Lesson 2: Types of Communication

Learning Ojectives
• demonstrate knowledge about the role of
language in human communication.

• identify types of communication in relation to

communication mode, context, and purpose
and style.

• differentiate verbal and non-verbal and

visual communication and their sub-forms in
relation to communication modes.
Learning Ojectives
• evaluate the differences among intrapersonal and
interpersonal extended organizational and
Intercultural Communication in relation to
communication context
• explain the differences between formal and informal
communication in relation to purpose and style.

• discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the

different communication types in various
communication setting.
What is Communication?
o Communication is the act of conveying meanings from
one entity or group to another through the use of
mutually understood signs, symbols, and semiotic rules.

o Communication is simply the act of transferring

information from one place, person or group to another.

o Communication is the process of sending and receiving

messages through verbal and non-verbal means,
including speech or oral communication
Communication
o Depending on what is being considered,
communication as a term takes on different
contexts resulting in people having different views
on communication types.

o Since communication is generally defined as the

exchange of thoughts, ideas, concepts, and views
between or among two or more people, various
context come into play.
Context
o Context is the circumstances or
environment in which communication
takes place.

o The words that are used with a certain

word or phrase to explain its meaning.
Context
o Such circumstances may include the physical or actual
setting, the value positions of a speaker/ listener, and
the relevance or appropriateness of a message
conveyed.

o It focuses on certain communication processes and

even groupings of people that constitute a
communication situation.
Context
o Different contexts can impact one’s communication. Each
communication type is governed by a particular
circumstances.
o Thus, it is essential to pay attention to the interplay of factors
surrounding the context of communication which may be
physical, cultural, social, and psychological in nature.
o Communication may then be classified according to:
1. Communication mode
2. Context
3. Purpose and Style
 Types of Communication
According to Mode
( A message may be conveyed via these types:
verbal, non-verbal and visual communication).
 VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
Verbal Communication
o Verbal communication refers to the forms of
communication in which message is transmitted verbally;
communication is done by word with the use of mouth and
a piece of writing.

o When we talks to others, we assumes that others

understand what we are saying because we know what we
are saying. But this is not the case usually people bring
their own attitude, perception, emotions and thoughts
about the topic and hence creates barrier in
delivering the right meaning.
 Take note!
So in order to deliver the right message,
you must put yourself on the other side of
the table and think from your receiver’s
point of view. Would he understand the
message? How it would sound on the other
side of the table?
Verbal Communication

• Oral Communication
• Written Communication
 Oral
Communication
Oral Communication
o In oral communication, spoken words are used.

o It includes face-to-face conversations, speech,

telephonic conversation, video, and radio.

o In oral communication, communication is

influence by pitch volume, speed and clarity of
speaking.
 Written
Communication
Written Communication
o In written communication, written signs or symbols are
used to communicate.

o A written message may be printed or hand written.

o In written communication message can be transmitted via

email, letter, report, memo etc.

o Written communication is most common form of

communication beings used in business.
 NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
Non-verbal Communication
o Non-verbal communication includes gestures,
facial expressions, and body positions (known
collectively as “body language”).

o Non-verbal communication is the transmission of

messages or signs through a non-verbal platform
such ad eye contact, facial expressions, gestures,
posture, and the distance between two individuals.
Types of Non-verbal Communication
o Eye contact o Humor
o Facial Expression o Touch
o Gestures o Silence
o Posture and body o Personal
orientation Appearance
o Body language o Symbol
o Space, distance o Visual
or Proximity Communication
 VISUAL
COMMUNICATION
V isual Communication
o When communication occurs by means of any
visual aids, its is known as visual
communication.

o Visual communication, on the other hand, is

the type of communication that uses visuals
to convey information and/or messages.
V isual Communication
o Some example are signs, symbols, imagery, maps,
graphs, charts, diagrams, pictograms, photos,
drawings or illustrations, and even various forms of
electronic communication.

o Electronic communication symbols or images are the

emojis, emotions, and animation among others to
convey the writer’s emotions or clarity the intent of
the message sender.
 Take note!
Verbal and non-verbal codes should
complement each other. With visual
communication, interpretation of signs and
symbols is crucial since people have different
ways of interpreting them. It is important to
always contextualize the symbols/signs received
in order to arrive at the correct interpretation.
Types of Communication
According to Context
(Communication may also be classified according to context:
intrapersonal, interpersonal, extended, organizational
communication and intercultural communication).
Intrapersonal Communication
o The Latin prefix intra means within or inside.
o Intrapersonal communication then means talking to
oneself.
o Some label it as self or inner talk, inner monologue, or
inner dialogue.
o Psychologist call it with other names such as self-
verbalization or self-statement.
o Self talk can be advantageous as it can enable you to
practice what you ought to say in time when you lack the
motivation and confidence to speak.
Extended Communication
o Extended communication involves the use of electronic
media.
o Extended communication is public in nature, speakers are
expected to be prepared when they speak, making their
language more formal.
o With the use of electronic media, messages are
transmitted quickly.
o With extended communication, your own thinking,
behavior, and attitude may be influenced by other people
and you may be persuaded to take views you hear.
Organizational Communication
o Organizations compromise individuals who work
for the company.
o Organizational community indicates
communication not only in business but also in
hospitals, churches, government agencies,
military organization and etc.
o Its is exchange of information, ideas, and views
within and outside the organization.
 Take note!

In any organization, a system of

communication should be put in place.
Transmission of message and message
flow also play an important role in
effective organizational communication.
INTERCULTURAL
COMMUNICATION
Intercultural Communication
o Its is a communication between or among people
having different linguistics, religious, ethnic,
social, and professional backgrounds.
o Even gender difference affects communication.
o Individuals having different orientations
communicate and interpret messages differently.
This particularly happens with non-verbal
communication.
 Take note!

People have different linguistic, religious,

ethnic, social, and professional backgrounds. It
is then necessary to pay attention to
intercultural communication to avoid
miscommunication and/or communication
breakdown.
Types of Communication
According to
P urpose and Style
 Formal
Communication
F ormal Communication
o Employs formal language delivered orally or in
written.
o Lectures, public talks/speeches, research and
project proposals, reports, and business letters,
among others are considered formal situations and
writings.
o Note that while lectures and speeches are
delivered orally, the texts have been thought out
carefully and written well before they are delivered.
 Informal
Communication
Informal Communication
o Informal communication certainly does not employ
formal language. It involves personal and ordinary
conversations with friends, family members, or
acquaintances about anything under the sun.
o The mode may be oral, ordinary or everyday talks
and phone calls, or written.
o The purpose is simply to socialize and enhance
relationship
 Take note!
Formal and informal communication have
different uses depending on the situations.
Both types may be in oral and written
mode.