Example test [360 marks]
1. [Maximum mark: 10] 22N.2.bp.TZ0.1
(a) Outline one physical factor that can lead to an area having a
high population density. [2]
(b) Suggest two ways in which a demographic dividend can bring
economic benefits to a country.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two ways in which environmental push factors lead to
forced migration.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
2. [Maximum mark: 10] 22M.2.bp.TZ0.1
The map shows the distribution of population in Venezuela.
[Source: Geo-Ref.net, 2020. Country map – Administrative structure – Population
density of Venezuela. [online] Available at:
http://www.geo-ref.net/en/ven.htm [Accessed 12 May 2020]. Source adapted.]
(a) Outline the distribution of the Venezuelan states with
population densities of above 100 persons per km2. [2]
(b) Explain two physical reasons why some areas have a low
population density.
Reason 1:
Reason 2:
[4]
(c) Explain one cultural reason and one economic reason why
fertility rates are decreasing.
Cultural reason:
Economic reason:
[4]
3. [Maximum mark: 10] 21N.2.bp.TZ0.1
(a) Outline what is meant by the rate of natural increase. [2]
(b) Explain one political cause and one political consequence of
forced migration.
Political cause:
Political consequence:
[4]
(c) Explain two policies that are used to promote gender equality.
Policy 1:
Policy 2:
[4]
4. [Maximum mark: 10] 21M.2.bp.TZ0.1
(a) Outline what is meant by “fertility rate”. [2]
(b) Suggest two reasons why fertility rates decline when the status
of women is improved.
Reason 1:
Reason 2:
[4]
(c.i) Explain why some places have an uneven sex ratio as a result of
migration. [2]
(c.ii) Explain why some places have an uneven sex ratio as a result of
an ageing society. [2]
5. [Maximum mark: 10] 20N.2.bp.TZ0.6
“Resource insecurity is becoming the main cause of forced migration.”
To what extent do you agree with this statement? [10]
6. [Maximum mark: 10] 19M.2.bp.TZ0.1
Changing population
The graph shows actual and projected changes in the median population age of
three countries between 1960 and 2080.
[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]
(a) State the median age for Country B in the year 2000. [1]
(b) State which country has the greatest projected increase in
median age between 2010 and 2040. [1]
(c) Explain one reason why the median age of a population could
decrease. [2]
(d) Explain one environmental consequence of one named forced
migration.
Named example of forced migration:
Environmental consequence:
[3]
(e) Explain one policy designed to prevent human trafficking. [3]
7. [Maximum mark: 10] 22N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The map shows selected heatwave events in Europe from 2010 to 2020.
[Source: CarbonBrief. 2021. Available at: https://www.carbonbrief.org/mapped-
how-climate-change-affects-extreme-weatheraround-
the-world [Accessed 8 October 2021]. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the distribution of the selected heatwave events
shown on the map. [2]
(b) Suggest two human factors that can increase vulnerability to
extreme weather events.
Factor 1:
Factor 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two government-led strategies to reduce the causes of
global climate change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
8. [Maximum mark: 10] 22M.2.bp.TZ0.2
(a) Outline what is meant by terrestrial albedo. [2]
(b.i) Suggest how climate change may cause spatial changes in
biomes. [2]
(b.ii) Suggest how climate change may cause spatial changes in
animal migration patterns. [2]
(c) Explain two ways in which higher temperatures could increase
the incidence of health hazards on people.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
9. [Maximum mark: 10] 21N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The graph shows the trend in flood events worldwide between 1980 and 2000.
[Source: Hugo Ahlenius, UNEP/GRID-Arendal
https://www.grida.no/resources/7199. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the trend in flood events. [2]
(b) Suggest two ways in which increased global temperatures can
cause changes in sea levels.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two corporate strategies used to address global climate
change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
10. [Maximum mark: 10] 21M.2.bp.TZ0.2
The map shows the land surface temperature anomalies for February 2017.
[Source: NASA Earth Observatory. Land Surface Temperature Anomaly. [online] Available at:
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/global-maps/MOD_LSTAD_M [accessed 16
April 2019].]
