PRINC IP L E S IN S P E E C H
IN G A N D D E L IV E R Y
WRIT
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
•Identify the principles of speech writing
•Differentiate the stages or processes of
speech writing
•Deliver speech using the principles of
effective speech delivery
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
•Use principles of effective speech
writing focusing on audience profile,
logical organization, duration, word
choice, grammatical and correctness
ACTIVITY 1. LET US WARM UP!
•Directions: put a check on the column that
determines how often you practice what the
statement says. Add the points of each scale
to determine your level of proficiency. Do
this as objectively as possible and bear in
mind that there are no wrong answers.
Description Usually Sometimes Seldom Never
3 point 2 points 1 point 0
1. I am familiar with the
principles of speech writing.
2. I understand the speech
writing process
3. I can differentiate the
stages or processes of speech
writing.
4. I plan my speech effectively
by following the speech
writing process.
Description Usually Sometimes Seldom Never
3 point 2 points 1 point 0
5. I conduct audience
analysis before preparing a
speech.
6. I determine the purpose
of my speech
7. I choose a speech topic
that interests me and my
audience.
Description Usually Sometimes Seldom Never
3 point 2 points 1 point 0
8. I maximize the use of
outlines to make my ideas
coherent.
9. I rehearse my speech prior to
delivery.
10. I edit my speech to improve
the message and the delivery.
TOTAL
GRAND TOTAL
(30 is the highest grand total)
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1.What was your score and level of proficiency in
the activity?
2.What is meant by your score in terms of your
ability to ‘plan”? Why?
3.Do you consider ‘planning’ your speech content
and delivery important in any form of activities
you want to do? Why or why not?
SPEECH WRITING PROCESS
1.1 CONDUCTING AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
Audience analysis entails looking into the
profile of your target audience. This is done
so you can tailor-fit your speech content
and delivery to your audience. The profile
includes the following information.
1.1 CONDUCTING AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
a. Demography determines the interest of the
audience, and will also affect the language style and
formality of the speech
Ex: age range, male-female ratio, educational
background and affiliations or degree program taken,
nationality, economic status, academic or corporate
designations
b. Situation will affect the length of speech, visual aids,
and formality of the situation.
Ex: time, venue, occasion, and size
c. Psychology will let the writer know which appeal to
use and how to situate his/ her text in the context of
the audience.
Ex: (values, beliefs, attitudes, preferences, cultural and
racial ideologies, and needs)
SAMPLE CHECKLIST
1.2 DETERMINING THE PURPOSE OF THE
SPEECH
•The purpose for writing and delivering
the speech can be classified into
three—to inform, to entertain, or to
persuade.
A. An informative speech provides the audience
with a clear understanding of the concept or idea
presented by the speaker.
B. An entertainment speech provides the
audience with amusement.
C. A persuasive speech provides the audience
with well-argued ideas that can influence their
own beliefs and decisions.
1.3 SELECTING A TOPIC
The topic is your focal point of
your speech, which can be
determined once you have decided
on your purpose.
1.3 SELECTING A TOPIC
There are a variety of strategies used
in selecting a topic, such as using your
personal experiences, discussing with
your family members or friends, free
writing, listing, asking questions, or
semantic webbing.
1.4 NARROWING A TOPIC
Narrowing down a topic means
making your main idea more specific
and focused. The strategies in selecting a
topic can also be used when you narrow
down a topic.
1.5 DATA GATHERING
Ø Is the stage where you collect ideas,
information, sources, and references
relevant or related to your specific
topic.
1.4 DATA GATHERING
Ø This can be done by visiting the
library, browsing the web, observing a
certain phenomenon or event related to
your topic, or conducting an interview or
survey.
2.1 SELECTING A WRITING PATTERN
Pattern Description Examples
Biogra- Presents Purpose To inform my audience
phical descriptions about my grandfather,
of your life the late former President
or of a Ramon Magsaysay
person,
famous or Topic Describing the life and
not works of my grandfather,
the late former President
Ramon Magsaysay
Pattern Description Examples
Catego- Presents Purpose To persuade the
rical/ related community members to
Topical categories reduce, reuse, and
supporting recycle as means of
the topic eliminating garbage and
protecting the
environment
Topic Why the community
members should
promote reducing,
reusing, and recycling
Pattern Description Examples
Causal Present Purpose To inform my audience
cause and on the effects of
effect overeating
relationship
Topic Explaining the possible
effects of
overeating to one’s
health
Pattern Description Examples
Chrono- Presents the Purpose To inform my audience
logical idea in time about the significant
order events in the 1986 EDSA
Revolution or People
Power
Topic Describing the
significant events before,
during, and after the
1986 EDSA Revolution
or People Power
Pattern Description Examples
Compari Presents Purpose To persuade the
son/Con comparison/ audience that living in
trast contrast of the Philippines is better
two or three than living in Australia
points
Topic Explaining why the
Philippines is more
habitable than Australia
Pattern Description Examples
Problem- Presents an Purpose To persuade the
Solution identified audience to support the
problem, its educational programs of
causes, and the national government
recommende Topic Explaining the reasons
d solutions for supporting the
government’s
educational programs
seen as the primary
means of increasing the
literacy rate in the
Philippines
2.2 PREPARING AN OUTLINE
An outline is a hierarchical list that
shows the relationship of your ideas. A
good outline helps you see that all the
ideas are in line with your main idea or
message.
