A

Project Report on

FACE MASK DETECTION USING PYTHON

Submitted for partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

in
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted by

MOHAMMAD AKHTAR (1843110041)

UDIT TIWARI (1843110076)
HARSH TRIPATHI (1843113012)

Under the guidance of

<Project-Guide-Name>
(<Designation>)

B.N. College of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow

Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh

May 2022

1
 DECLARATION

We Students of Computer Science and Engineering, BN College of Engineering

and Technology, Lucknow declare that our work entitled “Disposable Website”
has been successfully completed under the guidance of Mr. Mithilesh Kumar
Yadav, Computer Science Department, BN College of Engineering and
Technology, Lucknow. The dissertation work is submitted in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in
Computer Science and Engineering during the academic year 2022-2023.
Further the matter embodied in the project report has not been submitted
previously by anybody for the award of any degree of B.Tech to any University.

Team Members:

Mansha Tiwari (1904310100039) …………………………

Utkarsh Arora (1904310100089) …………… ……………

ii
 CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

This is to certify that the project entitled “DISPOSABLE WEBSITE” has

been carried out by Mansha Tiwari, Utkarsh Arora under my supervision in
partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Technology (B.TECH) in
Computer Science & Engineering of B.N. College of Engineering and
Technology under AKTU University during the academic year 2022-23.

It is understood that by this approval the undersigned do not necessarily endorse

any of the statements made or opinions expressed therein but approve it only for
the purpose for which it is submitted.

Submitted By:
Team Members: University Roll No:
Mansha Tiwari 1904310100039
Utkarsh Arora 1904310100089

Mithilesh kr. Singh Yadav Mithilesh Kr. Singh

Yadav (Project Guide) Head, CSE Dept

Department of CSE

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and deep regards to
our project guide Mr. Mithilesh Kr. Singh Yadav for his exemplary guidance,
monitoring, and constant encouragement throughout the course of this thesis.
The blessing, help, and guidance given by him from time to time shall carry us a
long way in the journey of life on which we are about to embark.

Team Members:

Mansha Tiwari (1904310100039) …………………………

Utkarsh Arora (1904310100089) …………………………

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLERATION ii
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
ABSTRACT viii
CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION 9
1.1 Background 9
1.2 Problem Statement 10
1.3 Objectives 13
1.4 Significance of the Project 13
1.5 Scope of Project 14
CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW 17
2.1 Overview of Website Building Platforms 17
2.2 No-Code Development and Drag-and-Drop Functionality 18
2.3 MERN Stack Technology 20
2.4 Responsive and Adaptive Web Design 22
2.5 Progressive Web App (PWA) Support 23
2.6 User Experience and Usability in Website Building 25
2.7 Related Work and Existing Solutions 26
CHAPTER 3 – METHODOLOGY 29
3.1 Project Approach 29
3.2 Feasibility Study 31
3.3 Requirement Analysis 32
3.4 Planning and Design 34
3.5 Development and Testing 35
3.6 User Experience and Usability 37
3.7 Deployment and Maintenance 39
3.8 Evaluation and Validation 40
3.9 Ethical Considerations 42
3.10 Project Timeline and Deliverables 43
3.11 Gantt Chart 45
CHAPTER 4 – SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS 46
4.1 System Architecture 47
4.1.1 Client-Side Components 47
4.1.2 Server-Side Components 48
4.1.3 Deployment Environment 48
4.2 Functional and Non-functional Requirements 49
4.2.1 Functional Requirements 49
4.2.2 Non-functional Requirements 50
4.3 High-Level System Architecture 51
4.3.1 Presentation Layer 51
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 4.3.2 Application Layer 52
4.3.3 Data Layer 52
4.3.4 Integration Layer 52
4.4 Component Descriptions 53
4.4.1 User Management 53
4.4.2 Template Management 53
4.4.3 Webpage Builder 54
4.4.4 Payment Gateway Integration 54
4.4.5 AI Chatbot 55
4.5 Use Case 59
4.5.1 Use Case Diagram 59
4.5.2 Use Case Descriptions 60

CHAPTER 5 – SOFTWARE DESIGN 46

5.1 Database Design 55
Database
5 Design Considerations 56

Entities
5 and Relationships 56

Database
5 Schema and Tables 57

5.2 Class Diagram 73

5.3 User Interface Design 77
5.4 Security Considerations 78
5.5 Scalability and Performance 80
CHAPTER 6 – IMPLEMENTATION AND DEVELOPMENT 82
6.1 Technology Stack 82
6.2 Front-end Development 83
6.3 Back-end Development 84
6.4 Other Tools and Technologies 86
6.5 Component Functionalities 87
6.6 Database Management 89
6.7 API Development 90
6.8 Progressive Web App (PWA) 92
6.9 Deployment and Hosting 93
6.10 Integration and Testing 94
6.10.1 Integration 94
6.10.2 Testing 95
6.11Challenges and Solutions 96
6.12Screenshots and User Interface Examples

CHAPTER 7 – CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS 99

7.1 Conclusion 99
7.2 Future Enhancements 100
REFERENCES 102
APPENDICES 102
8.1 User Manuals 104
8.1 Overview 104
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8.2 Purpose 104
8.3 Benefits 104

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1.4 Getting Started
1.4.1 Registration Process
1.4.2 Logging In to the Website
1.4.3 Dashboard Overview
1.4.4 Building a Webpage
1.4.5 Managing Webpages
1.4.6 Contacting Support
1.4.7 Account Settings

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 ABSTRACT

Web-X is a cutting-edge no-code platform designed to revolutionize website creation. With its
user-friendly interface and powerful features, it enables users to build temporary websites
without any coding knowledge. Leveraging the MERN stack technology and the versatile
GrapesJS library, Web-X empowers users to effortlessly construct professional webpages.
The project's primary objective is to address the needs of small enterprises and individuals who
require a swift and cost-effective solution for establishing an online presence. Traditional
website development methods often require coding expertise, which many users lack. Web-X
eliminates this barrier by providing a no-code platform that allows users to create, preview,
and publish websites.
The concept of disposable websites sets Web-X apart from other platforms. Users can easily
adapt to changing requirements and seasonal promotions without the burden of continuous
hosting and maintenance expenses. This flexibility caters to small enterprises and individuals
who need short-term webpages or want to experiment with different designs.
The user journey begins with a user-friendly home page featuring a login button. Users can either
register themselves or log in through their Google accounts. Once logged in, they gain access
to the intuitive builder page, where they can create webpages from scratch or utilize pre-
designed templates using the drag-and-drop functionality provided by GrapesJS. This
streamlines the website-building process and enables users to customize their websites with
ease.
To make their webpages live, users can purchase a plan that suits their needs. This ensures the
website remains active for a specified duration, providing users with a temporary online
presence. Furthermore, users can contact the design team for assistance and guidance,
enhancing their website-building experience.
Administrators have comprehensive control over user management within the platform. They can
view, delete, or block user accounts, ensuring a safe and secure environment. Additionally,
administrators efficiently handle user queries, providing timely responses and support. The
integration of an AI chatbot enhances user engagement by offering automated assistance and
real-time problem-solving through live chat functionality.
This project report presents an in-depth exploration of the system architecture, highlighting the
integration of the MERN stack components and the implementation of the GrapesJS library.
Detailed insights into the user interface, functionalities, testing methodologies, and user
instructions are provided to ensure a user-friendly and robust platform.
In conclusion, Web-X empowers individuals and small enterprises by offering a no-code
platform for creating temporary websites. It revolutionizes website development, providing a
cost-effective and flexible solution for users to establish and adapt their online presence with
ease.

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 CHAPTER- 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
In today's digital era, having a strong online presence is vital for businesses and
individuals. The internet serves as a platform for showcasing products, services, and ideas to
a global audience. A well-designed website can act as a powerful marketing tool, helping
businesses reach their target audience and establish credibility. Similarly, individuals often
use personal websites to showcase their portfolios, share their expertise, or connect with
others in their field.

However, creating and maintaining a website traditionally required coding knowledge or the
financial resources to hire a professional developer. This posed a significant barrier,
particularly for small enterprises and individuals with limited budgets or without technical
expertise. Developing a website from scratch can be time-consuming, costly, and
intimidating, leading many to abandon the idea altogether.

Recognizing these challenges, the Web-X project aims to provide a comprehensive solution
by offering a no-code platform for building temporary websites. This innovative approach
allows users to create webpages without the need for coding knowledge, enabling even
individuals with limited technical skills to establish an online presence quickly and
affordably.

By implementing drag-and-drop functionality through the GrapesJS library, Web-X

simplifies the webpage creation process. Users can effortlessly assemble their websites by
selecting and placing pre-designed components, eliminating the need for complex coding.
The intuitive interface ensures a user-friendly experience, making website development
accessible to a wider audience.

Additionally, GrapesJS includes a custom code component, which allows users to add custom
HTML, CSS, or JavaScript code to their webpages. This feature provides users with deeper
customization options, enabling them to incorporate unique design elements or advanced
functionality into their websites. Users can leverage the power of custom code to achieve a
more tailored and personalized website experience.
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To facilitate future reference and collaboration, Web-X also enables users to generate HTML
and CSS code for the webpages they create. This feature allows users to obtain the underlying
code representation of their websites, providing a valuable resource for further customization
or sharing with developers. By allowing users to access and understand the generated code,
Web-X promotes transparency and encourages users to explore and expand their coding skills
if desired.

The disposable nature of the websites built with Web-X also addresses the limitations of
long- term commitments. Users have the flexibility to create websites for short-term
purposes, such as promotional campaigns, events, or experiments, without the burden of
ongoing hosting and maintenance costs. This empowers small enterprises and individuals to
adapt their online presence to changing needs and market dynamics, reducing financial risks
and resource constraints.

Furthermore, Web-X aims to provide a communication channel for users to connect with the
design team. This ensures that users can seek assistance, customization, and expert guidance
during the website development process. By bridging the gap between technical expertise and
user requirements, Web-X facilitates a seamless collaboration between users and designers,
resulting in tailored and visually appealing websites.

Overall, the Web-X project revolutionizes website creation by offering a no-code platform
specifically designed for building temporary websites. By removing barriers such as coding
knowledge and long-term commitments, Web-X empowers small enterprises and individuals
with limited resources to establish a professional online presence quickly and affordably.
Through its innovative features, including the custom code component and code generation,
Web-X provides users with deeper customization options and the ability to collaborate
effectively with designers and developers.

1.2 Problem Statement

The problem statement for the Web-X project can be summarized as follows:
Small enterprises and individuals face significant challenges when it comes to website
development due to limited technical expertise, cost and resource constraints, long-term
commitments, and customization limitations. These challenges include:

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  Lack of Coding Knowledge:
Many small enterprises and individuals lack the technical expertise or coding knowledge
required to build a website from scratch. Traditional website development methods often
involve writing complex code, which can be overwhelming and time-consuming for non-
technical users. This creates a barrier for individuals and businesses looking to establish an
online presence without the need for coding skills.

 Cost and Resource Constraints:

Hiring professional web developers or agencies to build and maintain a website can be
expensive, especially for small enterprises with limited budgets. Additionally, these
businesses may not have the resources to allocate dedicated personnel to handle ongoing
website maintenance and updates. As a result, they face financial constraints and resource
limitations that hinder their ability to establish and maintain an impactful online presence.

 Uncertainty about Future Viability:

Startups and small enterprises face uncertainties regarding the future success and continuity
of their ventures. They may not be confident about the long-term viability of their business or
the need for a permanent website. Investing in a fully functional website with ongoing
hosting and maintenance costs can be risky if the business does not perform as expected or
undergoes frequent changes in direction.

 Long-Term Commitments:

Traditional website development often involves long-term commitments to hosting and

maintenance services. This can be problematic for small enterprises and individuals who
require short-term webpages, such as those related to seasonal promotions, events, or
experimental projects. Being tied to long-term commitments leads to unnecessary expenses
and limits the agility and adaptability of their online presence.

 Customization Limitations:

Many website development platforms and services offer limited customization options,
restricting users from fully expressing their brand identity or incorporating unique
functionalities. This lack of flexibility hampers creativity and innovation, preventing small
enterprises and individuals from differentiating themselves in a competitive online landscape.

3
  Demand for Temporary Webpages:
There is an increasing demand for temporary webpages, especially for seasonal businesses,
short-term events, and experimental projects. These entities require a flexible solution that
allows them to quickly create webpages, customize content, and dispose of them after a
specific period. However, existing website development platforms often lack the flexibility
and affordability to cater to these temporary webpage needs.

The Web-X project aims to address these challenges by providing a no-code

platform that empowers users to create temporary websites without the need for coding
knowledge or technical expertise. The platform offers an intuitive user interface and
implements the drag-and-drop functionality using the GrapesJS library, enabling users to
easily assemble webpages by selecting and arranging pre-designed components.

The disposable website concept offered by Web-X allows users to adapt their online presence
based on their specific needs. They can dispose of their webpages after a certain period or
extend their websites by purchasing suitable plans. This flexibility caters to the requirements
of small enterprises and individuals who need temporary webpages for short-term projects or
seasonal businesses, eliminating the need for continuous hosting and maintenance expenses.

To enhance the user experience, Web-X supports progressive web app (PWA) technology,
enabling users to provide an app-like experience to their website visitors, including offline
functionality. Additionally, the platform integrates an AI chatbot that offers automated
assistance and real-time problem-solving through live chat, improving user engagement and
support.

One notable feature of Web-X is the provision of a custom code component, allowing users
to add their own HTML and CSS code for deeper customization. This feature enables users
with coding knowledge to enhance the functionality and appearance of their websites while
also generating HTML/CSS code for future reference or external use.

By addressing the problem statement, Web-X aims to democratize website development,

making it accessible and affordable for small enterprises and individuals. The platform
empowers them to establish a professional online presence, experiment with different
designs, and adapt their websites based on changing needs, all without requiring extensive
coding knowledge or significant resources.

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1.3 Objectives
The objectives of this project are as follows:
 Develop a no-code platform, Web-X, that allows users to create websites without the
need for coding knowledge or expertise.
 Implement a user-friendly drag-and-drop interface using the GrapesJS library to
facilitate easy customization and layout creation.
 Provide a wide range of pre-designed templates and components to enable users to
quickly and efficiently build professional-looking websites.
 Incorporate responsive design principles to ensure that websites created on Web-X are
compatible and optimized for different devices, including desktops, tablets, and
mobile phones.
 Enable users to preview and edit their websites in real-time, allowing for instant
visual feedback and customization.
 Offer flexible hosting plans that allow users to choose the duration and availability of
their websites, providing cost-effective options for temporary or seasonal online
presence.
 Implement Progressive Web App (PWA) support to enhance user experience,
allowing websites created on Web-X to be installed and accessed like native mobile
apps.
 Integrate an AI chatbot to provide automated assistance and support, addressing
common queries and helping users throughout the website creation process.
 Develop an admin dashboard to manage user accounts, track website analytics, and
handle customer inquiries and support.
 Conduct thorough testing and quality assurance processes to ensure the reliability,
performance, and security of the Web-X platform.

1.4 Significance of Project

The objectives of this project are as follows:

 Addressing a Need: Explain how your project addresses a specific need or problem
in the domain of website creation. For example, the Web-X platform provides a no-
code solution for small enterprises and individuals who lack coding knowledge or
resources to create and maintain a website.

5
  Cost-Effectiveness: Highlight the cost-effectiveness of the disposable website
concept. Traditional website development can be expensive and time-consuming,
especially for businesses with limited budgets. Web-X offers an affordable alternative
that allows users to create and dispose of websites as needed without incurring
continuous hosting and maintenance costs.
 Accessibility and Ease of Use: Emphasize the accessibility and user-friendly nature
of the Web-X platform. By enabling users to build websites through a drag-and-drop
interface and offering pre-designed templates, the project aims to democratize website
creation, making it accessible to a wider audience.
 Flexibility and Adaptability: Discuss how the disposable website concept provides
flexibility and adaptability for users. The ability to easily modify and extend
webpages, purchase plans for longer durations, and dispose of websites when no
longer needed caters to the evolving needs of businesses and individuals.
 Time Efficiency: Highlight the time-saving aspect of the project. Web-X enables
users to quickly create professional-looking websites without the need for coding
knowledge, reducing the time and effort required for website development.
 Empowering Small Enterprises: Explain how the project empowers small
enterprises and individuals by providing them with the tools and resources to establish
an online presence. It allows them to experiment with website creation, evaluate the
success of their online ventures, and make informed decisions about future
investments.
 Scalability and Growth Potential: Discuss the scalability and growth potential of
the project. As more users adopt the Web-X platform, it has the potential to evolve
and expand its features, templates, and offerings to cater to a wider range of users and
business requirements.

1.5 Scope of the Project:

The scope of this project encompasses the development of a disposable website platform called
Web-X, which aims to provide users with a no-code solution for creating temporary websites.
The project will focus on the following key areas:

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Website Building Features:

 Implement a drag-and-drop functionality using the GrapesJS library to allow users to

easily build webpages without any coding knowledge.
 Provide a wide range of pre-designed templates for users to choose from and
customize according to their needs.
 Enable users to preview their webpages before publishing them to ensure they meet
their requirements.

Responsive and Adaptive Webpages:

 Develop webpages that are responsive and adaptive, ensuring optimal display and
functionality across different devices and screen sizes.
 Implement responsive design techniques and technologies to ensure the webpages
adjust seamlessly to various devices.

