Think it Over: b. What do you think the theme of the unit will be?

a. Relate each of the pictures below to its correct Think it Over:

designation: a. Relate each of the pictures below to its correct
[world resources – poverty - biodiversity – rainforest – coal – desert - sea] designation:
[world resources – poverty - biodiversity – rainforest – coal – desert - sea]

………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………..
 …………………………………………………………..
b. What do you think the theme of the unit will be?

Before You Read : Before You Read :

Look at the pictures below then say what they represent. Look at the pictures below then say what they represent.

……………………………………… ………………………………………

……………………………………. …………………………………….
As You Read :
1. Read the text and choose the best answer: As You Read :
A) The Amazon rainforest is situated in………: 1. Read the text and choose the best answer:
a. Bolivia b. Brazil c. the Equatorial zone A) The Amazon rainforest is situated in………:
B) Many plant and animal species………….in this forest. a. Bolivia b. Brazil c. the Equatorial zone
a. are given b. are found c. are used B) Many plant and animal species………….in this forest.
C) 15% of the forest was cleared and 4 to 5% was degraded in …..: a. are given b. are found c. are used
a. 3 years b. 13 years c. 30 years C) 15% of the forest was cleared and 4 to 5% was degraded in …..:
2. Read the text and answer the questions below: a. 3 years b. 13 years c. 30 years
a. How much carbon is stored in the trees of the Amazon forest?
2. Read the text and answer the questions below:
b. Which countries are inside the Amazon basin ecosystem?
a. How much carbon is stored in the trees of the Amazon forest?
c. Why has the Amazon basin ecosystem historically been protected?
b. Which countries are inside the Amazon basin ecosystem?
d. What will happen to the Amazon forest if its destruction isn’t stopped?
c. Why has the Amazon basin ecosystem historically been protected?
After You Read : d. What will happen to the Amazon forest if its destruction isn’t stopped?
Fill in the blanks with suitable words so that the text After You Read :
makes sense: Fill in the blanks with suitable words so that the text
(countries - Amazon – biodiversity - earth - rainforest)
makes sense:
(countries - Amazon – biodiversity - earth - rainforest)
The Amazon………………, also known as Amazonia, is one of the
world's greatest natural resources. Because its vegetation continuously The Amazon………………, also known as Amazonia, is one of the
recycles carbon dioxide into oxygen, it has been described as the "Lung of our world's greatest natural resources. Because its vegetation continuously
Planet". About 20% of…………..'s oxygen is produced by the Amazon recycles carbon dioxide into oxygen, it has been described as the "Lung of our
rainforest. Planet". About 20% of…………..'s oxygen is produced by the Amazon
The Amazon rainforest gets its name from the……………….River, the rainforest.
life force of the rainforest. The main river is about 4,080 miles long. Its The Amazon rainforest gets its name from the……………….River, the
drainage basin covers 2,722,000 million square miles, and lies in life force of the rainforest. The main river is about 4,080 miles long. Its
the……………….like: Brazil, Columbia, Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, and drainage basin covers 2,722,000 million square miles, and lies in
Bolivia. The Amazon rainforest division is home to the world's highest level the………………like: Brazil, Columbia, Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, and
of…………………….
Bolivia. The Amazon rainforest division is home to the world's highest level May ……………………………………….
Must + stem ……………………………………….
of……………………. Would ……………………………………….
Could ……………………………………….
Should ………………………………………..
might ………………………………………..