2.2 PREPARING AN OUTLINE
Elements of an outline:
üintroduction,
übody,
üand conclusion
2.2 PREPARING AN OUTLINE
vWrite your outline based on how you
want your ideas to develop.
vPreparing an outline is important because
it forms the foundation of the student’s
speech, and keeps the speech coherent and
cohesive.
A. TABLE FORMAT
B. LIST FORMAT
2.3 CREATING THE BODY OF THE SPEECH
The body of the speech provides
explanations, examples, or any details
that can help you deliver your purpose
and explain the main idea of your
speech.
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME STRATEGIES TO
HIGHLIGHT YOUR MAIN IDEA.
üPresent real-life or practical examples
üShow statistics
üPresent comparisons
üShare ideas from the experts or
practitioners
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME STRATEGIES TO
HIGHLIGHT YOUR MAIN IDEA.
The main idea of your speech may also be
presented using a thesis statement
(sentence that expresses a claim or directly
answering a question).
2.4 PREPARING THE INTRODUCTION
The introduction is the foundation of
your speech. Here, your primary goal is to
get the attention of your audience and
present the subject or main idea of your
speech. Your first few words should do so.
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME STRATEGIES.
üUse a real-life experience and connect that
experience to your subject.
üUse practical examples and explain their
connection to your subject.
üStart with a familiar or strong quote and
then explain what it means.
üUse facts or statistics and highlight their
importance to your subject.
üTell a personal story to illustrate your
point.
2.5 PREPARING THE CONCLUSION
The conclusion restates the main
idea of your speech. Furthermore, it
provides a summary, emphasizes the
message, and calls for action.
2.5 PREPARING THE CONCLUSION
While the primary goal of the
introduction is to get the attention of
your audience, the conclusion aims to
leave the audience with a memorable
statement.
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME STRATEGIES.
üBegin your conclusion with a restatement
of your message.
üUse positive examples, encouraging words,
or memorable lines from songs or stories
familiar to your audience.
üAsk a question or series of questions that
can make your audience reflect or ponder.
3.1 EDITING/ REVISING
Editing/Revising your written speech
involves correcting errors in mechanics,
such as grammar, punctuation,
capitalization, unity, coherence, and
others.
USE THE FOLLOWING GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
STATEMENTS WHEN EDITING YOUR WORK.
üEdit for focus
- “So, what’s the point? What’s the
message of the speech?”
- Ensure that everything you have
written, from introduction to conclusion,
is related to your central message.
üEdit for clarity
- “I don’t understand the message
because the examples or supporting details
were confusing.”
- Make all ideas in your speech clear by
arranging them in logical order (e.g., main
idea first then supporting details, or
supporting details first then main idea).
üEdit for concision
- “The speech was all over the place; the
speaker kept talking endlessly as if no one
was listening to him/her.”
- Keep your speech short, simple, and
clear by eliminating unrelated stories and
sentences and by using simple words.
üEdit for continuity
- “The speech was too difficult to follow; I
was lost in the middle.”
- Keep the flow of your presentation
smooth by adding transition words and
phrases.
üEdit for variety
- “I didn’t enjoy the speech because it was
boring.”
- Add spice to your speech by shifting
tone and style from formal to conversational
and vice-versa, moving around the stage, or
adding humor.
üf. Edit for impact and beauty
- “There’s nothing really special about the
speech.”
- Make your speech memorable by using
these strategies: surprise the audience, use
vivid descriptive images, write well-crafted
and memorable lines, and use figures of
speech
3.1 REHEARSING
Rehearsing gives you an
opportunity to identify what works and
what does not work for you and for your
target audience.
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME STRATEGIES.
üreading your speech aloud
ürecording for your own analysis or for your
peers or coaches to give feedback on your
delivery.
SOME GUIDELINES IN SPEECH WRITING
üKeep your words short and simple. Your
speech is meant to be heard by your
audience, not read.
üAvoid jargon, acronyms, or technical
words because they can confuse your
audience.
üMake your speech more personal. Use the
personal pronoun “I,” but take care not to
overuse it. When you need to emphasize
collectiveness with your audience, use the
personal pronoun “we.”
üUse active verbs and contractions because
they add to the personal and conversational
tone of your speech.
üBe sensitive of your audience. Be very
careful with your language, jokes, and
nonverbal cues.
üUse metaphors and other figures of speech
to effectively convey your point.
üManage your time well; make sure that the
speech falls under the time limit.