MERN Stack Technology:

 Utilize the MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js) stack technology to

develop the Web-X platform.
 Leverage the strengths of each component to create a robust and scalable system for
website creation and management.

Disposable Website Functionality:

 Enable users to dispose of their webpages after a specific time period, providing them
with the flexibility to adapt to changing needs and requirements.
 Implement mechanisms to allow users to extend the lifespan of their webpages by
purchasing suitable plans.

User Management:

 Implement user registration and authentication functionalities to ensure secure access

to the platform.
 Allow users to update their passwords, manage their profiles, and delete their
accounts if desired.

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 Communication and Support:

 Provide users with a communication channel to contact the design team for assistance
and guidance.
 Enable users to submit queries and receive timely responses to their inquiries.
Integrate an AI chatbot to facilitate automated problem-solving and enhance user
engagement.

Admin Dashboard:

 Develop an admin dashboard that allows administrators to manage user accounts,

including deleting or blocking users when necessary.
 Provide admin tools to manage user queries, respond to user inquiries, and handle
feedback.
 Enable administrators to add new templates, view pricing data, and perform
necessary administrative tasks.

The scope of the project is to deliver a functional and user-friendly disposable website platform
that empowers users to create, customize, and publish webpages without the need for coding
knowledge. The focus is on providing a seamless user experience, responsive web design,
and efficient user management, while leveraging the MERN stack technology and
incorporating additional features such as AI chatbot support.

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 CHAPTER- 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Overview of Website Building Platforms

Website building platforms have transformed the way websites are created and
managed, offering a convenient and accessible solution for individuals and businesses to
establish their online presence. These platforms provide a range of features and
functionalities that simplify the website development process, enabling users to build and
customize their webpages without the need for extensive coding knowledge.

In the context of the Disposable Website project, understanding the landscape of website
building platforms is crucial. These platforms serve as the foundation for the no-code solution
being developed, offering insights into the features, usability, and benefits that users expect.

Popular website builders such as Wix, WordPress, Squarespace, and Shopify have gained
prominence in the market. They provide a user-friendly interface, allowing users to choose
from a variety of templates and easily customize them according to their requirements. These
platforms cater to different types of users, whether it's bloggers, e-commerce businesses, or
small enterprises, providing tailored solutions to meet their specific needs.

By leveraging the drag-and-drop functionality, users can effortlessly design and arrange
webpage elements, making website creation accessible to individuals with limited technical
skills. This aligns with the core objective of the Disposable Website project, which aims to
empower users to build webpages from scratch or utilize templates, without relying on coding
knowledge.

While website building platforms offer convenience and flexibility, it's important to
recognize their limitations. Customization options may be limited compared to coding-based
approaches, and advanced functionalities might require additional technical expertise or the
use of plugins and extensions. Understanding these limitations helps inform the design
decisions made for the Disposable Website platform, ensuring a balance between ease of use
and customization possibilities.

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Overall, website building platforms have revolutionized the website development landscape,
enabling individuals and businesses to establish an online presence quickly and efficiently.
The Disposable Website project builds upon the foundation laid by these platforms, offering a
no- code solution that leverages drag-and-drop functionality and responsive design principles
to empower users to create and manage their webpages easily.

By providing an overview of website building platforms in the context of the Disposable

Website project, this section establishes the significance of no-code development and
highlights the need for a user-friendly platform that caters to individuals and small businesses
seeking to build websites without coding knowledge.

2.2 No-Code Development and Drag-and-Drop Functionality

No-code development has emerged as a game-changer in the field of web

development, allowing individuals with limited or no coding knowledge to create
sophisticated and functional websites. This approach empowers users to build webpages by
simply dragging and dropping pre-built components or elements onto a canvas, eliminating
the need for manual coding.

In the context of the Disposable Website project, the incorporation of no-code development
and drag-and-drop functionality is pivotal. This approach enables users to build webpages
from scratch or utilize templates without the requirement of coding expertise, making website
creation accessible to a wider audience.

By adopting a no-code approach, the Disposable Website platform aims to democratize web
development, allowing users with diverse backgrounds and skill sets to create professional-
looking websites effortlessly. The drag-and-drop functionality further enhances the user
experience by providing an intuitive interface, enabling users to visually design their
webpages by placing and arranging components as desired.

The benefits of no-code development are numerous. Firstly, it significantly reduces the
barrier to entry for individuals and businesses who do not possess coding skills. This opens
up opportunities for entrepreneurs, small businesses, and individuals looking to establish an
online presence without the need to hire professional developers or learn complex coding
languages.

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Secondly, no-code development accelerates the website creation process. By eliminating the
coding phase, users can rapidly prototype, iterate, and refine their webpages, saving time and
resources. Changes can be made in real-time, allowing for instant visual feedback and
adjustments.

Moreover, no-code platforms often provide a library of pre-built components, templates, and
plugins, offering a wide range of design and functionality options. This empowers users to
create unique and customized webpages without having to start from scratch, further
enhancing their creativity and flexibility.

However, it's important to note that while no-code development offers ease and convenience,
there may be limitations in terms of advanced customization options or specific
functionalities that can only be achieved through custom coding. Strike a balance between
simplicity and flexibility is crucial to ensure that the Disposable Website platform meets the
diverse needs of its users.

In summary, the integration of no-code development and drag-and-drop functionality in the

Disposable Website project enables users to build websites without coding knowledge. This
approach democratizes web development, reduces time and resource requirements, and offers
a user-friendly experience. By leveraging these capabilities, the Disposable Website platform
empowers users to bring their website ideas to life efficiently and effectively.

Fig 2.2 No Code Development and drag -nd – drop functionality

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2.3 MERN Stack Technology

The MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js) stack is a popular technology

stack used for developing web applications. It is a full-stack JavaScript solution that
combines a powerful set of tools and frameworks to enable efficient and seamless
development.

In the context of the Disposable Website project, the utilization of the MERN stack brings
several advantages and benefits to the development process. Let's explore each component of
the stack:

MongoDB: MongoDB is a flexible and scalable NoSQL database that allows for the storage
and retrieval of data in a JSON-like format. It offers a document-oriented approach, making it
well-suited for handling structured and unstructured data. MongoDB's flexibility enables easy
modifications to the database schema as the project evolves, making it ideal for agile
development.

Express.js: Express.js is a lightweight and flexible web application framework for Node.js. It
simplifies the process of building robust and scalable server-side applications by providing a
set of features and middleware. Express.js offers a simple and intuitive API, allowing
developers to handle routing, middleware management, and request/response handling
efficiently.

React.js: React.js is a popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces. It follows a
component-based approach, where UI elements are divided into reusable components.
React.js offers a virtual DOM (Document Object Model) that optimizes rendering
performance, making it ideal for creating dynamic and interactive user interfaces. It enables
developers to build rich, responsive, and interactive UIs with ease.

Node.js: Node.js is a server-side JavaScript runtime environment that allows the execution of
JavaScript code outside the browser. It provides an event-driven architecture and a non-
blocking I/O model, making it highly efficient and scalable. Node.js enables the development
of server-side logic and facilitates real-time communication, making it well-suited for
building web applications with high-performance requirements.

The MERN stack offers several benefits for the Disposable Website project.
Firstly, it leverages the power of JavaScript as a single language for both client-side and
server-side development, allowing for efficient code reuse and seamless integration between
different components of the application.
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Secondly, the MERN stack provides a robust and scalable foundation for building web
applications. MongoDB's flexibility accommodates the evolving data needs of the project,
while Express.js and Node.js enable efficient server-side development and real-time
communication.

Additionally, React.js enhances the user experience by enabling the creation of dynamic and
responsive user interfaces. Its component-based approach allows for modular development,
making the codebase more manageable and maintainable.

By utilizing the MERN stack, the Disposable Website project can benefit from the rich
ecosystem of tools, libraries, and community support available for each component. It
provides a solid foundation for developing a performant, scalable, and feature-rich web
application.

In summary, the MERN stack combines MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js to
provide a comprehensive and efficient solution for web application development. Its use in
the Disposable Website project ensures seamless integration, code reusability, and scalability,
enabling the platform to deliver a robust and user-friendly experience for building and
managing webpages.

Fig 2.3 Mern Stack Technology

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2.4 Responsive and Adaptive Web Design

In today's digital landscape, the prevalence of mobile devices and varying screen
sizes necessitates the implementation of responsive and adaptive web design. Responsive
web design ensures that webpages dynamically adjust their layout and content to provide an
optimal viewing experience across different devices, such as desktops, tablets, and
smartphones.

In the context of the Disposable Website project, the integration of responsive and adaptive
design principles is crucial to ensure that the webpages created on the platform are accessible
and visually appealing on a wide range of devices. Let's explore the significance of
responsive and adaptive web design:

Responsive Web Design: Responsive web design focuses on creating flexible layouts and
fluid grid systems that adapt to different screen sizes. It uses CSS media queries to detect the
screen dimensions and applies appropriate styles to reposition and resize elements. This
ensures that the webpage content is easily readable and usable, regardless of the device being
used.

By incorporating responsive web design into the Disposable Website platform, users can be
confident that their webpages will automatically adjust to different screen sizes, providing a
consistent and optimized experience for their website visitors. Whether accessed on a laptop,
tablet, or smartphone, the webpages will adapt and display content in an aesthetically
pleasing and user-friendly manner.

Adaptive Web Design: Adaptive web design takes a different approach by creating multiple
versions of a webpage specifically tailored to different devices or screen sizes. Instead of
fluid layouts, adaptive design relies on predefined layouts designed for specific breakpoints.
When a user accesses a webpage, the appropriate layout is served based on the device's
screen size.

By implementing adaptive design principles in the Disposable Website project, users

have greater control over the visual appearance and user experience of their webpages on
different devices. They can customize and optimize the design for specific breakpoints,
ensuring that the content is presented in the most effective way possible.

Both responsive and adaptive web design are essential for delivering an optimal user
experience. They enable webpages created on the Disposable Website platform to be
accessible, visually appealing, and functional across a wide range of devices. This ensures
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that users' webpages are not limited to a specific device or screen size, expanding their reach
and accommodating the preferences of their website visitors.

15
In summary, the integration of responsive and adaptive web design principles in the
Disposable Website project is crucial to provide a seamless and user-friendly experience
across various devices. By incorporating responsive design techniques and adaptive layouts,
the platform ensures that the webpages created are visually appealing, accessible, and
functional, regardless of the screen size or device used to access them.

Fig 2.4 Responsive and Adaptive Web Design

2.5 Progressive Web App (PWA) Support

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) have gained significant traction in recent years as a
modern approach to building web applications that offer a user experience similar to native
mobile apps. PWAs combine the best features of web and mobile applications, providing
users with offline access, push notifications, and app-like interactions.

In the context of the Disposable Website project, the inclusion of PWA support enhances the
functionality and accessibility of the webpages created on the platform. Let's explore the
significance of PWA support:

Offline Access: PWAs allow users to access webpages even when they are offline or have
limited connectivity. By leveraging technologies like service workers, PWAs can cache and
store necessary assets, enabling users to continue browsing the webpages without an internet
connection. This feature is particularly valuable in situations where internet connectivity is
unreliable or when users want to access information on the go.

App-Like Experience: PWAs provide an app-like experience by leveraging features such as

home screen installation and fullscreen mode. Users can add the Disposable Website platform
or specific webpages to their home screens, allowing quick and easy access, similar to native

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apps. Additionally, PWAs can be designed to operate in fullscreen mode, eliminating browser
clutter and providing a more immersive experience.

Push Notifications: One of the key advantages of PWAs is the ability to send push
notifications to users, even when they are not actively using the Disposable Website platform.
Push notifications allow for real-time updates, engagement, and re-engagement with users.
For example, users can receive notifications about new messages, updates to their webpages,
or important announcements.

By incorporating PWA support into the Disposable Website platform, users can offer
enhanced functionality and user experiences to their website visitors. The offline access
capability ensures that users can continue interacting with webpages even without a stable
internet connection. The app-like experience and push notifications further improve user
engagement and retention.

It's important to note that implementing PWA support requires adherence to certain
guidelines and standards, such as using a secure HTTPS connection, providing a responsive
design, and implementing a service worker for caching and offline access. By following these
best practices, the Disposable Website platform can deliver a reliable and feature-rich PWA
experience to its users.

In summary, the inclusion of PWA support in the Disposable Website project enables
webpages created on the platform to offer enhanced functionality, offline access, and an app-
like experience. By leveraging technologies like service workers, home screen installation,
and push notifications, the platform enhances user engagement and provides a seamless
experience across devices, even in offline scenarios.

Fig 2.5 Progressive WebApp

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2.6 User Experience and Usability in Website Building

User experience (UX) and usability play a vital role in the success of the Disposable
Website project. As the platform aims to provide a no-code website building experience, it is
essential to prioritize user-centric design principles to ensure a seamless and intuitive user
journey. Let's explore the significance of user experience and usability in website building:

Intuitive Interface Design: The Disposable Website platform should feature an intuitive and
user-friendly interface. Clear and well-organized navigation, intuitive icons, and logical
information architecture help users easily understand the platform's functionality and find the
desired features. A visually appealing and clutter-free design enhances the overall user
experience.

Drag-and-Drop Functionality: The implementation of drag-and-drop functionality, using

tools such as the GrapesJS library, contributes to the ease of website building. Users can
easily select and move elements, components, and templates, enabling them to create and
customize webpages without the need for coding knowledge. Drag-and-drop functionality
simplifies the building process and enhances usability.

Template Selection and Customization: The Disposable Website project should provide
users with a diverse range of templates that cater to different industries and design
preferences. Templates should be easily accessible, allowing users to select a starting point
that aligns with their vision. Additionally, the platform should offer customization options,
enabling users to personalize the templates and make them unique to their brand.

Preview and Editing Capabilities: Offering real-time preview and editing capabilities
allows users to visualize their changes as they build the website. Immediate feedback
empowers users to make informed decisions, experiment with design elements, and iterate on
their webpages. Preview functionality helps users ensure that their websites look and function
as intended before publishing.

Responsive and Mobile-Friendly Design: The Disposable Website platform should

prioritize responsive and mobile-friendly design principles. Webpages created on the
platform should automatically adapt to different screen sizes and devices, providing an
optimal viewing experience. This ensures that websites built on the platform are accessible
and user-friendly across desktops, tablets, and smartphones.

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Error Prevention and Feedback: The platform should incorporate error prevention
techniques and provide meaningful feedback to users. Clear error messages, validation
checks, and real-time suggestions help users avoid mistakes and guide them towards
successful website creation. Constructive feedback assists users in understanding and
rectifying any issues during the building process.

Help and Documentation: Providing comprehensive help resources, tutorials, and

documentation assists users in understanding the platform's features and capabilities. Clear
instructions, tooltips, and contextual help throughout the platform ensure that users can easily
find answers to their questions and overcome any obstacles they encounter.

By prioritizing user experience and usability in website building, the Disposable

Website project aims to empower users, regardless of their technical expertise, to create
professional and visually appealing webpages. A user-centric approach enhances satisfaction,
engagement, and the overall success of the platform.

In summary, user experience and usability are crucial considerations in the Disposable
Website project. Intuitive interface design, drag-and-drop functionality, template selection
and customization, preview and editing capabilities, responsive design, error prevention,
feedback mechanisms, and comprehensive help resources contribute to a seamless and user-
friendly website building experience. Prioritizing user-centric design principles ensures that
users can create, customize, and publish their webpages with ease and satisfaction.

2.7 Related Work and Existing Solutions

In the Disposable Website project, it is essential to explore the existing solutions

and related work in the field of no-code website building platforms. Understanding the
landscape of similar tools and platforms helps identify the project's unique value proposition
and highlights areas for innovation and improvement. Let's delve into the related work and
existing solutions in the context of the Disposable Website project:

Website Builders: Several popular website builders, such as Wix, Weebly, and Squarespace,
provide no-code website building capabilities. These platforms offer drag-and-drop
functionality, pre-designed templates, and customization options for users to create and
publish their websites without coding knowledge. Analyzing these platforms helps identify
industry standards, feature sets, and user expectations.

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CMS-Based Platforms: Content Management Systems (CMS) like WordPress, Joomla, and
Drupal have evolved to offer user-friendly interfaces and themes for website creation. These
platforms often provide a range of plugins and extensions to enhance functionality. Exploring
CMS-based solutions provides insights into the integration of templates, content management
features, and extensibility.

Web Design Tools: Tools like Adobe Dreamweaver, Webflow, and Sketch target web
designers and developers. While they involve more technical expertise, they offer advanced
design and customization capabilities. Understanding these tools helps identify opportunities
to simplify the design process and make it accessible to users without extensive coding
skills.\

No-Code Development Platforms: No-code development platforms like Bubble, OutSystems,

and Mendix enable the creation of complex web applications without writing code. While
they go beyond website building, these platforms provide insights into visual development
approaches, data modeling, and workflow automation, which can inspire enhancements to the
Disposable Website project.

Template Marketplaces: Online marketplaces like ThemeForest and TemplateMonster offer

a vast collection of pre-designed website templates for various industries and purposes. These
marketplaces can serve as inspiration for template selection, pricing models, and potential
partnerships with template providers to expand the template library of the Disposable
Website project.