Grammar Desk :
Consider this paragraph below and answer questions (1- Grammar Desk :
4) that follow: Consider this paragraph below and answer questions (1-
18,000 km2 of forest trees are felled by timber companies. Throughout the 4) that follow:
1960s and 1970s, new roads were built in Amazonia by the Brazilian 18,000 km2 of forest trees are felled by timber companies. Throughout the
government since then the Amazon basic ecosystem has historically been 1960s and 1970s, new roads were built in Amazonia by the Brazilian
protected from threats because of its isolation. This forest will be devastated government since then the Amazon basic ecosystem has historically been
in less than 20 years. protected from threats because of its isolation. This forest will be devastated
1. Underline all the verbs above . What do you notice ? in less than 20 years.
2. Classify the sentences in the table below : 1. Underline all the verbs above . What do you notice ?
Present Past Future Present 2. Classify the sentences in the table below :
simple simple simple Perfect Present Past Future Present
sentences simple simple simple Perfect
3. Rewrite them starting as follow: sentences
a. Timber companies…………………………………………. 3. Rewrite them starting as follow:
b. The Brazilian government…………………………………. a. Timber companies………………………………………….
c. Nature……………………………………………………… b. The Brazilian government………………………………….
d. People…………………………………………………… c. Nature………………………………………………………
4. Fill in the table of rules below : d. People………………………………………………………
Active voice Passive voice 4. Fill in the table of rules below :
Rules Present simple ……………………………………….
Active voice Passive voice
Present continuous ……………………………………….
Rules Present simple ……………………………………….
Present perfect ……………………………………….
Present continuous ……………………………………….
Past simple ……………………………………….
Present perfect ……………………………………….
Past continuous ……………………………………….
Past simple ……………………………………….
Past perfect ……………………………………….
Past continuous ……………………………………….
Will ……………………………………….
Past perfect ……………………………………….
Shall ……………………………………….
Will ……………………………………….
Can ……………………………………….
 Shall ………………………………………. (b) Air pollution…………………………………………………….
Can ………………………………………. (a)Water pollution will run down many water zones of their oxygen soon.
May ………………………………………. (b)Many water zones……………………………………………………
Must + stem ……………………………………….
Would ………………………………………. (a) Cigarette smoking was prohibited some years ago.
Could ………………………………………. (b) Some governments……………………………………..
Should ………………………………………..
might ……………………………………….. (a)We haven’t imposed severe limits on gas emissions and noise yet.
(b)Severe limits on gas emissions and noise…………………………. yet.
(a) A lot of environmental stamps have been manufactured here.
Practice: (b) Our ministry ……………………………..
1. Read the report below and put the verbs between (a) Sustainable development must be followed and seen in a good way.
brackets into the simple past passive : ( was/ were + (b) Governments…………….…………………..
p.p). Practice:
The Exxon Valdez ship (destroy)……………just off the coast of Alaska 1. Read the report below and put the verbs between
in 1986. It was carrying a huge cargo of oil. The oil spilled out, and it (wash) brackets into the simple past passive: ( was/ were +
……………..onto the seashore by the wind. The water (pollute)…………… p.p).
The seaside (damage)……………… And the fishing industry The Exxon Valdez ship (destroy)……………just off the coast of Alaska
(ruin)………….. ………Even hotels and restaurants near the beach in 1986. It was carrying a huge cargo of oil. The oil spilled out, and it (wash)
(close)…………….. ……………..onto the seashore by the wind. The water (pollute)……………
The seaside (damage)……………… And the fishing industry
2. Choose the best tense form of the verbs between (ruin)………….. ………Even hotels and restaurants near the beach
(close)……………..
brackets:
A: What happened to the Exxon Valdez?
B: It (wrecked/was wrecked) off the coast of California and the oil spilled out. 2. Choose the best tense form of the verbs between
A: (Did the oil wash) out onto the beach? brackets:
(Was the oil washed) out onto the beach? A: What happened to the Exxon Valdez?
B: Yes, it was. It (spread / was spread) out by the winds. B: It (wrecked/was wrecked) off the coast of California and the oil spilled out.
A: (Did the fish poison)? / (Were the fish poisoned)? A: (Did the oil wash) out onto the beach?
B: Yes, they were. They (suffocated / were suffocated) for lack of oxygen. (Was the oil washed) out onto the beach ?
A: And at he end,was the area cleaned?./ Did the workers clean the area? B: Yes, it was. It (spread / was spread) out by the winds.
B: Yes, it was. A: (Did the fish poison)? / (Were the fish poisoned)?
3. Act out the dialogue above and pay attention to B: Yes, they were. They (suffocated / were suffocated) for lack of oxygen.
the pronunciation of (was) and (were): A: And at he end,was the area cleaned?./ Did the workers clean the area?
B: Yes, it was.
4. Rewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same
3. Act out the dialogue above and pay attention to
as (a):
a) Fumes from automobile can cause air pollution. the pronunciation of (was) and (were):
4. Rewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same
as (a): Write it Right:
(a) Fumes from automobile can cause air pollution. Right after the Exxon Valdez catastrophe, the owner of the
(b) Air pollution……………………………………………………. shipping company made a press release to apologize for the
(a)Water pollution will run down many water zones of their oxygen soon. damage and to promise reparation.
(b)Many water zones…………………………………………………… Rewrite the press release using the secretary’s notes in the
box below and the future simple passive: (you can add
(a) Cigarette smoking was prohibited some years ago. others).
(b) Some governments…………………………………….. - 2,000 workers / recruit / soon
(a)We haven’t imposed severe limits on gas emissions and noise yet - Oil / recuperate / special machines
(b)Severe limits on gas emissions and noise…………………………. yet. - Beaches / clean
- Birds / wash out
(a) A lot of environmental stamps have been manufactured here. - Marine life / restore
(b) Our ministry …………………………….. - Tourist industry / give back / its losses
(a) Sustainable development must be followed and seen in a good way. - Hotel workers / occupy / the company
(b) Governments…………….…………………..
Start like this :
We make our sincere apologies for the damage caused by the wreck of
Write it Right: the Exxon Valdez yesterday. We promise that…………………..
Right after the Exxon Valdez catastrophe, the owner of the
shipping company made a press release to apologize for the
damage and to promise reparation.
Rewrite the press release using the secretary’s notes in the Write it Right:
box below and the future simple passive: (you can add Right after the Exxon Valdez catastrophe, the owner of the
others). shipping company made a press release to apologize for the
- 2,000 workers / recruit / soon damage and to promise reparation.
- Oil / recuperate / special machines Rewrite the press release using the secretary’s notes in the
- Beaches / clean box below and the future simple passive: (you can add
- Birds / wash out others).
- Marine life / restore - 2,000 workers / recruit / soon
- Tourist industry / give back / its losses - Oil / recuperate / special machines
- Hotel workers / occupy / the company - Beaches / clean
- Birds / wash out
Start like this : - Marine life / restore
We make our sincere apologies for the damage caused by the wreck of - Tourist industry / give back / its losses
the Exxon Valdez yesterday. We promise that………………….. - Hotel workers / occupy / the company

