Solution
TEST COORDINATION
Class 12 - Chemistry
1.
(c) KFe[Fe(CN)6]
Explanation:
This is a confirmatory test to detect Fe+3 ion in unknown sample. Ferric chloride combines with potassium ferrocyanide
solution to give blue precipitate of potassium ferri ferrocyanide.
FeCl3(aq) + K4[Fe(CN)6] (aq) → KFe[Fe(CN)6](s) + 3KCl(aq)
2. (a) [Co(NH3)4(H2O)Cl]CI2
Explanation:
Tetraamineaquachloridocobalt (III) chloride is [Co(NH3)4(H2O)Cl]Cl2.
Central atom - Cobalt(III)
Coordination sphere ligands-
Tetraammine - 4 NH3 groups neutral ligand
Aqua -1 H2O groups neutral ligand
Chlorido -1 Cl group, negatively charged ligand, one negative charge
Counter ion- Chloride ions, 2
Since Cobalt is 3+, one valency is satisfied with Cl in coordination sphere and 2 by chlorine counter ions.
Hence the formula of the coordination compound is (Co(NH3)4(H2O)CI]CI2.
3.
(c) 0
Explanation:
In the complex Fe(CO)5, take the oxidation number of Fe be x . Carbonyl is a neutral ligand which doesn't have any charge. So
the oxidation number of Fe would be:- = x-0×5 = 0= 0
4.
(c) 3
Explanation:
Hence, the complex is [Co(NH3)6] Cl2. It ionizes in the solution as : Thus, three ions are produced.
5.
(d) Coordination isomerism
Explanation:
[Co(NH3)6] [Cr(CN)6] and [Cr(NH3)6] [Co(CN)6] show Coordination isomerism
6. (a) cis-isomer
Explanation:
In a square planar complex of formula [MX2L2] (X and L are unidentate), the two ligands X may be arranged adjacent to each
other in a cis-isomer. If they are arranged opposite to each other it becomes a trans isomer.
7.
(c) [Fe(C2O4)3]3-
Explanation:
[Fe(C2O4)3]3-
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8. (a) Geometrical isomerism
Explanation:
The given complex is of type [MX3Y3] and such complexes exhibit geometrical isomerism. If three donor atoms of the same
ligands occupy adjacent positions at the corners of the octahedral face, then we have the facial (fac) isomer. When the positions
are around the meridian of the octahedron, we have the meridional (mer) isomer.
9.
(d) sp3d2
Explanation:
Given complex can be written as K3[CoF6]. There are 3 Potassium ions K+ means an overall +3 charge on cations
and so the charge on the complex anion is -3. Each F- ligand has -1 charge so there is a total of -6 charge on ligands. Let
oxidation state of Co (Z=27) be x
x + (-6) = -3
x = -3 + 6 = +3
So, the oxidation state of Co=+3 and its electronic configuration is 1s22s22p63s23p63d6 . Since its, a high spin complex means
there is no pairing of electrons in 3d subshell. The coordination number of Co is 6 as there are 6 ligands bound to it, so this
octahedral complex has hybridization sp3d2.
10.
(b) Cis – Platin
Explanation:
Cis-platin (cis – [Pt(NH3)2(Cl)2]) is a coordination compound used in the treatment of cancer. It inhibits the growth of tumors.
11. [Co(NH3)4 Cl2]+, as the metal is bound to more than one donor group(ligand).
12. Tetraaminedichloridochromium(III) ion
13. i. A ligand several donor atoms. Example-EDTA
ii. A complex in which a metal is bound to only one kind of donor group / ligands. Example-[Co(NH3)6]3+
14. a. NH , cannot act as ligand.
+
Due to the unavailability of lone pair of electrons/cannot act as a Lewis base.
b. Pentaamminenitrito-O-cobalt (III)chloride
15. Sodium tetrafluoridodi hydroxyl chromate (III)
16. i. Square planar
ii. Cu2+ = 3d9 unpaired electron so
−
−−
√(3) = 1.73 BM
17. [Pt(NH3)4][CuCI4]
18. cis [Pt(en)2CI2]2+
19. Linkage isomerism.
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20. Cu2[Fe(CN)6]
21. a. The hybridization and magnetic character of [Co(NH3)6]3+ is d2sp3 and diamagnetic
b. The hybridization and magnetic character of [Ni(CO)4] is sp3 and diamagnetic.
22. The stability of coordination compound is measured in terms of stability constant.
Thus if we have a reaction of the type
M + 4L ⇌ M L4
[ML4 ]
β4 =
4
[M][L]
23. a. In [NiCl4]2-, Cl- is a weak field ligand due to which there are two unpaired electrons in 3d orbital.
In [Ni(CN)4]2-, CN- is a strong field ligand, it leads to pairing of electrons in 3d- orbital. So there are no unpaired electron in
3d- orbital.