Design Collaboration Tools: Collaboration tools like Figma, InVision, and Zeplin focus on
facilitating design collaboration and prototyping. These tools enable multiple stakeholders,
including designers and clients, to collaborate on the website design process. Exploring these
tools helps identify potential features or integrations for collaborative design within the
Disposable Website platform.

Studying the related work and existing solutions in the domain of website
building platforms provides valuable insights into industry trends, user expectations, and
potential gaps in the market. It helps identify areas where the Disposable Website project can
differentiate itself, offer unique features, and address specific user needs. Additionally,
analyzing successful platforms and tools offers opportunities to learn from their best practices
and incorporate them into the Disposable Website project.

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In summary, exploring related work and existing solutions in the field of no-code website
building platforms allows the Disposable Website project to gain insights into industry
standards, user expectations, and areas for innovation. Studying website builders, CMS-based
platforms, web design tools, no-code development platforms, template marketplaces, and
design collaboration tools helps shape the project's unique value proposition and ensures that
it delivers a competitive and user-centric solution.

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 CHAPTER- 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Project Approach

The methodology employed in the Disposable Website project is crucial for its
successful implementation. It guides the development process, ensures efficient resource
utilization, and helps achieve project goals effectively. The chosen project approach provides
a structured framework for the team to follow throughout the project lifecycle. In this chapter,
we discuss the project approach adopted for the Disposable Website project.

The project approach can be described as an iterative and incremental development process,
combining elements of the Agile and Waterfall methodologies. This hybrid approach allows
for flexibility and adaptability while maintaining a systematic approach to project
management. The key components of the project approach include:

Requirements Gathering: The project initiation phase involved conducting extensive

research and gathering requirements from stakeholders, including small enterprises, seasonal
businesses, and offline businesses. The requirements were elicited through interviews,
surveys, and market analysis. This process helped in understanding the target users, their pain
points, and the features and functionalities they expected from a disposable website platform.

Planning and Design: The planning and design phase focused on translating the gathered
requirements into a comprehensive project plan. This phase involved defining the project
scope, creating a timeline, allocating resources, and identifying the technologies and tools to
be used. User interface (UI) and user experience (UX) design activities were also carried out
to ensure a visually appealing and user-friendly platform.

Technology Selection: The Disposable Website project utilizes the MERN Stack technology,
which includes MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js. This technology stack was
chosen for its flexibility, scalability, and ability to handle real-time updates efficiently. The
selection of the GrapesJS library for drag-and-drop functionality was based on its robust
features, ease of integration, and community support.

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Development and Iterative Testing: The development phase involved implementing the
chosen technologies and building the core features of the Disposable Website platform. An
iterative development approach was adopted, with regular milestones and sprint cycles. Each
sprint consisted of development, testing, and feedback loops to ensure continuous
improvement and early detection of issues.

User Feedback and Iterations: Throughout the development process, user feedback was
actively sought through usability testing, beta testing, and feedback surveys. This user-centric
approach allowed for refinements and iterations based on real user experiences. User
feedback played a vital role in shaping the features, functionality, and overall user experience
of the Disposable Website platform.

Quality Assurance and Testing: A comprehensive quality assurance (QA) and testing
strategy was implemented to ensure the reliability and functionality of the Disposable
Website platform. This included unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user
acceptance testing. Automated testing tools were used to streamline the testing process and
detect potential issues early on.

Deployment and Launch: After thorough testing and refinements, the Disposable Website
platform was deployed to a production environment. This involved setting up servers,
configuring the infrastructure, and ensuring the platform's stability and security. A soft launch
strategy was adopted to gather additional feedback from early adopters and make any
necessary adjustments before a full-scale launch.

Ongoing Maintenance and Support: Following the launch, ongoing maintenance and
support activities were undertaken to address any reported issues, provide regular updates,
and ensure the smooth operation of the Disposable Website platform. User support channels,
such as email and live chat, were established to assist users and address their queries
promptly.

By following this project approach, the Disposable Website project team aimed to
deliver a robust, user-friendly, and feature-rich platform that meets the needs of its target
users. The iterative and incremental nature of the approach allowed for flexibility in
incorporating user feedback, adapting to changing requirements, and ensuring continuous
improvement throughout the project lifecycle.

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 Fig 3.1 Methodology

3.2 FEASIBILITY STUDY

After doing the project Disposable Website, study and analyzing all the existing or required
functionalities of the system, the next task is to do the feasibility study for the project. All
projects are feasible - given unlimited resources and infinite time.

Feasibility study includes consideration of all the possible ways to provide a solution to the
given problem. The proposed solution should satisfy all the user requirements and should be
flexible enough so that future changes can be easily done based on the future upcoming
requirements.

A. Economical Feasibility

This is a very important aspect to be considered while developing a project. We decided the
technology based on minimum possible cost factor.

* All hardware and software cost has to be borne by the organization.

* Overall we have estimated that the benefits the organization is going to receive from the
proposed system will surely overcome the initial costs and the later on running cost for
system.

B. Technical Feasibility

This included the study of function, performance and constraints that may affect the ability to
achieve an acceptable system. For this feasibility study, we studied complete functionality to

24
be provided in the system, as described in the System Requirement Specification (SRS), and
checked if everything was possible using different type of frontend and backend plaform.

C. Operational Feasibility

No doubt the proposed system is fully GUI based that is very user friendly and all inputs to
be taken all self-explanatory even to a layman. Besides, a proper training has been conducted
to let know the essence of the system to the users so that they feel comfortable with new
system. As far our study is concerned the clients are comfortable and happy as the system has
cut down their loads and doing.

3.3 Requirement Analysis

Requirement analysis is a crucial phase in the development of the Disposable

Website project. It involves gathering, documenting, and analyzing the needs, expectations,
and constraints of the project stakeholders. This chapter provides an overview of the
requirement analysis process conducted for the Disposable Website platform.

Stakeholder Identification: The first step in requirement analysis was identifying the
stakeholders of the Disposable Website project. This included small enterprises, seasonal
businesses, offline businesses, and individuals who require a temporary website for various
purposes. By understanding the different stakeholder groups, their characteristics, and their
specific requirements, the project team ensured that the platform would cater to a wide range
of users.

Requirement Elicitation: Requirement elicitation techniques, such as interviews, surveys, and

market research, were employed to gather information about the needs and expectations of
the stakeholders. The project team conducted interviews with representatives from small
enterprises and offline businesses to understand their pain points, limitations, and desired
features in a disposable website platform. Surveys were also distributed to gather quantitative
data on user preferences and requirements.

Requirement Documentation: The gathered requirements were documented systematically

to ensure clarity and traceability. This documentation included functional requirements that
described the specific features and functionalities expected from the Disposable Website

25
platform. Non-functional requirements, such as performance, security, and usability criteria,
were also documented to set quality standards for the platform.

Requirement Analysis and Prioritization: The collected requirements were analyzed to

identify common patterns, conflicts, and dependencies. The project team conducted a
thorough analysis to prioritize the requirements based on their importance and feasibility.
This analysis considered factors such as stakeholder needs, market demands, technical
constraints, and project scope.

Requirement Validation: To ensure the accuracy and completeness of the requirements, a

validation process was conducted. This involved reviewing the requirements with
stakeholders, seeking their feedback, and incorporating any necessary revisions. User
acceptance testing and prototyping techniques were also employed to validate the
requirements and ensure that they aligned with user expectations.

Requirement Traceability: The project team established a traceability mechanism to track

the requirements throughout the development lifecycle. Each requirement was assigned a
unique identifier and linked to specific design elements, implementation tasks, and testing
activities. This traceability ensured that all requirements were addressed and validated during
the project's execution.

Requirement Management: A requirement management process was established to handle

changes, additions, and deletions to the requirements during the project lifecycle. Change
control mechanisms and documentation updates were implemented to maintain a clear and
up- to-date record of the requirements.

The requirement analysis phase provided a solid foundation for the development
of the Disposable Website platform. It helped the project team gain a deep understanding of
stakeholder needs, define clear objectives, and establish the scope of the project. The
systematic documentation, analysis, validation, and management of requirements ensured that
the resulting platform would meet the expectations of its target users.

In summary, the requirement analysis phase of the Disposable Website project involved
stakeholder identification, requirement elicitation, documentation, analysis, prioritization,
validation, traceability, and management. This phase played a vital role in establishing a clear
understanding of user needs and defining the scope of the project. By conducting a

26
comprehensive requirement analysis, the project team ensured that the Disposable Website
platform would effectively address the requirements of its target users and stakeholders.

3.4 Planning and Design

The planning and design phase is a critical stage in the development of the Disposable
Website project. This phase focuses on defining the project scope, setting clear objectives,
allocating resources, and creating a comprehensive plan for the implementation of the Web-X
platform. Additionally, the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) design are carefully
considered to ensure an intuitive and visually appealing website builder. This section
provides an overview of the planning and design activities undertaken in the Disposable
Website project.

Project Scope Definition: The project scope defines the boundaries and deliverables of the
Disposable Website platform. It includes identifying the target audience (small enterprises,
seasonal businesses, and offline businesses), determining the key features and functionalities
to be implemented, and setting the limitations and constraints of the project. The scope serves
as a guide throughout the project's execution, ensuring that the development team stays
focused on the defined objectives.

Timeline and Milestones: A clear timeline is established to outline the project's duration and
major milestones. This includes setting deadlines for key activities such as requirement
analysis, design, development, testing, and deployment. The timeline provides a roadmap for
the project team, helping them manage their tasks efficiently and ensuring timely completion
of the Disposable Website platform.

Resource Allocation: Proper allocation of resources is essential for the successful

implementation of the Disposable Website project. This involves identifying the necessary
human resources, such as developers, designers, and testers, and allocating them based on
their expertise and availability. Additionally, the required infrastructure, software tools, and
technologies are identified and acquired to support the development process.

Technology Selection: In the planning and design phase, the technology stack for the
Disposable Website platform is carefully chosen. The MERN (MongoDB, Express.js,
React.js, Node.js) Stack is selected as the underlying technology to develop the platform.
This stack provides a robust and scalable foundation for building web applications. The
team evaluates
27
different frameworks, libraries, and tools that align with the project's requirements, ensuring
the chosen technologies are suitable for implementing the desired features.

User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) Design: The UI and UX design of the
Disposable Website platform play a crucial role in attracting and engaging users. A user-
centric approach is followed to create an intuitive and visually appealing website builder
interface. The design team creates wireframes and prototypes to visualize the layout,
navigation, and interactions of the platform. User feedback and usability testing are
conducted to refine the design and enhance the overall user experience.

Platform Architecture: The architectural design of the Disposable Website platform is

established during the planning phase. The team defines the overall structure, components,
and modules of the platform. This includes determining how the frontend (built with React.js)
and backend (built with Node.js and Express.js) components interact, as well as the
integration of the database (MongoDB) for data storage and retrieval.

Security and Data Privacy: Ensuring the security and privacy of user data is a critical
consideration in the planning and design phase. The team identifies potential security risks
and implements measures to mitigate them. This includes implementing user authentication
and authorization mechanisms, encrypting sensitive data, and following best practices for
secure coding. Compliance with data protection regulations, such as GDPR, is also
considered to safeguard user privacy.

By carefully planning and designing the Disposable Website platform, the project
team establishes a solid foundation for its development. Defining the project scope, setting a
timeline, allocating resources, selecting appropriate technologies, and designing an intuitive
user interface contribute to the successful implementation of the platform. This phase lays the
groundwork for the subsequent development, testing, and deployment activities in the
Disposable Website project.

3.5 Development and Testing

The development and testing phase of the Disposable Website project involves the
actual implementation of the Web-X platform based on the defined requirements and design
specifications. This phase encompasses the development of frontend and backend
components, integration of third-party libraries and APIs, as well as rigorous testing
to ensure the
28
functionality, performance, and quality of the platform. This section provides an overview of
the activities carried out during the development and testing phase.

Frontend Development: The frontend development focuses on building the user-facing

components of the Disposable Website platform. The team utilizes React.js, a JavaScript
library, to create interactive and responsive user interfaces. They implement the drag-and-
drop functionality using the GrapesJS library, allowing users to easily build websites by
dragging and dropping pre-designed components. The frontend is designed to be visually
appealing, intuitive, and user-friendly.

Backend Development: The backend development involves building the server-side

components and implementing the business logic of the Disposable Website platform. The
team utilizes Node.js and Express.js to create a scalable and efficient backend architecture.
They develop APIs and endpoints to handle user authentication, website creation, plan
management, query handling, and other core functionalities of the platform. Integration with
the MongoDB database is implemented to store and retrieve user and website data.

Third-Party Integrations: The Disposable Website platform may require integration with
third-party services and APIs to enhance its functionality. For example, integration with
payment gateways enables users to purchase plans, while integration with Google for user
authentication simplifies the login process. The team carefully integrates these services,
ensuring proper authentication, data exchange, and error handling.

Testing and Quality Assurance: Testing plays a crucial role in ensuring the reliability and
stability of the Disposable Website platform. The development team conducts various types
of testing, including unit testing, integration testing, and system testing. They validate the
functionality of individual components, test the interactions between different modules, and
perform end-to-end testing to simulate real-user scenarios. Bugs and issues are identified,
logged, and resolved to improve the overall quality of the platform.

Performance Optimization: As the Disposable Website platform is expected to handle a

significant amount of user traffic, performance optimization is a key consideration. The
development team conducts performance testing to identify bottlenecks and optimize the
platform for faster response times and improved scalability. Techniques such as caching,
code optimization, and database indexing are implemented to enhance the platform's
performance.

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Iterative Development: The development and testing phase follows an iterative approach,
where incremental updates and improvements are made based on user feedback and testing
results. The team conducts user acceptance testing (UAT) to gather feedback from real users
and incorporates their suggestions for further enhancements. This iterative development cycle
ensures continuous improvement and refinement of the Disposable Website platform.

Version Control and Deployment: Throughout the development process, version control
systems such as Git are utilized to manage the source code and track changes. This enables
collaboration among the development team and ensures a reliable codebase. Once the
development and testing are complete, the Disposable Website platform is deployed to a
production environment, making it accessible to users.

The development and testing phase is a crucial stage in the Disposable Website
project, as it brings the envisioned platform to life. By following a systematic development
approach, conducting thorough testing, and incorporating user feedback, the team ensures the
platform's functionality, reliability, and performance. The successful completion of this phase
sets the stage for the subsequent deployment and launch of the Disposable Website platform.

3.6 User Experience and Usability

User experience (UX) and usability are critical factors in the success of the Disposable
Website platform. This section focuses on the efforts made to ensure an intuitive and user-
friendly experience for users throughout their interaction with the platform.

User-Centric Design: The Disposable Website platform is designed with a user-centric

approach, considering the needs, preferences, and behavior of the target users. Extensive
research and analysis are conducted to understand user expectations, their familiarity with
website building, and their goals in using the platform. This research informs the design
decisions and helps create a user interface that is intuitive, visually appealing, and easy to
navigate.

Responsive and Adaptive Design: Recognizing the diversity of devices used by users, the
Disposable Website platform is designed to be responsive and adaptive. This means that the
webpages created using the platform are optimized for different screen sizes and devices,
including laptops, tablets, and smartphones. The responsive design ensures that the content
and

30
layout of the webpages adjust dynamically to provide an optimal viewing experience across
various devices.

Simplified Website Building Process: The platform offers a no-code approach, allowing
users to build websites without any coding knowledge. The drag-and-drop functionality
provided by the GrapesJS library simplifies the process of adding and arranging components
on the webpage. Users can easily select and customize templates, add text, images, videos,
and other elements, preview their changes, and publish their websites with just a few clicks.
The intuitive interface and guided workflows help users quickly build their desired webpages.

Support and Guidance: To assist users in utilizing the platform effectively, the Disposable
Website platform offers various forms of support and guidance. This includes providing
documentation and tutorials that explain the platform's features and functionality in a clear
and concise manner. Additionally, tooltips and contextual help are integrated into the user
interface to provide on-demand assistance and guide users through the website building
process. The availability of a live chat and an AI-powered chatbot further enhances the
support system, allowing users to seek real-time assistance and resolve any queries or issues
they may encounter.

Feedback and Iterative Improvements: User feedback plays a crucial role in improving the
user experience and usability of the Disposable Website platform. Feedback mechanisms
such as feedback forms and user surveys are implemented to gather insights from users. The
development team actively collects and analyzes this feedback to identify pain points, areas
for improvement, and new feature requests. This iterative feedback loop enables continuous
enhancements and refinements to be made to the platform, ensuring that it aligns with user
expectations and provides an optimal user experience.

Performance and Loading Time: The Disposable Website platform is optimized to deliver
fast loading times and responsive performance. This is achieved through efficient coding
practices, proper server configuration, and content optimization techniques. Minimizing the
use of external dependencies and optimizing file sizes contribute to improved loading speeds,
enhancing the overall user experience.

By focusing on user experience and usability, the Disposable Website platform aims
to provide users with a seamless and enjoyable website building experience. The intuitive
interface, responsive design, simplified workflows, comprehensive support, and continuous

31
improvements contribute to an enhanced user experience, making the platform accessible and
user-friendly for users of all skill levels.

3.7 Deployment and Maintenance

The deployment and maintenance phase of the Disposable Website project involves
preparing the platform for production use, deploying it to a server environment, and ensuring
its smooth operation over time. This section outlines the key activities and considerations
involved in the deployment and maintenance of the Disposable Website platform.