....................................................................................................................... Start like this :

....................
 We make our sincere apologies for the damage caused by the wreck of
the Exxon Valdez yesterday. We promise that…………………..
Task : Connect each pair of sentences with words provided in
....................................................................................................................... brackets. Make changes where necessary.
.................... (1) You must stop throwing rubbish. You are polluting environment.
Write it Right: ( so as not to)
Right after the Exxon Valdez catastrophe, the owner of the ………………………………………………………..….
shipping company made a press release to apologize for the
damage and to promise reparation. (2) We are conserving energy. We do not waste much money. ( so that).
Rewrite the press release using the secretary’s notes in the ……………………………………….. ………………………….
box below and the future simple passive: (you can add (3) We have to recycle products. We want to reproduce other things from
others). them . ( in order to)
- 2,000 workers / recruit / soon ………………………………..……………………………………..
- Oil / recuperate / special machines
- Beaches / clean (4) Governments should help the poor. They are building new houses. ( to).
- Birds / wash out ………………… ….……………………………. ……..
- Marine life / restore
- Tourist industry / give back / its losses (5) students are working hard. Students pass exams next week. ( so that)
- Hotel workers / occupy / the company ………………………………………………………………

Start like this : (6) People are planting more tress. Drought can not occur. ( in order that)
We make our sincere apologies for the damage caused by the wreck of ………………………………………………..
the Exxon Valdez yesterday. We promise that…………………..
(7) scientists are working on renewable energies. They give us a comfortable
life. ( so that).
………………………………………………………
Grammar Explorer 4:

 Consider the short paragraph and answer the questions that follow: Grammar Explorer 4:
People must preserve all alternative energies in order to have safe life
without pollution. Also, they are obliged to plant trees so that they can  Consider the short paragraph and answer the questions that follow:
protect nature from deforestation. People must preserve all alternative energies in order to have safe life
without pollution. Also, they are obliged to plant trees so that they can
a. What do‫ ״‬in order to / so that ‫ ״‬express?............ protect nature from deforestation.
b. Which verbs are used in the second sentence?........... …………….
c.Do you know other link words used with purpose?........ a. What do‫ ״‬in order to / so that ‫ ״‬express?............
…………………………………………… b. Which verbs are used in the second sentence?...........
d.what are the negative forms of these …………….
words?......................... c. Do you know other link words used with
purpose?........
 …………………………………………… However, solar energy is by far the most viable. ( ) It is cheaper, ( )
d. what are the negative forms of these safer ( ) and less polluting.( ) SONELGAZ has already built power plants
words?......................... in Biskra, ( ) Djelfa, ( ) Hassi Rmel ( ) and other localities in the South
of Algeria. ( )
Task : Connect each pair of sentences with words provided in
brackets. Make changes where necessary. 2. Consider the consonant and vowel sounds in the box below
(1) You must stop throwing rubbish. You are polluting environment. and do the tasks that follow:
( so as not to) a. Circle the sounds which don’t exist in your own language :
………………………………………………………..….
(2) We are conserving energy. We do not waste much money. ( so that). p t k f s θ ʃ tʃ
……………………………………….. …………………………. b d g v z ð ʒ dʒ

(3) We have to recycle products. We want to reproduce other things from h l r w m n ŋ j

them . ( in order to)
ə iː uː ʊ
………………………………..……………………………………..
ɪ ɜː ɔː ɒ
(4) Governments should help the poor. They are building new houses. ( to). e æ ɑː ʌ
………………… ….……………………………. …….. b. Try to pronounce the following words correctly:

(5) students are working hard. Students pass exams next week. ( so that) p pen, copy, happen r river, forest, tree
……………………………………………………………… tʃ church, match, nature ə about, common, standard, teacher
g get, giggle, bag ɜː nurse, stir, learn, refer, girl
(6) People are planting more tress. Drought can not occur. ( in order that)
v view, heavy, move ɔː thought, law, north, war
………………………………………………..
ʒ pleasure, vision ɒ lot, odd, wash, hot, not
(7) scientists are working on renewable energies. They give us a comfortable ŋ ring, anger, thanks, sung æ trap, bad, black, back,
life. ( so that). l coal, deplete, natural ʌ strut, mud, love, blood
………………………………………………………
Say it Loud and Clear :
1. Listen to your teacher and mark the intonation on the Say it Loud and Clear :
the underlined words with an appropriate arrow 1. Listen to your teacher and mark the intonation on the
( ): the underlined words with an appropriate arrow
There are five types of alternative energies : ( ) solar, ( ) wind, ( ) ( ):
biomass, ( ) and hydroelectric. ( )All of them can be produced in our There are five types of alternative energies : ( ) solar, ( ) wind, ( )
country because we have the following natural resources: ( ) the wind, ( ) biomass, ( ) and hydroelectric. ( )All of them can be produced in our
the sun, ( ) the mountains… ( ) country because we have the following natural resources: ( ) the wind, ( )
the sun, ( ) the mountains… ( )
 However, solar energy is by far the most viable. ( ) It is cheaper, ( ) E) Which of the items below can be used to express the same idea as in
safer ( ) and less polluting.( ) SONELGAZ has already built power plants the sentences above? Circle them: may, should, must, have to,
in Biskra, ( ) Djelfa, ( ) Hassi Rmel ( ) and other localities in the South (If I were you, I would + v stem ), could, ought to, might.
of Algeria. ( )
F) What is the short form (contraction) of ‫״‬had better‫? ״‬...........
2. Consider the consonant and vowel sounds in the box below In which sentence can we use it, the 1st or the 2nd? ............
and do the tasks that follow:
a. Circle the sounds which don’t exist in your own language :
Task : Rewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as
p t k f s θ ʃ tʃ sentence (a) :
(a) I think you should stop wasting water around here.
b d g v z ð ʒ dʒ (b) You………………………………………………………..….
h l r w m n ŋ j
(a) We ought not to neglect to take the necessary measures to conserve
ə iː uː ʊ energy
ɪ ɜː ɔː ɒ (b) We……………………………………….. ………………………….
e æ ɑː ʌ
(a) We should all protect our nature from pollution.
b. Try to pronounce the following words correctly: (b) If………………………………..……………………………………..
p pen, copy, happen r river, forest, tree (a) Governments should give a helping hand to the "shadow areas".
tʃ church, match, nature ə about, common, standard, teacher (b) Governments……………………….……………………………. ……..
g get, giggle, bag ɜː nurse, stir, learn, refer, girl
(a) You shouldn’t abandon orphans alone .
v view, heavy, move ɔː thought, law, north, war
(b) If…………………………………………………………………
ʒ pleasure, vision ɒ lot, odd, wash, hot, not
ŋ ring, anger, thanks, sung æ trap, bad, black, back, (a) People are highly advised to use renewable energies.
l coal, deplete, natural ʌ strut, mud, love, blood (b) People………………………………………………..