(a.i) Identify one region showing an extensive positive anomaly of
+12 °C. [1]
(a.ii) Identify one region showing an extensive negative anomaly of
−12 °C. [1]
(b.i) Outline how extreme warming can affect the albedo of a
region. [2]
(b.ii) Outline how extreme warming can affect the operation of a
feedback loop. [2]
(c) Explain two ways in which climate change impacts upon ocean
transport routes.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
11. [Maximum mark: 10] 22N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The map shows selected heatwave events in Europe from 2010 to 2020.
[Source: CarbonBrief. 2021. Available at: https://www.carbonbrief.org/mapped-
how-climate-change-affects-extreme-weatheraround-
the-world [Accessed 8 October 2021]. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the distribution of the selected heatwave events
shown on the map. [2]
(b) Suggest two human factors that can increase vulnerability to
extreme weather events.
Factor 1:
Factor 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two government-led strategies to reduce the causes of
global climate change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
12. [Maximum mark: 10] 22M.2.bp.TZ0.2
(a) Outline what is meant by terrestrial albedo. [2]
(b.i) Suggest how climate change may cause spatial changes in
biomes. [2]
(b.ii) Suggest how climate change may cause spatial changes in
animal migration patterns. [2]
(c) Explain two ways in which higher temperatures could increase
the incidence of health hazards on people.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
13. [Maximum mark: 10] 21N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The graph shows the trend in flood events worldwide between 1980 and 2000.
[Source: Hugo Ahlenius, UNEP/GRID-Arendal
https://www.grida.no/resources/7199. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the trend in flood events. [2]
(b) Suggest two ways in which increased global temperatures can
cause changes in sea levels.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two corporate strategies used to address global climate
change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
14. [Maximum mark: 10] 22N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The map shows selected heatwave events in Europe from 2010 to 2020.
[Source: CarbonBrief. 2021. Available at: https://www.carbonbrief.org/mapped-
how-climate-change-affects-extreme-weatheraround-
the-world [Accessed 8 October 2021]. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the distribution of the selected heatwave events
shown on the map. [2]
(b) Suggest two human factors that can increase vulnerability to
extreme weather events.
Factor 1:
Factor 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two government-led strategies to reduce the causes of
global climate change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
15. [Maximum mark: 10] 22M.2.bp.TZ0.2
(a) Outline what is meant by terrestrial albedo. [2]
(b.i) Suggest how climate change may cause spatial changes in
biomes. [2]
(b.ii) Suggest how climate change may cause spatial changes in
animal migration patterns. [2]
(c) Explain two ways in which higher temperatures could increase
the incidence of health hazards on people.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
16. [Maximum mark: 10] 21N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The graph shows the trend in flood events worldwide between 1980 and 2000.
[Source: Hugo Ahlenius, UNEP/GRID-Arendal
https://www.grida.no/resources/7199. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the trend in flood events. [2]
(b) Suggest two ways in which increased global temperatures can
cause changes in sea levels.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two corporate strategies used to address global climate
change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
17. [Maximum mark: 10] 21M.2.bp.TZ0.2
The map shows the land surface temperature anomalies for February 2017.
[Source: NASA Earth Observatory. Land Surface Temperature Anomaly. [online] Available at:
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/global-maps/MOD_LSTAD_M [accessed 16
April 2019].]
(a.i) Identify one region showing an extensive positive anomaly of
+12 °C. [1]
(a.ii) Identify one region showing an extensive negative anomaly of
−12 °C. [1]
(b.i) Outline how extreme warming can affect the albedo of a
region. [2]
(b.ii) Outline how extreme warming can affect the operation of a
feedback loop. [2]
(c) Explain two ways in which climate change impacts upon ocean
transport routes.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
18. [Maximum mark: 10] 22N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The map shows selected heatwave events in Europe from 2010 to 2020.
[Source: CarbonBrief. 2021. Available at: https://www.carbonbrief.org/mapped-
how-climate-change-affects-extreme-weatheraround-
the-world [Accessed 8 October 2021]. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the distribution of the selected heatwave events
shown on the map. [2]
(b) Suggest two human factors that can increase vulnerability to
extreme weather events.
Factor 1:
Factor 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two government-led strategies to reduce the causes of
global climate change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
19. [Maximum mark: 10] 22M.2.bp.TZ0.2
(a) Outline what is meant by terrestrial albedo. [2]
(b.i) Suggest how climate change may cause spatial changes in
biomes. [2]
(b.ii) Suggest how climate change may cause spatial changes in
animal migration patterns. [2]
(c) Explain two ways in which higher temperatures could increase
the incidence of health hazards on people.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
20. [Maximum mark: 10] 21N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The graph shows the trend in flood events worldwide between 1980 and 2000.