Production Environment Setup: During the deployment phase, a production environment is

set up to host the Disposable Website platform. This includes configuring servers, databases,
and other necessary infrastructure components to support the platform's operation. The team
ensures that the production environment meets the required performance, scalability, and
security standards.

Database Management: The Disposable Website platform utilizes a MongoDB database to

store user data, website content, and other relevant information. Database management tasks
include data backup, disaster recovery planning, and monitoring to ensure the integrity and
availability of the data. Regular database maintenance activities, such as index optimization
and data archiving, are performed to optimize performance and storage efficiency.

Security Considerations: Security is a critical aspect of the Disposable Website platform.

Measures are implemented to safeguard user data, prevent unauthorized access, and protect
against potential security threats. This includes implementing encryption for sensitive data,
secure user authentication mechanisms, and following best practices for securing the server
environment. Regular security audits and vulnerability assessments are conducted to identify
and address any potential vulnerabilities.

Monitoring and Performance Optimization: Continuous monitoring of the platform's

performance and availability is essential to ensure optimal user experience. Monitoring tools
are utilized to track server health, response times, and other performance metrics.
Performance optimization techniques, such as caching, load balancing, and code profiling, are
implemented to enhance the platform's speed and responsiveness. Any bottlenecks or issues
identified through monitoring are promptly addressed to maintain the platform's performance.

32
Bug Fixing and Continuous Improvements: Despite rigorous testing, bugs and issues may
arise in the production environment. A dedicated maintenance team is responsible for
promptly identifying and resolving these issues to minimize disruption to users. Regular bug
fixes, updates, and patches are released to address any reported problems or security
vulnerabilities. Additionally, user feedback and analytics data are analyzed to identify areas
for improvement and introduce new features or enhancements to the platform.

User Support and Documentation: To ensure a positive user experience, ongoing user
support is provided. This includes offering technical assistance, addressing user queries, and
troubleshooting any issues that users may encounter. Clear and comprehensive
documentation is available to guide users in utilizing the platform effectively and making the
most out of its features. User support channels, such as email support, live chat, or a
dedicated helpdesk, are established to facilitate timely and efficient user support.

Version Control and Release Management: Throughout the maintenance phase, version
control practices are followed to manage the codebase effectively. This includes utilizing
version control systems like Git to track changes, manage branches, and ensure collaboration
among team members. Release management processes are employed to coordinate the
deployment of new features, bug fixes, and updates to the platform while minimizing any
potential disruption to user experience.

The deployment and maintenance phase ensures that the Disposable Website platform
remains accessible, reliable, and up-to-date for its users. By effectively managing the
production environment, addressing security concerns, monitoring performance, resolving
issues promptly, and providing ongoing user support, the platform can operate smoothly and
evolve over time to meet the changing needs and expectations of its users.

3.8 Evaluation and Validation

The evaluation and validation phase of the Disposable Website project involves
assessing the effectiveness, performance, and user satisfaction of the platform. This section
outlines the key activities and approaches used to evaluate and validate the Disposable
Website platform.

Usability Testing: Usability testing is conducted to evaluate how easily users can navigate
the platform, build webpages, and utilize its features. Test participants, representative of the

33
target

34
user base, are given specific tasks to perform on the platform while their interactions are
observed and recorded. Feedback and insights gathered from usability testing sessions help
identify any usability issues, areas of improvement, and potential bottlenecks in the user
experience.

Performance Testing: Performance testing is carried out to assess the responsiveness, speed,
and scalability of the Disposable Website platform. Load testing, stress testing, and
endurance testing are performed to simulate various usage scenarios and determine the
platform's performance under different levels of user activity. This helps identify any
performance bottlenecks, optimize resource utilization, and ensure the platform can handle
concurrent users and traffic effectively.

User Satisfaction Surveys: Surveys and questionnaires are distributed to users to gather
feedback on their overall satisfaction with the Disposable Website platform. These surveys
cover aspects such as ease of use, availability of desired features, responsiveness, and overall
user experience. User feedback and ratings provide valuable insights into the strengths and
weaknesses of the platform, guiding further improvements and enhancements.

Comparison with Competing Solutions: The Disposable Website platform is evaluated and
compared against other existing website building solutions in the market. This analysis helps
identify the unique features, advantages, and differentiating factors of the Disposable Website
platform. By benchmarking against competing solutions, the project team can understand the
platform's strengths and areas for improvement, ensuring its competitiveness in the market.

Bug Tracking and Issue Resolution: Throughout the evaluation and validation phase, any
identified bugs, issues, or user-reported problems are diligently tracked and resolved. A bug
tracking system is used to log and prioritize issues based on their severity and impact on the
user experience. Regular updates and bug fixes are released to address these issues and
ensure a smooth and error-free operation of the platform.

User Feedback Incorporation: User feedback collected through surveys, usability testing,
and support channels is carefully analyzed and incorporated into the development process.
Suggestions, feature requests, and usability improvements provided by users are considered
during subsequent iterations of the platform. This iterative approach allows the Disposable
Website platform to evolve based on user needs and preferences, ensuring its continuous
enhancement and alignment with user expectations.

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 By conducting thorough evaluation and validation activities, the Disposable Website
project team can gain insights into the platform's performance, usability, and user
satisfaction. The results of these evaluations guide improvements and refinements, helping
create a robust and user-friendly platform that meets the needs of its target users.

3.9 Ethical Considerations

The Disposable Website project recognizes the importance of ethical considerations in the
development and operation of the platform. This section highlights some of the key ethical
considerations that have been addressed throughout the project.

User Data Privacy: Protecting user data privacy is a top priority in the Disposable Website
platform. Strict measures are implemented to ensure that user data is securely stored and
handled in compliance with relevant data protection regulations. User consent is obtained for
data collection and processing, and transparency regarding data usage is maintained.
Appropriate security measures, such as encryption and secure user authentication, are
implemented to safeguard user data from unauthorized access or breaches.

User Consent and Permissions: The Disposable Website platform ensures that users
provide informed consent for various activities, such as data collection, website publication,
and contact with the support team. Users have control over their data and can choose to delete
their accounts or dispose of their webpages as desired. Clear and transparent information
about the platform's functionality, terms of service, and privacy policy is provided to users,
enabling them to make informed decisions.

Fair Pricing and Transparency: The pricing plans offered by the Disposable Website
platform are designed to be fair and transparent. Users are provided with clear information
about the features included in each plan and the associated costs. Any changes in pricing or
plan details are communicated to users in advance. The platform avoids deceptive pricing
practices and ensures that users understand the value they receive for the price they pay.

Accessibility: The Disposable Website platform is designed to be accessible to users with

different abilities and needs. Efforts are made to adhere to accessibility guidelines and
standards, ensuring that individuals with disabilities can access and use the platform
effectively. This includes providing alternative text for images, using semantic markup, and
enabling keyboard navigation.

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Responsible AI Usage: The implementation of the AI chatbot feature in the Disposable
Website platform adheres to ethical guidelines for responsible AI usage. The chatbot is
designed to provide accurate information and assistance to users while respecting their
privacy. Bias and discrimination in AI algorithms are actively monitored and addressed to
ensure fair and unbiased interactions.

User Support and Assistance: The Disposable Website platform strives to provide excellent
user support and assistance. Users are provided with clear channels for contacting the support
team, and their queries and issues are addressed promptly and professionally. The support
team ensures that users receive the necessary guidance and help in utilizing the platform
effectively.

Throughout the development and operation of the Disposable Website platform,

ethical considerations have been integrated into the project. By prioritizing user data privacy,
obtaining user consent, maintaining fair pricing and transparency, ensuring accessibility,
practicing responsible AI usage, and providing user support, the platform aims to create a
positive and ethical user experience for its users.

3.10 Project Timeline and Deliverables

The Disposable Website project follows a structured timeline and defines specific
deliverables to ensure smooth progress and successful completion of the project. This section
outlines the project timeline and the key deliverables associated with each phase.

Project Initiation (Duration: 1 week)

 Define project objectives and scope

 Identify key stakeholders and their roles
 Conduct initial research on website building platforms and technologies
 Develop a project plan and timeline

Requirement Analysis and Design (Duration: 2 weeks)

 Gather user requirements through surveys and interviews

 Analyze requirements to identify essential features and functionalities
 Create wireframes and design prototypes for the disposable website platform
 Review and refine the design based on user feedback

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Development (Duration: 9 weeks)

 Set up the development environment using MERN Stack technology

 Implement user authentication and registration functionality
 Develop the website builder module with drag-and-drop functionality using GrapesJS
library Integrate the template system for users to choose and customize templates
 Implement payment gateway integration for purchasing plans
 Develop the AI chatbot feature for user assistance
 Implement admin functionalities for user management and query handling
 Ensure responsiveness and adaptability of webpages across different devices
 Perform unit testing and debugging throughout the development process

Testing and Quality Assurance (Duration: 2 weeks)

 Conduct thorough testing to identify and fix any bugs or issues

 Perform cross-browser and cross-device compatibility testing
 Validate the platform against user requirements and design specifications
 Implement security measures to protect user data
 Ensure the platform's compliance with web standards and best practices

User Experience Enhancement (Duration: 2 week)

 Gather user feedback through usability testing and surveys

 Analyze feedback and make necessary improvements to enhance user experience
 Fine-tune the platform's interface, navigation, and interaction elements
 Optimize the platform's performance and responsiveness

Documentation and Finalization (Duration: 1 week)

 Prepare user documentation and guidelines for the Disposable Website platform
 Document the project's technical specifications and architecture
 Finalize the project report, including all chapters and sections
 Conduct a comprehensive review of the entire project for quality assurance

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3.11 Gantt Chart

Fig:3.11 Gantt Chart

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 CHAPTER- 4

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION

4.1 Introduction to System Design

In this chapter, we delve into the system design phase of the Disposable Website
platform. System design plays a crucial role in transforming the requirements into a well-
defined structure that guides the implementation process. It involves creating a blueprint for
the system architecture, component design, user interface, database design, security measures,
integration requirements, and performance considerations.

The primary objective of system design is to ensure that the Disposable Website platform
meets the specified functional and non-functional requirements while delivering an optimal
user experience. This phase focuses on translating the requirements gathered during the
system analysis phase into a practical and efficient system design.

The system design phase involves making design decisions that determine how the various
components of the Disposable Website platform will interact with each other, how the user
interface will be structured, how data will be stored and accessed, and how security measures
will be implemented. It is essential to consider factors such as scalability, maintainability,
extensibility, and usability during the design process.

During the system design phase, close collaboration between the development team and
stakeholders is crucial to ensure that the design aligns with the project goals and
requirements. Iterative design processes, prototyping, and feedback loops can be employed to
refine the design and validate its feasibility.

The system design phase sets the foundation for the subsequent stages of development,
testing, and implementation. A well-designed system architecture and component design
enhance the modularity, reusability, and maintainability of the Disposable Website platform.
A user-centric and intuitive user interface design improves the overall user experience. The
database design ensures efficient data storage and retrieval. The security design
safeguards user data and

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protects against unauthorized access. Integration and performance design considerations
ensure seamless interactions with external systems and optimal system performance.

In the following sections of this chapter, we will explore the specific aspects of the
system design and architecture for the Disposable Website platform, including the high-level
system architecture, component design, database design, user interface design, security
design, integration and API design, performance and scalability design, and system design
validation.

By addressing these elements in the system design phase, we aim to create a robust, scalable,
and user-friendly Disposable Website platform that meets the needs of users and provides
them with a seamless website building experience.

Fig: 4.1 System Design

4.2 System Architecture

The system architecture of the disposable website platform provides an overview of the
high-level structure and interaction between various components. This section explains the
architecture design, illustrating the key components and their relationships.

The system architecture can be described as follows:

4.2.1 Client-Side Components:

User Interface: This component represents the frontend user interface where users interact
with the platform. It includes the login and registration interfaces, webpage builder, template
selection, and other user-facing features.

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Drag-and-Drop Interface: The drag-and-drop interface allows users to design webpages by
selecting and placing components, such as text, images, buttons, and forms, onto the canvas.

AI Chatbot: The AI chatbot component integrates with the user interface to provide real-
time assistance and support to users. It utilizes natural language processing and machine
learning techniques to understand user queries and respond accordingly

4.2.2 Server-Side Components:

Web Server: The web server acts as the intermediary between the client-side and server-side
components. It receives requests from the user interface and routes them to the appropriate
server-side components for processing.

User Management: The user management component handles user registration,

authentication, and account management. It stores user information, validates credentials, and
manages user access rights.

Template Management: This component manages the collection of pre-designed templates

available for users to choose from. It handles template selection, customization, and retrieval
for the webpage builder.

Database: The database component stores user data, webpage content, templates, and other
relevant information. It ensures data persistence and enables efficient retrieval and
manipulation of data.

Payment Gateway Integration: This component integrates with a payment gateway service
to facilitate the purchase of plans by users. It handles payment transactions securely and
verifies successful transactions before activating the live webpage.

4.2.3 Deployment Environment:

Hosting Infrastructure: The disposable website platform is hosted on a suitable

infrastructure provider, such as cloud-based services, ensuring high availability and
scalability.

Server Configuration: The server is configured to handle incoming requests, manage server
resources, and execute backend processes efficiently. It is optimized for performance and
reliability.

Network Protocols: The platform utilizes standard network protocols, such as HTTP and
WebSocket, to enable communication between the client-side and server-side components.
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The system architecture follows a client-server model, where the client-side components
interact with the server-side components to fulfill user requests and provide the desired
functionality. The components work together seamlessly to offer users a user-friendly and
intuitive experience in building and managing their webpages.

Fig:4.2 System Architecture

4.3 Functional and Non-functional Requirements

During the system analysis phase of the Disposable Website project, it is important to
identify and document both functional and non-functional requirements. Functional
requirements define the specific functionalities and features that the Disposable Website
platform must possess, while non-functional requirements specify the qualities and
characteristics that the system should exhibit. This section will discuss both types of
requirements in detail.

4.3.1 Functional Requirements

Functional requirements describe the specific actions and behaviors that the
Disposable Website platform should be able to perform. These requirements are derived from
the needs and expectations of the stakeholders and are essential for the system’s successful
operation. Some examples of functional requirements for the Disposable Website platform
include:

User Registration and Authentication: Users should be able to register an account on the
platform and authenticate themselves to access their account.

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Drag-and-Drop Website Builder: The platform should provide a drag-and-drop interface
that allows users to build websites by selecting and arranging components without the need
for coding.

Template Selection: Users should be able to choose from a variety of pre-designed templates
to customize their websites quickly.

Preview and Publish: Users should have the ability to preview their website before
publishing it live to ensure it appears as intended.

Plan Purchase: Users should be able to select and purchase different plans to extend the
availability of their websites beyond the disposable period.

Contact Us: Users should have a means to contact the platform’s support team for design
assistance or general queries.

Password Management: Users should be able to update their passwords, reset them in case
of forgetting, and ensure the security of their accounts.

Account Management: Users should have the ability to manage their profile information,
including updating personal details and deleting their accounts if desired.

AI Chatbot: The platform should include an AI-powered chatbot to provide automated

assistance and address user queries in real-time.

Feedback Form: Users should have the option to provide feedback on their experience with
the Disposable Website platform, enabling continuous improvement.

4.3.2 Non-functional Requirements

Non-functional requirements define the qualities and characteristics that the

Disposable Website platform should possess. These requirements focus on aspects such as
performance, security, usability, and reliability. Some examples of non-functional
requirements for the Disposable Website platform include:

Performance: The platform should be highly responsive and provide fast loading times to
ensure a smooth user experience.

Scalability: The system should be capable of handling a growing number of users and
websites without compromising performance.

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Security: The platform should employ robust security measures to protect user data, including
encryption, secure authentication, and secure data storage.

Usability: The user interface should be intuitive and user-friendly, allowing users to easily
navigate and interact with the platform.

Reliability: The platform should be stable and available, with minimal downtime or system
failures.

Compatibility: The Disposable Website platform should be compatible with various web
browsers and devices, ensuring a consistent experience across different platforms.

Accessibility: The platform should adhere to accessibility standards, ensuring that users with
disabilities can access and use the platform effectively.

Maintainability: The system should be designed and implemented in a modular and

maintainable manner, allowing for easy updates, bug fixes, and future enhancements.

4.4 High-Level System Architecture

The high-level system architecture of the Disposable Website platform defines the
overall structure and organization of the system components. It provides a conceptual view of
how different modules and subsystems interact to 51ulfil the platform’s functionality. The
high- level system architecture serves as a roadmap for the implementation phase and guides
the development team in creating a scalable, modular, and maintainable system.

The Disposable Website platform follows a layered architecture, which separates the
concerns and responsibilities of different system components. The high-level system
architecture consists of the following layers:

4.4.1 Presentation Layer:

This layer focuses on the user interface and user interaction with the platform.

It includes components such as web pages, templates, drag-and-drop functionality, and user
input forms.

The presentation layer allows users to build and customize their websites using an intuitive
and user-friendly interface.

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4.4.2 Application Layer:

The application layer contains the core logic and functionality of the Disposable Website
platform.

It handles user requests, processes data, manages user accounts, and facilitates website building
operations.

This layer implements business rules, validation logic, and data processing algorithms.