(a) I believe that environment should be kept in safety.

(b) All citizens………………………………………………………

Grammar Explorer 3:

 Consider the short paragraph and answer the questions that follow:
Grammar Explorer 3:
. Citizens had better know more about sustainable development.
 Consider the short paragraph and answer the questions that follow:
And they had better not waste much more energy. . Citizens had better know more about sustainable development.
And they had better not waste much more energy.
D) What does ‫״‬had better‫ ״‬express?................
 a. What does ‫״‬had better‫ ״‬express?................
b. Which of the items below can be used to express the same
idea as in the sentences above? Circle them: may, should,
must, have to, (If I were you, I would + v stem ), could,
ought to, might.
c. What is the short form (contraction) of ‫״‬had better‫? ״‬...........
In which sentence can we use it, the 1st or the 2nd? ............

Task : Rewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as

sentence (a) :
(a) I think you should stop wasting water around here.
(b) You………………………………………………………..….
(a) We ought not to neglect to take the necessary measures to conserve
energy
(b) We……………………………………….. ………………………….
(a) We should all protect our nature from pollution.
(b) If………………………………..……………………………………..
(a) Governments should give a helping hand to the "shadow areas".
(b) Governments……………………….……………………………. ……..

(a) You shouldn’t abandon orphans alone .

(b) If…………………………………………………………………

(a) People are highly advised to use renewable energies.

(b) People………………………………………………..

(a) I believe that environment should be kept in safety.

(b) All citizens………………………………………………………

Working With Words:

1. Read the dictionary entry below and put the following keys
in the right boxes:

Working With Words:

1. Read the dictionary entry below and put the following keys
in the right boxes:
Listening and Speaking :
Before Listening:
Look at the picture and say what it represents (fill in the
short text):

The picture represents…………..important processes performed by all

…………………. They are……………………..and………………….. The
former is performed during…………………while the latter is performed
at………………..
As You Listen:
1. Listen to the audio-script and fill in the diagram below :
Listening and Speaking :
Before Listening:
Look at the picture and say what it represents (fill in the
short text):

2. Listen to the script again and fill in the sentences

below:
a. Carbon dioxide………………………………….from the air.
b. Water……………………………………………….from the soil.
The picture represents…………..important processes performed by all
c. Sunlight energy…………………………………by Chlorophyll.
…………………. They are……………………..and………………….. The
d. Oxygen…………………………………………….by the plant.
former is performed during…………………while the latter is performed
e. Sugar………………………………………….during photosynthesis
at………………..
As You Listen:
1. Listen to the audio-script and fill in the diagram below :
After Listening:

1. Fill in the blanks in the text below to describe the

process of photosynthesis:
The …………………………………., that occurs mainly within the
leaves, is a …………. process. The solar energy ………………………..
chemical energy. Carbon dioxide …………………………… the air, water
……………………….. the soil and the sunlight ……………………………
by chlorophyll. The oxygen ………………………… plants. During this by chlorophyll. The oxygen ………………………… plants. During this
process, sugar, or food, …………………….. process, sugar, or food, ……………………..

