tests that measure the
cardiovascular endurance includes
Endurance Run/Walk (1 mile), Harvard
Step Test etc.
2. Muscular Strength :
It is the amount of force put forth by
individual’s muscles. It measures the
‘power’ that helps an individual to lift and
carry heavy objects.
It is often measured by how much weight
a person can lift. Various tests for
muscular strength include doing partial
push-ups, pull-ups, weightlifting with few
repetitions, etc.
3. Muscular Endurance :
It refers to the ability to perform muscular
exercise for longer duration without
getting tired.
It’s measuring includes number of sit-ups
a person can do correctly, push-ups, pull-
ups, etc.
4. Flexibility :
It is the ability to use your joints fully or in
other words, it is the range of movements of
joints.
The Sit and Reach Test, Floor Touch Test,
Toe Touch Test, etc. are some of the tests
used to measure flexibility.
5. Body Composition :
It is the percentage of bodyweight, i.e. fat
compared to other body tissue, such as
bone, muscle, ligament, etc.
An individual’s body composition can be
measured using an instrument called
calipers, a specialized scale or it can be
calculated by Body Mass Index (BMI) which
uses height and weight, and WHR.
Q.1. What is the full form of B.M.I.?
(a) Body Management Index
(b) Body Mold Index
(c) Body Mass Index .
(d) Body Motivation Index
3. Harvard step test measures
(a) Cardiovascular endurance.
(b) abdominal strength
(c) Flexibility
(d) Endurance
4. Which of the following is not a type of testing?
(a) Diagnostic testing
(b) Summative testing
(c) Formative testing
(d) Descriptive testing.
5. Which type of testing is typically happens at the start of a new phase of
Education?
(a) Diagnostic testing.
(b) Summative testing
(c) Formative testing
(d) Descriptive testing
Short Answer Questions
1. What do you understand by a test?
Ans. A test may be called a tool, question or
examination which is being used to measure a
particular characteristic of an individual or a
sportsperson.
2. What is measurement?
Ans. It is the process of tests and techniques to
collect information or data regarding the level of
fitness or skill of sportspersons.
3. What is evaluation?
Ans. It is a technique by which we can know to what
extent the objectives of a programme are being
achieved.
Long Answer Questions
Q. Describe in detail the five
components of physical
fitness test administration.
Practice Questions
Q. Ravishankar is a physical education
teacher in a college. He is working on
a project to collect data for assessing
physical fitness amongst the
students. He plans to administer
muscular strength of a student.
List the test’s he should conduct and
also explains in detail the procedure
of its administration along with
scoring system.
