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NOUNS countable = N VS. Uncountable = N N

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A. : boy- boys; cry- cries; bus- buses; bush- bushes; hero- heroes ; ! photo –photos ; ! wife – wives ; etc.
> a ;an; the; one; 5 boys; some ; several ; many ; many more ; a lot of ; lots of; a few ; few ; fewer ; both;
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
B. Advice : applause; information = data ; money; furniture; homework; knowledge; luggage=baggage; evidence;
> nonsense ; rubbish; progress; strength; traffic ; machinery ; garbage; toast = bread;……….……………

> to go shopping; in such foggy weather ;…………………………………………………………………………….

~ news; physics= subject ; mumps/measles; = disease ; billiards = sports/game ;……..…………

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+ a piece of ; a lot of; some; a little +; little -; much; less; a slice /a loaf of bread; a lump of sugar;….……
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~ Possible : N = NN => All the actors are.. / the money is … ; A lot of letters / evidence ; Some boys /
information ;
=> There were lots of boys / There is lots of yoghurt ; Any student / ink ; Plenty of boys / money ;
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1. Family; audience; class ;crew ;crowd ;jury; mob ;council; staff ;team ;committee ;company; gang ;…

My family is large / small® singular = stucture. = 1 single unit ; ………………………………………………….

My family are at home ; All class were given marks > plural = members. ……………………………………..
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2. Lifelives; (fves ) : elf ; self ; wolf ; loaf ; thief ; leaf ; knife ; shelf ; calf ; wife ; half ; sheaf,…………

~ dwarfs / dwarves, : hoof, scarf , wharf, ………………………………………. ; !!! Excp. : still life still -
lifes !
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3. Child  children ; man  men ; woman  women; ox  oxen ; goose - geese ; foot – feet ; tooth - teeth ;

mouse  mice ; louse  lice ; die  dice ; brother  brethren*=………....; ! STOP : specimen / specimens
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4. Both nouns : # sex: man / woman student ® men / women students; ;women drivers;………………………

! But : man -eaters ; woman- haters;…………………………………………………………………………..….…

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5. Crisis=crises ; nucleus=nuclei ; formula =formulae ; criterion=criteria ; medium=media ;……………………..…

! But : genius = pl.geniuses =………...………. … /*genii =……………………..; *formulas = ………………..…

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6. Sg.= pl. : 1 sheep = 5 sheep / craft / offspring / Chinese /Japanese / Portuguese ;…………………………....
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7. Pl. =sg. :1 means /series /species = 5 means /series /species. …………………………………………………
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8 .Singular: fish; fruit; deer; trout ; coffee; ………………….………………………. =>’How much fruit do you
eat?’

! But pl. : Plural: fishes; fruits; coffees ® species ; kinds ; types ;

………………………………………………
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9. People : the police ; military; clergy; cattle; +Vpl. [ ! a people is; people are ; peoples are = popoare ;………

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10. Plural nouns: made up of 2 equal parts : trousers; glasses; pants; scissors ; compasses; ……….. +
Vpl.
! But : sg. possible : = a pair of glasses; 5 pairs of scissors ;…….…………………………………………………
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11. Plural nouns +V/ pl. : Antipodes ; belongings ; brains = intellect; goods; outskirts; thanks; tropics;

*contents = ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

~ But sg. : clothes = haine; > sg.= a coat ………………..……………………………………………………..…

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12. Special plural : grown - up = grown-ups; passers- by ; forget-me-nots ; mothers- in- law ; lookers - on ;

> breakdowns ; …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

> mousetraps or ?micetraps ; toothbrushes or ?teethbrushes ; courts -martial or courts -martials / court - martials

> lay-offs……………………….………; onlookers……………………..….….……; in-laws………………..….……

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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13.The poor / rich / injured / wounded / English / Browns / jobless / elderly / best informed…+V/pl; ……….
> The less fortunate , …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
! But : The good are…… = cei buni Vs. > The good always wins = binele ; ;……………………………..
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14. Proper nouns : Mary; Henry; January; Germany ; +s ---There are 2 Marys and 3 Henrys in our class; ……

! But :……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…
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15. Sg. / pl # *pl : colour / colours > culoare / culori VS. *colours = drapel ;  ! only in the plural ;…..……

1. custom / customs >obicei ,datina / obiceiuri Vs. *customs = ………..….…….…………...~ / officer.

2. ground = ………………………………………………Vs. *grounds = ……………………………….……………...

3. premise = a statement or idea ; Vs. premises = the buildings, land that a shop, restaurant etc uses.

4. …………………………………………. …….……………………………………………………….…………………..

5.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………

16. ‘Would you like a glass of water ?’ ; Tom can’t see without his glasses. ; The vase is made of glass.
> Buy a paper ! ; Write the number on a piece of paper ! ; Bring all the necessary papers = documents !

>‘There is a hair a hair in my soup!!! ‘ ; Tom has got dark hair, hasn’t he ?’ => all the hair on the head ;
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….…………

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NUMERALS :
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1. 4 = four / 40 = forty ; 5 = five / 5 0 = fifty , ……………….……………………………………….see/ p…..

2. A. : 3oo hundred sheep ; 2 dozen eggs;……………………………………….………………………………………

B. : Hundreds of fans are present. ; Thousands of people are unhappy; It was sold for 5 millions; ®…………
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3. In the twenties / forties ; ® 1920’s =1920s ; ………….……………………………………………………………
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4. I’ve been here once / twice ; ! but 3,4,5… times so far ; every 4 = four years ; once ;twice ; 3 /5 /7 a day ;

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5. My flat is on the fifth floor! ; Only a tenth of the population voted; ……………..………………………………
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6. WWI = The First World War ; Henry VIII = Henry the eighth; ………………………………………………………
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7.One unit® 1 : a whole amount ;……………..………..………………………………………………………………

a. ® 5 weeks is a log time; 40 = forty/miles is a long way; USA is a powerful country;……………………….

® 90 hundred pounds was a lot to spend; ………..…………..…………………………………………………………

® Fish and chips is a popular meal;……! # but ® Fish and chips make a good meal.> the items as ’separate’;
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