2. Refer to the ‘Before-Listening’ picture and talk about 2. Refer to the ‘Before-Listening’ picture and talk about
the process of respiration in plants at night: the process of respiration in plants at night:

Your Turn:
2. Listen to the script again and fill in the sentences
Rewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as (a).
below:
a. Carbon dioxide………………………………….from the air.
Then read them aloud paying attention to the
pronunciation of the modals:
b. Water……………………………………………….from the soil.
c. Sunlight energy…………………………………by Chlorophyll. 1. (a) We mustn’t hunt animals in danger of extinction.
d. Oxygen…………………………………………….by the plant. (b) Animals in danger of extinction………………………………….
e. Sugar………………………………………….during photosynthesis
2. a . We shouldn’t throw recyclable objects.
b. Recyclable objects…….………………………………………

After Listening:
3. (a) Deforestation should be stopped immediately.
1. Fill in the blanks in the text below to describe the (b) We……………………………………………..
process of photosynthesis:
The …………………………………., that occurs mainly within the
3. a .Pollution can be divided into four types.
leaves, is a …………. process. The solar energy ………………………..
b.We………………………. ………………..
chemical energy. Carbon dioxide …………………………… the air, water
……………………….. the soil and the sunlight ……………………………
 5. (a) We may group alternative energies in five categories : wind, solar,
biomass and hydro-electric. 5. (a) We may group alternative energies in five categories : wind, solar,
(b) Alternative energies……………….. …………………………….. biomass and hydro-electric.
6 .a. Our human resources must be protected. (b) Alternative energies……………….. ……………………………..
b. We………………………. ……………….. 6 .a. Our human resources must be protected.
7. a. Poverty could be eradicated from the world. b.We………………………. ……………………….………………..
b. Governments…………………………………………………….
7. a. Poverty could be eradicated from the world.
b. Governments…………………………………………………….
8. a. Human resources should be kept in a safe way.
b. The authorities………………………………………………………
8. a. Human resources should be kept in a safe way.
9. a. scientists have to bring efficient methods to face hunger.
b. The authorities………………………………………………………
b. Efficient methods……………………………………..
9. a. scientists have to bring efficient methods to face hunger.
b. Efficient methods……………………………………..

Your Turn:
Rewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as (a). Write it Up:
Then read them aloud paying attention to the Use the notes below to write a presentation of the solar
pronunciation of the modals: home in the picture (p 68):
1. (a) We mustn’t hunt animals in danger of extinction.
Remedial work:
(b) Animals in danger of extinction…………………………………. 1. Using the notes below, write correct and meaningful
sentences :
a. During winter / outside air / capture / warm / glass roof panels
2.a . We shouldn’t throw recyclable objects.
b. This warm air / force down / into a water tank / an air handling unit
b. Recyclable objects…….……………………………………… c. The water in the tank / heat / greater quantities of warm air / release
d. The hot air / then / send down a duct / in under-floor area
3. (a) Deforestation should be stopped immediately. e. Warm air / rise / through floor to the living space
(b) We…………………………………………….. f. Some of the heated air / absorb / concrete slab
g. It / release / night
h. The process / reverse / during summer
4.a .Pollution can be divided into four types.
b.We………………………. ………………..
2. Using the sentences above, fill in the text below so that it h. The process / reverse / during summer
makes sense:
2. Using the sentences above, fill in the text below so that it
Ladies and gentlemen, this is our new type of solar home. It is better makes sense:

than other homes because it is environmentally friendly. It is totally

Ladies and gentlemen, this is our new type of solar home. It is better
operated by solar energy.
than other homes because it is environmentally friendly. It is totally
During winter, outside air………………………..by warm glass roof
operated by solar energy.
panels. ………….., warm air………………….……into a water tank by
During winter, outside air………………………..by warm glass roof
an air handling unit. ……………., the water in the tank …………… and
panels. ………….., warm air………………….……into a water tank by
greater quantities of warm air ………………. The hot air is then sent
an air handling unit. ……………., the water in the tank …………… and
down a duct to the crawlspace in under-floor area. ………………., warm
greater quantities of warm air ………………. The hot air is then sent
water rises through floor registers to the living space. Some of the heated
down a duct to the crawlspace in under-floor area. ………………., warm
air………………..………by concrete slabs. It…………………..at night.
water rises through floor registers to the living space. Some of the heated
This process……………...during summer.
air………………..………by concrete slabs. It…………………..at night.
This process……………...during summer.

