CONSTRUCTORS
* A “CONSTRUCTOR” is a special member-function of a class which has the
same name as the class.
* Constructors are used to initialize the data-members of the class with legal
values when an object of the class is created.
* Constructors do not have an explicit return-type; not even “void”.
Ex:
class Num void disp( )
{ {
int a, b, R ; System.out.println("a = " + a) ;
System.out.println("b = " + b) ;
// Default Constructor System.out.println("Result = " + R) ;
Num( ) }
{
a=b=R=0; public static void main(String
} args[ ])
{
// Parameterized Constructor Num ob1 = new Num(11, 25) ;
Num(int v1, int v2) Num ob2 = new Num( ) ;
{
a = v1 ; ob1.cal( ) ;
b = v2 ; ob2.cal( ) ;
R=0;
} System.out.println("1st Object :- ") ;
ob1.disp( ) ;
void cal( )
{ System.out.println("2nd Object :-
R = (a + b) * (b – a) ; ") ;
} ob2.disp( ) ;
}}
Num ob1 = new Num(11, 25) ;
Num ob2 = new Num( ) ;
Or
Num ob1 = new Num(11, 25), ob2 = new Num( ) ;
class School
{
int x, y, R ;
// Default Constructor
Num( )
{
x=y=1;
R=0;
}
// Parameterized Constructor
Num(int v)
{
x=v;
y=1;
R=0;
}
// Parameterized Constructor
Num(int v1, int v2)
{
x = v1 ;
y = v2 ;
R=0;
}
void cal( )
{
R = (x * x * x) – (y * y) ;
}
void disp( )
{
System.out.println("x = " + x) ;
System.out.println("y = " + y) ;
System.out.println("Result = " + R) ;
}
public static void main(String args[ ])
{
School ob1 = new School(5) ;
School ob2 = new School( ) ;
School ob3 = new School(7, 3) ;
ob1.cal( ) ;
ob2.cal( ) ;
ob3.cal( ) ;
System.out.println("1st Object :- ") ;
ob1.disp( ) ;
System.out.println("2nd Object :- ") ;
ob2.disp( ) ;
System.out.println("3rd Object :- ") ;
ob3.disp( ) ;
}}
Types of Constructors
i> Default Constructors : A Default Constructor is a constructor which does
not have any arguments.
It is used to initialize the data-members of the class with fixed, pre-
determined values during object creation.
Default Constructors are also referred-to as zero-argument
constructors.
ii> Parameterized Constructors : A Parameterized Constructor is a
constructor which has one or more arguments.
It is used to initialize the data-members of a class with user-supplied
values during object creation.
Special Features of Constructors
i> A constructor has the same name as it’s class.
ii> Constructors do not have an explicit return-type; not even “void”.
iii> The implicit return-type of a constructor is an object of it’s class.
iv> Constructors can be overloaded.
v> A constructor is automatically invoked by the JVM whenever an object of
the class is created.
vi> If no constructors have been defined for a class then Java automatically
provides a default constructor for that class.