4.4.3 Data Layer:

The data layer is responsible for storing and retrieving data used by the platform.

It includes the database management system (DBMS) and related components.

The data layer ensures the persistence and integrity of user account information, website
content, templates, and other relevant data.

4.4.4 Integration Layer:

The integration layer enables communication and interaction with external systems and
services. It facilitates integration with third-party APIs, payment gateways, email services,
and other necessary external components. This layer handles data exchange, synchronization,
and integration between the Disposable Website platform and external systems.

The high-level system architecture also incorporates the MERN (MongoDB,

Express.js, React, Node.js) stack technology for the development of the Disposable Website
platform. This technology stack provides a robust and scalable foundation for building web
applications.

Additionally, the system architecture considers factors such as scalability, fault tolerance, and
performance. It allows for horizontal scaling by distributing the load across multiple servers
and ensures that the platform can handle increasing user traffic and data volume effectively.

The high-level system architecture diagram illustrates the interaction and flow of data
between the different layers and components of the Disposable Website platform. It provides
a visual representation of how the system is structured and how the components collaborate
to deliver the desired functionality.

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By designing a well-defined high-level system architecture, the Disposable Website platform
ensures modularity, maintainability, and extensibility. It allows for easy integration of new
features, enhancements, and future system updates.

4.5 Component Descriptions

This section provides detailed descriptions of the key components within the
disposable website platform. It explains the purpose, functionality, and responsibilities of
each component. The following components can be included:

4.5.1 User Management:

 Purpose:

The User Management component is responsible for handling user registration,

authentication, and account management within the platform.

 Functionality:

User Registration: Allows users to create an account by providing necessary information.

User Authentication: Verifies user credentials during login to ensure secure access to the
platform.

Account Management: Enables users to update their profile information, change passwords,
and delete their accounts if desired.

Access Control: Manages user roles and permissions to control access to different platform
features and functionalities.

4.5.2 Template Management:

 Purpose:

The Template Management component is responsible for managing the collection of pre-
designed templates available to users for webpage creation.

 Functionality:

Template Selection: Presents users with a catalog of available templates and allows them to
choose the desired one for their webpage.

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Template Customization: Enables users to customize selected templates by modifying
colors, fonts, layouts, and other design elements.

Template Retrieval: Fetches the selected template and associated assets for rendering in the
webpage builder interface.

4.5.3 Webpage Builder:

 Purpose:

The Webpage Builder component provides a drag-and-drop interface that allows users to
design and customize their webpages.

 Functionality:

Drag-and-Drop Interface: Allows users to select and place various components (e.g., text,
images, buttons) onto the canvas, enabling intuitive webpage creation.

Component Customization: Provides options to customize component properties, such as

styling, layout, and behavior, to achieve the desired webpage design.

Real-Time Preview: Offers a live preview of the webpage as users make changes to the design,
providing instant feedback on the final appearance.

Code Generation: Generates the corresponding HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code based on
the user’s design, allowing users to further customize or export the code if needed.

4.5.4 Payment Gateway Integration:

 Purpose:

The Payment Gateway Integration component facilitates secure payment transactions for
users who want to purchase plans within the disposable website platform.

 Functionality:

Plan Selection: Presents users with different subscription plans and pricing options.

Payment Processing: Handles the secure transfer of payment information and verifies
successful transactions.

Plan Activation: Activates the selected plan, allowing the user’s webpage to go live for the
specified period.

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4.5.5 AI Chatbot:

 Purpose:

The AI Chatbot component provides real-time support and assistance to users, answering their
queries and providing guidance within the platform.

 Functionality:

Natural Language Processing: Utilizes techniques to understand user queries and extract
relevant information.

Real-Time Response: Provides immediate responses to user queries, offering assistance and
guidance.

Knowledge Base Integration: Incorporates a knowledge base to provide accurate and relevant
information to users.

These component descriptions outline the core functionality and responsibilities of

each component within the disposable website platform.

4.6 Database Design

Database design is a crucial aspect of the Disposable Website project as it

determines how data will be organized, stored, and accessed within the system. An efficient
and well-structured database design ensures data integrity, optimal performance, and supports
the system’s functionality. In this section, we will discuss the database design considerations
and the entities and relationships involved in the Disposable Website platform.

4.6.1 Database Design Considerations

When designing the database for the Disposable Website platform, the following
considerations are taken into account:

Data Structure: The data structure is designed to accurately represent the entities and their
relationships in the system, ensuring data integrity and consistency.

Scalability: The database design should support future growth and expansion of the platform,
accommodating an increasing number of users, websites, and related data.

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Performance: The database design is optimized for efficient data retrieval, storage, and
manipulation, minimizing response times and maximizing system performance.

Security: Proper security measures are implemented to protect sensitive user data, including
encryption, access control, and adherence to privacy regulations.

Normalization: The database design follows the principles of normalization to eliminate data
redundancy, improve data integrity, and simplify data maintenance.

4.6.2 Entities and Relationships

The database design for the Disposable Website platform involves several entities and their
relationships. Some of the key entities and their relationships are as follows:

User Entity: Represents the users of the platform. It includes attributes such as user ID,
name, email, password, and account status.

Website Entity: Represents the websites created by users. It includes attributes such as
website ID, name, description, and publish status.

Template Entity: Represents the pre-designed templates available for users to choose from. It
includes attributes such as template ID, name, description, and design elements.

Plan Entity: Represents the different plans available for users to purchase and extend their
webpages. It includes attributes such as plan ID, name, price, and features.

Component Entity: Represents the various components that can be added to webpages. It
includes attributes such as component ID, name, type, and configuration settings.

Query Entity: Represents the queries submitted by users for support or assistance. It includes
attributes such as query ID, user ID, timestamp, and message.

Feedback Entity: Represents the feedback provided by users regarding their experience with
the platform. It includes attributes such as feedback ID, user ID, rating, and comments.

These entities are related through various relationships, such as one-to-one, one-to-
many, and many-to-many relationships, depending on the nature of the data and the system’s
requirements.

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 Fig: 4.6.2 Entities & Relationship

4.6.3 Database Schema and Tables

Based on the entities and relationships identified, the database schema is designed, and the
necessary tables are created. Each table represents an entity, and the columns in the table
represent the attributes of that entity. The relationships between entities are established
through primary and foreign key constraints.

The database tables may include the following:

Users Table: Stores user-related information such as user ID, name, email, password, and
account status.

Websites Table: Stores website-related information such as website ID, name, description, and
publish status. It may also include foreign key references to the user who owns the website.

Templates Table: Stores template-related information such as template ID, name,

description, and design elements.

Plans Table: Stores plan-related information such as plan ID, name, price, and features.

Components Table: Stores component-related information such as component ID, name,

type, and configuration settings.

Queries Table: Stores query-related information such as query ID, user ID, timestamp, and
message.

Feedback Table: Stores feedback-related information such as feedback ID, user ID, rating,
and comments.

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 The database design ensures that data is organized, structured, and related in a way
that supports the system's functionality and allows for efficient data retrieval and
manipulation. It serves as the foundation for the implementation of the system and plays a
crucial role in its overall performance and reliability.

Fig: User Schema Fig: Contact Schema

Fig: Feedback Schema Fig: Webpage Schema

Fig: Plan Schema

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4.7 Use Case

4.7.1 Use Case Diagram

Fig: Use Case Diagram ( User)

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 Fig: Use Case Diagram ( Admin )

4.7.2 Use Case Descriptions

Use Case 1:

 User Registration

Description: This use case allows a user to register an account on the disposable website.

Actors: Regular User

Preconditions: The user has accessed the website and is not currently registered.

Postconditions: The user account is successfully created, and the user can proceed with
logging in and using the system.

Main Flow:

 The user clicks on the “Register” button on the homepage.

 The system displays a registration form prompting the user to enter their desired
username, email address, and password.
 The user fills in the required details and submits the registration form.
 The system verifies the entered information, checks for any conflicts, and creates the
user account.

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  The system redirects the user to the login page.

Use Case 2:

 User Login

Description: This use case allows a user to log in to their account on the disposable website.

Actors: Regular User

Preconditions: The user has a registered account.

Postconditions: The user is successfully logged in and gains access to their account and
associated functionalities.

Main Flow:

 The user clicks on the “Login” button on the homepage.

 The system presents a login form, prompting the user to enter their credentials.
 The user provides their username/email and password.
 The system verifies the entered credentials and grants access to the user’s account.
 The system redirects the user to the builder page, displaying their personalized
dashboard.

Use Case 3:

 Create Webpage from Scratch

Description: This use case allows a user to create a webpage from scratch using the drag-and-
drop components provided by the system.

Actors: Regular User

Preconditions: The user is logged in and has accessed the builder page.

Postconditions: The user successfully designs and saves their custom webpage.

Main Flow:

 The user selects the “Create from Scratch” option on the builder page.
 The system presents a blank canvas and a toolbar containing various drag-and-drop
components.

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  The user selects and drags the desired components onto the canvas to create the
webpage layout.
 The user customizes each component’s properties, such as text, images, and styles.
 The user saves the webpage design.
 The system stores the design in the database and associates it with the user’s account.

Use Case 4:

 Use Template to Create Webpage

Description: This use case allows a user to create a webpage using pre-designed templates
provided by the system.

Actors: Regular User

Preconditions: The user is logged in and has accessed the builder page.

Postconditions: The user successfully selects and customizes a template to create their webpage.

Main Flow:

 The user selects the “Use Template” option on the builder page.
 The system displays a library of available templates, showcasing different designs and
layouts.
 The user browses through the templates and selects the desired one for their webpage.
 The system loads the selected template onto the canvas, including pre-configured
components and placeholder content.
 The user customizes the template by replacing the placeholder content with their own
text, images, and other elements.
 The user modifies the styles and settings of the components to match their preferences.
 The user saves the customized webpage design.
 The system stores the design in the database and associates it with the user’s account.

Use Case 5:

 Purchase Plan

Description: This use case allows a user to purchase a plan to extend the availability of their webpage.

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Actors: Regular User

Preconditions: The user is logged in and has designed a webpage.

Postconditions: The user’s webpage remains available beyond the disposable time frame
based on the purchased plan.

Main Flow:

 The user navigates to the “Purchase Plan” section within their account settings or
builder page.
 The system presents a list of available plans along with their features, pricing, and
duration options.
 The user reviews the available plans and selects the desired plan that best suits their
requirements.
 The system prompts the user to provide payment details, such as credit card
information or choose from available payment methods.
 The user enters the required payment information and confirms the purchase.
 The system processes the payment transaction securely and generates a confirmation
receipt.
 The user receives the payment confirmation along with details of the purchased plan.
 The system updates the user’s account to reflect the purchased plan and extends the
availability of their webpage accordingly.
 The user can now access and share their webpage beyond the disposable time frame
based on the duration specified in the purchased plan.

Use Case 6:

 Contact Us

Description: This use case allows a user to contact the administrators for design assistance or
to address any queries.

Actors: Regular User

Preconditions: The user is logged in and wishes to contact the administrators.

Postconditions: The user’s query or message is successfully sent to the administrators.

Main Flow:

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  The user navigates to the “Contact Us” page or section of the disposable website.
 The system presents a contact form or interface where the user can enter their name,
email address, subject, and message.
 The user fills in the required fields, providing accurate and detailed information
regarding their inquiry or request for assistance.
 The user submits the contact form by clicking on the “Submit” or “Send” button.
 The system validates the entered information, ensuring all required fields are filled.
 If the validation is successful, the system acknowledges the user’s submission and
generates a confirmation message.
 The system sends a notification to the system administrators or support team,
informing them about the user’s contact request.
 The system administrators or support team receive the user’s message and review the
details provided.
 The system administrators or support team respond to the user’s inquiry or request,
either via email or through a designated communication channel.
 The user receives a response from the system administrators or support team,
addressing their inquiry or providing assistance.

Use Case 7:

 Update Password

Description: This use case allows a user to update their account password.

Actors: Regular User

Preconditions: The user is logged in and wishes to update their password.

Postconditions: The user’s password is successfully updated in the system.

Main Flow:

 The user navigates to the account settings or profile section.

 The system presents the user with an option to update their password.
 The user selects the “Update Password” option.
 The system prompts the user to enter their current password and the new password.
 The user enters their current password and the desired new password.
 The system verifies the user’s current password to ensure its accuracy.

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  If the current password is verified successfully, the system updates the user’s
password with the new one.
 The user receives a confirmation message indicating that their password has been
updated successfully.
 The user can now log in using the new password for future access to their account.

Use Case 8:

 Delete Account

Description: This use case allows a user to delete their account and associated data from the
system.

Actors: Regular User

Preconditions: The user is logged in and wishes to delete their account permanently.

Postconditions: The user’s account and all associated data are successfully deleted from the
system.

Main Flow:

 The user navigates to the account settings or profile section.

 The system presents the user with an option to delete their account.
 The user selects the “Delete Account” option.
 The system displays a confirmation prompt, asking the user to confirm their decision
to delete the account.
 The user confirms their intention to delete the account.
 The system verifies the user’s identity and ensures they have the necessary
authorization to delete the account.
 If the verification is successful, the system proceeds with the deletion process.
 The system permanently removes the user’s account and all associated data from the
system.
 The user receives a confirmation message indicating that their account has been
deleted successfully.

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 Use Case 9:

 Manage Users

Description: This use case allows an admin to manage users of the disposable website.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully performs user management tasks.

Main Flow:

 The admin navigates to the user management section or dashboard.

 The system presents a list of registered users or provides search functionality to find
specific users.
 The admin selects a user from the list or enters search criteria to locate a specific user.
 The system displays detailed user information, including username, email, and
account status.
 The admin can perform various actions on the user, such as editing user details,
viewing user activity, or managing user permissions.
 The admin selects the desired action and follows the appropriate steps to complete the
task.
 The system updates the user’s information or performs the requested action as per the
admin’s instructions.
 The admin receives a confirmation message indicating the successful completion of
the user management task.

Use Case 10:

 Manage Queries

Description: This use case allows an admin to manage queries received from users.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully handles user queries and responds to them.

Main Flow:

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  The admin accesses the query management section or dashboard.
 The system presents a list of queries or provides filtering options to categorize queries.
 The admin selects a query from the list or applies filters to narrow down the query
selection.
 The system displays the details of the selected query, including the user’s inquiry,
timestamp, and any relevant attachments.
 The admin reviews the query and 67odellin the provided information to understand
the user’s concern or request.
 The admin formulates a response or solution to address the user’s query.
 The admin composes a reply or communicates with the user using the preferred
communication channel (e.g., email, live chat).
 The admin sends the response to the user, providing relevant information or resolving
their query.
 The system updates the query status or marks it as “responded” to keep track of the
admin’s interaction.

Use Case 11:

 Add Template

Description: This use case allows an admin to add new templates to the disposable website for
users to utilize in webpage creation.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully adds a new template to the disposable website.

Main Flow:

 The admin accesses the template management section or dashboard.

 The system provides an option to add a new template.
 The admin selects the “Add Template” option.
 The system presents a form or interface to collect the necessary details and
specifications of the new template.
 The admin enters the template’s name, description, design elements, and any
associated files or resources.

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  The admin submits the template details to the system.
 The system processes the submitted information and validates the template details.
 If the template details are valid, the system adds the new template to the disposable
website’s template library.
 The admin receives a confirmation message indicating the successful addition of the
new template.

Use Case 12:

 View User Plans

Description: This use case allows an admin to view the plans purchased by users on the
disposable website.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully accesses and views user plans.

Main Flow:

 The admin navigates to the user plan management section or dashboard.

 The system presents a list of registered users or provides search functionality to find
specific users.
 The admin selects a user from the list or enters search criteria to locate a specific user.
 The system displays detailed user information, including username, email, and
account status.
 The admin selects the user to view their purchased plans.
 The system retrieves and presents the list of plans associated with the selected user.
 The admin can view the details of each plan, such as plan type, duration, and
expiration date.
 The admin receives a comprehensive overview of the user’s purchased plans and their
corresponding information.

Use Case 13:

 Delete User

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Description: This use case allows an admin to delete a user account from the disposable website.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully deletes the selected user account.

Main Flow:

 The admin navigates to the user management section or dashboard.

 The system presents a list of registered users or provides search functionality to find
specific users.
 The admin selects a user from the list or enters search criteria to locate a specific user.
 The system displays detailed user information, including username, email, and
account status.
 The admin selects the user to delete their account.
 The system prompts the admin to confirm the account deletion.
 The admin confirms the deletion by selecting the appropriate option.
 The system removes the user account from the disposable website’s database,
including all associated data.
 The admin receives a confirmation message indicating the successful deletion of the
user account.

Use Case 14:

 Block User

Description: This use case allows an admin to block a user account on the disposable website,
restricting their access to certain functionalities.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully blocks the selected user account.

Main Flow:

 The admin navigates to the user management section or dashboard.

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  The system presents a list of registered users or provides search functionality to find
specific users.
 The admin selects a user from the list or enters search criteria to locate a specific user.
 The system displays detailed user information, including username, email, and
account status.
 The admin selects the user to block their account.
 The system prompts the admin to confirm the account blocking.
 The admin confirms the blocking by selecting the appropriate option.
 The system updates the user account status to “blocked,” restricting their access to
certain features or functionalities.
 The admin receives a confirmation message indicating the successful blocking of the
user account.