Write it Up:
Use the notes below to write a presentation of the solar
home in the picture (p 68): Reading and Writing :
Before Reading:
Remedial work: Look at the pictures below and choose the best answer :
1. Using the notes below, write correct and meaningful
sentences :
a. During winter / outside air / capture / warm / glass roof panels
b. This warm air / force down / into a water tank / an air handling unit
c. The water in the tank / heat / greater quantities of warm air / release
d. The hot air / then / send down a duct / in under-floor area
e. Warm air / rise / through floor to the living space
f. Some of the heated air / absorb / concrete slab
g. It / release / night
(1)
 (2) (3) (2) (3)
A) The ear in picture (2) is………………………. A) The ear in picture (2) is……………………….
a) shown through a broken window a) shown through a broken window
b) assaulted by noise b) assaulted by noise
c) aching c) aching
B) The ear in picture (3) is wearing……………………. B) The ear in picture (3) is wearing…………………….
a) a phone device a) a phone device
b) an MP3 b) an MP3
c) a hearing aid c) a hearing aid
C) Picture (1) represents………………………….. C) Picture (1) represents…………………………..
a) ear diseases a) ear diseases
b) the different functions of ears b) the different functions of ears
c) noise pollution c) noise pollution

Reading and Writing :

Before Reading: While Reading:
Look at the pictures below and choose the best answer: 1. Read the article and choose the appropriate title :
a. Another Kind of Pollution
b. Pollution
c. Air Pollution
d. Hearing Problems

2. Read the article and fill in the chart below :

What ? Effects / consequences
………………………………………………………………
……………… ………………
(1) ……
 ……………………………………………………………… ……………… ………………
……
……………… ………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………… ………………
……………… ………………………………………………………………
………………
3. Read the article again and answer the questions below :
a. What is the main cause of sleeplessness and irritability ?
3. Read the article again and answer the questions below :
b. What does noise cause in the field of industry ?
a. What is the main cause of sleeplessness and irritability ?
c. Is noise pollution dangerous ? Justify
b. What does noise cause in the field of industry ?
c. Is noise pollution dangerous ? Justify
4. What/who do the words below refer to in the text ?
it:………………………… which: …………………..…
4. What/who do the words below refer to in the text ?
those: …………………… they: …………………….. it:………………………… which: …………………..…
that: ………………………. those: …………………… they: ……………………..
that: ……………………….
5. Find in the text words that are closest in meanings to the
followings : 5. Find in the text words that are closest in meanings to the
the condition of someone who is easily made angry = ………………… followings :
is confirmed = ………………… the condition of someone who is easily made angry = …………………
related to the brain/mind = ………………… is confirmed = …………………
related to the brain/mind = …………………

While Reading:
1. Read the article and choose the appropriate title :
a. Another Kind of Pollution
b. Pollution Topic sentence
c. Air Pollution
d. Hearing Problems Supporting sentences

2. Read the article and fill in the chart below:

What ? Effects / consequences
………………………………………………………………
Transitional sentence
Transitional sentence
Supporting sentences
Supporting sentences

Concluding sentence For a long time, noise has been known to cause
sleeplessness Concluding
and irritability.
sentenceNow other studies are
linking it to a wide range of mental and physical
disturbances. In Los Angeles, researchers have found that
people living near the airport have a higher rate of mental
illness than people living eight kilometres away. In
industry, a link has been established between high noise
levels and the high number of cardiovascular disease and
stress-related problems. The effect of noise on people is
borne out by experiments on rats, which show that those
exposed to certain high frequency sounds had up to 20
times the normal amount of adrenaline in their blood. In
the opinion of many hearing specialists, time is running
6. Have a look at the diagram (layout of a well-written
paragraph)out. If urban
above and noise
dividecontinues
the texttobelow
increase
intoatthe
thedifferent
present
Topic sentence elements :rate, in 20 years our cities will be twice as loud as they
sentence
Topic

are now. The number of mental diseases will be

Supporting sentences
multiplied by two or three and that of physical illness by
three or four. This health alert against the dangers of
noise pollution is seriously taken by the American public
authorities.
 Supporting

