1.
Backup and Recovery
Full Backup: Regularly create full backups using tools like mysqldump, mysqlpump,
or physical backups using Percona XtraBackup or MySQL Enterprise Backup.
Incremental Backup: Capture changes made since the last backup using binary logs.
Test Backups: Regularly restore backups to test their integrity.
2. Performance Optimization
Analyze and Optimize Tables:
ANALYZE TABLE table_name;
OPTIMIZE TABLE table_name;
o ANALYZE TABLE updates table statistics for the query optimizer.
o OPTIMIZE TABLE defragments tables and reclaims unused space for InnoDB
and MyISAM.
Query Optimization:
o Use EXPLAIN or ANALYZE to analyze query execution plans.
o Optimize slow queries identified from the slow query log.
Index Maintenance:
o Regularly review and rebuild fragmented indexes:
ALTER TABLE table_name ENGINE=InnoDB;
o Drop unused or duplicate indexes.
3. Log Management
Rotate Logs: Use FLUSH LOGS to rotate logs and prevent them from growing too
large.
Monitor Logs:
o Error log for critical issues.
o Slow query log for performance bottlenecks.
o General query log (if enabled) for activity monitoring.
4. Storage Management
Tablespace Management:
o Reclaim unused space by reconfiguring or defragmenting large tablespaces.
o Move data files if disk space becomes an issue.
Binary Log Management:
o Purge outdated binary logs to free up space:
PURGE BINARY LOGS TO 'log_name';
5. Security Maintenance
Account Management:
o Remove unused user accounts and enforce strong passwords.
o Regularly review privileges:
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'user_name';
SSL/TLS Configuration: Ensure secure communication between the client and
server.
Audit and Monitor: Use plugins like MySQL Enterprise Audit or third-party tools
for compliance and security monitoring.
6. Monitoring and Health Checks
Monitor Server Metrics:
o Use tools like performance_schema and sys schema to monitor server health.
o Key metrics: Buffer pool usage, CPU, disk I/O, and query response times.
Check Table Health:
CHECK TABLE table_name;
o Identifies corrupt tables and data inconsistencies.
Disk Usage Monitoring:
o Regularly check disk space for the data directory and logs.
7. Upgrade and Patching
Apply Updates:
o Regularly patch MySQL to the latest version to fix bugs and improve security.
Test Before Upgrading:
o Validate schema and queries for compatibility with the new version.
8. Replication Maintenance
Monitor Replication Lag:
SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
Resynchronize Replicas:
o Identify and fix errors in replication.
9. Archiving and Purging Old Data
Partitioning:
o Use partitioning to archive old data without affecting performance.
Manual Cleanup:
o Use queries to delete outdated rows or data.
10. Configuration Reviews
Parameter Tuning:
o Optimize innodb_buffer_pool_size, query_cache_size,
max_connections, and other parameters.
Review Environment Variables:
o Ensure proper settings for tmpdir, datadir, and log paths.