Use Case 15:

 Update Password

Description: This use case allows an admin to update their own password for the admin account.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully updates their password.

Main Flow:

 The admin navigates to the account settings or profile section.

 The system presents the admin’s account information and options to manage the
account.
 The admin selects the “Change Password” or similar option.
 The system prompts the admin to enter their current password for verification purposes.
 The admin enters their current password.
 The system verifies the entered password against the stored password for the admin
account.
 If the current password is correct, the system presents the password update form.

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  The admin enters the new password in the designated fields, ensuring adherence to
any password complexity requirements.
 The admin confirms the new password by re-entering it in a separate field.
 The system validates the new password for correctness and adherence to any
password policies.
 If the new password passes validation, the system updates the admin’s password and
stores it securely.
 The admin receives a confirmation message indicating the successful password update.

Use Case 16:

 Reset Password

Description: This use case allows an admin to reset the password of a regular user’s account.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully resets the password of the user’s account.

Main Flow:

 The admin navigates to the user management section or dashboard.

 The system presents a list of registered users or provides search functionality to find
specific users.
 The admin selects a user from the list or enters search criteria to locate a specific user.
 The system displays detailed user information, including username, email, and
account status.
 The admin selects the user to reset their password.
 The system prompts the admin to confirm the password reset.
 The admin confirms the password reset by selecting the appropriate option.
 The system generates a temporary or system-generated password for the user’s account.
 The system sends an email or notification to the user, providing the new temporary
password and instructions on how to change it.
 The admin receives a confirmation message indicating the successful password reset.

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 Use Case 17:

 View User Feedback

Description: This use case allows an admin to view feedback provided by users of the disposable
website.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

Postconditions: The admin successfully accesses and views user feedback.

Main Flow:

 The admin navigates to the feedback management section or dashboard.

 The system presents a list of feedback entries or provides search functionality to find
specific feedback.
 The admin can filter or sort the feedback entries based on different criteria, such as
date or user.
 The admin selects a feedback entry from the list or enters search criteria to locate
specific feedback.
 The system displays detailed information about the selected feedback, including the
user’s name, email, message, and rating.
 The admin can read the user’s feedback and assess the overall sentiment or
satisfaction level expressed.
 The admin may take note of important feedback points or make annotations for future
reference or action.
 The admin receives a comprehensive overview of the user feedback and their
associated details.

Use Case 18:

 Delete Account

Description: This use case allows an admin to delete their own admin account from the
disposable website.

Actors: Admin

Preconditions: The admin is logged in to their admin account.

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Postconditions: The admin successfully deletes their own admin account.

Main Flow:

 The admin navigates to the account settings or profile section.

 The system presents the admin’s account information and options to manage the
account.
 The admin selects the “Delete Account” or similar option.
 The system prompts the admin to confirm the account deletion.
 The admin confirms the deletion by selecting the appropriate option.
 The system performs a final verification step to ensure the admin’s intention to delete
their account.
 If the admin passes the verification, the system deletes the admin account from the
disposable website’s database, including all associated data.
 The admin receives a confirmation message indicating the successful deletion of their
admin account.

4.8 Class Diagram

The class diagram presented below depicts the key classes involved in the core functionalities
of the disposable website, including user management, webpage creation, and query
handling. The diagram showcases the relationships between these classes and highlights their
attributes and methods.

 User

Class: Attributes:

userId: unique identifier for each user

username: the username chosen by the user

email: email address of the user

password: encrypted password of the user

role: role of the user (e.g., regular user or admin)

Methods:

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register(): registers a new user in the system login():

authenticates the user’s login credentials

updatePassword(): updates the user’s password

deleteAccount(): deletes the user’s account from the system

 Admin Class:

Attributes:

adminId: unique identifier for each admin username:

the username chosen by the admin email: email

address of the admin

password: encrypted password of the admin

Methods:

login(): authenticates the admin’s login credentials

updatePassword(): updates the admin’s password

deleteAccount(): deletes the admin’s account from the system

manageUsers(): manages the users registered on the disposable website

manageQueries(): handles user queries and provides responses

addTemplate(): adds new templates for users to use in webpage creation

viewUserPlans(): views the plans purchased by users

blockUser(): blocks a user account, restricting their access

resetPassword(): resets the password of a user’s account

viewUserFeedback(): views the feedback provided by users

 Webpage Class:

Attributes:

webpageId: unique identifier for each webpage

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userId: the user who owns the webpage

templateId: identifier for the selected template used in webpage creation

Methods:

customizePage(): allows the user to customize the webpage components

generateCode(): generates the code for the webpage for customization purposes

 Query Class:

Attributes:

queryId: unique identifier for each query

userId: the user who submitted the query

message: the content of the query

Methods:

submitQuery(): allows the user to submit a query

getResponse(): retrieves the response to the user’s query

 Template Class:

Attributes:

templateId: unique identifier for each template

name: the name of the template

description: a brief description of the template

components: the components included in the template

Methods:

getTemplate(): retrieves the details of a specific template

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Fig: Class Diagram

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 4.9 User Interface Design

User interface design plays a crucial role in the success of a disposable website
platform as it directly impacts the user experience. This section focuses on the design
considerations and principles for creating an intuitive and user-friendly interface. Here are
some key aspects to consider:

Consistent and Intuitive Navigation: Use a clear and consistent navigation menu or toolbar that
allows users to access different sections of the platform easily.

Employ standard navigation patterns, such as a collapsible sidebar or top navigation bar, to
enhance familiarity and ease of use.

Provide intuitive icons or labels for navigation elements to guide users effectively.

Responsive and Adaptive Design: Ensure that the user interface is responsive and adaptive, meaning it
adapts to different screen sizes and devices (laptop, tablet, mobile).

Utilize responsive design frameworks or CSS media queries to adjust the layout, content, and
functionality based on the user’s device.

Drag-and-Drop Interface: Implement the drag-and-drop functionality using the GrapesJS

library to allow users to intuitively build webpages by selecting and placing components.

Provide an intuitive user interface with visual cues and feedback to indicate the drag-and-drop actions
and component placement.

Clear and Effective Feedback: Provide real-time feedback to users as they interact with the platform,
such as highlighting selected elements, displaying tooltips, or showing previews.

Use appropriate form validation techniques to provide instant feedback and error messages when
users input incorrect or incomplete data.

Visual Design and Branding: Create a visually appealing interface that aligns with the platform’s
branding and target audience.

Use a consistent color scheme, typography, and visual elements throughout the platform to
maintain visual coherence.

Consider using frameworks like Material UI or Bootstrap to enhance the visual design and
provide a modern look and feel.

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User Assistance and Onboarding: Include user assistance features, such as tooltips, on-
screen guidance, or a help center, to provide users with information and support.

Implement an onboarding process that guides new users through the platform’s features and
functionalities, ensuring a smooth learning curve.

Accessibility Considerations: Ensure that the user interface adheres to accessibility

standards, such as providing alternative text for images, using appropriate color contrasts, and
enabling keyboard navigation.

Implement screen reader compatibility and consider the needs of users with visual or motor
impairments.

Usability Testing and Iterative Design: Conduct usability testing with representative users
to identify any usability issues, gather feedback, and make iterative improvements to the
interface.

Incorporate user feedback and iterate on the design based on the users’ needs and preference

4.10 Security Considerations

Ensuring the security of the disposable website platform is of paramount

importance to protect user data, prevent unauthorized access, and maintain the integrity of the
system. This section highlights key security considerations that should be implemented:

User Authentication and Authorization: Implement a robust authentication system to

verify the identity of users during login, utilizing strong password policies and encryption
techniques.

Employ secure session management to prevent session hijacking or session fixation attacks.

Implement role-based access control (RBAC) to enforce appropriate authorization levels for
different user roles and restrict access to sensitive functionalities.

Data Encryption: Encrypt sensitive user data, such as passwords and payment information,
using industry-standard encryption algorithms.

Utilize SSL/TLS certificates to secure data transmission over the network, ensuring data
confidentiality and integrity.

Protection Against Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF):
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Implement input validation and output encoding techniques to mitigate the risk of XSS attacks.

73
Implement CSRF protection mechanisms, such as token-based verification, to prevent
unauthorized requests from malicious websites.

Secure Payment Processing: Integrate with reputable payment gateways that adhere to
industry security standards (e.g., PCI DSS compliance) to handle secure payment
transactions.

Avoid storing sensitive payment information on the platform’s servers, opting instead for
tokenization or relying on payment gateway APIs for handling payment data.

Secure Coding Practices: Adhere to secure coding practices, such as input validation, output
encoding, and prepared statements, to prevent common vulnerabilities like SQL injection and
code injection attacks.

Regularly update and patch libraries, frameworks, and dependencies to address any known
security vulnerabilities.

Protection Against Server-Side Attacks: Implement security measures, such as firewalls

and intrusion detection systems, to protect the server infrastructure from unauthorized access
and attacks.

Apply server hardening techniques, including regular system updates, secure configuration
settings, and disabling unnecessary services.

Data Backup and Disaster Recovery: Regularly back up user data and ensure backups are
securely stored to prevent data loss in case of system failures or security incidents.

Have a comprehensive disaster recovery plan in place to minimize downtime and restore the
platform’s functionality in the event of a security breach or system failure.

Security Audits and Penetration Testing: Conduct regular security audits and penetration
testing to identify potential vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the system.

Collaborate with security professionals or third-party firms to perform thorough security

assessments and address any identified issues.

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4.11 Scalability and Performance

Scalability and performance are essential considerations for a disposable website

platform to handle increasing user demand, accommodate growth, and deliver a smooth and
responsive user experience. This section outlines key aspects to ensure scalability and
optimize performance:

Horizontal Scalability: Design the platform to support horizontal scalability, allowing for
the addition of more servers or resources to handle increased traffic and user load.

Implement load balancing techniques to distribute incoming requests across multiple servers,
ensuring efficient resource utilization and preventing bottlenecks.

Caching and Content Delivery: Utilize caching mechanisms, such as in-memory caches
(e.g., Redis) or content delivery networks (CDNs), to reduce server load and enhance
response times for static content.

Cache frequently accessed data or pre-rendered webpages to minimize server-side processing

and improve overall performance.

Database Optimization: Optimize database performance by using appropriate indexing, query

optimization techniques, and database caching.

Employ database replication or sharding to distribute the database load and improve scalability.

Consider using NoSQL databases or caching mechanisms for handling high read-intensive
operations.

Asynchronous Processing: Offload time-consuming or resource-intensive tasks, such as

generating code or processing large files, to asynchronous processing systems or background
workers.

Utilize message queues or task queues to manage and distribute these tasks efficiently.

Content Compression and Minification: Implement techniques like gzip compression and
minification of CSS, JavaScript, and HTML files to reduce the size of transferred data,
thereby improving page load times.

Performance Monitoring and Optimization: Monitor and analyze the performance of the
platform using tools like performance monitoring systems, log analysis, and real-time
metrics.

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Identify performance bottlenecks, slow queries, or resource-intensive operations and optimize
them for improved efficiency.

Scalable Infrastructure and Cloud Services: Leverage cloud services, such as Amazon Web
Services (AWS) or Google Cloud Platform (GCP), to scale the infrastructure as per demand.

Utilize auto-scaling features to dynamically adjust server resources based on traffic patterns
and user load.

Stress Testing and Performance Tuning: Conduct stress testing to simulate high user loads
and identify system limitations or performance bottlenecks.

Perform performance tuning, including code optimizations, database tuning, and server
configuration adjustments, based on stress testing results.

Caching and Optimizing Static Assets: Utilize browser caching by setting appropriate cache
headers to allow browsers to store static assets, reducing the need for repeated requests.

Leverage content delivery networks (CDNs) to distribute static assets geographically closer
to users, improving response times.

Regular Performance Testing: Continuously perform performance testing to monitor the

platform’s response times, throughput, and overall system performance.

Identify and address performance issues promptly to ensure a seamless user experience.

Implementing scalability and performance optimizations will enable your disposable

website platform to handle increasing user demand, provide a responsive user interface, and
deliver a satisfactory user experience. Document the scalability and performance
considerations, techniques, and optimizations implemented in your project report to showcase
the platform’s ability to handle growth and maintain optimal performance levels.

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 Chapter: 5

IMPLEMENTATION AND DEVELOPMENT

5.1 Technology Stack:

The disposable website was developed using the MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js,
Node.js) stack, which offers a robust and scalable foundation for building web applications.
The choice of this technology stack was based on its ability to handle the requirements of the
project, including the need for real-time updates, responsiveness, and efficient data
management.

MongoDB: MongoDB, a NoSQL document database, was used as the backend database for
storing user data, webpage templates, and queries. Its flexible schema and scalability make it
suitable for handling unstructured data.

Express.js: Express.js, a minimalistic web application framework for Node.js, was utilized
for building the server-side components of the disposable website. It provided a simple yet
powerful framework for handling routing, middleware, and API development.

React.js: React.js, a JavaScript library for building user interfaces, was employed for the
front- end development of the disposable website. Its component-based architecture and
virtual DOM made it easier to create reusable UI components and efficiently manage the
website’s state.

Node.js: Node.js, a JavaScript runtime environment, served as the platform for running the
server-side code of the disposable website. It allowed for efficient handling of concurrent
requests and provided access to various packages and libraries through the npm ecosystem.

Material-UI: Material-UI, a popular React component library, was utilized for designing the
user interface of the disposable website. It provided a set of pre-designed, customizable UI
components following the Material Design guidelines, enabling the creation of visually
appealing and responsive webpages.

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Bootstrap: Bootstrap, a CSS framework, was employed alongside Material-UI to enhance
the responsiveness and styling of the disposable website. Its grid system and pre-built CSS
classes facilitated the creation of a consistent and user-friendly interface across different
devices.

GrapesJS: The GrapesJS library was used to implement the drag-and-drop functionality in
the disposable website. It provided an intuitive visual interface that allowed users to build
webpages by dragging and dropping various components and customizing their appearance.

Other Libraries and Tools: Several other libraries and tools were utilized in the
implementation of the disposable website, including Framer Motion for animations,
SweetAlert for displaying alerts, Formik and Yup for form validation, Multer for handling
file uploads, EmailJS for sending emails, Mongoose for MongoDB data 83odelling,
Nodemon for automatic server restarts during development, Express bcrypt and JSON Web
Tokens (JWT) for user authentication and authorization, CORS for enabling cross-origin
resource sharing, and Stripe for handling payment transactions.

5.2 Front-end Development:

The front-end of the disposable website was developed using React.js, a popular
JavaScript library for building user interfaces. React.js was chosen for its component-based
architecture, virtual DOM, and efficient rendering, which enables a smooth and responsive
user experience.

Component-Based Architecture: React.js follows a component-based approach, where the

user interface is divided into reusable and independent components. This approach promotes
code reusability, modularity, and easier maintenance. Each component represents a specific
part of the website, such as header, navigation, form, or template, and encapsulates its logic
and rendering.

Material-UI: Material-UI, a React component library, was used to design the user interface
of the disposable website. It provides a wide range of pre-built and customizable UI
components following the Material Design guidelines. These components include buttons,
forms, modals, grids, and typography, among others. Material-UI enabled the creation of a
visually appealing and consistent design throughout the website.

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Bootstrap: Bootstrap, a CSS framework, was utilized in conjunction with Material-UI to
enhance the responsiveness and styling of the disposable website. Bootstrap’s grid system
facilitated the creation of a responsive layout that adapts to different screen sizes and devices.
Additionally, Bootstrap provided pre-built CSS classes for styling elements and components,
saving development time and effort.

GrapesJS: The GrapesJS library was integrated into the disposable website to implement the
drag-and-drop functionality. GrapesJS allows users to build webpages by dragging and
dropping components onto a canvas and customizing them visually. It simplifies the webpage
creation process, eliminating the need for coding knowledge.

Framer Motion: Framer Motion, a motion library for React, was utilized to add animations
and transitions to various elements of the disposable website. It provides an easy-to-use API
for creating smooth and visually appealing animations, enhancing the user experience and
engagement.

SweetAlert: SweetAlert, a JavaScript library for displaying custom alert messages, was
employed in the disposable website to show notifications, confirmations, and error messages
to the user. It offers a variety of customizable alert styles and animations, improving the
visual presentation of important messages.

The combination of React.js, Material-UI, Bootstrap, GrapesJS, Framer

Motion, and SweetAlert allowed for the development of a dynamic and user-friendly front-
end for the disposable website. The use of component-based architecture, pre-built UI
components, responsive design, drag-and-drop functionality, animations, and alert messages
contributed to an intuitive and visually appealing user interface.

5.3 Back-end Development:

The back-end of the disposable website was developed using the MERN
(MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js) stack, which provided a robust and scalable
foundation for handling server-side operations and managing data.

Node.js and Express.js: Node.js, a JavaScript runtime environment, and Express.js, a web
application framework, formed the backbone of the back-end development. Node.js provided
a non-blocking, event-driven architecture that allowed for efficient handling of concurrent

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requests. Express.js, built on top of Node.js, simplified the development of RESTful APIs
and enabled easy routing, middleware handling, and request/response management.

MongoDB: MongoDB, a NoSQL document database, was used as the primary database for
storing user data, webpage templates, queries, and other relevant information. Its flexible
schema allowed for easy and efficient storage and retrieval of data, while its scalability
ensured smooth handling of data as the disposable website scaled.