Hence, [NiCl4]2- is paramagnetic and [Ni(CO)4] is diamagnetic in nature.
b. The electronic configuration of d5 on the basis of crystal field theory is
i. t2g3 eg2
ii. t2g5eg0
24. Homoleptic complexes are those in which only one type of ligand or donor group is present e.g. [Pt(NH3)6]3+has only NH3 as
ligand. Whereas hetroleptic complexes are those in which different types of ligands are present eg. [Pt(NH3)4Cl2]+ has two type
of ligands- NH3 and Cl- .
25. a. Analytical chemistry: (i) EDTA is used for the estimation of Ca2+and Mg2+in hard water.
b. Extraction of metals : (i) Silver and gold are extracted by treating zinc with their cyanide complexes.
26. When ionization isomers are dissolved in water, they ionize to give different ions. These ions then react differently with different
reagents to give different products.
[CO(NH3)5Cl]SO4 + Ba2+ → BaSO 4
↓
White Precipitate
[CO(NH3)5Cl]SO4 + Ag+ → No reaction
[CO(NH3)5 SO4] Cl + Ba2+ → No reaction
[CO(NH3)5 SO4] Cl + Ag+ → AgCl ↓
White precipitate
27. i. Aqueous CuSO4 solution exists as [Cu(H2O)] SO4 which has blue colour due to [Cu(H2O)4]2+ ions.
ii. When KF is added, the weak H2O Hligands are replaced by F-ligands forming [CuF4]2- ion which has bright green colour.
2+ 2-
-
[ Cu(H2 O) ] + 4Cl → [ CuCl4 ] + 4H2 O
4
tetrachlor ocuprate II
(Green solution)
28. Atomic number of Ni is 27
Electronic configuration of Ni = [Ar]3d84s2
Now, hybridisation - sp3 Since, it has an unpaired electron so its magnetic character is dimagnetic.
i. Atomic number of Fe is 26.
Electronic configuration of Fe = [Ar]3d64s2
Now, electronic configuration of Fe3+ = [Ar]3d54s0
So, hybridisation is d2sp3. Since, it has an unpaired electron so its magnetic character is paramagnetic.
ii. Atomic number of Co is 28.
3
Electronic configuration of Co = [Ar]3d74s2 Now, hybridisation- sp d2 Since, it has an unpaired electron so its magnetic
character is paramagnetic.
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29. a. Ambidenctate ligand. Ligands which can ligate (link) through two different atoms present in it are called ambidentate ligands,
e.g. NO2-, SCN-,M ← SC N M ← N CS
T hiocyanato Isothiocyanato
b. i. Potassium Trioxalato Ferrate (III)
ii. Hexaamine platinum (IV) chloride
c. cis- [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+
30. i. [Fe(en) Cl ] Cl
2 2
x + 2 × 0 + (-1) 2 = + 1 = + 3 Thus, the oxidation number of iron = + 3
ii. In this complex, Fe is present as Fe3+ and en being a strong field ligand, causes pairing. [Fe(en)Cl2]Cl =
d2sp3, octahedral geometry.
iii. Paramagnetic (as it contains one unpaired electron)
iv. Two geometrical isomers, cis and trans.
v. Yes, cis isomer will have optical isomers, due to the non-superimposable mirror images.
vi. Dichlorido bis-(ethane I, 2-diamine) iron (III) chloride.
31. a. The energy used in the splitting of degenerate d- orbitals due to the presence of ligands in a definite geometry is called Crystal
Field Splitting Energy.
b. Ti3+ = 3d1 i.e. t2g 1ego Due to d-d transition.
c. Cr3+ = 3d3
↑ ↑ ↑
Due to stable t2g3 configuration, hence paramagnetic.
Ni2+ = 3d8
CN- being strong field ligand pair up the electrons and hence diamagnetic.
OR
CN- being a strong ligand leads to the pairing of electrons in [Fe(CN)6]3- leading to d2sp3 hybridization.H2O being a weak
ligand does not lead to the pairing of electrons in [Fe(H2O)6]3+ leading to sp3d2 hybridization. / In [Fe(CN)6]3-, (n-1)d
orbitals of central metal ion are used in hybridization (d2sp3). Hence inner orbital complex whereas in [Fe(H2O)6]3+ n d
orbitals of central metal ion are used in hybridization (sp3d2).
32. Co-ordination compounds exhibit colour, which is attributed to the crystal field theory, corresponding to the d-d transition of
elements. For example, the excitation of an electron from the empty state as eg, will absorb light that will excite the electron from
(3 orbitals of lower energy) t2g to (2 orbital of higher energy) eg as in case of [Ti(H2O)6]3+. When light corresponding to the
energy of the yellow-green region is absorbed by the complex, this would excite the electron from t2g level to the eg level (t2g1eg0
→ t2g0eg1). Thus the complex is violet in color.
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But in the absence of ligand, there is no crystal field splitting and substance become colourless as in the case of [Ti(H2O)6]Cl3,
when water molecules are removed it becomes colourless.
33. i. Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride
ii. Pentaamminechloridocobalt(III) chloride
iii. Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)
iv. Potassium trioxalatoferrate(III)
v. Potassium tetrachloridopalladate(II)
vi. Diamminechlorido(methylamine)platinum(II) chloride
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