Supporting
sentences

sentences
Transitional
sentence

Transitional
sentence
For a long time, noise has been known to cause
sleeplessness and irritability. Now other studies are
linking it to a wide range of mental and physical
Supporting
sentences

Supporting
disturbances. In Los Angeles, researchers have found that

sentences
people living near the airport have a higher rate of mental
illness than people living eight kilometres away. In
industry, a link has been established between high noise
Concluding
sentence

Concluding
levels and the high number of cardiovascular disease and

sentence
stress-related problems. The effect of noise on people is
borne out by experiments on rats, which show that those
exposed to certain high frequency sounds had up to 20
times the normal amount of adrenaline in their blood. In
the opinion of many hearing specialists, time is running
6. Have a look at the diagram (layout of a well-written
paragraph)out. If urban
above and noise
dividecontinues
the texttobelow
increase
intoatthe
thedifferent
present
elements :rate, in 20 years our cities will be twice as loud as they
sentence
Topic

are now. The number of mental diseases will be Write it Out:

1. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form:
multiplied by two or three and that of physical illness by a. Throughout the world, deserts (create)……………….. because pastures
three or four. This health alert against the dangers of near arid lands heavily (graze)……………… and (trample)……………..
noise pollution is seriously taken by the American public b. Around towns, adjacent forest belts (denude)……………….by people in
authorities.
 their search for firewood. their search for firewood.
c. More productive plants (introduce)…………………..into semi-arid lands. c. More productive plants (introduce)…………………..into semi-arid lands.
As a result, indigenous plants necessary for the maintenance of the soil As a result, indigenous plants necessary for the maintenance of the soil
(nudge)…………………out. (nudge)…………………out.
d. Many people think that desertification (cause)…………………..only by a d. Many people think that desertification (cause)…………………..only by a
change in climate, but the truth is that deserts (provoke)………………. by change in climate, but the truth is that deserts (provoke)………………. by
human actions. human actions. ………………………………………………………
e. Because of intensive production of cash crops like cotton and groundnuts, e. Because……………………………………………………………
of intensive production of cash crops like cotton and groundnuts,
soil nutrients (dissipate)………………..and the topsoil (erode)…………… soil nutrients (dissipate) ……………….. and the topsoil (erode).……………
……………………………………………………………
by wind and water. by wind and water.
……………………………………………………………
f. A long time ago, history (make)………………..in the deserts. f. A long time ago, history (make)………………..in the deserts.
……………………………………………………………
g. Today, about 140 million people (threaten)………………….by the spread g. Today, about 140 million people (threaten)………………….by the spread
……………………………………………………………
of the desert caused through the interaction of climatic fluctuations and man’s of the desert caused through the interaction of climatic fluctuations and man’s
……………………………………………………………
abuse of his environment. abuse of his environment.
……………………………………………………………
h. Desertification (must / stop)….…………………now; otherwise deserts h. Desertification (must / stop) ….………………… now; otherwise deserts
(transform)………………….into a curse for man soon. (transform)……………………………………………………………
………………….into a curse for man soon.
i. These civilizations (build)……………………in deserts because people ……………………………………………………………
i. These civilizations (build)……………………in deserts because people
knew how to live in harmony with nature. ……………………………………………………………
knew how to live in harmony with nature.
j. At least two great civilizations (establish)…………………….. j. At least ……………………………………………………………
two great civilizations (establish)……………………..
……………………………………………………………
2. The sentences (a-J) are scrambled. Re-order them into a 2. The sentences (a-J) are scrambled. Re-order them into a
coherent newspaper article about desertification : ……………………………………………………………
coherent newspaper article about desertification :
……………………………………………………………
Write it Out:
1. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form: ……………………………………………………………
sentence
Topic

a. Throughout the world, deserts (create)……………….. because pastures ……………………………………………………………

near arid lands heavily (graze)……………… and (trample)…………….. ……………………………………………………………
b. Around towns, adjacent forest belts (denude)……………….by people in ……………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………….
Supporting

Supporting
sentences

sentences
Transitional

Transitional
………………………………………………………
sentence

sentence
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
Supporting

Supporting
sentences

sentences
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
Concluding

Concluding
……………………………………………………………
sentence

sentence
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
sentence
Topic

……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………….