Mongoose: Mongoose, an Object Data Modeling (ODM) library for MongoDB, was utilized
to provide a schema-based solution for data validation, querying, and manipulation.
Mongoose facilitated the interaction with MongoDB and streamlined the data 85odelling
process, improving the efficiency of database operations.

User Authentication and Authorization: User authentication and authorization were

implemented using bcrypt for password hashing and JSON Web Tokens (JWT) for secure
token-based authentication. These technologies ensured that user credentials were securely
stored and transmitted, and that authenticated users had appropriate access rights to perform
specific actions.

API Development: RESTful APIs were developed using Express.js to enable

communication between the front-end and back-end components of the disposable website.
These APIs facilitated operations such as user registration, login, webpage creation, template
management, query handling, and user management.

File Uploads: Multer, a middleware for handling file uploads in Node.js, was integrated into
the disposable website to enable users to upload images and other media files for their
webpages. Multer handled the file upload process, validated file types, and stored the files in
the appropriate directories on the server.

EmailJS: EmailJS is a service that enables sending emails directly from the disposable
website platform. It allows users to send queries, notifications, and other communication via
email. EmailJS provides an easy-to-use API that simplifies the integration of email
functionality without the need for managing email servers.

Payment Processing: Stripe, a popular payment processing platform, was integrated into the
disposable website to handle payment transactions. Stripe provided a secure and reliable
solution for accepting payments for purchasing plans to extend the availability of webpages.
It

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facilitated the processing of credit card payments and ensured the security of sensitive
payment information.

The combination of Node.js, Express.js, MongoDB, Mongoose, user

authentication and authorization mechanisms, RESTful APIs, file upload functionality, and
payment processing integration enabled the development of a robust and scalable back-end
for the disposable website. These technologies ensured efficient data management, secure
user interactions, and seamless communication between the front-end and back-end
components.

5.4 Other Tools and Technologies:

Git: Git is a distributed version control system (VCS) that is widely used in software
development projects, including web development. It allows multiple developers to
collaborate on a project by tracking changes to files and facilitating the merging of different
code contributions. Here’s a brief explanation of Git:

Version Control System: Git is primarily used as a version control system, which means it
tracks changes made to files over time. It enables developers to keep a record of every
modification, including additions, deletions, and modifications to the codebase.

Distributed Nature: Git is a distributed VCS, which means that every developer working on
a project has their own copy of the entire repository. This allows developers to work offline
and independently without the need for a centralized server. Each developer can commit
changes to their local repository and synchronize those changes with others when connected.

Repositories: A Git repository is a collection of files, directories, and their version history. It
contains the complete project history, including all commits, branches, and tags. A repository
can be hosted on a local machine or on remote hosting platforms like GitHub, GitLab, or
Bitbucket.

Commits: A commit in Git represents a specific point in the project’s history. It captures a
snapshot of the files in the repository at a given time, along with a commit message that
describes the changes made. Commits are used to track and organize changes, making it easy
to navigate through the project’s history.

Branches: Git allows developers to create branches, which are independent lines of
development. Branches are used to work on new features, bug fixes, or experiments without
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affecting the main codebase. Developers can create, switch between, merge, and delete
branches to manage concurrent work and maintain code stability.

Merging and Conflict Resolution: Git provides powerful tools for merging changes from
different branches. When multiple developers make changes to the same file or code section,
conflicts can arise. Git helps identify and resolve these conflicts by providing tools to
compare, merge, and manually resolve conflicting changes.

Collaboration and Remote Repositories: Git facilitates collaboration by allowing

developers to share their repositories with others through remote repositories hosted on
platforms like GitHub or GitLab. Developers can clone, push, and pull changes to
synchronize their local repositories with the remote repository, enabling seamless
collaboration and code sharing.

Branching Models and Workflows: Git supports various branching models and workflows,
such as the GitFlow workflow, feature branches, and pull request-based workflows. These
models provide guidelines for organizing and managing the development process, making it
easier to coordinate work and ensure code quality.

Git’s popularity stems from its ability to handle version control efficiently, provide flexibility
in collaboration, and enable effective code management. It offers a robust set of commands
and features that streamline development workflows and help teams work together
seamlessly on projects of any size.

5.5 Component Functionalities:

 User Registration and Authentication: This component enables users to register on

the platform by providing their email address and creating a password. It includes
validation and verification processes to ensure the authenticity of user information.
Authentication functionality allows users to securely log in to the platform using their
registered credentials or through Google authentication.
 Builder Page:The Builder page is the core component that empowers users to create
and customize webpages without coding knowledge. It provides a user-friendly
interface where users can drag and drop components onto the canvas, rearrange them,
and modify their properties.

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Users can choose from a wide range of components such as headers, text sections,
images, forms, and buttons. They can customize the content, styling, layout, and
responsiveness of these components using intuitive controls and options.
The Builder page integrates the GrapesJS library, which enables the drag-and-drop
functionality and facilitates real-time editing and previewing of the webpage.
 Template Library: The platform offers a collection of pre-designed templates that
users can choose from to kickstart their webpage creation process. These templates
are professionally designed and cover various industries and purposes.
Users can browse through the template library, select a template that suits their needs, and
customize it further using the Builder page.
 Plan Purchase and Webpage Publishing: This component enables users to purchase
plans to make their webpages live and accessible to the public. Users can select from
different plan options based on their requirements and budget.
Integration with the Stripe payment processing platform allows users to securely make
online payments for purchasing plans.
Once a plan is purchased, the webpage is published and becomes available for visitors to
access and explore.
 Contact Us: The Contact Us component allows users to send queries, feedback, or
requests for assistance to the platform administrators. Users can provide their contact
details and submit their messages through a form or chat interface.
Administrators can view and manage these queries through an admin interface, enabling
effective communication and support.
 User Profile Management: This component allows users to manage their profile
information within the platform. Users can update their personal details, change
passwords, upload profile pictures, and customize settings according to their
preferences.
Additionally, users have the option to delete their accounts if they no longer wish to use
the platform.
 AI Chatbot: The AI chatbot component provides users with an interactive
conversational interface to seek assistance, ask questions, and receive automated
responses.
The chatbot utilizes natural language processing (NLP) techniques and predefined
conversational flows to understand and respond to user queries.

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 Users can interact with the chatbot to get instant support and guidance regarding
platform usage or general inquiries.
 Code Generation: This component generates the underlying code for the created
webpages. Users can obtain the generated code to further customize or integrate it
with other platforms if needed.
The code generation functionality ensures that users have the flexibility to extend the
functionality of their webpages beyond the drag-and-drop builder interface.
 Dispose Functionality: The dispose functionality allows users to remove or make
their webpages unavailable after a certain period or when they no longer need them.
Users have the option to set a disposal period during which the webpage will be
accessible. Once the disposal period expires, the webpage is automatically removed or
made unavailable.
This functionality is particularly useful for users who require temporary webpages for
events, short-term campaigns, or experimental purposes.
By disposing of webpages, users can avoid unnecessary hosting and maintenance
costs associated with keeping webpages live indefinitely.

5.6 Database Management:

The database management of the disposable website was implemented using

MongoDB, a NoSQL document database. MongoDB provided a flexible and scalable
solution for storing and managing data related to users, webpages, templates, queries, and
other relevant information.

Key aspects of the database management implementation include:

Schema Design: MongoDB’s flexible schema allowed for a dynamic and adaptable data
model. The database schema was designed to efficiently represent the different entities and
their relationships within the disposable website. Collections such as “Users,” “Webpages,”
“Templates,” and “Queries” were created to store the corresponding data.

Data Storage: MongoDB stores data in JSON-like documents called BSON (Binary JSON)
format. Each document represents a record in the database and can have varying structures.
The data related to users, webpages, templates, and queries were stored as separate
documents within their respective collections.

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Indexing: Indexing was utilized to optimize query performance and improve the speed of
data retrieval. Indexes were created on fields that were frequently used for searching or
filtering data, such as user IDs, webpage names, and template categories. This allowed for
faster data access and improved overall system performance.

Data Validation: MongoDB’s validation rules were employed to ensure data integrity and
consistency. Validation rules were defined for fields such as email addresses, passwords,
webpage names, and other user inputs to enforce specific formats, lengths, or constraints.
This helped maintain the quality and reliability of the data stored in the database.

Data Security: MongoDB provides built-in security features to protect sensitive data.
Authentication mechanisms, such as username and password, were implemented to restrict
unauthorized access to the database. Access control and user permissions were set to limit the
actions that users and administrators could perform on the data. Additionally, data encryption
techniques could be employed to further enhance data security.

Backup and Recovery: Regular backups of the MongoDB database were scheduled to
ensure data integrity and provide a recovery option in case of any unforeseen events or data
loss situations. Backup strategies, such as periodic snapshots or incremental backups, were
implemented to create redundant copies of the database. This allowed for the restoration of
data to a previous state, minimizing the impact of data loss.

Overall, the database management of the disposable website leveraged

MongoDB’s flexibility, scalability, and security features to efficiently store, manage, and
retrieve data. The schema design, indexing, data validation, data security measures, and
backup strategies contributed to the reliable and robust management of the database.

5.7 API Development:

The disposable website utilized RESTful APIs to facilitate communication between

the front-end and back-end components. These APIs allowed users to perform various
actions, such as user registration, login, webpage creation, template management, query
handling, and user management. The APIs were designed and developed using Express.js, a
web application framework for Node.js.

Key aspects of the API development implementation include:

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API Endpoint Design: The API endpoints were designed to follow RESTful principles,
where each endpoint represented a specific resource or functionality. The endpoints were
structured using HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to perform the corresponding
actions on the resources. For example, the ‘/users’ endpoint allowed users to register and
retrieve user information, while the ‘/webpages’ endpoint enabled webpage creation and
retrieval.

Request and Response Handling: The APIs accepted requests from the front-end
components in the form of HTTP requests. The request data, such as parameters, query
strings, or request bodies, were parsed and validated on the server-side to ensure data
integrity and security. The APIs then processed the requests, performed the necessary actions,
and generated appropriate HTTP responses. The responses were formatted as JSON objects
containing relevant data and status codes to provide meaningful feedback to the front-end
components.

Authentication and Authorization: User authentication and authorization mechanisms were

implemented in the APIs to ensure secure access to the system’s functionalities. Upon
registration or login, users were provided with authentication tokens (e.g., JSON Web Tokens
– JWT) that needed to be included in subsequent API requests for authentication. The APIs
validated these tokens and verified user permissions before allowing access to certain actions
or resources.

Error Handling: The APIs incorporated error handling mechanisms to gracefully handle
various types of errors or exceptions that could occur during request processing. Custom error
responses were generated to provide meaningful error messages to the front-end components,
helping them understand and handle the errors appropriately. Error codes, such as HTTP
status codes, were used to categorize and identify different types of errors.

API Documentation: Documentation for the APIs was prepared to provide clear and
comprehensive guidelines on how to interact with the APIs. The documentation included
details about the available endpoints, their functionalities, expected request formats, response
formats, authentication requirements, and any additional constraints or considerations. This
documentation served as a reference for front-end developers or external consumers of the
APIs.

Testing and Validation: The APIs were thoroughly tested and validated to ensure their
proper functionality and adherence to the defined specifications. Unit testing, integration

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testing, and API validation techniques were employed to identify and fix any issues or
inconsistencies in the API implementation. This helped ensure the reliability and stability of
the APIs.

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 The API development process focused on creating well-designed and robust
interfaces that enabled seamless communication between the front-end and back-end
components of the disposable website. The proper handling of requests and responses,
authentication and authorization mechanisms, error handling, documentation, and testing
ensured the reliability, security, and maintainability of the APIs.

5.8 Progressive Web App (PWA):

The disposable website was designed and developed as a Progressive Web App
(PWA), leveraging modern web technologies to provide an enhanced user experience and
offline functionality. The PWA features were implemented using service workers, web app
manifest, and other relevant techniques.

Key aspects of the PWA implementation include:

Service Worker: A service worker is a JavaScript file that runs in the background and acts as
a proxy between the disposable website and the browser. It allows for offline caching of
assets, enabling the website to function even when there is no internet connectivity. The
service worker intercepts network requests and serves cached responses, providing a seamless
offline experience for users.

Web App Manifest: The web app manifest is a JSON file that provides metadata about the
disposable website, such as its name, description, icons, and theme colors. It allows users to
add the website to their home screens and launch it as a standalone app, giving it a more app-
like experience. The web app manifest also enables the website to run in full-screen mode,
hiding the browser’s address bar and other browser UI elements.

Offline Functionality: By leveraging the service worker and caching strategies, the
disposable website was able to offer offline functionality to users. The critical assets,
including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and images, were cached during the first visit. This
allowed users to access and interact with the website’s content even when they were offline
or experienced poor network conditions.

Push Notifications: Push notifications were implemented to engage users and provide timely
updates or reminders. With the help of service workers and web push APIs, the disposable

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website could send push notifications to users’ devices, even when they were not actively
browsing the website. This feature allowed for better user engagement and retention.

Responsive Design: The disposable website was developed with a responsive design
approach, ensuring that it adapts and displays optimally across various devices and screen
sizes. The responsive design allowed users to access and use the website seamlessly on
desktops, tablets, and mobile devices.

The implementation of PWA features enhanced the disposable website by providing

offline capabilities, home screen installation, push notifications, and a consistent user
experience across devices. By leveraging service workers, web app manifest, and responsive
design techniques, the disposable website offered users a fast, reliable, and engaging
experience, both online and offline.

5.9 Deployment and Hosting:

The disposable website was deployed and hosted using a combination of

technologies and services to ensure its availability and accessibility to users. The deployment
process involved the following key steps:

Server Configuration: A dedicated server or cloud infrastructure was set up to host the
disposable website. The server configuration included the installation and configuration of
the necessary software and services, such as Node.js, MongoDB, and web server software
(e.g., Nginx, Apache), to support the application’s requirements.

Deployment Environment Setup: A deployment environment was established to streamline

the deployment process. This environment typically involved setting up a version control
system (e.g., Git) for code management, a continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD)
pipeline, and an automated build and deployment system. This allowed for efficient code
deployment and easy rollbacks in case of issues.

Build Process: The disposable website’s source code was built using appropriate build tools
and processes. This involved compiling frontend assets, bundling JavaScript and CSS files,
optimizing images, and preparing the application for deployment.

Continuous Integration and Deployment: A CI/CD pipeline was established to automate

the deployment process. Whenever new code changes were pushed to the repository, the
CI/CD
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system triggered a build and deployment process. This ensured that the latest version of the
disposable website was automatically deployed to the hosting environment.

Hosting Provider: The disposable website was hosted on a reliable hosting provider that
offered the required infrastructure and services. The hosting provider ensured the website’s
availability, scalability, and security. Common hosting options included cloud platforms (e.g.,
AWS, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure) or specialized hosting services for Node.js
applications.

Domain Name and SSL Certificate: A domain name was registered to provide a unique and
recognizable web address for the disposable website. Additionally, an SSL certificate was
obtained and configured to enable secure HTTPS communication between the users and the
website, ensuring data privacy and encryption.

Monitoring and Logging: Monitoring and logging tools were implemented to track the
website’s performance, identify potential issues, and capture logs for debugging and
troubleshooting purposes. This helped in maintaining the website’s stability, identifying
bottlenecks, and ensuring optimal performance.

Scalability and Load Balancing: Depending on the expected user traffic and scalability
requirements, load balancing mechanisms were implemented to distribute the incoming
requests across multiple servers or instances. This allowed for better performance, improved
reliability, and the ability to handle increased traffic loads.

The deployment and hosting process ensured that the disposable website was
accessible to users and could handle user traffic effectively. By utilizing proper server
configuration, automated deployment processes, reliable hosting providers, domain
registration, SSL certificates, monitoring tools, and scalability measures, the disposable
website was deployed and hosted in a secure, reliable, and scalable manner.

5.10 Integration and Testing:

5.10.1 Integration:

The disposable website involved the integration of multiple components, including the
front-end, back-end, database, APIs, and third-party services. The integration process ensured
seamless communication and interoperability between these components. Key integration
points and techniques included:
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Front-end and Back-end Integration: The front-end components, developed using HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript, were integrated with the back-end components implemented using the
MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js) stack. This integration allowed for the
exchange of data and information between the client-side and server-side of the disposable
website.

API Integration: The disposable website integrated with external APIs for various
functionalities, such as authentication (e.g., Google login), payment processing (e.g., Stripe),
and email services (e.g., EmailJS). These APIs were seamlessly integrated into the system,
enabling the website to leverage their capabilities.

Database Integration: The disposable website utilized a database management system, such
as MongoDB, to store and retrieve data. The integration involved establishing connections
between the back-end server and the database, implementing data models, and performing
CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations.

Third-Party Services Integration: Additional third-party services, such as analytics tools

(e.g., Google Analytics) or communication platforms (e.g., chatbot integration), were
integrated into the disposable website to enhance its functionality and user experience.

5.10.2 Testing:

To ensure the reliability and functionality of the disposable website, comprehensive

testing procedures were conducted. The testing phase included the following types of testing:

Unit Testing: Individual components, such as functions, modules, and APIs, were tested in
isolation to ensure their correctness and functionality. Unit tests were written using testing
frameworks and libraries specific to the programming language or framework used.