[Source: Hugo Ahlenius, UNEP/GRID-Arendal
https://www.grida.no/resources/7199. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the trend in flood events. [2]
(b) Suggest two ways in which increased global temperatures can
cause changes in sea levels.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two corporate strategies used to address global climate
change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
21. [Maximum mark: 10] 21M.2.bp.TZ0.2
The map shows the land surface temperature anomalies for February 2017.
[Source: NASA Earth Observatory. Land Surface Temperature Anomaly. [online] Available at:
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/global-maps/MOD_LSTAD_M [accessed 16
April 2019].]
(a.i) Identify one region showing an extensive positive anomaly of
+12 °C. [1]
(a.ii) Identify one region showing an extensive negative anomaly of
−12 °C. [1]
(b.i) Outline how extreme warming can affect the albedo of a
region. [2]
(b.ii) Outline how extreme warming can affect the operation of a
feedback loop. [2]
(c) Explain two ways in which climate change impacts upon ocean
transport routes.
Way 1:
Way 2:
[4]
22. [Maximum mark: 10] 23M.2.bp.TZ0.2
(a) Outline what is meant by global dimming. [2]
(b) Suggest two ways in which economic development leads to
international variations in greenhouse gas emissions.
Way 1: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.........
......................................................................
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........
Way 2: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.........
......................................................................
........
......................................................................
........
......................................................................
........ [4]
(c) Explain two reasons why wealthy people are less vulnerable to
climate change.
Reason 1: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..........
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Reason 2: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..........
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......................................................................
..........
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..........
[4]
23. [Maximum mark: 8] 23M.2.bp.TZ0.3
(b) Explain one reason why oil consumption per person over the
last 20 years has:
(b.i) decreased in some high-income countries; [2]
(b.ii) increased in some middle-income countries. [2]
(c) Explain one environmental impact and one economic impact
of international flows of waste on receiving countries.
Environmental impact: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
............
......................................................................
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Economic impact: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...........
......................................................................
.........
......................................................................
..........
......................................................................
.......... [4]
24. [Maximum mark: 10] 23M.2.bp.TZ0.5
“The policies used to manage natural population change are more
successful than those used to manage climate change.” To what extent
do you agree with this statement? [10]
25. [Maximum mark: 28] 23M.3.hl.TZ1.1
(a) Analyse how global patterns of aid and lending have created a
more interconnected world. [12]
(b) To what extent have national governments and multi-
governmental organizations (MGOs) lost control of global
interactions? [16]
26. [Maximum mark: 28] 23M.3.hl.TZ1.2
(a) Using examples, analyse the influence of diaspora populations
on the cultural identity of different places. [12]
(b) Discuss ways in which global financial flows can be affected by
the actions of governments.
[16]
27. [Maximum mark: 28] 23M.3.hl.TZ1.3
(a) Analyse how people’s perception of a “shrinking world” has
been influenced by different transport and communications
technologies. [12]
(b) To what extent have people in wealthy countries benefitted
from global interactions?
[16]
28. [Maximum mark: 28] 23M.3.hl.TZ2.3
(a) Analyse how people’s perception of a “shrinking world” has
been influenced by different transport and communications
technologies. [12]
(b) To what extent have people in wealthy countries benefitted
from global interactions?
[16]
29. [Maximum mark: 10] 22N.2.bp.TZ0.2
The map shows selected heatwave events in Europe from 2010 to 2020.
[Source: CarbonBrief. 2021. Available at: https://www.carbonbrief.org/mapped-
how-climate-change-affects-extreme-weatheraround-
the-world [Accessed 8 October 2021]. Source adapted.]
(a) Describe the distribution of the selected heatwave events
shown on the map. [2]
(b) Suggest two human factors that can increase vulnerability to
extreme weather events.
Factor 1:
Factor 2:
[4]
(c) Explain two government-led strategies to reduce the causes of
global climate change.
Strategy 1:
Strategy 2:
[4]
© International Baccalaureate Organization, 2023