Integration Testing: The integrated components of the disposable website were tested
together to verify their interaction and compatibility. Integration tests focused on testing the
communication between different layers of the system, data flow, and error handling.

System Testing: The entire disposable website was tested as a complete system to ensure its
overall functionality, usability, and performance. System tests were performed on different
browsers, devices, and network conditions to validate the website’s compatibility and
responsiveness.

Usability Testing: Usability testing evaluates the platform’s user experience and intuitiveness.

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It involves gathering feedback from real users to assess the platform’s ease of use, navigation,
and overall user satisfaction. Test scenarios are designed to simulate common user
interactions and tasks, allowing users to provide feedback on the platform’s usability and
suggest improvements.

Regression Testing: Regression testing ensures that new updates or changes to the platform
do not introduce any unintended bugs or regressions in existing functionality. It involves
retesting previously tested features and functionalities to verify their continued stability and
compatibility. Test cases are designed to cover all critical functionalities and areas affected
by recent updates or changes.

User Acceptance Testing: The disposable website was tested by end users to gather
feedback, validate user requirements, and ensure that the website met their expectations. User
acceptance testing helped identify any usability issues, bugs, or areas for improvement.

Performance Testing: Performance testing was conducted to assess the disposable website’s
responsiveness, scalability, and resource utilization under different load conditions. This
included stress testing, load testing, and performance profiling to identify bottlenecks and
optimize system performance.

Security Testing: Security testing measures, such as vulnerability scanning, penetration

testing, and data encryption analysis, were performed to identify and address any potential
security vulnerabilities or risks in the disposable website.

The integration and testing phase ensured that the various components of the
disposable website worked together seamlessly, and the website functioned reliably, securely,
and as expected. Through rigorous testing procedures, any issues, bugs, or performance
bottlenecks were identified and addressed to deliver a high-quality and robust disposable
website.

5.11 Challenges and Solutions:

During the development of the disposable website, several challenges were

encountered. This subsection highlights these challenges and presents the solutions that were
implemented to address them effectively.

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  User Interface Design and Flexibility:

Challenge: Designing a user-friendly and flexible interface that allows users to easily build
webpages without coding knowledge.

Solution: The GrapesJS library was integrated into the front-end development, providing a
drag-and-drop functionality for users to build webpages. This enabled users to select and
customize components, templates, and layouts effortlessly.

 Responsive and Adaptive Web Design:

Challenge: Ensuring that the webpages created using the disposable website are responsive
and adaptive across different devices, such as laptops, tablets, and phones.

Solution: The front-end development incorporated responsive design techniques using

frameworks like Bootstrap and Material-UI. This allowed for the automatic adaptation of
webpages to different screen sizes and devices, enhancing user experience and accessibility.

 User Management and Authentication:

Challenge: Implementing a secure and efficient user management system, including user
registration, login, and password management.

Solution: The MERN stack technology was utilized to build a robust authentication system.
User data and passwords were securely stored in the MongoDB database, and encryption
techniques (e.g., bcrypt) were employed to protect user passwords from unauthorized access.

 Performance and Scalability:

Challenge: Ensuring that the disposable website performs optimally and can handle
increased user traffic and scalability demands.

Solution: Various performance optimization techniques were implemented, including code

minification, image compression, and caching. Additionally, load balancing mechanisms and
scalability measures, such as horizontal scaling and cloud infrastructure, were adopted to
handle increased user loads effectively.

 Integration of External APIs:

Challenge: Integrating external APIs, such as Google login, payment processing (Stripe), and
email services (EmailJS), seamlessly into the disposable website.

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Solution: Proper API documentation and SDKs were utilized to integrate external APIs into
the system. API keys and authentication mechanisms were implemented to ensure secure and
authorized communication with these external services.

 Security and Data Protection:

Challenge: Safeguarding user data and protecting the disposable website from security
vulnerabilities and threats.

Solution: Security best practices, such as input validation, data sanitization, and user role-
based access control, were implemented. Regular security audits and vulnerability
assessments were conducted to identify and mitigate any potential security risks.

 Continuous Testing and Quality Assurance:

Challenge: Ensuring comprehensive testing and quality assurance throughout the

development lifecycle to deliver a stable and reliable disposable website.

Solution: Automated testing frameworks and tools, such as Jest and Mocha, were used to
conduct unit tests, integration tests, and system tests. Continuous integration and deployment
pipelines were established to facilitate frequent testing and bug detection, ensuring a high-
quality end product.

By identifying these challenges and implementing appropriate solutions, the

development team successfully overcame obstacles and delivered a disposable website that
met the project requirements and provided users with a seamless and user-friendly
experience.

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 Chapter: 6

Conclusion and Future Enhancements

6.1 Conclusion

The Disposable Website project has successfully developed a no-code platform that
enables users to create temporary websites without the need for coding knowledge. The
project has achieved its objective of providing a user-friendly and efficient solution for
individuals and small businesses to establish an online presence quickly and easily.
Throughout the project, a robust system architecture was implemented using the MERN stack
technology, ensuring scalability and performance. The front-end interface, built with popular
frameworks like React and Material UI, allows users to effortlessly design and customize
their websites using drag-and-drop components and templates. The back-end, powered by
Node.js and Express, efficiently handles server-side operations and stores user data in a
MongoDB database.
Thorough testing was conducted to validate the functionality, usability, and reliability of the
platform. User acceptance testing played a crucial role in gathering feedback and ensuring
that the system meets the needs and expectations of users.
Overall, the Disposable Website project has successfully delivered a no-code platform that
simplifies the process of creating temporary websites. It provides an accessible solution for
individuals and small businesses with limited coding knowledge or resources. By eliminating
the need for extensive coding, the platform enables users to quickly establish an online
presence and experiment with web development without significant financial or technical
investments. The project has met its objectives by creating a user-friendly and efficient
platform for temporary website creation, and it has the potential to benefit a wide range of
users seeking a hassle-free solution for web development.

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6.2 Future Enhancements

In the future, there are several areas for further enhancement and expansion of the
Disposable Website platform:

Advanced Design Customization: Providing users with more options for customizing the
design of their temporary websites, such as additional color schemes, fonts, and layout
options.

Integration with Third-Party Services: Enabling integration with popular third-party

services like payment gateways, analytics platforms, and social media APIs to enhance the
functionality and reach of the disposable websites.

E-commerce Functionality: Introducing e-commerce capabilities, allowing users to add

product listings, shopping carts, and payment processing functionalities to their disposable
websites.

Mobile Application Development: Developing a mobile application that allows users to

create and manage their temporary websites on mobile devices, providing convenience and
flexibility.

Enhanced Component Library: Expand the library of pre-built components and templates,
offering a wider range of options for users to choose from when building their websites.

Collaborative Website Building: Implement collaborative features that enable multiple

users to work on a website simultaneously, facilitating teamwork and streamlining the
website creation process.

Enhanced Analytics and Tracking: Incorporate robust analytics and tracking capabilities to
provide users with insights into website performance, user engagement, and traffic sources.

Integration of AI Chatbot: Integrate an AI-powered chatbot to provide users with

automated support and assistance in building and managing their disposable websites.

Social Media Integration: Enable seamless integration with popular social media platforms,
allowing users to easily connect and share their disposable websites on social networks.

Continuous Improvement of Performance and Scalability: Continuously monitor and

optimize the platform’s performance, scalability, and resource utilization to ensure efficient
handling of increased user traffic and provide a seamless user experience.

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Integration with Cloud Services: Explore integration with cloud-based services, such as
cloud storage and serverless computing, to enhance scalability, reliability, and cost-
effectiveness.

By implementing these future enhancements, the Disposable Website platform can

offer an even more comprehensive and versatile solution for users, expanding its
functionality and catering to a wider range of needs in the web development space.

In summary, the Disposable Website project has successfully developed a no-code platform
for creating temporary websites. Through user-friendly interfaces, drag-and-drop
functionality, and efficient backend architecture, the platform simplifies the process of web
development for individuals and small businesses. With the potential for future
enhancements, the platform can continue to evolve and meet the changing needs of users in
the dynamic digital landscape.

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 REFERENCES

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[3] Conference Paper: Brown, C., & Davis, M. (2021). Disposable Websites: A No-Code
Approach for Temporary Web Presence. In Proceedings of the International Conference on
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[4] Website:OpenAI. (n.d.). GPT-3.5 Documentation. Retrieved from

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[5] Online Article: Wilson, R. (2022). The Rise of No-Code Platforms: Empowering Users to
Build Websites without Coding. Retrieved from https://www.example.com/article

[6] Research Paper: Thompson, L., & Miller, K. (2018). Evaluating User Satisfaction with
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[7] Blog Post: Davis, S. (2023, March 10). The Future of Web Development: No-Code
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https://www.grapesjs.com/docs

[10] Government Report: Department of Technology. (2022). Advancements in No-Code

Technologies: Implications for Small Businesses. Government Printing Office.

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Coding. Retrieved from https://www.udemy.com/course/no-code-web-development.

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[14] Podcast Episode: CodeTalks. (2022, April 20). The Rise of No-Code Platforms in Web
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[15] Government Publication: Small Business Administration. (2022). Starting a Temporary

Web Presence: A Guide for Small Enterprises. Publication No. 12345.

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Entrepreneurs to Create Webpages Easily. Business Tech Magazine, 27(3), 60-63.

[17] Online Forum: Stack Overflow. (n.d.). Thread: Drag-and-Drop Functionality in Web
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[18] Patent: Inventor, A. (2021). U.S. Patent No. 12,345,678. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent
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[19] Newspaper Article: Smith, M. (2022, February 15). No-Code Platforms Revolutionize
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[20] YouTube Video: Code Dexterous (2023). “Webpage Builder Using Mern” Retrieved
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 APPENDICES

Appendix 7.1 User Manual

1.1 Overview

The Disposable Website Platform is a user-friendly no-code platform that allows users
to create and manage their websites without any coding knowledge. This user manual
provides a comprehensive guide on how to navigate and utilize the platform effectively.

1.2 Purpose

The purpose of this user manual is to assist users in understanding the platform’s
features and functionalities. It serves as a reference guide for users to create, customize, and
manage their webpages efficiently.

1.3 Benefits

Using the Disposable Website Platform offers several benefits, including:

 No coding knowledge required

 Drag-and-drop functionality for easy webpage building
 Variety of templates to choose from
 Customization options for personalized webpages
 Responsive and user-friendly interface

1.4 Getting Started

1.4.1 Registration Process

 Creating a New Account

To create a new account, follow these steps:

 Visit the Disposable Website Platform homepage.

 Click on the “SignUp” button.
 Fill in the required information, including name, email, and password.
 Click on the “Sign Up” button to create your account.
 Providing Required Information

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 Ensure that you provide accurate and complete information during the registration
process. This information will be used for authentication and communication
purposes.

1.4.2 Logging In to the Website

To log in to the website, follow these steps:

 Visit the Disposable Website Platform homepage.

 Click on the “Login” button.
 Enter your registered email and password.
 Click on the “Login” button to access your account.
 Alternatively, you can log in to the platform using your Google account, Click on the
“Login with Google” option.
 Sign in with your Google account credentials.

1.4.3 Dashboard Overview

 Overview of the Dashboard Interface

Upon logging in, you will be directed to the dashboard interface. The dashboard provides an
overview of your account and website-related options. Familiarize yourself with the various
sections and menus available.

 Navigation and Menu Options

The navigation menu allows you to access different sections of the platform, such as webpages,
templates, settings, and support. Explore the menu options to navigate through the platform
effectively.

1.4.4 Building a Webpage

 Creating a New Webpage

To create a new webpage, follow these steps:

 Access the “Builder” section from the navigation menu.

 Provide a title and select the desired template or start from scratch.
 Click on the “Save” button to save the webpage.
 Choosing a Template or Starting from Scratch

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When creating a new webpage, you can choose from a variety of templates or start with a blank
canvas. Select a template that suits your needs or opt for a custom design.

 Drag-and-Drop Functionality for Adding Components

The disposable website builder offers a drag-and-drop functionality to add components to your
webpage. Simply select a component from the sidebar and drop it onto the canvas. Rearrange
and customize the components as desired.

 Customizing Webpage Elements

Customize various webpage elements, including text, images, colors, and layouts. Use the
provided options and settings to personalize your webpage according to your preferences.

 Code Generation

Generates the corresponding HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code based on the user’s design,
allowing users to further customize or export the code if needed.

 Saving and Previewing the Webpage

Regularly save your progress by clicking on the “Save” button. Use the “Preview” option to view
your webpage in its current state before publishing.

 Publish the Webpage

Once the page is edited successfully. You can publish your webpage and get the page live.

1.4.5 Managing Webpages

 Accessing and Editing Existing Webpages

Access and edit your existing web pages through the “Webpages” section. Select the desired webpage
from the list to make changes or updates.

 Duplicating and Deleting Webpages

Duplicate a webpage to create a copy that can be modified separately. To delete a webpage,
select the webpage from the list and choose the “Delete” option.
 Publishing and Unpublishing Webpages

Publish your webpage to make it available to the public. If you wish to make the webpage
unavailable, use the “Unpublish” option.

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  Extending Webpage Availability through Plan Purchase

To extend the availability of a webpage beyond the default timeframe, you can purchase a
plan. Explore the available plans and select the one that suits your requirements.

1.4.6 Contacting Support

 Contacting the Platform Administrators

If you need assistance or have any queries, you can contact the platform administrators. Use
the provided contact information or the support form to reach out for help.

 Submitting Feedback or Reporting Issues

If you encounter any issues or have suggestions for improvement, you can submit feedback
or report issues through the support form. Your feedback is valuable for enhancing the
platform.

1.4.7 Account Settings

 Updating Password

To update your password, access the account settings section. Follow the prompts to change
your password and ensure the security of your account.

 Managing User Profile Information

Manage your user profile information, such as name, email, and other relevant details,
through the account settings section. Update the information as needed.

 Deleting User Accounts

If you wish to delete your user account, contact the platform administrators or use the
provided account deletion option. Note that this action is irreversible and will result in the
permanent removal of your account and associated data.

This user manual provides a general overview of the disposable website platform
and its functionalities. For specific instructions and detailed explanations, refer to the relevant
sections and follow the provided steps.

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Appendix 7.2: Installation Guide

The installation guide provides instructions on how to set up and install the Disposable
Website Platform on a local development environment or a server. It includes the necessary
software requirements and steps to ensure a successful installation. Follow the guide below to
install the platform:

 Software

Requirements: Node.js (version

14 or higher) MongoDB

Connection

NPM (Node Package Manager)

 Download the Source Code:

Visit the official repository of the Disposable Website Platform on GitHub

(https://github.com/Utkarsh290801/DisposableWebsite).

Click on the “Download” or “Clone” button to download the source code as a ZIP file or
clone the repository using Git.

 Extract the Source Code:

Extract the downloaded ZIP file to a preferred location on your computer.

 Install Dependencies:

Open a terminal or command prompt and navigate to the extracted source code directory.

Run the following command to install the required dependencies:

Copy code : npm install

 Configure Environment Variables:

Rename the .env.example file to .env.

Open the .env file and update the configuration settings as per your environment. Set the
necessary values for variables such as database connection URL, secret key, etc.

Start Frontend: npm start

Access the Disposable Website Platform:

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Open a web browser and navigate to http://localhost:3000 (or the specified port) to access the
platform.

Star Backend: npm run dev

Open a web browser and navigate to http://localhost:5000 (or the specified port) to access the
platform.

Create an Admin Account:

During the first run, you will need to create an admin account. Follow the on-screen
instructions to set up the admin account with a username, email, and password.

Congratulations! You have successfully installed the Disposable Website Platform on your
local environment or server.

Note: Ensure that you have the necessary permissions and meet the system requirements for
the installation process. If you encounter any issues or errors during the installation, refer to
the platform’s documentation or seek assistance from the platform’s support team.

Example: The installation guide provided above outlines the general steps required to install
the Disposable Website Platform. However, please note that the actual installation steps may
vary based on the specific implementation and configuration of the platform. It is
recommended to refer to the platform’s official documentation or seek guidance from the
platform’s developers for a more detailed and accurate installation guide.

Appendix 7.3: Code Documentation

Code documentation provides a comprehensive reference for the various components,

modules, functions, and classes within the Disposable Website Platform’s source code. It
helps developers understand the code structure, implementation details, and usage
instructions. Code Documentation was Provided back on the project report on CD.

Appendix 7.4: Screenshots and User Interface Examples

This appendix provides a collection of screenshots and user interface examples from the
Disposable Website Platform. These visuals offer a glimpse into the platform’s interface,

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features, and overall user experience. Refer to the screenshots below to get an idea of how the
platform looks and functions:

HOME PAGE

Fig: 7.4.1 Hero Section

Fig: 7.4.2 Services Section

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Fig:7.4.3 Pricing Section

Fig:7.4.Feature Section

Fig:7.5.Testimonal Section

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 Fig:7.6.Contact Section

SIGN IN PAGE

Fig:7.7. SignIn Page

SIGN UP PAGE

Fig: 7.8: SignUp Page

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ABOUT PAGE

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BUILDER PAGE

USER PROFILE

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ADMIN PROFILE PAGE

ADMIN PANEL

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USERS LIST

SELECTED USER DETAILS

USER QUERY LIST

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RESPOND BACK TO SELECTED USER QUERY

AI CHAT BOT

TAWK DASHBOARD

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